北京大学博士英语真题2003年

北京大学真题2003年

(总分100, 考试时间90分钟)

Part Ⅰ Structure and Written Expression

Directions: In each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put the letter of your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.

1.

Recognizing the shortage of time available to spend with their children, working, mothers sometimes take ______ in the concept of "quality time".

A refuge

B pride

C place

D action

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答案:A

2.

The term "New Australians" came into vogue in the 50s and 60s, which implied that the goal of immigration was assimilation and that migrants would place their new-found Australian identity ahead of the ______ context from which they had come.

A athletic

B ethic

C aesthetic

D ethnic

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答案:D

3.

Scholarships are too few to ______ the high-school graduates who deserve a college education.

A meet

B accommodate

C compromise

D adopt

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答案:B

4.

The study shows that laying too much emphasis on exams is likely to ______ students' enthusiasm in learning English.

A hold back

B hold off

C hold down

D hold over

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答案:A

5.

The robber tried to ______ the stolen goods from the house he had broken into, but was caught by the guards.

A make away with

B make off for

C get out

D get through

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答案:A

6.

The editors said they must report to the world how Beijing has ______ pollution and improved the quality of the environment.

A cut up

B cut off

C cut down

D cut out

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答案:C

7.

If drug abuse, prostitution, pollution, environmental decay, social inequality, and the like ______, more is required than an increased police presence or a fresh coat of paint.

A are to eliminate

B are eliminated

C are to be eliminated

D are being eliminated

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答案:C

8.

This toothed whale has a large, square head with ______ the so-called spermaceti.

A cavity to contain

B cavity containing

C the cavity for containing

D a cavity that contains

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答案:D

9.

______, the market will have to overcome some of the highest hurdles. It's seen in a long time.

A But to happen in that order

B But for that in order to happen

C But in order that to happen

D But in order for that to happen

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答案:D

10.

With its anti-terrorism campaign taking ______ over anything else, the government is extending its job and running in more affairs.

A superiority

B priority

C majority

D polarity

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答案:B

11.

The gap between those at the lowest level and those at the highest level of income has increased ______, and is continuing to increase.

A substantially

B successfully

C succinctly

D sufficiently

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答案:A

12.

China's economic reform is aimed at separating enterprises from the government. It has been implemented for almost 20 years, but breakthroughs ______.

A have been made yet

B have yet to make

C have yet to be made

D to have yet made

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答案:C

13.

Several trial efforts in the 1980s proved that it was financially ______ to restore old buildings.

A feasible

B probable

C beneficiary

D passable

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答案:A

14.

Unloved and unwanted youngsters may be tempted to run away from home to escape their problems, ______ bigger ones in cities plagued with crime, drugs, and immorality.

A have only found

B only finding

C only found

D only to find

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答案:D

15.

If the struggle for a sustainable society _____, we must have some vision of what we are aiming for.

A is to succeed

B has succeeded

C succeeds

D succeeded

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答案:D

16.

A trap ______ disguise is what has come to be called a Trojan Horse, from the ancient story of the gift of the wooden horse from the Greeks.

A offered as a gift in

B offers a gift in

C offering a gift to

D offered a gift of

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答案:A

17.

Telecommuting is a new form of work ______to work, such as fathers with children, the chance to work while remaining at home.

A that affording those unable previously

B affords those who were previously unable

C affording those previously unable

D afforded those previously unable

答案:C

18.

______ the passage of light, many new plastics are processed using technologies rivaling those used in the manufacture of computer chips.

A For the better of

B Permitting better

C To better permit

D It is better for

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答案:A

19.

The Flower Market in San Francisco is ______, and it was established in the 1930's.

A home of the second largest flower market in the country

B home to the country's second largest flower market

C the second flower market in the country's home

D the home to the second country's large flower market

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答案:B

20.

The loyalty of dogs to their masters has earned ______ "man's best friend".

A the nickname of

B them the nickname

C a nickname

D nicknames

答案:B

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions:Each of the passages is followed by some questions. For each question four answers are given. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.

Passage One

(1) Gerald Feinberg, the Columbia University physicist, once went so far as to declare that "everything possible will eventually be accomplished." Well, that of course left only the impossible as the one thing remaining for daring intellectual adventurers to whittle away at Feinberg, for one, thought that "they'd succeed even there."

