5精讲精练----介词+关系词引导的定语从句
定语从句精讲精练——介词+关系代词引导
的定语从句
第一部分精讲——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
【知识点1】
直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）两种结构。
【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.
【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.
【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.
【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.
【知识点2】
直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。
【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner. 【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.
【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from. 【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago.
【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood.
【知识点3】
关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago.
=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
=Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
【例】I don’t know the reason why he said so.
=I don’t know the reason for which he said so.
【知识点4】
有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：
【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.
【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30. 【知识点5】
注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen.
【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students. 【知识点6】
不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all,many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。
【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like
English.
【例】These are books written by Mark Twain, one of which（=of which one）was read to me by my father
【例】She has two sons, neither of whom（=of whom neither）is a teacher. 【例】She has many books, none of which(=of which none) is interesting.
【知识点7】
关系代词whose+名词引导的定语从句可转化为the+名词+of+ which / whom 或of+ which/whom+ the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。
【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken.
=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.
= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.
【例】This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.
= This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent.
= This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent.
【知识点8】
由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+which/whom+ to do 结构。
【例】I have a small room in which I live in.
=I have a small room in which to live.
=I have a small room to live in.
【例】He has a good friend to whom he can turn for help.
=He has a good friend to whom to turn for help.
=He has a good friend to turn to for help.
【知识点9】
介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。
【例】He used to live in London, from where he came from.
【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.
【知识点10】
如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与介词的适当搭配；介词与先行词的正确搭配。
【例】The picture ______which he paid $100 was once owned by a king. 【析】定语从句谓语是pay some money；先行词为the picture；还原句子即：He paid $100 ____ the picture.在本句中填上合适介词；构成短语：pay some money for something。
【例】This is Tom Sawyer, ______ whom his teacher is proud.
【析】还原：His teacher is proud ___ Tom Sawyer.构成短语：be proud of。【例】Can you think of a situation __in__ which this word can be used?
【例】I’m grateful to him for that advice, __to__ which I owed all my success.
第二部分精练——介词+关系词专项练习
1．On his 10th birthday. Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _____he believes that he can go to the wild.
A. which
B. from what
C. through which
D. that
2．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________ people were eaten by the tiger.
A. that
B. by which
C. which
D. in which
3. I am grateful to him for that advice, _______ I owe all my success.
A. which
B. that
C. to which
D. by which
4．The farmers use wood to build a house ______to store grains all the year around.
A. with which
B. to which
C. which
D. in which
5．—Can you tell me where Peter lives?
—Over there. The two storey house, _____there is a garden.
A. near it
B. from which
C. in front of it
D. in front of which 6．—Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else_______ ,is there?
A. who to turn to
B. she can turn to
C. for whom to turn
D. for her to turn
7．Is there a gas station around_____ _ I can get some petrol?
A. which
B. what
C. where
D. that
8. The biggest hobby in American, the one Americans spend most time, energy and money, is gardening.
A. that
B. which
C. on which
D. /
9. Newton invented a new kind of telescope mirrors in stead of lenses.
A. which used
B. in which he used
C. that he used
D. in that he used
10. The Second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945.
A. that
B. which
C. during that
D. in which
11.In fact the Swede did not understand the questions were asked in French.
A. where
B. who
C. in which
D. which
12. Antarctic we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A. which
B. that
C. about which
D. where
13. The doctor is leaving for Africa next month.
A. the nurse is talking to him
B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to
D. who the nurse is talking
14. The train she was travelling was late.
A. which
B. where
C. on which
D. in which
15. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _________ up to half will be from overseas.
A) in which B) for whom C) with which D) of whom
16. The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed.
A. in which
B. worn by
C. wearing which
D. that
17. Can you lend me the book the other day?
A. which you talked
B. that you talked
C. about that you talked
D. you talked about
18. There are two small rooms in the house, served as a kitchen.
A. the smaller of which
B. the small of which
C. the smaller of them
D. smallest of which
19. Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village ______ he belonged
A. to which
B. which
C. to where
D. at which
20. I remained in the office until 5:30 ____ all the others had left.
A. at which B when C. by which time D. that
21. That’s the dog ____.
A. we’ve been looking after
B. after which we’ve been looking
C. what we’ve been looking after
D. we’ve been taking care for
22. China has many rivers, ____ the Changjiang River is the longest.
A. which
B. in which
C. among which
D. one of which
23. She hasn’t got enough money ___ to buy the necklace.
A. which
B. for which C . with which D. that
24. Because of air pollution being reduced, this city is still ____.
A. a good place in which to live
B. lived as a good place
C. a good place to live
D. living in as a good place
25. Don’t talk about such things of __________ you are not sure.
A. which
B. what
C. as
D. those
26.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ____they are being trained.
