英汉翻译评析(答案)
Commentaries on the Version of “一个女人是这样衰老的”
一个女人是这样衰老的
SV：How a Woman Ages/A Woman’s Aging/A Woman Fades Thus/What causes a Woman to Grow Old/The Way in Which a woman is Aging/How a Woman Gets Old
RV: The Way Woman Withers
点评：Rhetorical Device: distillation and aesthetic hightlights of language, either Chinese or English/The successful employment of alliteration(头韵)
1．二十岁的时候，我穿着一条背心式牛仔裙在校园里走来走去，一说话就脸红。三十岁的我穿着名牌套装，坐在办公桌前，满脸冷酷地对下属说：“这么愚蠢的问题你也敢问？也不先打个草稿。”SV: At the age of twenty, I walked about on the campus, wearing a vestlike jean skirt. My face would turn red whenever I speak. After I have turned thirty, I am seated in front of a bureau, in a suit of famous brand, reproaching a subordinate coldly “How dare you ask such a stupid question? Why didn’t you make a draft first?”
RV: At the age of twenty, wearing a jeans jumper, I moved about on the campus, my face blushing the moment I had the inclination to make an
utterance. At the age of thirty, I, wearing a famous-brand suit and a cold look, reproach my subordinate bluntly, “How can you go so far as to raise such a silly, mindless question?”
点评：Zeugma (轭式修饰法)：a figure of speech in which a single word, usually a verb or adjective, is syntactically related to two or more words, though having a different sense in relation to each. More examples:
The senator picked up his hat and his courage/She possessed two false teeth and a sympathetic heart/ He lost the game and his temper.
2．二十岁的时候，从图书馆借的是《莎士比亚全集》、《一个青年艺术家的自画像》和《尤里西斯》。三十岁之后，床头摆的是《跟庄密笈》、《ELLE》和《经理人的个人魅力》.
SV: At the age of twenty, The Collected Works of Shakespeare, The Portrait of an Artist as a Y oung Man, and Ulysses were borrowed from the library. After thirty, Strategy of Speculation on Stocks, ELLE and Manager’s Personal Charm were put on the bedside.
RV: At the age of twenty, I borrowed books from the library like Shakespeare’s Complete Works, A Portrait of the Artist as a Y oung Man, Ulysses. After thirty, on my bedside, lie such books and magazines as The Recipe on Stocks, Elle and Manager’s Charm.
点评：Syntactically（依照句法地）, aesthetic value goes to Eng-Weightness in English, which is not the case with Chinese. For example:
Gone are the days when I was young. VS. The days when I was young are gone.
Word came that bribery行贿has sent him to prison. VS. Word that bribery has sent him to prison came.
3．二十岁的暑假，在家乡的大街上偶遇自己的暗恋对象，听说他考上了研究生，被他的进步所打击，心如刀绞，想到这辈子终于不能出色得让他看我一眼，不禁怅然泪下。三十岁之后，到处打听那里可以花钱买个MBA.
SV: At 20, during a summer holiday I encountered my beloved one on the street of my hometown. I heard he was admitted to be a graduate. I was struck by his advance. I couldn’t help shedding tears in my extreme grief.
I thought that for this life I could never achieve much to let him see me in
a new light. After 30, I inquire everywhere where to purchase an MBA certificate.
RV: At the age of twenty, I ran into the young man whom I loved in private in the street of my hometown. Upon hearing that he had been enrolled as a graduate, I was virtually dealt a heavy blow believing reluctantly so painful a fact that I could never do well enough to win his favor, bitter tears streaming down my cheeks. After thirty, I busy myself here and there, inquiring where I could by an MBA diploma.
点评：Aesthetically（审美地）speaking, English appreciates sentence possessing a short main clause, with many words, phrases and clauses
attached to it, something like a cluster of grapes, while Chinese favors sentence structure resembling bamboo, on segment after another.
4．二十岁的时候，随时随地向人透露我的年龄，答得比问的还快。
三十岁之后，最恨别人问年龄，你要是非问不可，你猜啊。SV: At the age of twenty, I was always ready to disclose my age on all occasions and could not wait to speak out the answer until the inquirer finished his words. After I have turned thirty, I hate any inquiry about my age. If you insist, have a guess.
