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【必背!】六级写作主题词库

EDUCATION

1传授知识impart(vt.)/inculcate(vt.) knowledge

灌输高尚的道德观instill(vt.) high moral values (注意values复数表示价值观)

给学生以动力give the students motivation to do sth.

Motivate the students to do sth.

给学生以灵感stimulate the students’ thought

give the students inspiration

培养（某种素质）cultivate/foster/nurture(vts.)

促进学生身心的发展

promote the student’s physcial/mental/ intellectual and emotional development

心理健康psychological soundness/ well-being/welfare(adjs)

塑造某人的性格mould(BrE,vt) one’s character

责任感 a sense of obligation

能力(先天获得) aptitude/talent

能力（后天学习得到）ability/skill

2学生接受的学校教育（n）schooling(n)

儿童接受的家庭教育（n）upbringing(n) parenting(n)

教学法methodology/pedagogical methodology

用填鸭式教学来教育学生force-feed(vt.) the students

学生不应该只是被动的接受简单知识的容器

Students should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas

死记硬背learn things by rote

为了记忆而记忆memorise(BrE) for memorisation’s own sake

以及方程式，公式，定理，定律memorise(vt.) equations, formulas, theorems and laws(nouns)应用apply

盲从follow something blindly/indiscriminately(advs)

限制创造力的发展extinguish(vt.)/stifle(vt.)/constrain(vt.) creativity(noun)

打击学生的积极性dampen/sap(vts) the students’ enthusiasm/

frustrate the students

产生不必要的压力beget/create undue pressure

3把学生分开教育（如根据课堂上的表现）segregate(vt.) students

来自于其他同学的压力peer pressure

适应（v）adapt to sth./adjust oneself to sth./become accustomed to sth.

适应能力adaptability

逆境adverse circumstances/adversity

团队精神team spirit(n)

独立思考thing independently(adv)

在理解的基础上学习learn things through understanding

鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题encourage students to think critically(adv)

学生的反馈students’ feedback/input

学生评价老师的教学students appraise/evaluate(vts) their teachers’ performance

学生对老师所教知识的掌握students’ grasp/command(n) of what has been taught

4学生学习的各门功课加在一起称为curriculum(n)

具体一门课叫syllabus

课外活动叫extra-curricular activities

学校是社会的缩影 a school is society in miniature

不遵守纪律(n) indiscipline/misbehavior/mischief(n)

不遵守纪律(daj)的学生disruptive/unruly students

5理论知识theoretical knowledge

就业技能employable/marketable skills

通才generalist

专才specialist

全面发展的well-rounded/versatile(adj)

为社会健康发展作贡献contribute to societal(adj) well-being(n)/welfare(n)

6大学学科的分类可以分为人文学科（文学，历史语言学等）humanities 社会学科（政治经济学社会学的）social sciences

艺术（音乐雕塑等）arts

文科也可以总称为liberal arts/ liberal studies

理科（物理化学生物学等）sciences

工科（工程自动化等）engineering

大学里任何一个学科都有可以叫discipline

基础科学basic sciences

应用科学applied sciences

小学教育primary-level education

中学教育secondary-level education

大学教育tertiary-level education

职业教育vocational education/training

青少年（复数）youths/youngsters/adolescents

Technology

1生物技术biotechnology

克隆cloning (n) clone(v)

远程通讯telecommunications(n)

尖端的技术cutting-edge(adj) technology

信息爆炸information explosion/overload

信息时代the information age/era

互联网被广泛的应用the proliferation(n) of the Internet

太空探索（n）space exploration

一个人的基因构成one’s genetic makeup/ one’s DNA programming

2科技创新与发展technological innovations/inventions/advances/progression(n)提高效率augment/enhance/boost(vts) efficiency

提高生产效率augment/enhance/boots productivity

减少人力的机器（计算机发明之前的技术）labor-saving machinery

取代人力的机器（计算机发明之后的技术）labor-replacing machinery

自动化automation(n)/ automated(adj)

3彻底变革transform/revolutionise(vts)/ fundamentally change sth.

