英美概况第一周课件

英美概况第一周课件

Week 1 Brief Introduction of the Course

## Review of the course scheduel

## Requirement of the course

## Full name of the UK

##General information about U.K. and U.S.A.

Gre a t B rita in is ma de up o f:

?England - The capital is London.

?Scotland - The capital is Edinburgh .

?W ales - The capital is Cardiff.

Is Grea t B rita in the s a me as the UK?

No, Great Britain and the United Kingdom refer to different areas.

Great Britain is very often, but incorrectly, used as a synonym for the sovereign state properly known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK). (The clue is the full name of the UK. The UK includes Great Britain AND Northern Ireland)

Great Britain is a political term which describes the combination of England, Scotland, and Wales, the three nations which together include all the land on the island. It is also a geographical term referring to the island on which the greater parts of England, Wales and Scotland are situated.

Great Britain has an area of 229,850 km2 (88,745 sq. mi.) and is the largest island

of the British Isles.

Is Grea t B rita in the s a me as B rita in?

Yes, sometimes people use the shorten name Britain instead of Great Britain.

B rita in

Britain was the name that the Romans gave the whole island, which contains modern-day England, Wales and Scotland. The name is derived from the Latin name Britannia.

Eng la nd

England used to be known as Engla land, meaning the land of the Angles, people from continental Germany, who began to invade Britain in the late 5th century, along with the Saxons and Jute.

Gre a t B rita in

The term Great Britain was first used during the reign of King James I of England (James VI of Scotland) in 1603, to refer to the separate kingdoms of England and Scotland. on the same landmass, that were ruled over by the same monarch. Despite having the same monarch, both kingdoms kept their own parliaments.

United Kingdom (The uniting of kingdoms)

The 'United Kingdom of Great Britain' was formed in 1707 by the Act of Union that created a single kingdom with a single Parliament. (Scotland has always retained its own legal system)

A hundred years later the Act of Union of 1801 joined Ireland to 'Great Britain' and the name "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland" was first used. (Since 1921 only Northern Ireland has been part of the United Kingdom and so the name changed).

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，including England/Welsh/Scotland/Northern Ireland，among which，England, Wales and Scotlandare located on an Island called Britain

Great Britain is a political term which describes the combination of England, Scotland, and Wales, the three nations which together include all the land on the island.

Queen Elizabeth II

Prince Charles

Margaret Thatcher

Prime Minister Gordon Brown

Downing Street is located in Whitehall in central London, a few minutes' walk from the Houses of Parliament and a little further from Buckingham Palace.

The Houses of Parliament

Windsor Castle, the largest inhabited castle in the world,

Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument located in the English county of Wiltshire, about 3.2 kilometres (2.0 mi) west of Amesbury and 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) north of Salisbury. One of the most famous prehistoric sites in the world

The Thirteen Colonies

They were New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Y ork, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. They are also called the Thirteen Original States.

It was an English speaking nation with free institutions based upon Anglo-Saxon culture and English common law.

The English, Scots, Irish, Welsh, Dutch, and Germans settled in what became the 13 original colonies.They wrote the Declaration of Independence, fought the Revolution, fashioned the Constitution with its Bill of Rights, and fixed the cultural, economic, and political patterns of the country. The government and society they created came from their own Northern and West European cultural and political background.

The White House, formerly known as the Executive Mansion, is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., it was built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the late Georgian style and has been the executive residence of every U.S. President since John Adams. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the home in 1801, he, with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe, expanded the building outward, creating two colonnades which were meant to conceal stables and storage

The United States Capitol serves as the seat of government for the United States Congress, the legislative branch of the U.S. federal government. It is located in Washington, D.C., on top of Capitol Hill.

The W ashington Monument is a large, tall, sand-colored obelisk near the west end of the National Mall in Washington, D.C. It is a United States Presidential Memorial constructed to commemorate the first president, George Washington.