A. in that
B. for that C .in which D. for which
27.He was educated at a local grammar school, ____he went on to Cambridge.
A. from which
B. after that
C. after which
D. from this
28.I have many friends, _____some are businessmen.
A. of them
B. from which
C. who of
D. of whom
29. The house was built on a hillside, ______was a pleasant, windy valley.
A. below which
B. under which
C. by which
D. behind which
30. I met Mary again, ______I had spoken about something important.
A. who
B. to whom
C. whose
D. of whom
31. Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day?
A. that you talked
B. you talked about it
C. which you talked with
D. you talked about
32. Is this just the city ____ the foreign guests wish to pay a visit _____.
A. which, of
B. to which, /
C. that, to
D. to that, /
33. China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
A. from that
B. from where
C. from there
D. from here
34. He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.
A. two of whom
B. both of whom
C. both of which
D. all of whom
35. The buses, _____ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. most of that
B. which most
C. most of which
D. that most
36. He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.
A. who
B. that
C. from which
D. from whom
37. I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.
A. of which
B. for which
C. to that
D. to which
38. You may call on me from one to five o’clock, during _____ I am always at home.
A. the time
B. what time
C. that time
D. which time
39. He met my mother, from ______ he got the news of my marriage.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. her
40. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further,
________ New York is an example.
A. for which
B. in which
C. of which
D. from which
41. He was seeking for someone ___________ he could talk without caution.
A. to which
B. whom
C. to whom
D. for whom
42. Ashdown Forest, _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t forest any longer.
A. which
B. under which
C. by which
D. through which
43. He was educated at the local high school, _______ he went on to Beijing University.
A. after which
B. after that
C. in which
D. in that
44. Humor was a means ________ the American writer would win popular
acceptance.
A. in which
B. of which
C. which
D. by which
45. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction _____ she had come.
A. of which
B. by which
C. in which
D. from which
46. I was given three books on cooking, the first ______ I really enjoyed.
A. of that
B. of which
C. that
D. which
47. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _____ wanted to buy it.
A. none of them
B. both of them
C. none of whom
D. neither of whom
48. We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of _____ are healthy.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. whom
49. It is reported that two schools, ____ are being built in my hometown, will open next year.
A. they both
B. which both
C. both of them
D. both of which
50. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _____ they can be controlled on purpose.
A. with which
B. to which
C. of which
D. for which
51. Eric received training in computer for one year, ___ he found a job in a big
where引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词
where引导的定语从句修饰抽象名词。 一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。 The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。 We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。 注：有时point也可以是具体的地点： Let the point where AB cuts CD be called E. 设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。 The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1. 事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。 二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb. 在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。 三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。 四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。 If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。 五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job. 这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。 六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job
定语从句 知识讲解 “介词+关系代词”的用法
介词+关系词怎么用？介词加关系词分别等于什么？ 答：一、“介词＋关系代词”的用法 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”。例如： Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office? Where is the supermarket in which you bought the laptop last week? ●使用“介词＋关系代词”要注意以下几点： (一)选用介词的依据： (1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。例如： Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. (2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。例如： The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist. (3) 根据句子的意思来选择。例如： The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside. (4) 表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。例如： I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer. (二)在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look after, look for等。例如： The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正) The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误) (三)“of which / whom”有时可以用“whose＋名词”结构来改写。例如： The building whose roof was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired.