(2) It was a point worth considering. How many times in the past had certain things been said to be impossible, only to have it turn out shortly thereafter that the item in question had already been done or soon would be. What greater cliche was there in the history of science than the comic litany of false it-couldn't-be-dones; the infamous case of Auguste Comte saying in 1844 that it would never be known what the stars were made of, followed in a few years by the spectroscope being applied to starlight to reveal the stars' chemical composition; or the case of Lord Rutherford, the man who discovered the structure of the atom, saying in 1933 mat dreams of controlled nuclear fission were "moonshine." And those weren't even the worst examples. No, the huffiest of all

it-couldn't-be-done claims centered on the notion that human beings could actually fly, either at all, or across long distances, or to the moon, the stars, or wherever else.

(3) There had been so many embarrassments of this type that about mid-century Arthur C. Clarke came out with a guideline for avoiding them, which he termed Clarke's Law: "When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible, he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very probably wrong."

(4) Still, one had to admit there were lots of things left that were really and truly impossible, even if it took some ingenuity in coming up with a proper list of examples. Such as. "A camel cannot pass through the eye of a needle." (Well, unless of course it was a very large needle.) On "It is impossible for a door to be simultaneously open and closed." (Well, unless of course it was a revolving door.)

(5) Indeed, watertight examples of the really and truly impossible were so exceptionally hard to come by that paradigm cases turned out to be either trivial or absurd. "I know I will never play the piano like Vladimir Horowitz," offered Milton Rothman, a physicist, "no matter how hard I

try". Or, from Scott Lankford, a mountaineer "Everest on roller skates."

21.

The false it-couldn't-be-dones in science are comic because ______.

A they are cliches, repeated too often by scientists

B they are almost always proved to be wrong by later scientific

research

C they are mocked at by later generations

D they provide material for good comedies

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答案:B

22.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A The author uses the case of a camel passing through the eye of a needle to prove his point that there are things impossible to accomplis

B That a scientist cannot play the piano like one of the best pianists

is not a proper illustration to prove that in science there are things impossible to accomplis

C Scott Lankford challenges the idea that mountaineers can never climb

the Everest on roller skate

D People now laugh at their predecessors for denying the possibility

of human fligh

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答案:B

23.

Through this passage, the author wants to ______.

A show us that scientists in the past years have made a lot of

misjudgments

B praise those scientists who dared to challenge the impossible

C emphasize the great potential of the scientific research made by

human beings

D analyze what is possible and what is impossible through scientific

efforts

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答案:C

Passage Two

(1) Since the lineage of investigative journalism is most directly traceable to the progressive era of the early 1900's, it is not surprising that the President of the United States at the time was among the first to articulate its political dimensions. Theodore Roosevelt called investigative reporters "muckrakers," after a character from John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress who humbly cleaned "the filth off the floor." Despite the misgivings implied by the comparison, Roosevelt saw the muckrakers as "often indispensable to the well-being of society".

(2) There are in the body politic, economic and social, many and grave evils, and there is urgent necessity for the sternest war upon them. There should be relentless exposure of and attack upon every evil man, whether politician or businessman.

(3) Roosevelt recognized the value-laden character of investigative journalism. He perceived correctly that investigative reporters are committed to unearthing wrongdoing. For these journalists, disclosures of morally outrageous conduct maximize the opportunity for the forces of "good" to recognize and do battle with the forces of "evil".

(4) So, the current folklore surrounding investigative reporting closely resembles the American ideal of popular democracy. Partly a product of its muckraking roots, this idealized perspective is also an outgrowth of the commonly perceived effects of exposes published in the early 1970's. The most celebrated of these exposes were the news stories that linked top White House officials to Watergate crimes. These stories were widely held responsible for the public's loss of confidence in the Nixon administration, ultimately forcing the President's resignation.

24.

When the author talks about the political dimensions of the investigative journalism he refers to ______.

A John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress and one of its characters "Muckrakers"

B its function of cleaning the dirt off the floor in public places

C its relentless exposures of political and social evils

D its indispensable status to the well-being of society

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答案:D

25.

Roosevelt's comparison of investigative reporters to "muckrakers" shows his view that these reporters ______.

A were treated lowly in the society

B reduced journalism to a humble job

C should be praised highly for their contributions to the society

D did unpleasant but necessary work

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答案:C

26.