RV: At the age of twenty, I was so ready to reveal my age, telling people about my age frequently before they inquired. After thirty, age became almost a taboo to me. If somebody is so nosy, I respond, “Guess.”
点评：English is a language of metaphor, leaving no stone unturned in exploiting the metaphorical meaning, or rather the connotative (转义的) meaning, of very single word, while Chinese language is heavily denotation（本义）-dependent.
5．二十岁的时候，一心想和体育系、美术系的男生约会。三十岁后，我简直认为自己当年是白痴。
SV: When in my twenties, I was only willing to date boys from sports or art department. After thirty, I even thought I had been an idiot before. RV: At the age of twenty, I did long to date with the boys from either physical education, or the art department. After thirty, it seems so unbelievable that I once idiotically possessed that thought.
点评：Lexically（词汇地）speaking, part of the aesthetic value goes to flexible word formation in English which dwarfs Chinese
6．二十岁的时候，有书店必须逛，有书必买。三十岁之后，对书店视而不见，直接去了隔壁的美容院。
SV: At the age of twenty, I frequented the bookstores and bought whatever I found. After thirty, I ignored them and went ahead into the nearby beauty parlor（店营业室）.
RV: At the age of twenty, the bookstore was a must for me, and I was a big book buyer. While after thirty, paying no attention to the bookstore, I breeze into the beauty parlor next door.
点评：It is universally acknowledged that obscurity and abstract, occasionally creates more aesthetic value, which can accomplish more accuracy and gracefulness.
7．二十岁的时候，老妈打电话，不等说完三句就恨不能挂了电话。
三十岁之后，一听到妈的声音就禁不住哭出声来：“妈呀，您老的所有担心现在都应验了……”
SV: At the age of twenty, when mother phones me, I am anxious to hang up immediately. After the age of thirty, on hearing mother’s voice on the phone, I cannot help crying out, “Mom, all that you worry about have come true.”
RV: At the age of twenty, while talking with my mother over the phone, I wanted to hang up before my mother had finished a few words. After
thirty, the voice of Mom invariably triggers my crying, “Mom, your worries about my marriage have all come true.”
点评：Chinese expressions involve more obscurity, a sign of lavishly artistically-conceived （持有艺术的）language, while English pins（紧扣）more aesthetic value on clarity and legibility（易辨认, 易理解）, a manifestation of a language largely governed by logic.
傅雷：东方人和西方人的思想方式有基本分歧，我人重综合、重归纳重暗示、重含蓄；西方人则重分析，细微曲折、挖掘惟恐不尽，描写惟恐不周。
王力：西洋语法是硬的，没有弹性；中国语法是软的，富有弹性。中国语法以达意为主。
杨振宁：中国的文化是模糊、朦胧及总体的方向走，而西方的文化是向准确而具体的方向走。汉语，写诗却是一个优点。
8．二十岁的时候，我真想往前冲，谁也别挡我。三十岁之后，我真想赖着不走啊，又快过年了。
SV: At the age of twenty, I dashed forward without any apprehension. In my thirties, I strive to hang on to the moment: another New Y ear is looming.
RV: At the age of twenty, I dashed forward without any concern for the passing days and years. In my thirties, I strive to hang on to every moment: Unfortunately, another New Year looms on the horizon.
点评：The Chinese text seems to be vague and implicit; the literal version
done by my student goes like this: At the age of twenty, I dashed forward without any apprehension. In my thirties, I strive to hang on to the moment: another New Y ear is looming. Could you understand this literal version?// Answer: The literal version is ok. But I would make a few changes: “At the age of twenty, I dashed forward without any concern for the passing days and years. In my thirties, I strive to hang on to every moment: Unfortunately, another New Year looms on the horizon.”
9．二十岁的时候，我想出名要趁早，一个人到了三十岁还籍籍无名那还活个什么劲呀？三十岁之后，名是不指望了，只希望在四十岁的时候能象我老板一样有钱。
SV: At the age of twenty, I said, to gain fame, the earlier the better. How dull it should be one is still infamous in her thirties! In my thirties, reputation is no longer my desire. I only have a wish to be as rich as my boss in my forties.
RV: At the age of twenty, it’s better to be famous before it’s too late, I believed. What would be the spice of life for a person deserted (放弃) by fame when approaching thirty? After thirty, fame seems still beyond reach, yet being as rich as my boss at forty becomes my new dream.
