四级语法
1．There was a large crowd of demonstrators ____ against the war.
A）protecting
B）preserving
C）protesting
D）prosecuting
2．I'm afraid I will have to ____her invitation to the party.
A）refuse
B）refute
C）ignore
D）decline
3．The coat I bought yesterday is not expensive at all．As a matter of fact, I would gladly have paid ____ for it.
A）as much twice
B）much as twice
C）as twice much
D）twice as much
4．He can't start the car because the battery has ____.
A）run up
B）run down
C）run over
D）run off
5．Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge ____ our thinking.
A）upon which to base
B）which to base upon
C）which to be based on
D）to base on which
6．This design is ____ that one.
A）more superior to
B）far superior than
C）more superior than
D）far superior to
7．I wondered what her ____ to the news would be.
A）impression
B）reaction
C）comment
D）opinion
8．She shouldn't have stood in a queue; she ____ her underground ticket from the machine.
A）has got
B）must have got
C）could have got
D）got
9．Don't worry．____ that you will be treated equally.
A）I'll look forward to it
B）I'll try my utmost
C）I'll be on the alert
D）I'll see to it
10．The workers agreed to ____ the strike if the company would satisfy their demand.
A）call off
B）call out
C）call to
D）call on
11．I'd rather you ____ so rudely to her.
A）don't speak
B）won't speak
C）should not speak
D）didn't speak
12．Today many kinds of electrical ____ are available, which has made housework much easier than before.
A）facilities
B）appliances
C）instruments
D）equipment
13．The author is going to ____ his play for television.
A）add
B）adopt
C）adapt D）adjust
14．____ for your help, I'd never have been able to achieve such a success.
A）If I had not been
B）Had it not been
C）If it were not
D）Had it not
15．With all its advantages, the computer is by no means without its ____.
A）boundaries
B）limitations
C）confinements
D）restraints
16．I'm afraid I can't ____ you ____; you'll have to go to a hotel.
A）put ...up
B）pick ..．up
C）pull ..．up
D）wake ..．up
17．The guests said that they wouldn't mind ____.
A）to have a little light music
B）having a little light music
C）have a little light music
D）if they have a little light music
18．Although this area is very poor just now, its ____ wealth is great.
A）previous
B）profound
C）potential
D）primary
19．He ran quickly to the classroom, two books ____ under his arm.
A）to be hold
B）held
C）were held
D）holding
20．We must try our best to lower the cost of our products．Otherwise the high cost will ____ our profit.
A）cut off
B）cut in
C）cut short
D）cut into
31．Harold is a good student, ____ his best subject.
A）as English
B）English as
C）being English
D）English being
32．They ____ through the woods talking about the current affairs.
A）wandered
B）strayed
C）rambled
D）wondered
33．Tom felt awfully sorry ____ her about his absence in the party.
A）about B）for
C）with D）on
34．We chose this flat for it is very ____ for my office.
A）suitable
B）comfortable
C）near
D）convenient
35．Chinese is the ____ language of most Chinese.
A）mother B）native
C）natural D）home
36．He has been ____ such a bad temper all day.
A）in B）on C）by D）at
37.While at home, she preferred ____
A）doing something to doing nothing
B）to do something rather do nothing
C）doing something rather do nothing
D）to do something to doing nothing
38．____she finds out that you've lost her dog?
A）What though B）What if
C）What about D）What ever
39．All the machines in the lab are ____ Miss White.
A）in charge of
B）in the charge of
C）under the charge of
D）under charge of
40．We agreed to you plan____, but we think it needs modification in some area.
