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高中英语必修一unit1-3的短语和语法

Unit One Friendship

一、重点短语

1. be good to 对……友好be good for 对……有益；be bad to…/be bad for…

2.add up sth 加起来add up to 总计

add to 增加；加强（多用于抽象意义）a dd…to…在…中加上….

3. get sth done使某物/事被做…

4. on purpose 有目的的

5. go /be on holiday 休假

6. be upset不安upset sb.使某人心烦意乱be/get upset about 为…心烦；为…不安

7. face to face 面对面hand in hand 手拉手shoulder by shoulder 肩并肩

8. fall in love (with sb.) (同某人)坠入爱河，(与某人)相爱

9. join in 参加（某些活动：讨论、游戏、工作、比赛…）；

take part in 参加（群众性活动、会议等，参加者持积极态度，起一份作用）

join 加入（组织，社会团体；参军；并成为其中一员）

10. have trouble with sth. have trouble/difficulty in doing

11. suffer from 患…病; 受…苦痛;遭受go through遭遇；经历；获准，通过

12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦

13. be concerned about 关心

14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽

15. be good at=do well in 擅长于…

16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…

17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…

18. too much +n,(不可数)太多……much too +adj. 太…

19. no longer=not …any longer 如今不再……

20. it’s no pleasure/use doing sth 做…并不开心/没有用

21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

22. sth happen to sb 某人发生某事sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事

It so happened that…. 正巧

23.for example, 例如，（具体举一个例子）namely 即，（把例举的事物举完）

such as+n./doing诸如…之类（例举事物中的多个例子）

二、语法点

1.直接引语和间接引语，注意人称、时态、时间状语的变化！

2. 强调句型：It is/was+ 强调部分（除谓语外）+that/who+其他部分

3. 第…次做…. : It is/ was the fisrt( second…序数词) time+that….have/had done….

4. 动名词做定语，与修饰的名词无逻辑上的主谓关系，只表示所修饰名词的一般用途，

必须位于名词之前：swimming pool、reading room、hiding place

现在分词做定语：与修饰的名词有，逻辑上的主谓关系，表示所修饰名词特征，表修饰的名词正在进行的动作：flying bird、running boy、singing girl….

5.with +复合结构，中间可包含副词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语等，在句子起状语

作用。例：

He lies there with his eyes looking at the blue sky.

The teacher came to classroom with a book under her arm.

Unit two English around the world

一、重点短语

1. be different from 与…不同 be the same as 与…一样be different in：“在...方面不同"

2. one another 相互，彼此（=each other）

3. official language 官方语言

4. at the end of + 时间/地点在…..末端/终点

5. because of 因为（后接名词/代词/动名词） because 因为（后接句子）

6. the road to …通向……之路（to是介词）

the exit/entrance to…the key to…the answer to…

7. than ever before 比从前；比以前

7. be based on 根据，依据

8. at present 目前；当今

9. especially 特别，尤其 specially 专门地

10. make use of 利用… make full/good use of 充分利用…

11. a large number of 大量的，很多（作主语，谓语动词用复数）

the number of …的数量（作主语，谓语动词用单数）

12. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事实上

13. believe it or not 信不信由你

14. there is no such thing as…没有这样的事…

15. be expected to …被期待做某事

16. play a part/role in …在…起作用

17. make lists of…列清单

18. sth. included 包括（前面接包括的对象） Including sth.包括（后接包括的对象）

19. command sb. to do sth. 命令某人去做某事 command + that 从句（从句用should+V原）

20. request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 request + that 从句(从句用should+V原)

21.the way of doing sth. the way to do sth.

……the way (in which/that)…..

21. come up 走上前来，走近，发生，出现

22. the former…the latter…前者…后者…

23. be satisfied with…对……感到满意，满足于

24 in some ways 在某些方面；在某种程度上；不完全地

25. more than one+名词“不止一个…”

More than与数词连用，意为“超过，多于”，相当于over

26. a nice fall day = a lovely autumn day

二、语法----英语中的命令（command）语气和请求(request)语气

命令语气：表示直接命令某人做某事，语气比较重，不怎么礼貌，一般用于上级对下级例：

1. “Look at the example”, the teacher said to us.