By using the word "folklore", the author suggests that ______.

A people tend to romanticize what is thought to be American popular democracy

B investigative journalism enhances democracy and freedom

C people often circulate the stories they read from investigative reports

D investigative reports have difficulty in convincing people as truth 该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2

答案:C

27.

The Watergate incident is mentioned to show ______.

A journalism has a tangible effect on politics

B the Watergate incident is an abuse of the political power

C journalism subverts legitimate political power

D the victory of American freedom of speech

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答案:A

Passage Three

(1) Viewed from a star in some other corner of the galaxy, Earth would be a speck, a faint blue dot hidden in the blazing light of our sun. While our neighbors Venus and Mars would reflect a fairly even glow. Earth would put on a little show. Earth's light would brighten and dim as it spins, because oceans, deserts, forests and clouds which are all too small to be seen from such a distance, reflect varying amounts of sunlight. The variations, it turns out, are so strong and distinctive that surprising amount of information could be taken from a simple ebb and flow of light. Scientists at Princeton University and the Institute for Advanced Study conducted a detailed study of Earth's reflections as a way for human scientists to learn about distant planets that may be like our own. (2) "If you looked at our solar system from far away, and you looked at the terrestrial planets Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars, one of the quickest ways to see that Earth is unique, which is by looking at the light curve," said Ed Turner, professor of astrophysics and a co-author of the study. "Earth has by far the most complicated light curve." The standard thinking in the field had been that most of the information about an Earth-like planet would come from spectral analysis, a static reading of the relative component of different colors within the light, rather than a reading of changes over time. Spectral analysis would reveal the presence of gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide and oxygen, in the planet's atmosphere. Looking at the change in light over time does not replace spectral analysis, but it could greatly increase the amount of information scientists could learn, said Turner. It may indicate, for example, the presence of weather, oceans, ice or even plant life.

28.

"Earth would put on a little show" means: as it spins, ______.

A Earth is a more active planet than Venus and Mars

B Earth reflects a brighter light curve than Venus and Mars

C Earth shows oceans, deserts, forests and clouds, while Venus and Mars don't

D Earth reflects sunlight in an ebb-and-flow manner

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答案:D

29.

Spectral reading of the light reflected by an Earth-like planet ______.

A can tell us the components of that planet's atmosphere

B can locate oceans and forests on that planet

C can show what the weather on that planet is like

D is the quickest way to study its light curve

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答案:A

30.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A Scientists at the Princeton University want to find that distant planets are like our Eart

B Among all the terrestrial planets Earth's light curve is the most complicate

C Spectral study of the light will see no development of itself because it is stati

D Spectral reading is used as a supplementary method to the study of

the change in light over tim

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答案:B

Section B

Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then explain in your own English the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts. Put your answers in the ANSWER SHEET.

(31)A couple of months ago, Singaporean officials unintentionally made cinematic history. They slapped an NC-17 rating on a film, which means children under 17 cannot see it, not because of sex or violence or profanity, but because of bad grammar. Despite its apparently naughty title. Talking Cock, the movie is actually an innocuous comedy comprising four skits about the lives of ordinary

Singaporeans. The censors also banned a 15-second TV spot promoting the flick.

(32) All this is because of what the authorities deemed "excessive use of Singlish."

(33) Given the tough crackdown, you would expect Singlish to be a harmful substance that might corrupt our youth, like heroin or pornography. But it's one of Singapore's best-loved quirks, used daily by everyone from cabbies to CEOs. (34) Singlish is simply Singaporean slang, whereby English follows Chinese grammar and is liberally sprinkled with words from the local Chinese. Malay and Indian dialects.

I like to talk cock, and I like to speak Singlish. It's inventive, witty and colorful. (35) Singlish is especially fashionable these days among the younger generation, in part because it gives uptight Singapore a chance to laugh at itself. But the government is not amused. It doesn't like Singlish because it thinks it is bad language and bad for Singapore's image as a commercial and financial center.

31.

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32.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2

33.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2

34.

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35.