A）in principal
B）on principal
C）in principle
D）on principle
：
1. 【答案】C
【详细解答】to protest against ... 意为“抗议，反对”。to protect ... (from ...) 意为“保护……（使之不受……）”。to preserve 意为“保护，防护，维护”。to prosecute 意为“对……起诉；进行，坚持下去”。
2. 【答案】D
【详细解答】decline 意为“婉谢，谢绝”，指对别人的邀请、帮助等比较委婉地回绝。refuse 意为“拒绝”，指对别人的要求、请求等比较直率的，有时比较不客气的拒绝。refute 意为驳斥，反驳。ignore 意为“忽视，忽略，不
3. 【答案】D
【详细解答】本句实际上隐含了一个又“as...as...”引导的比较状语从句。完整的句子是“I would gladly have paid twice as much as I paid for it”。当有表示倍数的词时，要放在“as...as...”比较级之前。
4. 【答案】B
【详细解答】run down 意为“（动力等）耗尽；（身体）衰弱，疲乏；（钟表）停了，(使)失灵”。run up 意为“升起（旗帜）；欠下（钱财）”。run over意为“撞倒，辗过”。run off意为“撵走，吓跑”。
5. 【答案】A
【试题分析】介词＋关系代词＋不定式作后置定语。
【详细解答】此句需要一个后置定语来修饰factual knowledge，根据句意应是base our thinking (upon) on factual knowledge，因此应使用“介词＋关系代词＋不定式”的结构作后置定语。
6. 【答案】D
【详细解答】superior 意为“优越的，优良的”，后接介词to，表示比较，单词本身没有比较级。通常在前面加“far”表示“比……好得多”。
7. 【答案】B
【详细解答】reaction 意为“对……的反应”。impression与on 搭配，表示“给……留下……印象”。comment 与on 搭配，表示“对……做出……评价”。opinion on意为“对……发表看法（意见）”。
8. 【答案】C
【试题分析】本题考察情态动词could 的完成式用法。
【详细解答】前半句用“shouldn't have done”的形式，表示“本不应该做……”；后半句则提供了另一种可能性，“本来可以……”，因为是过去可能做，而实际上未做的事情，故应使用could的完成式。
9. 【答案】D
【试题分析】see （to it ）that＋从句的用法。
【详细解答】see （to it ）that……意为“务必，留神，注意做到”。其他三个选项在结构上都不能接从句，在语义上，look forward to意为“希望，盼望”；try one's utmost 意为“竭尽全力”；be on the alert 意为“警惕，提防”。
10. 【答案】A
【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。
【详细解答】call off 意为“取消”。call out 意为“叫（请）出来；叫出（名字）”。call to 意为“向……喊”。call on 意为“号召，呼吁，要求”。
11. 【答案】D
【译文】我宁愿你不对她这么无礼。
【试题分析】would rather 后宾语从句的虚拟语气。
【详细解答】would rather 表示愿望，后接的宾语从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反的愿望时，用过去时；表示与过去事实相反的愿望时，用过去完成时。
12. 【答案】B
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】appliance 意为“器具，器械”，electrical appliance 意为“电器”。facility 意为“设备，设施”。instrument 意为“仪器”，尤指用于精致工作的工具或仪器。equipment 意为“设备，装备”。
13. 【答案】C
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】adapt意为“改编，翻改；使适应”。add 意为“增加，加强”。adopt意为“采纳，采取（态度）；收养”。adjust意为“调整，适应”。
14. 【答案】B
【译文】如果不是你的帮助，我永远都不会取得这样的成功。
【试题分析】本题测试虚拟条件句的倒装。
【详细解答】根据句意和时态，前半句应为“If it had not been for your help”。当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, had, should 时，可以省略if, 将were, had, should 移至主语的前面。
15. 【答案】B
【译文】虽然电脑有很多好处，但绝不是没有局限性。
【试题分析】同义词语辨析题。
【详细解答】limitation意为“限制，局限”。boundary 意为“边境线，分界线”。confinement意为“限制（在范围内），监禁”，。restraint意为“抑制，遏制，制止”，常接介词from。
16. 【答案】A
【译文】恐怕我不能给你提供住处，你得去住旅馆。
【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。
【详细解答】put ... up意为“留……住宿；举起；搭建”。pick ... up 意为“拾起，拿起；学会，学到”。pull ... up意为“使（车子）停下”。wake ... up意为“叫醒”。
17. 【答案】B
【译文】客人们说来一点轻音乐也好。
【试题分析】mind +动名词表示“介意，反对”。
【详细解答】mind 作“在乎，介意”讲时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，后面若有动词作宾语，要用动名词。