点评：One of the important criteria in aesthetic judgement for English is hypotaxis(形合), while Chinese is a language of parataxis (意合); the logic syntactical relationship is self-evident. Make a comparison: 燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，
有再开的时候。但是，聪明的，你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢？
Swallows may have gone, but there is a time of return; willow trees may have died back, but there is a time of regreening; peach blossoms may have fallen, but they will bloom again. Now, you the wise, tell me, why should our days leave us, never to return?
10．二十岁的时候，拥挤在人头攒动的公共大巴上，吃着甜筒，挺开心。三十岁之后，看见破旧肮脏的的士都心烦，拜托！油价一跌，就去买车吧，一路开往小康。
10．SV: At the age of twenty, I felt happy squeezed in a crammed bus eating an ice-cream. After I have turned thirty, I hate to look at the dirty, worn-out taxis. Thank goddess! Once the oil price declines, I’’ll buy a car to myself and drive all the way to a comfortable life.
RV: At the age of twenty, I felt so contented sandwiched in a jammed bus, eating ice cream. After thirty, even the sight of a shabby and sordid (肮脏的) taxi may sicken me. Ok! When the oil price goes down, I will buy a car, drive along the road of Well-To-Do(小康的).
点评：Impersonal Subject Sentence is the pride of English language, inviting much aesthetic value, while Chinese, syntactically neglecting the employment of subject, employ few impersonal subjects.
11．二十岁的时候，打赌说我这辈子不可能土到死守在一个地方，生活在别处嘛。三十岁之后，我为了在这座城市买个满意又便宜的
房子跑断了双腿。
SV: At the age of twenty, I bet there was fat chance that I should rustically live my lifetime in one place, as the saying goes, a beautiful life occurs elsewhere. In my thirties, I spare no strength running for a decent and inexpensive house in the local city.
RV: At the age of twenty, I bet that I would never reside in one city the rest of my life. I’d choose to live in different places. After thirty, I ran my feet off searching for an apartment, satisfying and cheap.
点评：A way to achieve end-weight: after-position adjectives
For example: He comes into the light of every-day like a great leviathan(《圣经》中象征邪恶的)海中怪兽, 巨物) of the deep, breaking the smooth surface of accepted things, gay, serious, and sportive.
12．二十岁的时候，看小说专挑和爱情有关的情节看。三十岁之后，我在聊天室里的代号叫“不谈爱情”。
SV: At the age of twenty, I only read paragraphs about live in reading novels. At the age of 30, my name was “no speaking love” in chat-room on the Internet.
RV: At the age of twenty, while reading a novel, I abandoned my self to the chapters exclusively devoted to romance. After thirty, I dubbed myself as “No Mention of Love.”in the Internet chat-room
点评：Careful handling of register recruit invites more aesthetic appreciation.
13．二十岁的时候，一听到名人就激动不已，就欢呼雀跃，就奋不顾身往前冲。三十岁之后，一听到名人就若有所失，就心烦意乱，就怒火中烧，就……不知道什么滋味，特别是年轻的，漂亮的，女的名人。
SV: When I was twenty, hearing the name of the famous man, I would be so exited that I could almost jump up with cheer and dashed ahead regardless of my safety. After thirty, I was indifferent, annoyed, flew into a temper and I had no feeling to hear the name of the famous man, particularly of those famous, young and pretty females who were young and pretty.
RV: At the age of twenty, upon hearing a celebrity, I would rush forward, hot-blooded, jumping for joy. After thirty, upon hearing the names of celebrities, I feel lost, vexed (恼怒) and burning with anger, especially the names of those famous females, who are young and pretty.
点评：汉语：暗示/含蓄/以达意为主/文化：模糊朦胧—》以神驭形—》衔生出写意、意境、联想、意合和文采。而英语：分析/语法是硬的/准确而具体—》以形摄神，衔生出写实、逻辑、形合、推理和归纳14．二十岁的时候，和某个人晚上一起去看了场电影，不经意中拉了一次手，结果幸福了整整一个夏天。三十岁之后，坐在香格里拉酒店的旋转餐厅陪客户吃自主助餐，在缓缓的转动之中，莫名其妙地一阵空虚，突然间对一切感到索然无味……
SV: At the age of twenty, I went to see a film on a night with someone
who casually took my hand in his palm, and this sweet happiness lingered for the whole summer. After I have turned thirty, I feel an aching void in the slow movement of the rotating restaurant, where I dine with my clients upon a buffet meal, in Shangri-La Hotel and all of a sudden I lost interest in everything.
