人教版高中英语必修三同位语从句

同位语从句

编稿：张桂琴审稿：梁晓

概念引入：

1 I have a dream that one day, all roads will be made plain.

我梦想着总有一天所有的道路都是平坦的。

2 We hold this truth to be self-evident that all men are created equal.

我们认为这些真理都是不言自明的，所有的人生来都是平等的

3 Some people hold the opinion that the Internet is a curse.

有些人持这种观点，互联网是一种诅咒。

4 Museums play a role of education for the simple reason that they provide people with a good opportunity to have a deeper understanding of their own country's tradition and cultures.

博物馆发挥教育的作用，原因很简单，他们为人们提供一个很好的机会，对自己国家的传统和文化有更深的了解。

语法讲解

一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。

I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。

二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等（一般的抽象名词都可用）。

I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won＇t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。

三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that，whether，连接代词what，who。连接副词how ,when ,where等。（注：if ,which 不能引导同位语从句。）

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。

四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。

同位语从句-引导词

同位语从句的引导词，引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等。

1. 连词that引导同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略）

The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语）

【注意1】在某些名词（如demand ,wish ,suggestion ,resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气

There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。

【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。

He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。

2. 连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）

The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。

【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。

3.其它引导词引导的同位语从句

连接代词what ,who ,whom ,whose，引导同位语从句

1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。（what作定语）

2).The question who will take his place is still not clear. （who作主语）

4. 连接副词引导同位语从句

连接副词when ,where ,how ,why

We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.

到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。

先行词

1．定语从句的先行词是名词或代词；而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词，而且仅限于idea，plan，fact，theory，promise，hope，news，doubt，truth，information，suggestion，question，thought，belief，conclusion等少数名词。

例如：

①The boy who is playing football is my classmate．

②Those who work hard will succeed．

③The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody．

④The fact that you are talking about is important．

在①句中，划线部分是定语从句，其先行词是名词boy，它不能用作同位语从句的先

行词。

在②句中，划线部分也是定语从句，其先行词是代词those，代词不能用作同位语从

句的先行词。

在③句中，划线部分是同位语从句，其先行词是名词fact，它同样可以用作定语从句

的先行词，

④句便是一例。句的先行词不一定能用作同位语从句的先行词。

2．when，where，why引导的定语从句的先行词一定分别是表示时间、地点和原因

的名词，而三者引导的同位语从句的先行词则肯定不是表示时间、地点和原因的名词。

例如：

①I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing．

②I have no idea when she will be back．

在①句中，划线部分是when引导的定语从句，其先行词day是表示时间的名词；

在②句中，划线部分是when引导的同位语从句，其先行词idea则不是表示时间的词。

引导词

定语从句和同位语从句共同的引导词有四个：that，when，where，why。下面把四个引导词分成两类说明它们在两种从句中的不同用法。

1．引导词that

引导定语从句的that叫做关系代词，它除了起连接作用，还在定语从句中充当一定成分，并且在意义上代表先行词；引导同位语从句的that叫做从属连词，它只起连接作用。不能省略。

例如：

①The news that you told me yesterday was really exciting．

②We heard the news that our team had won．

在①句中，划线部分是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，在意义上指代先行词news。

在②句中，划线部分是同位语从句，that没有任何意义，只起连接作用。

2．引导词when，where，why

引导定语从句时，它们叫做关系副词，在从句中充当状语，可以转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式；引导同位语从句时，它们叫做连接副词，在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式。

例如：

①I will never forget the day when I joined the army．

②We have no idea when she was born．

在①句中，划线部分是定语从句，when在从句中作状语，它可以转换成on which的形式；在②句中，划线部分是同位语从句，when在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式。

③This is the house where I lived two years ago．

④He put forward to the question where the meeting would be held．

在③句中，划线部分是定语从句，where在从句中作状语，它可以转换成in which的形式；在④句中，划线部分是同位语从句，where在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式。