18. 【答案】C
【译文】虽然目前这一地区很贫穷，但它的潜在财富却是巨大的。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。
【详细解答】potential意为“潜在的”。previous 意为“以前的，从前的”。profound 意为“深奥的，博学的”。primary意为“初级的；主要的；基本的”。
19. 【答案】B
【译文】他胳膊下夹着两本书，飞快地向教室跑去。
【试题分析】独立主格结构作伴随状语。
【详细解答】由于句子前后以逗号隔开，没有连词，因此后半句只能是伴随状语，要使用名词＋分词的独立主格结构，此句中books是分词动作hold的承受者，故应使用过去分词。
20. 【答案】D
【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。
【详细解答】cut into意为“减少，降低；插嘴，打断”。cut off 意为“切断；隔绝，挡住；切下来”。cut in意为“插嘴，夹塞”。cut short意为“打断（谈话），中断（活动）”。
31. 【答案】D
【试题分析】本题主要考核考生对分词独立结构的了解和使用能力。
【详细解答】句中的English being his best subject 是分词独立结构，在句中起到补充说明的作用。
32．【答案】A
【试题分析】词义辨析
【详细解答】测验学生对几个动词近义词的辨认。wander指无目的地漫步；stray走失；ramble 闲逛、漫游；wonder迷惑。
33．【答案】B
【译文】他为自己没有参加晚会而感到很对不起她。
【试题分析】固定搭配
【详细解答】feel sorry for sb. about sth. 因为某事而对某人愧疚。
34．【答案】D
【译文】我们选择这套公寓是因为离我的公司很近。
【试题分析】固定搭配。
【详细解答】be convenient for sth. 对……而言很方便，在本句中指的是离得很近。suitable合适的，comfortable舒适的，near 近的，后面直接加名词。
35．【答案】B
【译文】汉语是大多数中国人的母语。
【试题分析】惯用语
【详细解答】母语，mother tongue 或native language, natural自然的，home 家（的）。
36．【答案】A
【详细解答】in a bad temper 脾气很坏。
37．【答案】A
【详细解答】prefer+名词或动名词A）+to+名词或动名词B)，表示喜欢A而不喜欢B。其他几个选项都有语法错误。
38．【答案】B
【详细解答】what if +从句表示推测会发生什么事情，what if +名词或名词短语表示征求对
方的意见，what though 后面的从句要用虚拟语气。
39．【答案】B
【译文】实验室里的所有机器都由怀特小姐负责。
【试题分析】固定搭配
【详细解答】sb. + be+in charge of sth.某人管理、负责某事，sth.+be+in the charge of sb.
某事由某人负责。本句的主语是物，所以选择B。
40．【答案】C
【译文】我们基本上同意你的计划，但是我们认为有些地方要做些改动。
【试题分析】固定搭配
【详细解答】in principle 基本上、原则上，principle 原则，principal 主要的
4. Only when you have obtained all the information about it ____ come to a sound judgment.
A) you can B) you will
C) would you D) can you D
只有当你得到关于它的所有信息后，才能得出合理的判断。倒装结构。“Only+状语（状语从句）”置于句首时，主句的主、谓语需采用部分倒装的结构。如果谓语中含有情态动词、助动词或动词be 时，只要将其移至主语前即可。
5. American women were ____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.
A) ignored B) neglected
C) denied D) refused C
美国妇女很长时间都未被赋予选举的权利，经过多年的斗争，直到1920年她们才争取到了这一权利。同义词语辨析题。deny sb. sth.表示“拒绝给予……”。ignore 意为“忽视，忽略，不理睬”。neglect 意为“疏忽，忽视”。refuse 意为“拒绝”
6. All ____ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
A) what is needed
B) the thing needed
C) which is needed
D) that is needed .D
全部所需要的就是对基本生活必需品的源源不断的供应。that 引导的限制性定语从句。All 后需要一个定语从句，而all后面的定语从句只能由that 引导，故选D。
7. The factory has ____several workers because of the drop in sales.
A) laid off B) laid out
C) laid aside D) laid down .A
由于销售量下降，这家工厂已经解雇了一些工人。动词短语辨析题。lay off意为“解雇”。lay out 意为“设计，布局；花费，使用”。lay aside意为“放在一边”。lay down意为“放下；规定，说明”。
8. There were no tickets ____ for Friday's performance.
A) applicable B) approachable
C) attainable D) available D
星期五的演出已经没有票了。词语辨析题。available意为“可以得到的，可供利用（使用）的”。applicable 意为“适用的，有效的”。approachable意为“可以到达的，容易接近的”。attainable意为“可以达到的