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英美文化概况试题5

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英美文化概况简答论述整理

英美文化概况简答论述 简答： 1.The Functions of Parliament ① First and foremost, it passes laws. ②provides the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation. ③scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day. ④There are no legal restraints upon Parliament. However, it does not assert its supremacy, but bears the common law in mind and acts according to precedent. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. 2.George Washington George Washington was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic. He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army in the War of Independence against the British colonial rule and the first President of the United States. 3.The Open University The Open University ―founded in the 1960’s for people who might not get the opportunity for higher educarion for economic and social reasons.It’s open to everybody and doesn’t demand the same formal educational qualifications as the other universities. Universities courses are following through TV, correspondence,videos and a net work of study centers. Ath the end of their studies at the Open University, successful students are awarded a university degree. Universities in the UK. 4.The strategy of Preemption In an address delivered to the West Point graduates, President Bush, for the first time, put forward the strategy of preemption（先发制人）, which is formalized in the National Security Strategy issued in Sept. 2002. By preemption, the US means that when it determines that a country which is repressive and hostile to the US has acquired or produced weapons of mass destruction（大规模杀伤性武器）or has the potential to possess such weapons, the US should use force to remove this threat to US security and should not wait till the danger becomes imminent or until the Us is attacked. This is known as Bush Doctrine. 5. Comprehensive schools Comprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Such schools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education. Pupils can study everything from academic subjects like literature to more practical subjects like cooking. 6. The Bill of Rights The Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791. The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.

《英美文化概况》

《英美文化概况》(13) 中国石油大学（北京）2013--2014学年第一学期 《英美文化概况》期末考试试卷A（闭卷考试） 班级：________ 姓名： _______ 学号： ______ Part I Tell whether each of the following statements is true or false. （20 分） 1._________ The best-k nown En glish lege nd, King Arthur, derives from the Anglo- Saxons ' time. 2._________ English drama flourished during Elizabeth I era. 3._________ After World War II, the British economy became the 2nd largest power in the world. 4._________ America was named after the great discoverer Amerigo Vespucci.

5._________ Britain is situated in Western Europe. 6._________ The Lake District is closely related with English literature in the 19 th century. 7._________ The Iongest river in North America is the Missouri River. 8._________ Com mon laws are laws which have bee n established through common practice in the courts. 9.________ The "Bill of Rights" was added to the Constitution in 1791. 10.________ Most heavily populated districts have more senators than the small states. 11._______ The United States has two major political parties: the Democratic Party and the Conservative Party. 12.________ Tolerance and respect for others are central to the way of life in the U.K. 13.________ The Protestant Church and the Catholic Church are two major groups in Christianity. 14.________ The second largest religious group in the U.K. is Buddhism. 15. _______ The University of Oxford is the second oldest university in the English-speaking world. 16. _______ Easter Day is to celebrate Christ 's resurrection from the dead.

英美文化概况作文

What is an American The United States of America is the third largest country in the world in population.What’s more,it is the fourth largest country in area.In a way,the United States is called a melting pot.Melting pot is a place where immigrants of different cultures or races form an integrated society.Therefore,we can interpret an American from immigration，character and American dream. First of all ,In the 19th century, large numbers of immigrants came from Europe. Migration from other continents like Asia and Latin America belongs to a later and the present time. People entered the new land for various reasons. Now,you will find an American‘s ancestors maybe English, or French, or Italian, Irish, German, Spanish, Polish, Russian, or Greek. And may also be African, Indian, Chinese, Japanese, Australian, Iranian, Asian, or Arab, or Pakistani, or Afghan. In the second place，most of people believed that an Amercian is outgoing, friendly,cheerful,self-concetied,sportsman ship and so on.In my eyes,an Amercian has the spirit of pioneering,liberty and equality,and these spirits result in innovation,freedom，competition，equality and passionate.

英美文化概况

1.Emancipists: The emancipists are ex-convicts who were fully or conditionally pardoned for conduct or service. They became successful farmers,lawyers, architects and government administrators. They contributed a lot to the development of Australian society. By the 1820s, a third of the richest men in the colony were emancipists, among them were Mary Reiby and James Ruse. 2.Wakefield Scheme: Wakefield Scheme was devised by Edward Wakefield, a convict and theorist on colonization, to solve the problems of labour shortage in colonial Australia. His proposal on the development of colonial Australia was that land should not be freely and cheaply available. It should be sold at sufficient price to ensure that only men of capital could afford it. The money earned from selling land should be used to assist selected free migrants to Australia. 3.The “Washminster” form of polity: The “Washminster” form of polity is adopted by the Australia government. It is a mixture of the US Washington system of government and the British Westminster system. This means that the political structure of the government is based on a Federation of States with a three-tier system of government. However, the thief executive is a Prime Minister, instead of a President as in the US system. 4.The advantages of the pluralist form of government: The advantages of the pluralist form of government are : it enables the citizens to exercise their political right to choose their own government; it secures transparency and accountability of the government; it provides for an alternative government which can competently take over the state affairs should any government collapse; the citizens can exert their power through major interest groups. 5.Multiculturalism: Multiculturalism was adopted in 1973. It was comprised of policy: Cultural Identity, which means the right to express and share one’s cultural heritage; Social Justice, to right to equal treatment and opportunity; and Economic Efficiency, the need to maintain and develop the skills of all Australia regardless of their backgrounds 6.The Write Australia Policy: The White Australia Policy was officially adopted by the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901, in the Immigration Restriction Art. It was made to stop Chinese and other non-British migrants form entering and setting down in Australia. This was mainly achieved through a diction test in a European language. The White Australia Policy was officially abolished in 1973. 7.The Resource Management Act：The Resource Management Act reflects New Zealander s’ environmental awareness. Under the Act, laws governing land, air and water resources are combined together to ensure the sustainable management of natural resources. It focuses on the effects of human activities on the whole environment as well. The Act came into force in 1991. With it, New Zealand leads the World in environmental legislation. 8.MMPR：MMPR stands for Mixed Member Proportional Representation. Under this new election system, each voter has two votes, the first one for a candidate in their electorate, the second for a political party. The second vote, when counted nation-wide, decides the number of seats each party will take in Parliament. 9.Structures of government：Canada’s system o f government is based on the British system of parliamentary democracy. Like Britain, Canada is a monarchy. The official head of state is the Queen, but she is represented by an official called a Governor General as she doesn’t live in Canada. Canada is a federation with ten provinces and three territories. The gov ernment of the country is referred to as “the federal government”, to distinguish it from

