天津大学2013级研究生英语网上测试体验版答案

自己整理的答案，题的顺序可能会不一样，希望对大家有帮助！

填空：

What the mass media offers is not popular art, but entertainment which is intended to be _______ like food, forgotten, and replaced by a new dish.

选择一项：

expended

spent

paid

consumed

For many people, an important aspect of overcoming Internet and computer addiction is to find _______ ways to handle these difficult feelings.

选择一项：

alternative

permanent

changeable

renewable

Water purification is the _______ of contaminants from raw water to produce drinking water that is pure enough for human consumption or for industrial use.

选择一项：

departure

dismissal

refusal

removal

In modern times,a handful of technological wonders that started out as novelties, have become _______ to our daily routines.

选择一项：

liable有责任，有义务的

vulnerable易受伤害的

compatible 兼容的，和谐的

indispensable不可缺少

It's true that humanity has seen a ________ of crises, wars and atrocities, but this negative side is offset by advances in technology and cultural exchanges.

选择一项：

pair

succession继承人，一系列（a succession of一连串的）

line

fraction分数（a fraction of 一小部分）

From primitive developments such as the wheel and paper to today's high-tech gadgets, there's certainly no _______ of impressive developments that have changed the way we live and work.

选择一项：

use

shortage

sense

matter

There is only one way to happiness and that is to cease worrying about things which are _______ the power of our will.

选择一项：

beyond

by

through

off

Engineers may help produce guided missiles, industrial robots, or _______ limbs for the physically handicapped.

选择一项：

artificial

articulate

artistic

authentic

Most studies on innovation（创新，改革） have sho wn that it is often more difficult for large corporations to _______ the same level of creativity and freedom as start-ups.

选择一项：

maintain保持，维持

contain

sustain 维持;支撑，支持;遭受

refrain 抑制，克制

Most new technologies, with the excep tion of those associated with weaponry, have had hugely ________ effects for most people extending our capabilities and indeed our lives to an extent that our ancestors could not have imagined.

选择一项：

beneficial

urgent 急迫的

formal

harmful

Economists have long focused on the c oncept of education as an investment that, on average, _______ well over the long term, for both individual students and society as a whole.

选择一项：

makes for

pays for

pays off还款，使…得益于

makes up

Email, blogs, social networks, instant messaging, and message boards allow for both public and _______ communication about any topic.

选择一项：

wordless

confidential秘密的，亲密的

verbal 口头的，非书面的

anonymous匿名的

While time spent online can be hugely productive, compulsive Internet use can _______ daily life, work, and relationships.

选择一项：

take up

break through

makes for

interfere with

Electronic files are replacing ________ filing cabinets, and intelligent facsimile and copying machines are appearing together with a variety of printers able to print anything from letter-quality characters to four color diagrams.

选择一项：

considerate

conventional

consequent

conversational

Of course, music can be distracting if it's too loud or too jarring, or if it _______ for our attention with what we're trying to do.

选择一项：

inquires

competes

preaches

applies

In many cases, what we say is less important than how we say it or the other _______ signals we send out, such as eye contact, facial expression, tone of voice, and gesture.

选择一项：

oral

nonverbal

warning

electronic

Whether its checking the weather, e-mai l, or bank account, smartphones have made mobile connectivity so _______ that today’s younger generations seem much more “addicted” to their smartphones.

选择一项：

accessible

imaginable

feasible 可行的，可能的

visible

Some people may be required to work shifts or excessive hours, whilst others feel they simply cannot _______ targets they see as unrealistic.

选择一项：

complete

acquire

meet

obtain

Universities, employers and professional bodies all _______ the need for effective engineers to have skills in management and business.

选择一项：

accredit 委托，授权于

acknowledge

admit

acquaint使熟悉，使认识

One of the most sincere forms of respect is _______ listening to what another has to say.

选择一项：

daily

virtually

actually

finally

排序：

答案：

the two influenza researchers

whose work has triggered a far-reaching debate

on the limits of scientific freedom

could hardly have handled

their publicity more differently

答案：

other theories posit that

dark energy is a temporary

phenomenon like inflation,

and that matter’s gravitational pull will one day take over

and temper the universe’s growth spurt

答案：

the more familiar an engineer or scientist is

with the various characteristics

as well as processing techniques of materials

the more proficient and confident he or she will be

in making judicious materials choices based on these criteria

答案：

the measurements so far lend

support to the leading theory that

dark energy is a natural property

of empty space:

the more the universe expands, the stronger dark energy becomes

答案：

but as the universe got larger and matter got more diluted,

scientists believe something began pressing the gas pedal again, causing expansion to accelerate once more

答案：

from a functional perspective, the role of

a materials scientist is to develop or synthesize new materials, whereas a materials engineer

is called upon to create new products or systems using existing materials

答案：

In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they're looking for.

Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. "Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier," says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company's private intranet.

Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to "pull" customers into sites.

In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push" information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers' computer monitors.

Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly

to a company's Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events.