⑤This is the reason why she will not attend the meeting．

⑥The teacher had no idea why Jack was absent．

在⑤句中，划线部分是定语从句，why在从句中作状语，它可以转换成for which的形式；在⑥句中，划线部分是同位语从句，why在从句中充当状语，但不能转换成"介词+关系代词"的形式。

一、同位语从句在句中的位置

1.一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。

I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午可能不能来看你了。

2.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。

The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。

二、同位语从句前名词的形式

同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外）加以修饰。Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？

三、同位语从句的语气

在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。

Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。

四、同位语从句的先行词

同位语从句的先行词通常是抽象名词，常见的有：

idea,situationthought,fact,evidence,belief,doubt,fear,hope,question,theory,news,order,ability等等。How did the cheats explain the fact that the Emperor didn't feel the new clothes in him? 皇帝觉得身上并没有穿上新衣，对这个问题骗子是怎样解释的?

代词it可用作同位语从句的先行词。这个it常放在某些动词或短语动词后作宾语，同时兼作其后that同位语从句的先行词。

I owe it to you that I am still alive. 幸亏你，我现在还活着。

有的语法学家把先行词it后的that从句看作是动词或介词的真正宾语。一般认为，这种it 后的that 从句应看作it的同位语，因为它相当于“主语+be+表语”结构。

You must see to it that the children don't catch cold.(=You must see to it, and it is that the children don't catch cold.）你要当心，别让孩子们着凉了。

【高清课堂：名词性从句（二），367116，同位语从句】

同位语从句与定语从句的区别

1．意义的不同

同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，与被修饰词通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，其作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开：

We are glad at the news that he will come.

We are glad at the news that he told us.

2. 引导词的不同

what, how, if, whatever 等可引导名词性从句，但不引导定语从句。

3. 引导词的功能上的不同

that引导同位语从句时，它不充当句子成分，而引导定语从句时，它作为关系代词，要么充当定语从句的主语，要么充当定语从句的宾语。如上例 that he told us中的that就充当told 的宾语。

4. 被修饰词语的区别

同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常有hope, wish, idea, news, fact, promise, opinion, suggestion, truth等，而定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛。

when和where 引导定语从句时，通常只修饰表示时间和地点的名词，而它们引导同位语从句时却不一定；又如why引导定语从句，它通常只修饰名词the reason，而它引导同位语从句时则不一定：

I have no idea when they will come.

I’ll never forget the days when I lived there.

同位语从句-特殊形式

1.间隔同位语从句

同位语从句通常是跟在它解释或说明的名词后，但有些情况下，由于句子结构的原因，同位语从句不紧跟在名词后，而被其他的词隔开。

A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday

简析：由于that从句太长，为避免句子失去平衡，此处用了间隔同位语从句

2.suggestion,request和order等名词后的同位语从句用虚拟语气。

She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once.她请求立即请医生来。

简析：suggestion，order，request，proposal，requirement，command，advice，proposition和recommendation等名词后接同位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用“（should+）动词原形”的形式，其中should一词可省略。

高中英语人教版必修三单词表

高中英语人教版必修三单词表． 必修3 Unit 1 1、发生 2、美；美人 收获；收割3、庆祝；祝贺4、狩猎者；猎人、5(使)饿死；饿得要死、6起源；由来；起因7、8、宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔诚的 9、季节的；季节性的 10、祖先；祖宗 11、（日本）盂兰盆节 坟墓；墓地12、熏香；熏香的烟13、14、纪念；追念 15、墨西哥（拉丁美洲国家） 16、节日；盛宴 17、头脑；头骨 18、骨；骨头 19、万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕

信任；信心；信仰20、 21、盛装；打扮；装饰 欺骗；诈骗;窍门诡计;恶作剧22、23、搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 诗人、2425、哥伦布日 26、到来；到达；到达者 27、克利斯朵夫·哥伦布 28、获得；得到 29、独立；自主 30、独立的；自主的 搜集；集合；聚集31、 32、农业；农艺；农学 农业的；农艺的、33授予；判定奖；奖品34、 35、产品；（尤指）农产品 雄禽；公鸡36、37、赞美；钦佩；羡慕 38、充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的 39、期望；期待；盼望 狂欢节；（四旬斋前的）饮宴狂欢；嘉年华（会）40、 41、月的；月亮的；阴历的耶稣)复活节42、(43、游行；阅兵；检阅、日夜；昼夜；整天4445、衣服 2 必修3 基督徒；信徒、46基督教的；信基督教的 47、耶稣 48、樱桃；樱桃树 49、花开花 50、好像 51、玩得开心 52、习惯；风俗 53、遍及全世界的；世界性的 玫瑰花蕾54、55、愚人；白痴；受骗者 干傻事；开玩笑傻的 必要性；需要56、57、许可；允许 预言；预报；预告58、59、样子；方式；时尚 60、特立尼达岛 61、卡拉（女名） 62、哈利（男名） 63、（汽车等）停放 64、停车场 65、圣瓦伦廷节；人节 66、出现；到场 67、守信用；履行诺言 68、屏息；屏气 69、道歉；辩白 70、淹没；溺死；淹死

2019人教版高中英语必修3电子课本 word版

普通高中课程标准实验教科书《英语》电子课本 Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world B3U1P1-3 FESTIV ALS AND CELEBRATIONS Ancient Festivals Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Other celebrations were held when hunters could catch animals. They would starve if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. Festivals of the Dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. In Japan the festival is called Obon, when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico they have the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people might eat food in shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. It is now a children’s festival, when they can go to their neighbours’ homes and ask for sweets. They dress up and try to frighten people. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can be held as an honour to famous people or to the gods. One of these is the Dragon Boat Festival in China, which honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Another is Columbus Day in the USA, in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter ,and because a season of agricultural work is over. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and people get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruits and vegetables, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and give gift of mooncakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat, and may give children lucky money in the red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the lunar New Year together. In some Western countries there are very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival in Christian countries. It celebrates the return of Jesus for Christians and it also celebrates the coming of spring. In Japan, the Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each others. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.

高中英语从句总结

高中英语从句总结 1）主语从句 1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 （2）从属连词whether.如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。 （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why.如： What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home —— my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我唯一的家。 解释： 1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： +be+形容词（obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.）+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 +be+名词词组（no wonder，an honor，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，etc.）+that从句。如： It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遗憾我们不能去。 It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。 +be+过去分词（said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.）+that从句。如： It is said that has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 +seem，happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如： It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at 似乎不来参加晚会。 It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。 +doesn’t matter（makes no difference，etc.）+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如： It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.她是否来这无关紧要。 It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。

高一英语人教版必修三unit1课文内容

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Unit 1 1、发生 2、美；美人 3、收获；收割 4、庆祝；祝贺 5、狩猎者；猎人 6、(使)饿死；饿得要死 7、起源；由来；起因 8、宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔诚的 9、季节的；季节性的 10、祖先；祖宗 11、（日本）盂兰盆节 12、坟墓；墓地 13、熏香；熏香的烟 14、纪念；追念 15、墨西哥（拉丁美洲国家） 16、节日；盛宴 17、头脑；头骨 18、骨；骨头 19、万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕 20、信任；信心；信仰 21、盛装；打扮；装饰 22、诡计;恶作剧;窍门欺骗；诈骗 23、搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 24、诗人 25、哥伦布日 26、到来；到达；到达者 27、克利斯朵夫·哥伦布 28、获得；得到 29、独立；自主 30、独立的；自主的 31、搜集；集合；聚集 32、农业；农艺；农学 33、农业的；农艺的 34、奖；奖品授予；判定 35、产品；（尤指）农产品 36、雄禽；公鸡 37、赞美；钦佩；羡慕 38、充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的 39、期望；期待；盼望 40、狂欢节；（四旬斋前的）饮宴狂欢；嘉年华（会） 41、月的；月亮的；阴历的 42、 (耶稣)复活节 43、游行；阅兵；检阅 44、日夜；昼夜；整天 45、衣服

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