以一种史无前例的速度向前发展advance/progress(vis) at an unprecedented(adj) rate 如果要说以一种让人震惊的速度向前发展，只要把unprecedented改成astonishing

如果要说正以一种很快的速度向前发展sth is advancing by leaps and bounds

产生深远的影响create/produce/generate/breed/spawn(vts)/result in/lead to/

profound(adj)/far-reaching(adj)/pervasive(adj)

influence/impact/bearing/implications/repercussions(n)

Media

1侵犯隐私violate/intrude on/infringe on someone’s privacy

破坏某人的名誉tarnish/sully/smear/besmirch(vts) one’s reputation

狗仔队paparazzi(复数名词不再加s)

新闻界the press

印刷媒体（如报纸杂志）the print media

报道新闻的机构news outlets

电子媒体the electronic media

名人 a celebrity/celebrities(plu)

时事current affairs

丑闻scandals

无处不在prevalent/ubiquitous/pervasive(adj)

2审查censor(vt)

删除delete/eliminate/excise(vts)

过多的暴力与色情内容excessive/gratuitous violent and pornographic(adjs) contents 报道非常详尽的细节report sth. In graphic detail

媒体炒作（n）media hype

有误导性的misleading/misrepresented/distorted(adjs)

诈骗性的fraudulent(adj)

虚假的false/bogus(adjs)

夸大事实exaggerate(vt) things/sensationalise(vt) things/blow things out of all proportions(最后一个比较口语用作文也可以)

充斥着be awash with/be inundated with/be saturated with sth.

掩盖（丑闻或罪行等）cover up/gloss over/whitewash

不客观的，不公正的biased/skewed/unobjective(adjs)

3如实的报道factual accounts(n)

可信的reliable/trustworthy/dependable

客观公正的objective and balanced(adjs)

及时的up-to-the-minute(adj)/up-to-date(adj)前者比后者更加及时

信息量大的informative

娱乐性强的entertaining(adj)

有新闻价值的newsworthy(adj)

监督scrutiny(n)/scrutinize(vt)/monitor(vt)

揭露expose/reveal(vts)

道德准则（n）code of ethics/code of conduct

Government

1当局authorities(n)

老百姓citizens/the citizenry

规范，管理regulate/administer/overse(vts)

实施implement(vt)

立法legislate(vi)/make laws

民主与开放的政府 a democratic and progressive government

严禁(v) strictly prohibit/ban altogether

严格的法律stringent laws/legislation

规章制度rules and regulations

2为。。。拨款allocate money to sth./subsidise(vt)/be a patron of/invest

in/finance(vt)/fund(vt)/dedicate money to sth.

预算budget

税收tax revenue(n)

政府在某方面的开支（n）他和government spending/expenditure on sth.

削减（v）curtail(vt)

增加augment(vt)

当务之急（n）priority

把。。。当成当务之急give priority to sth.

责任（n）responsibility/obligation

人道主义救援humanitarian(adj) aid (n)

管理administer/regulate

2军备竞赛arms race(n)

自卫self-defence(BrE,n)

国土安全expansion/aggression(n)

谋求霸权seek/pursue(vts) hegemony(n)

恶性循环 a vicious circle(n)

地区不稳定因素destabilizing factors

太空竞赛space race(n)

武器weapons/arms/armaments(n)

下岗工人laid-off workers/downsized workers

失业（n）unemployment/joblessness

3基础设施infrastructure比如

公共交通系统public transport system(BrE)

电网power grid

石油和天然气管道pipelines

给排水系统water supply and drainage system

Language & Culture

1一种可以通用的语言 a lingua franca/a universal language/a global language

英语被广泛使用the proliferation(n) of English

英语的统治地位the dominant role/the ascendancy/the hegemony of English

方言dialect(n)/vernacular/the indigenous language

小语种将会消亡lesser-known language wll become extinct/obsolete(adjs)

小语种的消亡（n）the extinct/demise of lesser-known languages

2文化遗产包括有形和无形的两种有形的如历史遗址，无形的如风俗习惯仪式传统道德观念等cultural heritage can be divided into two groups: tangible cultural heritage, such as historic sites and intangible cultural heritage, such as customs, rites, rituals and mores, etc.

