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大学跨文化英语综合教程I Unit 6 Making Sense of China课文翻译

Making Sense of China

Romain Vuattoux

1 For many foreigners, China is a mystical faraway land with a strange difficult language, an ancient complex culture and an inexplicable economic miracle, sometimes praised and sometimes demonized by Western media.Much of these perceptions are stereotyped and biased, and it is not until these foreigners come to China that their mind begins to change and their preconceived ideas shatter to pieces. Yet more confusion and strong feelings, such as surprise, frustration and loneliness, usually arise from the experience of living in China. One can only wonder: How can such a foreign place feel so much like home yet be so diff erent? How can such a place generate so many contradictory feelings?

2 From the first day I arrived in China, it has been an explosion of the senses. The first sense stimulated was the sense of smell. China has a specific smell, which you recognize when you land at the airport and when you walk on the streets. In the warm humid summer air of southern cities such as Shanghai, it is a mixture of food, sweat, pollution, exhausts, garbage and sewer. The fragrances that many a foreigner may associate with China is that of street food and especially the odor of “choudoufu” (stinky tofu)and that of “baijiu” (rice wine). Every foreigner who has lived in China remembers the first time they wondered what animal had died nearby, and many have great tales of their fi rst trial at eating “choudoufu,” or drinking“baijiu.”

3 Hearing is probably the sense that is excited in the most unpleasant manner. From people yelling on the phone in a congested metro or bus, to the constant honking of motorbikes, e-bikes, cars and even bicycles, or the bells of street seller and collectors, the noises made by construction sites,the ears are never left alone and silence is often hard to find. My personal funniest story about sound was the first morning I woke up in China. It was early in the morning, I was jet-lagged and a rooster was singing to the rising sun. After getting up, I investigated the origin of the sound. The rooster was not outside, but inside the echoing staircase, tied by the leg to the handrail of the building. As I inquired about the disappearance of the rooster a few days later, I learned that this loud creature was in fact the dinner of my upstairs neighbors. Fresh as it comes!

4 The sense of sight is aroused daily. Walking or cycling on the streets requires paying attention to all the obstacles on the sidewalks or on the roads all the time. Yet, the bigge st “visual attack” is probably the urban development going around at all time and at indefinable speed. I have seen cities changing, disappearing or being built at amazing speed where there were only rice paddies and vegetables. Beyond the architectural feats, I have seen some of the most modern and advanced technology in Shanghai, and traveled back in time in underdeveloped, remote villages in the mountains,where people live a simple and quiet life, far from the speed and stress of the cities and far from all the advanced technologies. I have seen the fast movement of commuters amidst the immobility of old people sitting in the sun on the sidewalk, or the slow motion of “taichi” disciples in the park among the square-dancing women. Even once my eyes are closed, I often dream of these sights.

5 The sense of touch is best illustrated by one experience I had when I first came to China. I call these “being an unknown superstar” and “being touched.” In my f irst

educational establishment, I sometimes had to teach in another campus on the other side of town. I would ride my bicycle across town to get to class, and it often felt like being in a movie. All the kids and adults stared and pointed to the “laowai” (foreigner) on his bicycle. As I took an excursion in the “deep” countryside, many people would approach me while I was buying some water or some snack and would start touching the hair on my arms.

6 For foreigners as for Chinese, the most important sense is the sense of taste. It is also certainly the one that provides the most pleasure and the base of many relationships.

I have been invited to many meals and took part in ceremonial drinking. I have seen food displays that are as elaborate as their tastes. Thousand-year-old eggs, snake, turtle, dumplings, bamboo,lotus root, pigs ears, lacquered ducks, duck neck and head, chicken feet,spicy fish head, the hundreds of ways of eating tofu are just some of the dishes that one discovers and appreciates. A lifetime would never suffice to try to taste all the specialties in China.