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Part Ⅲ Cloze Test

Directions: Fill in each numbered blank in the following passage with ONE suitable word to complete the passage. Put your answers in the ANSWER SHEET. It is a dream world, where chemists can turn a sow's ear into a silk purse, where bioengineers can put a little bit of a sheep into a wolf, or vice versa, and where the life-styles of the rich are beamed by satellite (36) every upwardly mobile village on the planet. Thanks to science and technology, more people are consuming a more amazing array of worldly goods than at any time in history.

But beneath the surface all is not well. Like Oscar Wilde's fictional creation Dorian Gray, who stayed forever (37) while a portrait of him in the attic aged horribly. The modern economy masks a disfigured planet. The engine of consumption has scarred the land and stained the sea, (38) away at the foundations of nature and threatening to destroy humanity's only means of survival. Today's elderly, born at the beginning of last century, started life in a

world (39) about 50% of its ancient forests still standing. Though far from pristine, it was a world of oceans and land masses teeming with all kinds of life. But those who will be born after the turn of the millennium will (40) of age to find that previous generations have squandered and defiled their inheritance, foreclosing some options even as new ones were created. Our grandchildren may have (41) to conveniences that further reduce the drudgery of everyday life, but they will also inherit a planet with less than 20 % of its original forests (42) , with most of the readily available freshwater already spoken for and much of the arable (43) under plough. They will inherit a stressed atmosphere and an unwanted legacy of toxic waste in the soil and water. Missing from the estate will be countless species, most (44) out before even (45) catalogued by scientist.

36.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2

37.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2

答案:young

38.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:eating

39.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:with

40.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:come

41.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:access

42.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:intact

43.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2答案:land

44.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 2

答案:wiped

45.

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答案:being

Part Ⅳ Proofreading

Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each underlined sentence or part of a sentence. You may have to change a word, add a word or just delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out with a slash (—) and write the correct word near it. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words (in brackets) immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash (—). Put your answers in the ANSWER SHEET.

(46)Clonaid, a company associated by a group that believes extraterrestrials created mankind, announced Friday that it had produced the first clone of a human being. According to the spokeswoman, it is a baby girl who appears to have been born healthy.

(47) As we know, cattle, mice, sheep and other animals have been cloned in the past years with mixing success. (48) All cloned animals have displayed defects later in life. (49) Scientists fear same could happen with cloned humans.

(50) The company Clonaid is viewed skeptical by most scientists, who doubt the group's technical ability to clone a human being. (51) But the Clonaid spokeswoman said an dependent expert will confirm the baby's clone status through DNA testing.

(52) Clonaid is lead by Brigitte Boisselier a former deputy director of research at the Air Liquide Group, a French producer of industrial and medical gases. (53) Clonaid is also linked to a sect called the Raelians whose founder, Claude Vorihon, describes himself for a prophet and calls himself Rael. (54) The group believes cloning could extend human life for hundred of years. In fact, Clonaid has been racing the Italian fertility doctor Severion Antinori to produce

the first cloned baby. (55) Antinori said in last month he expected one of his patients to give birth to a cloned baby in January.

46.

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47.

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答案:mixing→mixed

48.

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答案:All→Some

49.

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答案:same→the same

50.

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答案:skeptical→skeptically

51.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1

答案:will→was going to

52.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1

答案:lead→led

53.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1

答案:for→as

54.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1

答案:hundred→hundreds

55.

该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1

答案:in

Part Ⅴ Writ ing

Direction: Write a short composition of about 250 to 300 words on the topic given below.

1.

Topic: Comment on the Development of the Internet

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深色：已答题浅色：未答题

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Reading Text 1 Few social problems have increased so suddenly or been dramatized so effectively as the plight of the homeless in the 1980s and 1990s.Once an invisible people who could easily be ignored, the homeless are now recognized everywhere on the streets and in the public facilities of major cities. There are bag ladies who roam the streets carrying what is left of their possessions in shopping bags or grocery carts. There are disoriented men curled up on benches, in stairwells, or alongside walls. There are children – some runaways and some throwaways scrounge(偷，骗取) for food and shelter. The number of homeless people in underdeveloped societies in the mid-1980s was estimated by the United Nations (UN) to be more than 100 million. The so-called “new”homeless live in the developed, industrialized nations of Europe, North America, and East Asia. Accurate statistics have been impossible to verify, in part because of the conflicting viewpoints on the subject of homelessness. Politicians, lawyers, and others who become advocates for the homeless have said that there are from 2 to 3 million homeless in the US alone. Others who have studied the problem from a less sympathetic point of view suggest that the