9. There was a traffic jam; otherwise I ____ here on time.
A) would be B) had been
C) should be D) would have been
9.D
我遇到交通堵塞了，否则我会按时到这的。隐含的虚拟条件句。此题中前半句是一个陈述句，后半句中otherwise相当于一个虚拟的条件从句“If the traffic had not been very busy”，是对过去的情况的一个假设，因此主句中的谓语要用“would have done”的形式。
高中英语语法系统全解【珍藏版】
高中英语语法系统全解 第一章动词时态 在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这就叫做动词的时态。一、一般时 一般时包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和一般过去将来时。 A.一般现在时 1．一般现在时的构成 一般现在时主要用动词原形来表示。主语是第三人称单数时，动词后面要加-s 或-es。 They want good jobs. 他们想要好的工作。 The coat matches the dress. 外衣和裙子很相配。 This work does not satisfy me. 这项工作我不满意。 Do you understand? 你懂了吗? 2．一般现在时的用法 ①一般现在时的基本用法 a. 表示现在习惯性的动作或存在状态 He always takes a walk after supper. 晚饭后他总是散散步。 Everyone is in high spirits now. 现在大家都情绪高涨。 b. 表示客观事实或普遍真理 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起在西方落下。 Sound travels faster through water than it does through air. 声音在水中的传播速度要比在空气中快。
Time and tide wait for no man. 时间不等人。 c. 表示主语的特征、能力和状态 This cloth feels soft. 这布摸上去很软。 I love classical music. 我喜欢古典音乐。 The President still seems able to find time to go fishing. 看来总统仍能有时间去钓鱼。 d. 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作 The meeting begins at 7:00. 会议七点钟开始。 We leave here at 8:00 sharp. 我们八点整离开这里。 e. 在时间、条件、让步状语从句中表示将来动作 When you come next time, bring me some magazines. 你下次来时，给我带几本杂志。 If time allows, we shall go there tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话，我们明天去那里。 Whether he agrees or not, I will stay at home. 不管他同意与否，我都会待在家里。 ②一般现在时的特殊用法 a. 用于新闻标题或图片说明中 China Declares Manned Spaceflight Successful 中国宣布载人航天飞行圆满成功 Laura Bush Arrives in Moscow 劳拉·布什抵达莫斯科 b. 用于体育运动、表演等实况报道中 Francis slips past, passes the ball to Yao Ming, who jumps, catches and shoots it into the basket.
英语四级考试重点语法精选汇总
大学英语四级语法精要 一、动词(时态，语态，用法，省略，一致性等) （一）时态 1、主动形式 过去现在将来过去将来一般did do will/shall do should/would do 进行was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing / 完成had done have/has done will/shall have done should/would have done 用于虚拟语气完成进行had been doing have/has been doing / / 2、被动形式 过去现在将来过去将来 一般was/were given am/is/are given Will / shall be given should/would be given 进行was/were being given am/is/are being given / / 完成was/were being given am/is/are being given / / 完成进行/ / / / · CET-4 常考的三种时态：过去完成时；将来完成时；（现在/过去）完成进行时。 ·时间状语从句当中的时态： 一般过去时所有的过去 用一般现在时表示现在和将来 现在完成时现在完成和将来完成 3、现在完成进行时态(have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束. · I’ve been writing letters for an hour. I’ve bee n sitting in the garden. 4、过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作 · We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came. 5、将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作. · By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years. 6、将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发生的事. · I shall have finished this one before lunch. They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October. （二）语态 1、可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如: · He was said to be jealous of her success. It was said that he was jealous of her success. ·能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”，“相信”等意义的动词，常见的
英语专业四级语法重点汇总
English英语专八专四学习复习资料 英语专四语法重点汇总 版权所有，违者必究，未经协议授权,禁止下载使用。 注：如恶意泄漏该资料，或通过该资料作为任何盈利的手段，作者有权追究其法律责任。 本资料为过来人的考试经验所整理，也需结合其他复习书籍一起备考哦 这份资料集结历年专四的考试重点，按考试经验已经过筛选 一、非谓语动词的主要考点 1. 有些典型动词后面可以接上不定式或动名词来做宾语的，但是在意思上是有区别的，主要常考到的动词罗列如下： mean to do想要（做某事）VS mean doing意味（做某事）propose to do 打算（做某事）VS propose doing建议（做某事）forget to do忘记（要做的事）VS forget doing忘记（已做的事）remember to do记得（要做某事）VS remember doing记得（做过）go on to do继而（做另一件事）VS go on doing继续（做原来的事）stop to do停下来去做另一件事VS stop doing停止正在做的事regret to do（对将要做的事）遗憾VS regret doing（对已做过的事）后悔 2. 不定式的习惯用法 典型句型整理如下： 如：“cannot help but do”——“不得不做某事” 如：“cannot but do”——“不禁做某事” 如：“cannot choose but do”——“不由自主地做某事” 如：“can do nothing but do”——“不能不做某事”
如：“have no choice but to do”——“只能做某事” 如：“have no alternative but to do”——“只能做某事” 例句：The boy cannot help but be greatly influenced by the useful instruction given by his family tutor. When I start my job career, I cannot choose but look back upon the beautiful days I spent on campus. 3. 动名词的习惯用法 典型动名词的习惯句型整理罗列如下： 如：be busy/active doing sth. 如：It’s no good/use doing sth. 如：spend/waste time doing sth. 如：have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth. 如：have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth. 如：There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth. 例句： There is no use crying over spilt milk.（典型例句） 牛奶洒了，哭也没用；后悔是没有用的；覆水难受 I really have problem solving these mathematic questions since I am not major in science after all.