《英美文化概况》(13)

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【5】教学手段及教学环节配置 主要教学手段建议：讲授，多媒体辅助教学。 教学环节配制：理论教学、课外作业等。 讲授课是教学中的重要授课途径，本门课的讲授内容包括： （1）对基本内容进行讲解； （2）对重、难点进行分析； （3）对自学内容进行提示、归纳、总结。 【6】教学总学时分配 本课程共 20 学时,具体学时分配如下表所示： 【7】考核及计分方式 1、考试类型：随堂测试 2、成绩评定说明：考试课成绩按百分制计，随堂测试成绩占70%、平时成绩占30%。【8】教材选择： 《英美概况》陈治刚张承谟汪尧田汪明编著上海外语教育出版社

英美文化概况论文

The Differences of Teenagers’ Life Between China and America It is universally known that teenagers are the expectation of their parents and the hope of a nation, and almost all the countries in the world, including C hina and America of course, pay much attention to the teenagers’ life. However, because of the differences of culture in different countries, teenagers are obviously not living a same life. And in this article, I want to talk about some differences of teenagers’ life between China and America, for life of teenagers in these two countries are both typical. First of all, let’s go into schools and find out how teenagers s pending a day at school. As a Chinese student, I really know the teenagers’ life at school in China. We have to get up early so as not to be late for classes in the weekdays, and there are nearly ten lessons, which contain Chinese, maths, physics, chemistry, English and so on, from moning to night so that many students, especially the highschool students, prefer to spend most of time staying in the classrooms rather than go to play games. As there are too many tasks of learning for us, sometimes we even think that doing things which have nothing to do with studing is just a waste of time. So now you should know that Chinese teenagers’ life at school seems to be a

新编英美概况(许鲁之)Chapter 4 word for PPT

History of the United States Chapter 4 Discovery and Early Colonization ?Solid evidence of these cultures settling in what would become the US is dated to around 14,000 years ago. ?They might belong to the Mongoloid 蒙古人种的peoples. ?all land travel ended between 10,000 and 9000 B. C. ?It is plausible that a Japanese of Chinese fishing craft, or even a Polynesian outrigger舷外支架canoe, may have drifted across the Pacific to the New World. ?There is some evidence that Irish or Welsh monks may have been the first non-Indian discoverers of the New World. Early Chinese Exploration Norse Exploration Factors Led to the European Discovery Factors Led to the European Discovery ?Renaissance and Reformation = the great spirit of adventure and enthusiasm which swept Europe. The enaissancesecularized the way people thought. ?The rise of Nation-Sates: By the 1400s France, England, and Spain were ruled by ambitious kings and queens. Factors Led to the European Discovery ?3. Sailors deared to take long ocean voyages because of the improvements in navigation and naval architecture. ?4. Life on land was hard and uncertain. Christopher Columbus ?born in Genoa ?worked on Portuguese ships for nearly nine years. ?Columbus believed Europeans would arrive at the riches of the Orient--- referred to as the "Indies." ?The Portuguese king, relying on advisers who reported that the world was much larger than Columbus believed, rejected his plan. ?Columbus then approached Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain, ?He crossed the Atlantic, and after six long weeks, his ship arrived at San Salvador in the