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 请同学们先看下面的高考题： 1. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be controlled on purpose. A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which 2. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ______ effects the people are still suffering. A. that B. whose C. those D. what 3. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction ______ she had come. A. of which B. by which C. in which D. from which 4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ______ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 【点拨】 ●“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose。但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制，关系代词还可以省去，尤其在口语中。如： 1) Do you know the girl to whom our teacher was talking? = Do you know the girl (that/who/whom) our teacher was talking to? 2) The school (that/which) my brother once studied in is very famous. = The school in which my brother once studied is very famous. 2.关系副词when，where，why可用“介词＋which”来代替。关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词。其中 when=表时间的介词（如：in，at,on,during等）+which； Where=表地点的介词（如：in，at,on,under等）+which； Why=表原因的介词（如：for）+which (1)当先行词表示时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语时，通常用关系副词when引导，此时也可选用表示时间的介词＋which来代替关系副词when。 I still remember the day when I came here. ( on the day =when) (2)当先行词表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用关系副词where引导，此时也可选用表示地点的介词＋which来代替关系副词where。 This is the house where I lived last year. ( in the house= where) (3)当先行词为reason，定语从句中缺少表示原因状语时，通常用关系副词why引导，此时也可以用for which来代替关系副词why。 There are many reasons why people like traveling. (for the reasons =why) 注意： 1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开, 介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如: look for, look after, take care of， pay attention to, look forward to 等。
where引导定语从句的用法
Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表 示地点 1、We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly、A、which B、as C、why D、where 2、He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car、 A、which B、as C、why D、where 两道题都选where ,但就是case, situation都不就是地点,如何理解？ 在“先行词不就是表示地点的名词”的前提下,如何判断就是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题就是一个高频考点。就就是说,关系副词where 所指代的先行词不只就是表示地点的名词。
用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解,当where 引导定语从句时,它的先行词就就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不就是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请瞧以下几个例句: Other research, where siblings have been asked to say who their mother and father favor, suggests that mothers do tend to show a preference for their first-born son, but fathers often show great affection for their youngest daughters、 1、Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other、请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。
定语从句介词加关系词
“介词+ which / whom ”引导的定语从句 1. 介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词 与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出介词+关系代词”句型。 2. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代 词有 that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系畐U词有 where, when, why 等。 3. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. 一、基本构成 1. 介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系 代词只能用which (指物)或 whom(指人)，即：介词 +which/whom 。 (1)The man to whom you spoke is a teacher. (2)The city in which she lives is far away. (3)The little girl is reading a book ,in which there are many cartoons. 注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。 2. 在定语从句中，当介词置于定语从句的谓语动词之后时，可用that/which(指物); that/who/whom (指人)作介词的宾语.且此处关系代词可以省略。如： (1)The man (who/whom /that ) you spoke to is a teacher. (2)The city (which/that ) she lives in is far away. 注:通常介词放在定语从句中动词后，也可以放在关系代词前面，但有些特殊动词短语搭 配不能拆分，介词只能放在动词后，女口： look for, look after, pay atte ntion to ,take care of , look forward to, liste n to 等。 This is the pen (that / which) you are look ing for. The patient ( who/whom /that ) she is looking after is her father. The words( that /which) we should pay attention to are written on the blackboard. There are fifty patients (who/whom/that )we must take good care of. 练习： Are these sentences right?