英语四级语法全
四级语法 一：时态：所谓的"时态"，就是时间+状态。谓语动词的时态见下表： 1．主动形式 过去 现在 将来 过去将来 2．被动形式 过去 现在 将来 过去将来 时。 时间状语从句当中的时态： 一般过去时 所有的过去 用 一般现在时 表示 现在和将来 现在完成时 现在完成和将来完成 一．非谓语动词 一．不定式： 一）不定式的常考形式： 一般 did do will/shall do should/would do 进行 was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing / 完成 had done have/has done will/shall have done should/would have done 用于虚拟语气 完成进行 had been doing have/has been doing / / 一般 was/were given am/is/are given will/shall be given should/would be given 进行 was/were being given am/is/are being given / / 完成 had been given have/has been given will/shall have been given should/would have been given 完成进行 / / /
1)一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能：表示与谓语动词同步发生 2)完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点： 1）不定式做定语----将要发生 2）不定式做状语----目的 3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe. 三)不定式的省略 1)感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性； + doing表示动作的连续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作） 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable. 2) 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原to I ‘d like to have John do it. I have my package weighed. Paul doesn’t have t o be made to learn. 3) help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do 四)有些动词后只跟不定式如： want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do 五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式 accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to.
四级语法知识点总结(下)
四级语法知识点总结 一：时态：所谓的"时态"，就是时间+状态。谓语动词的时态见下表： 1．主动形式 2．被动形式 时间状语从句当中的时态： 一般过去时 所有的过去 | 用 一般现在时 表示 现在和将来 现在完成时 现在完成和将来完成 ' 过去 现在 将来 过去将来 一般 did do ~ will/shall do should/would do 进行 was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing / ？ 完成 had done have/has done will/shall have done should/would have done 用于虚拟语 气 完成进行 had been doing … have/has been doing / / 过去 【 现在 将来 过去将来 一般 was/were given am/is/are given will/shall be given \ should/would be given 进行 was/were being given am/is/are being given / / 完成 ' had been given have/has been given will/shall have been given should/would have been given 完成进行 / / - /
二：非谓语动词 1．不定式： 一）不定式的常考形式： 1)一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. ~ 被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能：表示与谓语动词同步发生 2)完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点： 1）不定式做定语----将要发生 … 2）不定式做状语----目的 3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe. 三)不定式的省略 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do表示动作的完整性，真实性； + doing表示动作的连续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. \ 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作） 感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable. 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原to I ‘d like to have John do it. I have my package weighed. . Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn. help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do 四)有些动词后只跟不定式如： want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do ！ 五) 有的时候to后面要接-ing形式 accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to. 2. 动名词：具有动作性特征的名词 1)是名词 seeing is believing 2)具有动词性特征可以带宾语 starving troops is necessary. 一)动名词的形式: （ 一般形式：I don't like you smoking.
四级语法题讲解
Year 2011 Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRET? A The city is now ten times its original size. B I wish I had two times his strength.* C The seller asked for double the usual price. D They come here four times every year. 解析：本题考查的是倍数表达法。答案是B。在英语中，两倍的表达是twice，三倍以上才是three，four，five…times。 Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object? A What do you think has happened to her? B Who do you think the visiting professor is? C How much do you think he earns every month?* D How quickly would you say he would come? The phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the -ING particle is used ______. A as a command B as a condition C for concession D for emphasis* Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主语从句)? A We are quite certain that we will get there in time. B He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year. C She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning. D It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.* In the sentence "The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning", the italicized word is used to modify _______. A the object B the verb C the subject* D the prepositional phrase The sentence that expresses OFFER is A I'll get some drinks. What'll you have?* B Does she need to book a ticket now? C May I know your name? D Can you return the book next week? Which of the following italicized phrase indicate a subject-predicate relation （主谓关系）? A . Smith's passport has been issued. B The visitor's arrival was reported in the news.* C John's travel details have not been finalized.