RV: At the age of twenty, one evening, I went to see a film. In the darkness, an incidental touch of hands filled me with joy all that summer.
I am thirty, sitting the rotating restaurant of Shangri-La Hotel, accompanying clients having a buffet. In the slow rotating, an indescribable emptiness, all of a sudden, seizes me, and I find everything dull and dry.
点评：Aesthetic judgement, aesthetic appreciation alone contributes little to the elegance, gracefulness and readability (可读性) of the versions, aesthetics-based application, with the macro linguistic differentiation consciousness, can accomplish much.
英汉翻译教程试题
高等教育自学考试冲刺模拟试卷一 （英语专业） 英汉翻译教程（三） Part One I.Multiple Choice Questions （30 points, 2 points for each）A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1.For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home. A.对英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份把这带到了家。 B.对英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。 C.对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。 D.对我们英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。 2.So now he contrived an eager, ingratiating smile, which he bestowed on Mr. Squires. A.因此他就装出急切的、迷人的笑，并投向史奎尔先生。 B.因此他就装出殷切的、拍马的笑，并把这笑赠予史奎尔先生。 C.因此他就对史奎尔先生装出一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 D.因此他就给史奎尔先生设计了一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 3. People disappear in that river every year, one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dismay, half in frustration. A. 这条河里年年都有人消失，”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 B. 这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 C. 这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 D. 年年都有人消失在这条河里，”当天下午警察中的一个半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 4. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase environmental law ” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers.
英语翻译试卷答案()
全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试 英语翻译试卷 课程代码：00087 请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上 Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points for each) A.Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that you think is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.(Please write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.) 1.If machines really thought as men do, there would be no more reason to fear them than to fear men. A.如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么怕它们的理由就没有比怕人的理由多。 B.如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕它们，正如没有理由怕人一样。 C.如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么怕人的理由就没有比怕它们的理由多。 D.如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕人，正如没有理由怕它们一样。 2.James Bringley of Straffordshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working atmill wheels, at the age of 17, having been born poor in a village. A.1733年，斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷就在磨坊工作。因为他出身于一个贫困的农村家 庭，17岁那年，他便开始了自我奋斗的历程。 B.斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷1733年就开始了自我奋斗的历程。因为出生在一个贫困的 农村家庭，17岁那年，他就在磨坊工作。 C.斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷，出生在一个贫困的农村家庭，1733年，在他17岁时， 靠改良磨坊的水车轮，便开始了自我奋斗的历程。 D.1733年，斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷，在他17岁时，靠改良磨坊的水车轮，便开始 了自我奋斗的历程，他出生在一个贫困的农村家庭。 3.Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. A.然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于科学的两个不同方面。 B.然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于两个不同的科学方面。 C.然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于不同科学的两个方面。 D.然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于不同的两个科学方面。 1 / 7