保护preserve (vt)

祖先forefathers/ancestors

后代descendants/posterity后面一个是不可数名词

3少数民族ethnic minorities

民族团结the harmony(n) between ethnic groups/races

文化融合cultural integration and synthesis(n)

互相影响interaction

文化多元性cultural diversity

丰富（v）enrich(vt)

狭隘的观念insular/provincial/parochial(adjs)/parochial(adjs) mentality

贬低（v）deprecate/denigrate/minimize(vts) the importance of /disparage/trivialize/discredit(vts)。。。不是一成不变的sth. is not set/carved in stone

Development

1生活节奏加速the tempo/pace of life has accelerated

疲劳fatigue(n)

抑郁症depression

失眠sleeplessness/sleep-deprivation/insomnia(n)

导致人与人之间疏远create（vt）alienation(n) between people

过于功利的materialistic/mercenary/money-worshipping(adjs)

追求最大限度利润pursue(vt) maximum profit

交通堵塞traffic jams/traffic congestions/gridlock最后一个是不可数名词

阻碍(v) impede/hinder/hamper/obstruct/inhibit(vts)

让人担心的worrying/worrisome/disturbing/disquieting/disconcerting(adjs)

危害，破坏（v）undermine/spoil/do a disservice to sth/ ruin/ imperil/ endanger/ jeopardise(BrE)都是vts 危害，破坏（n）harm/damage/destruction/devastation

恶化（v）worsen(vi,vt)/deteriorate(vi)

导致某种问题更加恶化amplify(vt)/magnify(vt)/ecacerbate(vt)/aggravate(vt) a problem 缓解ease/alleviate/mitigate(vts)

2有特殊审美价值的老房子old building of special aesthetic value（注意审美观的说法是aesthetic values复数）

有特殊历史意义的老房子building of historic significance

居民vernacular dwellings

让城市更美观beautify(vt) the cities/better(vt) the cityscape

破旧的（房子）decrepit/rundown/rickety/dilapidated(adjs)

拆除tear down a building/demolish a building/raze a building/knock down a building 高楼high-rise buildings

摩天楼skyscrapers

城市化unbanisation(n)

城乡差距the disparity(n) between the city and the countryside

城市的urban

乡村的rural

搬迁relocate(vi,vt)

3在家上班（v）telecommute(vi)

休闲leisure/recreation(n0

精神上的享受（n）amusement and enjoyment(n)

娱乐entertainment/diversion

宽松的管理(n) laissez-faire management(n)

运营成本（n）operating costs/overhead cost

雇用（v）recruit(vt)

会导致效率降低的（adj）counterproductive

劳动力资源labour(BrE) pool

4人口爆炸population explosion(n)/population boom

控制人口birth control/family planning

贫穷的needy/poverty-stricken/impoverished/deprived/destitude/indigent

富裕的affluent/wealthy/well-off

爱慕虚荣的pretentious/ostentatious(adjs)

缺少运动的生活方式sedentary(adj) lifestyle

营养过剩overnourishment(n)

扶贫poverty alleviation(n)

Globalistaion

（国家或者地区的）文化特性(national or regional) cultural identity

全球文化同一化过程(n,即地区文化特征消失) global cultural homogenization(n)文化同一性（或叫文化均质性）cultural homogeneity/cultural uniformity

全球化是一把双刃剑Globalisation is a two-edged sword

地球村the global village

席卷一切的潮流sweeping trends

有机结合东西方文化synthesize the Asian and Western culture

侵蚀erode(v)

普遍的universal(adj)

Women & Families

1两性平等gender equality

性别歧视sexism/gender discrimination

一个开明的社会 a progressive/enlightened society

2被家务事拖累be tied down by household chores

生育孩子child bearing(n)

抚养孩子child rearing(n)