四级语法知识点总结
四级语法知识点总结 一：时态：所谓的"时态"，就是时间+状态。谓语动词的时态见下表： 1．主动形式 2．被动形式 CET-4 常考的三种时态：过去完成时；将来完成时；（现在/过去）完成进行时。 时间状语从句当中的时态： 一般过去时 所有的过去 用 一般现在时 表示 现在和将来 现在完成时 现在完成和将来完成 过去 现在 将来 过去将来 一般 did do will/shall do should/would do 进行 was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing / 完成 had done have/has done will/shall have done should/would have done 用于虚拟语气 完成进行 had been doing have/has been doing / / 过去 现在 将来 过去将来 一般 was/were given am/is/are given will/shall be given should/would be given 进行 was/were being given am/is/are being given / / 完成 had been given have/has been given will/shall have been given should/would have been given 完成进行 / / /
二：非谓语动词 1．不定式： 一）不定式的常考形式： 1)一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others. 被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do. 语法功能：表示与谓语动词同步发生 2)完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me. 被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages. 语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前 二）不定式常考的考点： 1）不定式做定语----将要发生 2）不定式做状语----目的 3）不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe. 三)不定式的省略 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性； + doing表示动作的连续性，进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday. 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable. 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原to I ‘d like to have John do it. I have my package weighed. Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn. help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do 四)有些动词后只跟不定式如： want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do
四级重要语法
一be about to-V - be on the point of doing sth；just going to do sth"即将，就要"：Her father is about to retire．她即即将退休。As was about to say when you interrupted me．我正要张口说话时你打断了我。（注：about to后面跟不定式，而且常与when从句搭配使用） 二all but - 1." all but十形容词（或用在谓语动词前）"= very nearly；almost几乎，差不多； 三 2."all but+名词"= all except "除……外都"：Crows all but destroyed a farmer's field of corn.群鸦几乎吃光了一位农夫的玉米地。The hikers were exhausted and all but frozen when they were found．那些徒步旅行者疲惫不堪，被人们发现时都几乎冻僵了。all but John were present．除约翰外，其他人都到了。（注：all but作"几乎"解时可修饰作表语的形容词或过去分词；也可作状语修饰谓语动词。） 四for all--- in spite of "尽管"：He did not do well in the race，for all his training.尽管他进行了很多训练，但他的赛跑成绩并不很理想。For all his money，he was very unhappy．尽管他有不少钱，但他并不很幸福。五alternative n．----"选择，替代办法"，注意下面成语的习惯用法："have no alternative but to do""没有别的选择，只好"：There's no alternative but to fight．"除了战斗以外，没有别的选择"。I had no alternative but to walk out．我没有别的办法，只有走出去。 六and ----用在省略if的特殊条件句中：Five minutes earlier，we could have caught the last train．a．and b．but c．or d．so（答案a．CET－4'93／6．译文：再早5分钟，我们就可能赶上最后一趟火车了。）Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______ advertisements showing happy, balanced families. a. are often seeing b. will often see c. often see d. have often seen（答案b．CET－4'95／6．译文：只要打开电视机或翻开一本杂志，你常常可以看到排列整齐的全家福广告照片。） 七anything but - not at all；far from"根本不，一点不"，作表语，but后面可以跟名词、形容词或过去分词：He's anything but lazy/a hero. 他一点不懒/根本不是个英雄。The bridge is anything but safe/finished.这座桥一点不安全／离完工还差得很远。Alone in a deserted house，he was so busy with his research work that he felt _______ lonely．a．nothing but b．anything but c．all but d．everything but（答案b．考研'90．译文：他一个人在一所房子里搞研究工作，一点也不感到寂寞。） 八as（四级考试频度很大的几个用法） 1.引导让步状语从句（通常可以用though替换），使用下面句型：1）"形容词／副词十as＋主语十谓语：Young as I am，I know some of the family secrets．尽管我还很小，但我了解一些家庭秘密。Much as like her，I will not marry her．虽然我很喜欢她，但我并不想与她结婚。Some members of the staff couldn't handle the case，hard as they tried．一些职员不管怎么想办法也解决不了这个问题。2）"原形动词十as十主语十may／might／will／would"：Try as he would，he could not lift the rock．