英汉翻译评析(附参考译文)
英汉翻译讲解（1） I.英汉之间的差别： “对于中国学生最有用的帮助是让他认识英语和汉语的差别。”------吕叔湘 国内学者的共识是：汉语是综合性的，描写性的，而英语是分析性的，逻辑性的。在语言学上最重要的区别在于形合和意合的对比（contrast between hypotaxis and parataxis），英语重形合（形式上的融合），汉语重意合（意思或意境的融合）。在句法方面，有学者形象地把英汉比喻为以下几种： 1．雄孔雀/雄狮-----即英语习惯于把最着重的事物放在句首先说出来，开门见山，一语破的，然后再把各种标志一条条补述，一步步交代，慢条斯理，从容不迫，形成一条头短尾长地线性链，象头小尾大地雄孔雀。而汉语则相反，其线性序列的展开好比画龙点睛，先把外围的环境与衬托一一交代周到，最后点出话语的信息中心，水到渠成，给人以豁然开朗之感，形成雄狮型头大尾小地局式。 例如：I was all the more delighted when, as a result of the initiative of your Government it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly. 译文：由于贵国政府的提议，才得以这样快地重新实现访问。这使我感到特别高兴。 又如：The assertion that it was difficult, if not impossible, for a people to enjoy its basic rights unless it was able to determine freely its political status and to ensure freely its economic, social and cultural development was now scarcely （不足地，不充分地；一定不，绝不）contested （斗争；比赛）. 译文：如果一个民族不能自由地决定其政治地位，不能自由地保证其经济、社会和文化的发展，要享受其基本权利，即使不是不可能，也是不容易的。这一论断几乎是无可置辩的了。 2．葡萄/竹竿-----即把英语句子比作“葡萄型”结构，葡萄主干很短，其上附结着丰硕的果实。而汉语句子则较短，一个短句接一个短句地往下叙述，逐步展开，内容像竹竿一样一节一节展开，常称为“竹竿型”结构。 She was beautiful, with long dark hair and brilliant green eyes.她长得很美，一头乌黑亮丽的长发，一双晶莹明亮的绿色眼睛。 She has smooth akin as pale and iridescent as the moon shining over a snow-covered landscape.她光滑的肌肤白里透红，宛如皎洁的月光洒在茫茫血地上。 3．多枝共干----英语句子中还有两个或几个动词共受一个状语修饰，共有一个主语或宾语，或者两个或几个状语共同修饰一个动词，两个或几个主语或宾语共一个动词，这就好比几根树枝长在同一根树干上，我们称为“多枝共干”式结构。 4．也有学者认为英语是一种弥漫着“男子气”的语言。逻辑性、组织性和理性是以英语为母语的民族的思维支撑点，从而就形成了英语的“阳刚之美”。而汉语自有汉语之美。汉语不注重对客观现实作符合逻辑的形式的描摹，不执着于形式结构的规范，中国人的思维支撑点似乎更具有抽象，深邃和疏放的取向，由此繁衍生出的是显赫的暗示和幽远的意境从而形成汉语的“阴柔之美”。汉语的魅力在于她的流散和疏放，系于她超凡的暗示力和意境性。所以汉语的形式机制很弱，主谓宾没有形式标定，主谓间关系松散，宾语无定格，无定位，主语的超句承接功能很强。 如果说汉语是一种“人治”语言，那么，英语则是一种“理性”语言。汉语能化逻辑为内在，英语则必须将逻辑外化，化作种种行合的标记，化作启转承合的纽带。英语语法规范森严，理性十足；英语形式逻辑缜密，滴水不漏。 5．汉语是一种意境语言，一种艺术语言。寥寥数词，就能出意境，出氛围，出画面。
王治奎《大学英汉翻译教程》【笔记课后习题及翻译示例汇总考研真题详解】(文学翻译)
第18章文学翻译 18.1 复习笔记 一、文学翻译的标准 对于文学翻译的要求是，“用另一种语言，把原作的艺术意境传达出来，使读者在读译文的时候能够像读原作时一样得到启发、感动和美的感受”。 钱钟书把文学翻译的最高标准概括为一个“化”字。 二、文学翻译的过程 借鉴茅盾的有关解释，把文学翻译过程分为三个阶段： (1) 理解阶段； (2) 印证阶段； (3) 表达阶段。 在表达阶段强调的内容是： (1) 必须使用文学语言； (2) 尽量保持原作风格； (3) 力求内容和形式的辩证统一。 三、文学翻译须使用文学语言 这里仅介绍英文小说翻译的几个侧面：
1. 文学语言具有准确、形象、生动、自然等特征，译者应根据原作的艺术意境和语言特色，在译文里寻找适当的语言形式，使之文情并茂。 Daffodils all along the hedgerow swung like yellow, ruffled birds on their perches. 清风徐徐，沿灌木篱笆旁的水仙花轻轻地摇摆着，颇似栖息的鸟儿掀动着金黄色羽毛。 2. 运用娴熟的汉语，再现人物语言的形象化和个性化，使译文产生“如闻其声，如见其人”的艺术效果。 “Say, some tenderness, that!” This is reference to a smile or a melting glance on the part of a female. “唷，瞧那样多温存!”这说的是一位女性的嫣然一笑，或者回眸传情。 3. 凭借自己的审美体验，深刻理解原作的艺术美，进而形神兼备地再现这种艺术美。 四、加强文学翻译的基本功训练 有兴趣于或有志于从事文学翻译的青年，可在课内外分门别类地选做一些练习，以集中提高某些方面的表述能力。 18.2 课后习题详解 将下列英文译成汉语： 1. One morning, in the fall of 1880, a middle-aged woman, accompanied by a young girl of inquiry as to whether there was anything a- bout the place that she could do. She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and
英语翻译试题与答案详解