母性的本能maternal instinct

家务housework/household chores

抚养子女的方式parenting

代沟generation gap/disparity

性格冲突personality clashes

3老年人elderly people/senior citizens

青少年adolescents/youngsters

家庭成员间的情感纽带family bonds/family ties

归属感 a sense of belonging

对。。。依恋（n）an attachment to sth/an affinity for sth

贫穷的家庭deprived family

富裕的家庭affluent families

家庭的培养upbringing

4虐待mistreat/abuse(vts)

家庭暴力domestic violence

毒品上瘾(n) addiction to drugs/ be addicted(adjs) to drugs

单亲家庭single-parent households

濒于破裂或已经破裂的家庭broken families/dysfunctional households

挽救salvage(vt)

Tourism

1旅游景点tourist attractions/tourist spots/places of interest

开阔眼界push back/expand one’s vision/horizons

游客与当地人的互动tourists can interact with the locals

促进文化交流promote cultural communication

吸引draw/attract/appeal to (vts)/be a magnet for somebody

亲身体验(n) first-hand experience

多种感官体验的（如听觉，触觉等）multi-sensory(adj)

相互了解mutual understanding

2把游客和当地人隔离seclude/isolate(vts) the tourist from the locals 商业化commercialise/commodity(vts)

欺骗游客的手段tourist traps

冲突conflict(n,vi+with)

争端(n) discord/dissension

间接体验（如通过电视或互联网n）second-hand experience/vicarious experience 文化遗产cultural heritage

互联网不会让旅游业过时the Internet will not render tourism obsolete

Environment

1生态系统ecosystem/ecological system

某一地区所有植物的总称the flora(n)

某一地区所有动物的总称the fauna(n)

某一地区所有生物的总称the wildlife in a region/the biota(flora + fauna) of a region

生物多样性biodiversity(n)

生态平衡ecological balance/ecological equilibrium(n)

2可持续发展sustainable development

环保主义者environmentalist/conservationists

对环境无害的environmentally-friendly (adj)

节约使用conserve(vt)

保护preserve

再利用reuse/recycle

3肥沃的土壤fertile soil

贫瘠的土壤infertile soil

耕地（n）arable land/farmland

增加农产品产量boost crop yield

开采自然资源exploit natural resources

4短缺（n）shortage/scarcity/dearth/lack

5消耗（某种资源）consume/deplete(vts)

用尽（某种资源）use up/exhaust(vts)

给资源造成很大压力put a strain on the already stretched resources

破坏自然资源wreak(vt) havoc(n) on natural resources

臭氧层ozone layer

砍伐森林deforestation(n)

污染pollute/contaminate(vts)

有毒的poisonous/toxic(adjs)

污水effluent/sewage

排放discharge

温室效应greenhouse effect/global warming

严重的severe/grave/grievous(adjs)

白色污染产生的垃圾non-biodegradable garbage/wastes that cannot decompose or

breakdown/inorganic trash

恶化deteriorate/aggravate前者为自身恶化，后者为被恶化

6可再生资源renewable resources

不可再生资源non-renewable resources(包括金属metals,矿产minerals,石油petroleum,天然气natural gas,煤coal,等后三种可总称为fossil fuels)

7各国必须携手解决环境问题countries on this planet must join forces/makes a concerted

effort/unite(vi) to combat/tackle/resolve/address(vts) environmental

problems

谴责而不是纵容condemn rather than condone(vts) sth

严厉的措施harsh action/measures

增强公众关于。。。的意识raise/elevate the public awareness of sth

Crime

触犯法律break/violate/flout/disobey the law

犯罪commit a crime

罪行offences(BrE)/crimes/criminal acts

罪犯criminal/offender/culprit.perpetrator

从犯accomplice/accessory(n)/convicts(n)后者指帮助犯罪但为直接参与的人受害者victim(n)

心理创伤trauma(n)

憎恨社会resent society/hold a grudge against society

囚犯inmate/convicts(n)

牢房cell

监禁(v) imprison/incarcerate(vts) someone

教育罪犯educate/edify(vts) criminals

宽容的lenient(adj)