完型答案：

The simple act of surrendering a telephone number to a store clerk may not seem harmful—so much so that many consumers do it with no questions asked. Yet that one action can set in motion a cascade of silent events, as that data point is acquired, analyzed, categorized, stored and sold over and over again. Future attacks on your privacy may come from anywhere, from anyone with money to purchase that phone number you surrendered. If you doubt the multiplier effect, consider your e-mail inbox. If it's loaded with spam, it's undoubtedly because at some point in time you unknowingly surrendered your e-mall to the wrong Web site. Do you think your telephone number or address is handled differently? A cottage industry of small companies with names you've probably never heard of—like Acxiom or Merlin—buy and sell your personal information the way other commodities like corn or cattle futures are bartered. You may think your cell phone is unlisted, but if you've ever ordered a pizza, it might not be. Merlin is one of many commercial data brokers that advertises sale of unlisted phone numbers compiled from various sources—including pizza delivery companies.

These unintended, unpredictable consequences that flow from simple actions make privacy issues difficult to grasp, and grapple with. It is hard to deny, however, that people behave different when they're being watched. And it is also impossible to deny that Americans are now being watched more than at any time in history.

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If a nation can mak-e effective use of all the information it will benefit In the fields of Scientificresearch, education, economic development, etc. What the nati on needs to do is to establish anation-wide"information network",so as to link up scientists, businessmen, educators, etc. If such a network isset up, itwill promote the second information revolution in the cou-nt ry. 3.With the development of a market economy in China, techniques of sales promotion have beenmore andmore widely employed. The popula rity of varied and numerous promotional activities such asdiscounts, bonuses, and promotional parties has grown steadily. The reason is tha t they not only helpmanufacturers andbusinesses earn higher and quick er profits, but also help consumers become acquainted with theproducts involved and get some practical benefits. However, if these techniques are used to promoteproducts of inferiorquality, both the manufacturers and the businessmen will be made to pay for that. 4.Work is not only a means of sustaining life. More importantly, it is the way through which peopledisplaytheir talent, realize their ambitions, build relationships and establish social status. If youunderstand thisintr insic value of work, then however dull or hard work may be, it beco mes bearable if it helpsbuild up areputation, whether in the world at l arge or only in one's own circle. Updating one's aim is one of the mostessential elements of self-fulfillment in the long run, and form ost people this comes chieflythrough their work.In that sense, work is the most vigorous, vivid sign of life --in individuals and in civilization s. 5.America was once troubled by employment crisis. Now in this land, there areemployees, those who have lost their jobs and those who will never find a job. For decades, thegovernment took no notice of t he changes in its economic base and their effect on employmentand lif estyle. As a result, many people lost job opportunities. Many expert came up with variousideas to address unemployment. However, what is most important now is to stimulateconsumption. 6.The crime of identity theft is on the rise. Recent surveys show there are currently 10 millionvictims each year, greatly exceeding our earlie r estimates. Using a variety of methods, criminalssteal Social Security numbers, driver's license numbe~, credit card numbers, and other piece s ofan individual's information such as date of birth. They use this inf ormation to buy as many thingsas they can in their victim's name in as short a time as possible. Identity theft is a serious crime.People wh ose identities have been stolen can spend months or even years cleani ng up the messthe thieves have made of their credit record. 7.Let's assume you are a sports fan. What is your first reaction when you find in your e-mailan attachment called "Anna Kournikova.jpg.vbs'? Curiosity tempts you to open the documentto have a look at the Rus sian tennis star. But if you open it, the virus will be activated andwill copy the attachment to every e-mail address in your "Outlook Express ", spreading the virus evenfarther. E-viruses, which flood the Intemet t hrough dubious e-mails with fancy bait, makeproduction of anti-virus p rograms a profitable business. 8.Changes in the American family structure are evidenced by increased rates of separation anddivorce. In certain areas of the country these tr ends have resulted in a growing number ofsingleparentfamilies and rem arried parents. This does not indicate, however, that the institution ofm arriage is crumbling. It is estimated that four ont of five divorced cou ples eventually remarryother people. These shifts in family relationship s may be interpreted as a breakdown or as anadaptation of the Americ an family to changing roles, attitudes, and values. The changes,accordi ng to the more traditional viewpoint, represent a breakdown in the fa mily structure, adisintegration of values, and a decline of morality. 第六册 1.While he shared his generation’s horror of war and was once called the “spiritual father”of appeasement. Keynes never, in fact, enterained the delusion that Hitler could be pacified. He hated the NAZI regime, never visited Germany after 1933.Instead,as Britain’s chief negotiator in contact with the Allies against Hitler. He pursued vigorously the com mon interest between London and Washington. 2.Some people wrongly believe that the United States is a land of opp ortunity, and that everbody enjoys equal opportunities. With various dr eams in mind,many well-trained professionals steadily mignate to the United States insearch of a good life.Some of them are even willing to live any life there. They would rather live in poverty there than en -joy a relativeprosperity at home. Therefore,lawers and doctors from C entral America may be found washing cars or waiting on tables in Mi ami. 3.Just as the 21st century requires a more diffused and safer balance Of interest in what needs to be an increasingly multilateral global villa ge, there is a risk of economic, institutional and political power being centralized in the European Community, and that a new bout of econ omic empire building may occur. 4.The path led straight through a wide stream.She could no longer risk disorientation by circling such obstacles.She took off her clothes and, with her belongings in ayion bag held above her head. She stepped into the chilling, neck-deep water. Minutes later she emerged. shaking uncontrollbably.But after warming herself by a small fire and re-dress ing, she set off with increased confidence.The limits of her physical capacity were expanding.