全国2004年4月高等教育自学考试 英语翻译试题与答案详解 课程代码：00087 Ⅰ. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each) A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1. Almost all the TV viewers were deeply impressed by Titanic’s huge mass and her ruined splendor of a lost age. 答案：B A. 泰坦尼克号的庞大以及她那昔日辉煌的残毁，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了十分深刻的印象。 B. 泰坦尼克号船体庞大，虽已损毁，昔日丰采犹存，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了深刻的印象。 C. 泰坦尼克号无比庞大，往日荣光业已荡然无存，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了深刻的印象。 D. 泰坦尼克号的庞大船体以及她那失去的昔日光辉，给几乎所有的电视观众都留下了深刻的印象。 2. A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available. 答案：C A. 使用化学方法控制昆虫除外，其它有效方法也可使用。 B. 除了不用化学方法控制昆虫外，应该还有其它方法可以使用。 C. 除了使用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其它各种奇妙的方法可以使用。 D. 控制昆虫的方法很多，使用化学方法只不过是其中之一也可使用。 3. We talked of our plans to wed and start a family, once we were settled in Los Angeles, and we listened to the rain. 答案：C A. 我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，外头还下着雨。 B. 一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，还听着外头的雨声。 C. 我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，组织家庭。我们一面议论，一面听着外头的雨声。 D. 一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，建立家庭。我们一面议论着，而且一面听着外头的雨声。 4. I felt approaching footsteps. I stretched out my hand as I supposed to my mother. 答案：A A. 我感到有人走近，于是伸出了手，以为是把手伸向母亲。 B. 我感到有人走近，我就伸出了手，因为我在等我的母亲。 C. 我感到有人向我走来，我想那是我母亲，她把手伸向我。 D. 我感到有人向我走来，我想那是我母亲，她伸手搂抱我。 1
英汉翻译评析(答案)
Commentaries on the Version of “一个女人是这样衰老的” 一个女人是这样衰老的 SV：How a Woman Ages/A Woman’s Aging/A Woman Fades Thus/What causes a Woman to Grow Old/The Way in Which a woman is Aging/How a Woman Gets Old RV: The Way Woman Withers 点评：Rhetorical Device: distillation and aesthetic hightlights of language, either Chinese or English/The successful employment of alliteration(头韵) 1．二十岁的时候，我穿着一条背心式牛仔裙在校园里走来走去，一说话就脸红。三十岁的我穿着名牌套装，坐在办公桌前，满脸冷酷地对下属说：“这么愚蠢的问题你也敢问？也不先打个草稿。”SV: At the age of twenty, I walked about on the campus, wearing a vestlike jean skirt. My face would turn red whenever I speak. After I have turned thirty, I am seated in front of a bureau, in a suit of famous brand, reproaching a subordinate coldly “How dare you ask such a stupid question? Why didn’t you make a draft first?” RV: At the age of twenty, wearing a jeans jumper, I moved about on the campus, my face blushing the moment I had the inclination to make an
郭著章《英汉互译实用教程》(第4版)教材配套题库-第5章 翻译常用的八种技巧【圣才出品】
第5章翻译常用的八种技巧 5.1 重译法 一、英译汉 1. It may seem strange to put into the same packet an industrial revolution and two political revolutions. But the fact is that they were all social revolutions. 【译文】把一场工业革命同两次政治革命归作一类似乎有点奇怪，但事实上这三次革命都是社会革命。 2. Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterise all the Industrial Revolution. 【译文】在修建英国的运河网的过程中，有两点是非常突出的，而这两点也正是整个工业革命的特点。 3. The canals were arteries of communication: they were not made to carry pleasure boats, but barges. 【译文】运河是交通的动脉，开运河不是为了走游艇，而是为了通行驳船。 4. James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or, as it was then called, ‘navigation’. 【译文】布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫做navigation。
5. Several factors accounted for this extraordinary achievement. One was the expansion into the west. Another was the application of machinery to farming. 【译文】取得这一特殊成就有几方面的原因：第一个原因是向西部的扩展，第二个原因是机器在农业上的应用。 6. …for the establishment of agricultural and industrial colleges. These were to serve both as educational institutions and as centers for research in scientific farming. 【译文】……以便建立农业和工业学院。这些学校一方面是教育机关，另一方面，也是农业科学的研究中心。 7. …This is nothing li ke back home in Colorado. We have rains there, too. Thunderstorms in spring and summer... 【译文】……这跟家乡科罗拉多的情况迥然不同。科罗拉多也下雨。春夏两季雷雨交加……【解析】原文第二句用there代替in Colorado，而译文重复“科罗拉多”。 8. The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. 【译文】全世界在注视着。全世界在倾听着。全世界在等待着看我们将做些什么。 9. As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people, the American people are a great people.