介词+关系词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 介词加关系代词引导的定语从句要注意以下几点： 1．“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which（指物）和whom （指人），即：介词+which/whom。不能用that 和who。 .This is the teacher from whom we’ve learned a lot. 这就是从他那里我们学了很多东西的老师。 Great changes have taken place in the city in which we live. 我们所居住的城市发生了巨大的变化。 2．有时介词也可放在从句的末尾，这时关系代词可用which/that(指物)， who/whom/that（指人），也可以省略。 . The situation (which/that ) we had got into was very dangerous. 我们当时的处境很危险。 The man (whom/who/that) you were talking to just now is my English teacher. 你刚刚和他谈话的那个人是我的英语老师。 3．当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配，不可分割时，那么动词短语中的介词不能前置。 .This is the pen which I’m looking for. 这是我正在找的那支钢笔。 不能写成：This is the pen for which I’m looking. 4．定语从句也可由“名词/代词/数词+介词+which/whom”引出。 . That old man has two sons, one of whom is a doctor. 那个老人有两个儿子，其中一个是医生。 The house, the windows of which ( = whose windows = of which the windows) were damaged, has now been repaired. 窗子遭破坏的那栋房子现在已经修好了。 5．引导定语从句的关系副词(when, where, why) 可以用“介词+关系代词”代替。 .I’ll never forget the day when I joined the party. (when= on which). 我永远都不会忘记入党的日子。 The factory where my father works is in the east of the city. (where = in which). 父亲工作的那家工厂在城东。 None of us know the reason why Tom was absent from the meeting. (why = for which). 我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。
非限制性定语从句的引导词
、先行词指人,在句中作主语who: John,who is only five,has an inborn talent for music. (约翰是一外5岁大的孩子,有着天生的音乐才能。) 2、先行词指人,在句中作宾语whom: His wife,whom you met at my home,was a teacher. (他的妻子，就是你在我家遇见的那个，是一位老师。) 3、先行词指物,在句中作主语或宾语which: Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.(那座房子在地震中依然耸立，它是一百多年前建造的。) 注意：无论先行词指人或者指物,在句中作主语或者作宾语，非限制性定语从句的引导词都不能用that。 4、先行词在句中作定语，无论指人或者指物,引导词都用whose: The girl,whose name is Kate,is the top of the students in our school.(那个女孩是我们学校最优秀的学生，她的名字叫Kate。) The book,whose cover is red,is mine.(封面是红色的那本书是我的。) 5、先行词指物，在句中作时间状语用when： The sports meeting will be put off till next month,when we will have made all the preparations.(运动会将被推迟到下个月，那时我们做好一切准备。) 6、The next day we arrived in New York,where we were inerviewed on the radio.（第二天我们到达纽约，在那里我们接受了电台的采访。） 7、如果先行词作介词的宾语，先行词指人，介词提前的结构是：介词＋whom；先行词指物，介词提前的结构是：介词＋which: President Wilson,with whom he had not the same intimate relations,is treated much less sympathetically.(威尔逊总统与他没有同样的亲密关系，所以就没有被很同情地对待。) The Second World War,in which millions of people were killed,ended in 1945.(第二次世界大战造成数百万人的死亡，于1945年结束。) 8、as也可以引导定语从句，常与such连用： Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.(象你所描绘的那种人现在已经很少见了。) Let's disscuss only such questions as concern us.(让我们只讨论那些和我们有关的问题吧。) 注意：the same that+从句，意思是：正是那一个人或物；the same as+从句，意思是：就像某个人或物： He is the same man that you are looking for.(他就是你要找的那个人。) He is the same man as you met in the street.(他很象你昨天在街上遇见的那个人。实际上并不是那个人。) This is the same pen that I lost yesterday.(这就是我昨天丢失的那支笔。) This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.(这很像昨天我丢失的那支笔。)
定语从句(关系副词+介词+which whom)学生版
定语从句（学生版） 关系副词when, where, why 介词+whom/which引导的定语从句 一、基本概念 1. 定语从句除可用关系代词引导外，还可用关系副词_______, _______与_______来引导。 2. 它们的区别是：when用于指________，相当于in/ at/ on/ during which, where用于指 ________，相当于in/ at/ from which, why用于指________, 相当于for which。 3. 关系副词在定语从句中代替_______作_____语，_____省略，有时可以用________代替。 二、基本用法 1. 关系副词when关系副词和where的先行词是表示时间(如the day(s), the time, the year等)和地点(如the place, the house, the factory, the station等)的一类词，而关系副词why的先行词通常只是for the reason(s)。另外，________和________可引导限制性和非限制性定语从句，而________则只用于引导限制性定语从句，不用于引导非限制性定语从句。 ★用适当的关系副词填空 ①I will remember the day ______ I left my hometown forever. (作________状语= ________) ②This is the place ________ he works. (作________状语= ________________) ③He told me the reason ________ he was late again. (作________状语= ________________) 2. 注意不要以为在时间名词后就一定用关系副词when,在地点名词后就一定用关系副词 where,在表示原因的the reason后就一定用关系副词why。到底选用关系副词还是关系代词,关键是看它们在定语从句中是用作状语(用关系_______)还是用作主语或宾语(用关系_______)。英语中的关系副词主要是when, where, why三个。不要想当然地将how 用作关系副词修饰the way。如不说This is the way how he spoke，可改为This is how he spoke(how引导的是表语从句)，当然也可说成This is the way______________ he spoke. ★用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空 ①Don’t forget the time ________I’ve told you. 不要忘记我告诉你的时间。 ②I’ll never forget the days_______ I worked with you. 我永远不会忘记我与你共事的日子。 ③He works in a factory ________makes radio parts. 他在一家造无线电零件的工厂工作。 ④He works in the factory ________ his father worked. 他在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。 ⑤That’s the reason ________he explained to us. 那就是他向我们解释的理由。 ⑥That’s the reason ________she left home. 那就是她离家出走的原因。 3. 介词+关系代词的用法