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浙大考博英语真题部分考试

浙大考博英语真题部分考试

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2016年浙江大学博士生英语 听力 PART A Welcome to Everglades National Park. The Everglades is a watery plain covered with saw grass that's home to numerous species of plants and wildlife. At one and a half million acres, it's too big to see it all today, but this tour will offer you a good sampling. Our tour bus will stop first at T aylor Slough. This is a good place to start because it's home to many of the plants and animals typically associated with the Everglades. You'll see many exotic birds and, of course, our world famous alligators. Don't worry, there's a boardwalk that goes across the marsh, so you can look down at the animals in the water from a safe distance. The boardwalk is high enough to give you a great view of the saw grass prairie. From there we'll head to some other marshy and even jungle like areas that feature wonderful tropical plant life. For those of you who'd like a closer view of the saw grass prairie, you might consider renting a canoe sometime during your visit here. However, don't do this unless you have a very good sense of direction and can negotiate your way through tall grass. We'd hate to have to come looking for you. You have the good fortune of being here in the winter—the best time of year to visit. During the spring and summer, the mosquitoes will just about eat you alive! Right now they're not so bothersome, but you'll still want to use an insect repellent. Welcome to Everglades National Park. The Everglades is a watery plain covered with saw grass that's home to numerous species of plants and wildlife. At one and a half million acres, it's too big to see it all today, but this tour will offer you a good sampling. Our tour bus will stop first at Taylor Slough. This is a good place to start because it's home to many of the plants and animals typically associated with the Everglades. You'll see many exotic birds and, of course, our world famous alligators. Don't worry, there's a boardwalk that goes across the marsh, so you can look down at the animals in the water from a safe distance. The boardwalk is high enough to give you a great view of the saw grass prairie. From there we'll head to some other marshy and even jungle like areas that feature wonderful tropical plant life. For those of you who'd like a closer view of the saw grass prairie, you might consider renting a canoe sometime during your visit here. However, don't do this unless you have a very good sense of direction and can negotiate your way through tall grass. We'd hate to have to come looking for you. You have the good fortune of being here in the winter—the best time of year to visit. During the spring and summer, the mosquitoes will just about eat you alive! Right now they're not so bothersome, but you'll still want to use an insect repellent.----- 文章来源托福听力 听力是托福内容，完型填空是大学英语教程第四册里面的内容~~~

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北大英语真题.doc

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2019年浙江大学硕士生英语机考及考博英语-听力部分模拟题(难度相当)

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北京大学考博英语历年试题综合分析 导言：考博英语真题的重要性 全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考试大纲时，对英语的考核基本上不指定参考书，考生在备考时往往感到漫无目的，无所适从，所以对各大院校的考博英语历年真 题分析则显得尤为重要。华慧考博英语教研中心在历时8年的教学研究的过程中，总 结国内50多所重点院校的考博英语试题的出题特点与规律，认为考生精研各院校的历年试题对考出良好的成绩有非常大的帮助。 考博英语试题的独特性 众所周知，英语类的考试，如高考、大学英语四六级、专业四八级考试、研究生 入学考试等均由统一的命题组人员统一命制试题，命题组阵容强大，且耗费的人力、物力也不在少数，其题目基本是原创题目。而考博英语却并非这样，因此，考博英 语有其自身的独特性，考博英语的独特性主要表现在其命题方式与题目来源两方面。 首先，从命题方式来看，博士考试中，要求考生达到英语的最低分数线，这一要 求就注定了各大考博院校的英语试题的命题方式，各大考博院校不会花费大量的人力、物力及时间原创一套考博英语试题。并且各大院校为了保证其试题的准确性，一般会 选择已经考过的各类相关难度的试题，这样就可以避免出现大量的因个人学术水平方 面而引起的错误和争议。 其次，从题目来源看，各大院校的考博英语试题基本来自专四、专八、六级、杂 志文章或其它考博院校的原题，极少出现原创题目。因其题目来源的独特性，我们研 究各大院校的考博英语试题就显得非常有必要且益处极大。如果考生在考前了解了这 一情况，且充分重视这个规律，那么获得考博英语高分不是什么难事。所以考生考前 精研考博英语真题是非常有必要的。

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通用考博英语历年真题

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