7 Orderly chaos, disorganized order, old and new, beautiful and filthy,clean and dirty, rich and poor, kindness and arrogance ... All are opposed sensations and situations living together, side by side. For me, China is a collision of feelings, a juxtaposition of experiences and perceptions that are usually contradictory. China is all these contradictions and diversity that somehow manage to live together almost harmoniously.参考译文

解读中国

罗曼·瓦图

对于很多外国人而言，中国是一个遥远而神秘的国度，有着奇特难懂的语言，古老深奥的文化，以及难以解释的经济奇迹，时而被西方媒体戴高帽，时而被他们妖魔化。这些看法多半是刻板印象和固有成见。直到这些外国人亲自来到中国，他们的看法才会发生转变，他们对中国原有的主观臆想才会土崩瓦解。然而，更多的困惑迷茫和诸如惊奇、挫败感和孤独感的强烈感受，通常源自在中国生活的经历。人们不禁会问：为什么这样一个陌生之地让人感到宾至如归的同时又是这样的与众不同？为什么这样一个地方会给人这么多相互矛盾的感觉？

自打第一天来到中国，我就置身于各种感觉“轰炸”中。第一个被激发的感觉是“嗅觉”。中国有种特别的气味，这种气味从你一下飞机、走在街上就能辨别出来。在上海这样的南方城市，夏季空气往往湿热，这种气味融合了来自食物、汗液、污染、废气、垃圾以及阴沟的种种味道。许多外国人说到中国的气味，可能就会想到排档小吃——尤其是臭豆腐或者白酒——所散发的气味。每一个在中国生活过的外国人都记得他们起初曾纳闷附近什么动物死了。很多外国人都对他们第一次吃臭豆腐或者喝白酒的经历津津乐道。

“听觉”可能是以最不愉快的方式被触发的一种感受。在拥挤的地铁或公交车上，人们对着手机大喊大叫，摩托车、电瓶车、小轿车，甚至是自行车的喇叭按个没完，街头小贩和收垃圾者的铃声不断，建筑工地噪声一片。耳朵时刻没有闲着，宁静常常难以寻觅。我自己经历过的有关声音的最有趣的事，发生于我在中国醒来的第一个早晨。那时候还很早，我仍在倒时差。一只公鸡正对着冉冉升起的太阳打鸣。起床后，我去追踪这一声音的出处。那只公鸡不在室外，而是在回音效果很好的楼梯背后，一只脚被拴在楼梯扶手上。几天后，这只公鸡不见了。当我问其下落时，被告知这只歌声嘹亮的动物已成了我楼上邻居的盘中餐。多么新鲜的食材啊！

我们的“视觉”每天都在被唤醒。走在街上或者骑车必须时刻注意人行道或马路上的每一个障碍物。然而，最大的“视觉冲击”也许来自无时无刻不在进行中的市政工程建设，其建设速度之快，令人瞠目。我一直看到城市一会儿变了，一会儿没了，原先还是只种水稻和蔬菜的地方造起了房子，速度着实惊人。除了这些建设成就，我还在上海看到了最新、最先进的科技；我去过一些欠发达的偏远山村，感觉回到了过去，那里的人们过着简单而宁静的生活，远离城市的飞速发展和生活压力，也远离所有的发达科技。在路边晒太阳的行动不便的老人中间，我看到步履匆匆的上班族走过；在公园里跳着欢快的广场舞的大妈中间，我看到太极拳学徒的一招一式。即使闭上眼睛，我依然会梦见这些场景。

关于“触觉”，用我初到中国时遇到的一件事来诠释，实在是再恰当不过了。我将这些体验称为“成为不知名的巨星”和“被人触摸”。在我的第一个教学单位，我有时要去小镇另一头的校园上课。每次骑车穿过小镇去上课，我经常觉得自己像是在拍电影。所有的孩子和大人都会盯着、指着自行车上的“老外”。去偏远乡村远足时，很多人都会过来看我买水或者买吃的，还伸出手来，摸摸我胳膊上的汗毛。

对外国人和中国人而言，“味觉”都是最重要的一种感觉，它肯定是给人带来最多愉悦的感觉，也是很多人际关系的基础。我受邀出席过很多饭局和酒会，见过色香味俱全的菜肴。松花蛋、蛇、甲鱼、饺子、竹笋、莲藕、猪耳、酱鸭、鸭脖、鸭头、鸡爪、剁椒鱼头以及数百种吃法的豆腐，这些只是人们发现和喜欢的众多菜肴中的一部分。至于所有的中国菜肴，恐怕一个人花上一辈子的时间都无法尝遍。

乱中有序、序中有乱、新与旧、美与丑、干净与肮脏、富有与贫困、善良与傲慢……这些相互对立的感受和场景，在这里共生共存。对我来说，中国是一个多种感觉碰撞的地方，是一个相互矛盾的经历和感知交汇的地方。中国就是一个多样性和矛盾性通过某种方式得以和谐共处的地方。

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