which引导的定语从句的用法
which引导的定语从句的用法 WHICH可以引导定语从句，修饰表示事物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语。例如：HEWASREADINGABOOK， WHICHWASABOUTWAR.他正在读一本关于战争的书。（关系代词WHICH在修饰BOOK的定语从句中充当主语。） HEWASREADINGABOOK，WHICHHEHADBOUGHTFROMLONDON.他正在读一本书，这本书是从伦敦买回来的。（关系代词WHICH在修饰BOOK的定语从句中充当宾语。） WHICH引导非限定性定语从句时有一个特殊用法，即它所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰主句中更多的部分甚至整个主句（这时被定语从句所修饰的“先行词”要作广义理解），WHICH仍在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。例如：HESETFREETHEBIRDSHAPPILY， WHICHWASACELEBRATIONFORHISSUCCESS.他开心地把鸟放了，这是对他成功的一种庆祝。 把非限定性定语从句“WHICHWASACELEBRATIONFORHISSUCCESS”的先行词视为主句中的“THEBIRDS”显然不符合整句的语境，被 “WHICHWASACELEBRATIONFORHISSUCCESS”所修饰的是整个主句，WHICH所引导的这类特殊的非限定性定语从句对主句所叙述的情况进行某种意义的补充说明，WHICH常可译为“这一点，这件事”。 ［考题1］ YOUCANFINDWHATEVERYOUNEEDATTHESHOPPINGCENTRE， ____ISALWAYSBUSYATTHEWEEKEND.（2006上海春） A.THAT B.WHERE C.WHAT D.WHICH ［答案］D
定语从句解释练习及答案
定语从句 ●关系词的意义及作用 定语从句是中学阶段英语语法中十分重要的一个语法项目。它在句子中出现的频率很高。对正确理解句子的意义起着举足轻重的作用。定语从句分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：1、引导定语从句。2、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。 理解和牢记这两条概念，弄清楚关系词在定语从句充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。 ●关系词的选用与判断 一. 关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分 正确选择关系词是掌握定语从句的关键。关系词的选择完全取决于先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分。关系词一共有九个，它们在从句中所充当的句子成分见下表。 关系词主语宾语表语定语状语替代 that √√√××人/物; which √√×××物 who √√√××人 whom ×√×××人 whose ×××√×人/物 when ××××√时间 where ××××√地点 why ××××√原因 as √√√××人/物 二、关系词的选用 1.指物时只用that不用which引导定语从句的场合： 1）当先行词是不定代词时：(all,much,little, none,the one, something, anything,everything.nothing等) Is there anything that you want to explain? You should hand in all that you have. 2)先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词或only,very, none, no, little, any, all, few, much等修饰时. This is the first step that can be taken.
介词 关系词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 【知识点1】 直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom （指人）两种结构。 【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner. 【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books. 【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago. 【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood. 【知识点2】 直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可省。 【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner. 【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved. 【例】He is a library assistant (whom/that/who) I borrowed some books from. 【例】It is a famous school (which/that) he graduated from 3 years ago. 【例】The chair (which/that) he is sitting on now is made of wood. 【知识点3】 关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。 【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago. =This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club? =Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 【例】I don’t know the reason why he said so. =I don’t know the reason for which he said so. 【知识点4】 有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前： 【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for. 【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30. 【知识点5】 注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。 【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen. 【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students. 【知识点6】 不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词结构；这也是高考常考点。其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。 【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English.