《新英汉翻译教程》第三章课后答案.doc
is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile? 我认为，如果一个人思路不清，他写文章也困惑，如果他喜怒无常的文章就会荒诞不经;如果他思想敏捷，和能，由眼前的事情，他将一百件事情，除非他有很大的自我控制、负荷在文章中隐喻和明喻。 I sincerely hope that your congratulations will be matched by your collective endeavour to seek a just and practical solution to the problem which has bedeviled the United Nations for so many years? 我真诚地希望你的祝贺将相媲美的集体努力追求公正和实际解决问题的困扰，联合国己经多年了。 Culture to him, as to the Orientals3 with whom he lived so much and sympathized so deeply, was an affair of the spirit and of mind not to be measured by material progress, or, even by the arts. 文化，在东方人，和他一起住这么多，深深同情的事情，是灵，可以不可以通过衡量物质进步、或,即使是艺术。 With Asia s economic meltdown rattling the Beijing leadership, Zhu and his colleagues now have a powerful argument that China must get its own house in order to prevent meddling by the International Monetary Fund or other outsiders?(China: Zhu is Taking a Broom to the Bureaucrats 与亚洲经济危机年代震动了北京的领导下，朱和他的同事们现在有一个强有力的论点，中国必须得到它的自己的房子为了防止干涉国际货币基金组织或其他外人。(中国:朱正在一个扫帚官僚扌宜权 that woman walks the streets? 那个妇女常在那些街上走 Bill is taking his bird to the pictures tonight. 比尔今晚带着他的女朋友去看电影。 He is not so ill but that he can come to school ?
087-英语翻译-试卷答案-(14)
全国2012年7月高等教育自学考试 英语翻译试题 课程代码：00087 I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each) A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent of the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1. Chou was a quiet and thoughtful man, even a little shy as he welcomed his visitors, urged them to be seated and to tell how he could help them.( ) A. 周恩来非常安静，非常体贴，在要求他们坐下，询问有何见教的时候，甚至还有些腼腆。 B. 周恩来举止优雅，待人体贴，在欢迎他们坐下，询问有何见教的时候，甚至还有些害羞。 C. 周恩来非常安静，非常体贴，甚至还有些腼腆，当招呼他们坐下，询问有何见教时。 D.周恩来举止优雅，待人体贴，在招呼他们坐下，询问有何见教的时候，甚至还有些腼腆。 2. I remembered being startled when I first saw my grandmother rocking away on her porch. ( ) A. 我记得当我第一次看到外祖母坐在长廊里的安乐椅里摇动时，感到非常惊讶。 B. 我记得我非常惊讶，当我第一次看到外祖母在长廊里坐在安乐椅里摇动时。 C. 我记得当我第一次看到外祖母在长廊里蹒跚而去时，感到非常惊讶。 D. 我记得当我第一次看到外祖母在长廊里跳摇摆舞时，感到非常惊讶。 3. The Industrial Revolution began with such machines; the millwrights were the engineers of the coming age.( ) A. 工业革命带着这些机械开始了；修造磨坊的匠人就是开创新时代的工程师。 B. 工业革命带着这些机械开始了；修造磨坊的匠人就是未来时代的工程师。 C. 工业革命就是从这些机械开始的；修造磨坊的匠人就是开创新时代的工程师。 D. 工业革命就是从这些机械开始的；修造磨坊的匠人就是以后时代的工程师。 4. Driving southward from Cairo into the valley, I entered a landscape that owed little to the present era.( ) A. 从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，我进入了一片还没有受到多少现代影响的景色。 B. 我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色还没有受到多少现代的影响。 C. 我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色和现代没有多少关系。 浙00087# 英语翻译试卷第1页(共6页)
翻译中的英汉八大不同解析
翻译中的英汉八大不同 一、英语重结构,汉语重语义 我国著名语言学家王力先生曾经说过:“ 就句子的结构而论,西洋语言是法治的,中国语言是人治的。”(《中国语法理论》,《王力文集》第一卷,第 35页,山东教育出版社, 1984年 我们看一看下面的例子: Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with inbuilt personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell television, and digital age will have arrived. 译文:孩子们可以和装有性格芯片的娃娃一起玩耍;内嵌性格装置的电脑将被视作人们工作上的伙伴而不仅仅是工具; 休闲时, 电视机还能满足人们嗅觉感官的需求——那时, 数码时代就已经到来了。 这句英语是由四个独立句构成的并列句,前三个句子都用简单将来时, 最后一个句子用的是将来完成时, 句子之间的关系通过时态、逗号和并列连词 and 表示得一清二楚。而汉语译文明显就是简单的叙述, 至于句子之间的关系完全通过句子的语义表现出来:前三个句子可以看成是并列关系,最后一个句子则表示结果。 二、英语多长句,汉语多短句 由于英语是“ 法治” 的语言,只要结构上没有出现错误,许多意思往往可以放在一个长句中表达;汉语则正好相反,由于是“ 人治” ,语义通过字词直接表达,不同的意思往往通过不同的短句表达出来。正是由于这个原因, 英译汉试题几乎百分之百都是长而复杂的句子,而翻译成中文经常就成了许多短小的句子。 例如:Interest in historical methods had arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.