改造罪犯reform/rehabilitate criminals

执法部门law enforcement agencies

重罪heinous crimes/flagitious crime/felony(n)

轻罪petty crime/misdemeanour(BrE)

初犯的人first-time offender

惯犯hardened criminals/repeat criminals

遏制猖獗的犯罪curb/halt/check(vts) the rampant(adj) crimes

再次犯罪(v) revert(vi) to crime

再次犯罪(n) recidivism

守法的公民law-abiding citizens

遵守法律abide by/comply with the law

无视…(v) disregard

给某人造成心理创伤traumatise(vt) someone

抓捕track down/hunt down/capture(vt)

有预谋的犯罪premeditated crime

犯罪倾向(n) criminal tendency

Animal

动物实验animal experiments

被绳之以法be brought to justice

动物权益保护主义animal rights activists

医学研究medical research

残忍的cruel/merciless/inhuman/callous/brutal(adjs)

活体揭破vivisection

麻醉anaesthetic(BrE,n)

减轻动物的痛苦alleviate/ease(vts) animals’ pain

宠物是主人的伙伴pets are companions of their masters

给主人心理安慰afford their masters consolation and comfort(n)

偷猎poach(vi,vt)/poaching(n)

某一种事物是没有替代物的there are no replacements/substitutes/alternatives(单数去s) for sth 认为动物和人类相同的感官的观点(n) anthropomorphism

濒危动物endangered species

四六级写作常用词汇

1、方便：convenient/convenience 2、效率：efficient/efficiently/efficiency 3、节省和浪费：save time/money/space; economical, thrift ,waste time/money/space; costly, lavish 4：人的心理健康：independent, cooperative, competitive, considerate, confident, creative, sociable, perseverant; selfish, isolated, conservative 5、人的身体健康：health, disease, strong, strength, energetic 6、娱乐：colorful, pleasure, joy, recreation, entertainment, relax, tired, boring, lonely 7、环境：environment, pollute, poisonous, dirty 8、安全和危险：safe, danger, risk 9. 经验：experience, social experience, enter the society 10. 人际：humane, fair, unfair, help, assist, freedom, freely 11. 网络: the net / the Internet / the web / the virtual world / the electronic world / the cyber world 12. 地球: earth / the Planet earth / our Mother Planet / global village 13. 电脑: the computer / the machine / the device 14. 校园: the campus / the Ivory Tower / the relatively isolated place 15. 社会: the society / the real world 16. 中国: China / the Middle Kingdom / this ancient country 17. 随着...的发展: As... evolves

英语六级翻译必备词汇——中国文化

英语六级翻译必备词汇——中国文化来源：文都图书自从四六级改革以后，翻译就由之前的部分句子汉译英变成了整段的汉译英，这对于考生来说难度确实加大不少。新翻译涉及到社会、经济、历史、文化等等，这就要求大家在这些方面多加注意并积累。文都在这里给大家总结了一些有关中国文化的必备词。火药gunpowder 印刷术printing 造纸术paper-making 指南针the compass 《三字经》The Three-Word Chant 《三国演义》Three Kingdoms 《西游记》Journey to the West; 《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions 中国画traditional Chinese painting 书法calligraphy 水墨画Chinese brush painting; 中国结Chinese knot 旗袍Cheongsam 京剧人物脸谱Peking Opera Mask 相声comic crosstalk

皮影戏shadow play; 说书story-telling 武术martial art 阳历solarcalendar 阴历lunarcalendar 剪纸：Paper Cutting 书法：Calligraphy 针灸：Acupuncture 太极拳：Tai Chi 儒家文化：Confucian Culture 孟子：Mencius 敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves 北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck 火锅：Hot Pot 关于六级翻译，内容还是比较广泛的，对于日常生活中比较常见的词语最好都要弄清它的英文翻译。平时也要多注意进行练习，因为是新题型，所以真题比较少，大家可以配套文都出版的《大学英语六级考试真题精析与标准预测》，里面附赠20片短文翻译，让大家有题可做。

四六级写作十大必背范文

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