不管他用多大劲也举不起那块石头。There was not a soul to be found in the house，search as they would．不管他们怎么寻找，房子里也找不到一个人。 2.作关系代词，使用下面句型：1）"such…as"（as在此接近于who/that/which）：Such women as Tom knew thought he was charming.汤姆认识的那些妇女都认为他长得很迷人。I never heard such stories as he tells.我从未听说过他讲的那些故事。He never hesitates to make such criticisms as are considered helpful to others．只要对别人有帮助，他从不犹豫提出这类批评。It wasn't such a good dinner she had promised us．a．that b．which c．as d．what（答案c．CET－4'90／1．译文：它并不是像她承诺我们的那样一顿美餐。）2）用在"the same…as"句型中：He doesn't believe the same things as you do．他不相信你相信的那些东西。（注：as的这一用法在OALD词典中被当作连词，但在张道真教授编的《现代英语用法词典》（重排本）P70中被当作关系代词，似乎后者更合理、更好理解些。） 3．用在"as＋be动词十表语"从句中，表不"正如"：He is absent，as is often the case．他正如通常那样又缺席了。Freddie，as might be expected，was attending the conference．正如可能预料的那样，弗雷迪当时正在出席会议。As was expected，he performed the task with success．正如预料的那样，他成功地完成了任务。______ is known to the world，Mark Twain is a great American writer. a．That b．Which c．As d．It（答案c．CET －4'93／6．译文：正如世人所知，马克?吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。_____ is generally accepted，economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production．a．What b．That c．It d．As（答案d．考研'95．译
英语专业四级语法汇总解析
英语专业四级语法汇总 语法回顾篇： 专四语法考点虚拟语气、情态动词、非谓语动词、复合句、倒装、小语法（省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词）、as 的特殊用法。 专四英语语法考点串讲之一虚拟语气 一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意(十考点及两备考点） 考点1. 与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词用did (be用were)， 主句谓语动词would (should, could, might)+do； 考点2. 与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词用had done， 主句谓语动词用would(should, could, might)+ have done； 例如： 43. I _________the party much more if there hadn’t been quite such a crowd of people there. A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyed C. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying KEY: C 49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _________ quite such a crowd of people there. A. weren’t B. hasn’t been C. hadn’t been D. wouldn’t KEY: C 考点3.与将来事实相反， 从句谓语动词用：did (should + do或were + to do)， 主句谓语动词用：would (should, could, might)+do。
四级语法知识点总结(上)
四级语法知识点总结 一:时态:所谓得"时态",就就是时间+状态。谓语动词得时态见下表: 1.主动形式 2.被动形式 :过去完成时;将来完成时;(现在/过去)完成进行时。 ? 时间状语从句当中得时态: 一般过去时 所有得过去 用 一般现在时 表示 现在与将来 现在完成时 现在完成与将来完成 二:非谓语动词 1.不定式: 一)不定式得常考形式: 1) 一般形式:He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others 、 被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do 、
语法功能: 表示与谓语动词同步发生 2)完成形式:He pretended not to have seen me、 被动形式:The book is said to have been translated into many languages、 语法功能:表示发生在谓语动词之前 二)不定式常考得考点: 1)不定式做定语将要发生 2)不定式做状语目得 3)不定式充当名词功能To see is to believe、 三)不定式得省略 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作得完整性,真实性; + doing表示动作得连续性,进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday、 昨天我瞧见她在花园里干活了。(强调"我瞧见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday、 昨天我见她正在花园里干活。(强调"我见她正干活"这个动作) ?感官动词后面接形容词而不就是副词:The cake tastes good; It feels fortable、 使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原to I ‘d like to have John do it、 I have my package weighed、 Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn、 help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do 四)有些动词后只跟不定式如: want,wish,hope,manage,promise,refuse,pretend,plan, offer,decide,agree,expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do force sb to do、 be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do be ambitious to do、 begin to do 、 start to do 五) 有得时候to后面要接ing形式 accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to、
系统学习英语语法的好书
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