【英语】高考英语翻译试题(有答案和解析)含解析
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实用英汉翻译教程答案
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Beidaihe Seaside Resort The Beidaihe Seaside Resort, a famous summer resort in China, lies 15 kilometers southwest of Qinghuangdao. With the Bohai Sea to its south and the Lianfeng Mountains to its north, the resort enjoys a long coastline, fine beaches and a calm sea, ideal for bathing. Moreover, the weather at the seaside is mild all the year round with the temperature in the hottest month averaging only 23°C. The sea wind by day and the land breeze by night make the place a best summer vacationland. The natural charm of Beidaihe is breathtaking. The East and West Lianfeng Mountains with their luxurious pines and cypresses and grotesque rocks extend far into the distance. In front of the mountains lies a vast expense of ocean stretching to the horizon while beautiful villas and buildings dot the green landscape. On the East Lianfeng Mountain, a rock looks just like a lotus flower, and two other rocks on the West Lianfeng Mountain, standing face to face, resemble two persons having a conversation. Meng Jiangnu Temple Meng Jiangnu Temple, 6.5 kilometers to the east of Shanhaiguan Pass, was first built in 1594, the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty. Legend has it that the husband of a women named Meng Jiangnu was sent to work on the Great Wall. To bring him winter clothes, Meng Jiangnu came to Shanghaiguan Pass from thousands of miles away. When she was told that her husband had died at work, she cried her heart out. Her tears of anguish bust the Great Wall and she jumped into the sea and died. Later, a temple was built in memory of her. It stands on the top of a hill, with stone steps leading to it. There are two halls in the temple. In the front hall stands the clay statue of Meng Jiangnu in plain white clothes, facing the sea with a sorrow look. In the rear hall is the statue of the Goddess of Mercy. Behind the hall is the “Rock of Waiting for the Husband”, the marks on which are said to be Meng Jiangnu’s footp rints. Nearby stands her Dressing Pavilion. Beijing-Toronto Hotel/Jinglun Hotel Beijing-Toronto is located on Jiangguomenwai Avenue, downtown Beijing, in the vicinity of the embassy quarters, Friendship Store and a number of major commercial buildings, with the world-famous Tian An Men Square only ten minutes away. Beijing-Toronto has 659 spacious rooms and suites, with wide comfortable beds. They are all equipped with modern facilities such as central air-conditioning, color TV with satellite transmitted programs, IDD and DDD calls and mini-bars, meeting international standards. In our room, one cannot help but feel cozy, comfortable and satisfied.