2. Open the window!

请求语气：表示请求某人做某事，语气比较缓和，非常礼貌

例：1. “ Would you like to see my flat?” She asked.

2. Would you please open the window?

Unit 3 Travel journal 一、重点短语

1. travel----泛指旅行

journey----指长时间长距离的陆上旅行

voyage----指长距离的水上旅行，也可以指乘飞机旅行

trip----常指短时间短距离的旅行

tour----指周游，巡回旅游，

2. prefer to 更加喜欢，宁愿 prefer A to B 比起B，更喜欢A

prefer doing A to doing B 比起做A…，宁愿做B…

prefer to do A rather than do B 与其做A…, 不如B…

3. flow through valley流过，流经climb over the mountain 翻越山

4. ever since 自从

5. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服(成功)某人做某事

6. be fond of 喜欢

7. insist on doing 坚持做某事insist + that 从句（用should+ V原）

8. care about 关心

9. change one’s mind 改变想法

10. altitude 高度attitude to. (对….的)态度，看法

11. make up one’s mind to do 下定决心做= decide to do = make a decision to do

12. give in to sb.让步，屈服 give up 放弃

13. be surprised to …对…感到惊奇be shocked at sth. to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是…

14. at last = finally = in the end 最终

15. stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事

16. as usual 像往常一样

17. so…that 如此…以至于… So + adj + a/an + n. + that Such + a/an +adj. + n. + that

18. be familiar with 对…熟悉（人作主语） be familiar to 为…所熟悉（物作主语）

19. build up confidence 建立信心

20. dream of/about doing sth. 梦想做某事

21.a determined look 一个坚定的眼神

22. graduate from 毕业于….

二、语法:现在进行时表将来

现在进行时表将来，表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，常见的现在进行时表将来的动词有：come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do等. 例：

1. I’m coming. 我就来

2. What are you doing next Sunday ? 你下个星期天做什么？

3. I hear that you are travelling along Mekong River. 我听说你将沿湄公河旅行

4. Where are you staying at night? 你们晚上待在哪里/

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Book 1 Unit 1 Friendship Part 1 课文知识点归纳 1. add up 把…加起来 2. be upset about / at sth. 对…而感到不安 3. be ignorant 不知道, 没意识到 4. calm… down… (使)平静, (使)镇定 5. have got to 不得不, 必须 = have to / must 6. be concerned about 关心,挂念 7. go through 经历, 经受 8. set down 记下, 放下, 登记 9. a series of 一连串, 一系列, 一套 10. on purpose 故意 11. in order to 为了 12. at dusk 在黄昏时刻 13. face to face 面对面 14. no longer / not…any longer 不再 15. tie up 绑, 包扎16. take no notice of 不注意 17. suffer from 遭受, 患病 18. on the high way 在高速路上 19. recover from on e’s illness 康复 20. get / be tired of 对..厌倦 21. pack (sth) up 将(东西)装箱打包 22. have some trouble with 有…麻烦 23. at the moment 此刻,现在 24. get along / on with 与…相处, 进展 25. fall in love with 爱上, 相爱 26. join in 参加, 加入 27. show one’s interest in 对…感兴趣 28. communicate with 与…交流 29. far and wide 到处 30. look to 注意句型: 1. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by car. While引导了一个时间状从; walking the dog 为现在分词充当时间状语 [句型翻译] (当你) 过马路时, 你应该小心点. __________________________________________________ 2. She found it difficult to settle… it作形式宾语, 其句式结构为: 主语+ 谓语+ 形式宾语it + 宾补(形容词) + 真正的宾语 3. it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face…… it (this / that) +be + the 序数词time + that 从句…. (从句的谓语动词须用完成时态) [句型翻译]这是我第一次来思明. __________________________________________________ 4. Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on. with so many clothes on 是with 的复合结构作伴随状语 with + 宾语(名词/代词)+宾补(形容词/副词/介词短语/动词不定式/现在分词/过去分词) 5. tell him / her that he/she should have studied, so you don’t let him/her look at your paper. should have done 本应该做某事 →情态动词+ have done 表示对发生在过去的事情的推测, 猜测等 6. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.