关系代词引导的定语从句
测试科目：高一英语备课时间：50分钟备选题目：关系代词引导的定语从句 备课方案如下 关系代词引导的定语从句 定义理解 定语：对名词或代词起修饰或限定作用的词、短语或句子。先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词，可分为关系代词和关系副词。 例句分析： The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our English teacher. 先行词定语从句 分析：关系词whom 主句The woman is our English teacher 定语从句whom you saw in the park
关系代词的主要用法 1.关系代词指物时，关系代词用which或that China is a country which has a large population. 2.关系代词指人时，关系代词用who/whom。若后面 紧跟名词表所属，则用whose The boy who is in red over there is my brother. The boy whose clothes is red is my brother. 3.以下四种情况只能用that 1）当先行词是all,much,little,few等不定代词时You should hand in all that you have. I did nothing that might hurt you. 2）当先行词是序数词、形容词、最高级或先行词有only,the same,the very,the last等词修饰时 This is the best film that has been shown so far in this city. Chatting is the only thing that interested her most. 3）当先行词既有指人又有指物的词时 She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in. 4）当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时Who is the person that is standing at the gate.
介词引导的定语从句 -答案
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式，这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句。关系代词前该选用什么样的介词，要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。一．介词选择的主要标准 1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配 Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。( to a degree ) The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。( in the play ) The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。( be trained for the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配 Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁？( shake hands with sb. ) Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月，东南亚的部分地区发生洪水，人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。(suffer from sth. ) 3.介词与定语从句中的形容词构成一种习惯性的搭配 Ours is a beautiful country , of which we are greatly proud . 我们的国家是一个美丽的国家，我们为之感到很自豪。( be proud of ) The woman to whom Spielberg is married is an actress. 同斯皮尔伯格结婚的女人是一位演员。( be married to ) The woman to whom he was engaged was a doctor. 他与之订婚的那个女士是位医生。(be engaged to ) 4.有时关系代词前用什么介词，要根据句子的意思来决定，此时不但要注意其前的搭配，也要注意其后的搭配 I was a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was , she had ran back in the direction from which she had come.看见一位妇女在黑暗中像我走来，我还没来得及认清她是谁，她已经从她来的方向跑回去了。（如果仅注意先行词，很容易受习惯心里的影响而使用in this direction 的搭配，但考虑到语境后的come ，则应该使用from。） He was educated at the local high school, after which he went on to Beijing University. 他在当地一所高中上学，之后他上了北京大学。（after which 的意思就是“在当地一所高中接受完教育之后”）。 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm. by which time many have got home.在 办公室我好像总是没时间，只有等到下午五点半，而那个时候大家都已经回家了。（此句不能受at 5:30 pm 的通常表达的影响而选用介词at, 而应该依据整个句子的语意来确定介词。）5.表示“所有格”或“整体与部分关系”时，用介词of The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days.这次环球旅行老水手用了9个月，其中航行的时间是226天。 The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad. 这个工厂每年生产50万双鞋，其中的（指50万双鞋）80%销往海外。 I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school, most of whom
带介词的定语从句解释
介词+which/whom 引导的定语从句 1．在“介词+which/whom”结构中，关系代词用which 还是用whom ，取决于它前面的先行词是物还是人。先行词是物，用which ；若为人，就用whom 。 如： (1)Nearby were two ships in which they had come to the island. (2)I can’t remember the name of the person to whom I gave the money. 2．这一结构用什么介词取决于先行词的意义和定语从句中谓语动词结构及“介词+which/whom”在句中的作用。 (3)This is the room in which we lived last year. (4)There were three people from whom we attempted to find out information. 3．因为含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面。此种情况下关系代词可用which, that , who, whom ，或将他们省略。 (5)Is this the book (which/that ) she was looking for? (6)The babies (whom /who/that) the nurse are looking after are very healthy. 4．表示地点、时间和原因含义的“介词+which”结构可分别用关系副词where, when 和why 替换。 (7)The earth on which /where we live is a planet. (8)I’ll never forget the day on which /when I joined the Lea gue. (9)Is there any reason for which /why you should have a holiday? 5．Of which可以代替whose 用来指物，其词序一般为“名词+ of which” (10)They live in a house whose door/the door of which opens to the north. (11)He has written a book whose name /the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. 6．“复杂介词 in front of, at the back of , on the top of, in the middle of 等+ which”结构可引导非限制性定语从句。 (12)He works in a factory, in front of which there is a river. (13)In the evening we arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 7．“介词+which/ whom”结构中的which 和 whom 不能替换为that，因为that 不能做介词宾语。如果用that ，介词必须反复到从句有关动词的后面