Accommodation 适应性Aerodynamics 空气动力学
Air Conditioner 空调
Air Drag 风阻
Air Suspension 空气悬挂Analysis 分析
Anti Corrosion 防腐
Anti Rust 防锈
Ashtray 烟灰盒
Assembly 装配
Assistant’s seat 副驾驶座Attaching Parts 附件
Azimuth 方位(角)(极坐标)Back Angle 靠背角
Backrest 靠背
Backup Lamp 倒车灯Binocular Obstruction 双眼盲区BIW (Body-In-White) 白车身Blower 风机
Body 车身,车体
Bolt 螺栓
Bonneted Cab 凸头驾驶室Bracket 托架
Breakdown 分块
Bumper 保险杠
Bushing 衬套
Case 壳体
Caution Plate 警告牌
Centroid 重心
Cigarette Lighter 点烟器Chassis 底盘
Chassis Frame 车架
Check Arm 限位器
Clip 卡扣
Cluster Meter 组合仪表盘
Coat Hanger 衣帽架
Coat Hook 衣帽钩
Collar 套环
Combination Switch 组合开关Comfort 舒适性
Component 总成
Concealed Wipers 隐藏式雨刮器Condenser 冷凝器
Contour 轮廓线
Controls 控制件
Convex Mirror 凸面镜
Coolant 冷却液
Cooler 制冷器
Crash 碰撞
Cup Holder 水杯架
Curtain 窗帘
Curtain Rail 窗帘滑轨
Curvilineal 曲线的
Dash Board 前围内板
Delivery of the Drawing 出图Displacement 位移
Door Check 限位器
Door Header Rail 车门顶轨
Door Lock 车门锁
Door Opening 门洞
Door Outer Handle 车门外手柄
Door Outer Panel 车门外板
Door Panel 门护板
Door Pocket 门袋
Door Regulator 车门玻璃升降器Door Sash 车门窗框
Door Striker 锁环
Door Trim 车门护板
Door Ventilator 三角窗
Drip Rail 滴水凹槽顶轨
Drive Configuration 驱动形式Dummy Plate 平衡板
Dynamic 动态的
Ellipsoid Surface 椭球面
Emblem 商标
Engine 发动机
Engineering 工程
Entrance Handrail 上车门扶手
Entry & Exit 进出
Ergonomics 人机工程学
Eyellipse 眼椭圆
Fatigue Analysis 疲劳分析
FEM (Finite Element Method) 有限元Fender 翼子板
Fender Protector 挡泥护板
Fender Stay 挡泥撑条
Fender Welt 挡泥衬板
Field of View 视野
Finish Washer 精加工垫圈
Fire Fighting Truck 消防车
Fixed 固定的
Flange Bolt 凸缘螺栓
Fleece 绒毛织物
Floor Insulator 地板隔热层
Fluid Reservoir 贮液罐
Fog Lamp 雾灯
Fore/aft 前后
Forward Control 平头
Frame 车架
Front Overhang 前悬
Front Panel 前挡板,前围外板
Front Turn Signal Lamp 前转向灯Fuse & Relay Box 保险丝和继电器箱Garnish 装饰板
Gauge 量表
Glare-free 防眩目
Glass Run Channel 玻璃滑槽Glazing Rubber Plate 镶玻璃用橡胶板Glove Box 杂物盒
Gradeability 爬坡度
Grille 格栅
Grip 扶手
Grommet 密封圈
Ground Clearance 离地间隙Halogen Headlamp 卤素大灯Handle Cover 手柄罩
Head Contour 头廓包络线
Head Restraints 头枕
Headlamp 前大灯
Headliner 顶棚
Headlining 顶棚内饰
Headrest 头枕
Heater 加热器
Heater Plumbing 取暖装置管路Height Adjuster 高度调节器
High-mount 高位
Hinge 铰链
Hinge Bracket 铰链托架
Holder 支架
Hood 发动机罩
Hook 挂钩
Hose 软管
Impact 碰撞
In-line 直列
Ingress/egress 进出
Inside Lock Knob 内锁止按钮Instrument Panel 仪表板Interior Trim 内饰
Intermittent Wiper 间歇式刮水器Joint 接头
Joint Duct 连接管道Kinematics 运动学
Lateral 横向
Lever 杆
籁绅士Plate 牌照
籁绅士Plate Bracket 牌号托架
籁绅士Plate Lamp 车牌灯
Lift-up Type 翻转式(前围外板)Linear 线性的
Load 载荷
Lock Cylinder & Key 锁芯和钥匙Longitudinal 长度方向的
Loose Panel 可卸盖板
Lower Apron 下挡板
Lumbar Support 腰托
Luxury Interior Level 豪华内饰Mud Guard 挡泥板
Mud Shield 挡泥板(侧)
Male-to-Female Ration 男女比例Manikin 人体模型Manoeuvrable 操纵灵活的Meeting Minutes 会议纪要Member 横梁
Meter & Gauge 仪表盘
Meter Cable 仪表电缆
Meter Cluster 仪表束
Meter Cover 仪表面罩
Meter Face 仪表面
Meter Hood 仪表罩
Milling 铣
Mirror Holder 后视镜支架Model 模型
Moquette 绒面
Mount 悬置
Movable Part 运动件
Mudguard 挡泥板
Muffler 排气消声器
Muscular Contour 强壮的外形(造型风格)))Non-linear 非线性的
Nozzle 喷嘴
Nut 螺母
Operation Hardware 开闭、锁紧装置Optimization 优化
Ornament 标识
Outlet 出风口
Overhead Console Box 高架箱
Packing 衬垫
Parking Brake Lever 驻车制动手柄Percentile 百分位
Perimeter 周长、周边
Pillar 立柱
Pin 销
Pivot Point 关节点
Plain Washer 平垫圈
Plan View 俯视图
Plate & Label 名牌和标识
Plate Nut 板螺母
Pneumatic Spring 空气弹簧
Pocket 凹槽
Pocket Facing 凹槽镶面
Power Steering 动力转向
Presentation 展示
Push Button 按钮
Push-on Spring Nut 顶推弹簧螺母
Quarter Panel 后顶盖侧板
Quarter Window 侧车窗
Radiator 散热器
Raised Roof 高顶
Rear Overhang 后悬
Rear View Mirror 后视镜
Rear Wall 后围
Reclining 倾斜
Reflector 反射板
Regulation 法规
Reinforcement 加强件
Rendering 效果图
Requirement 要求
Resin 树脂
Retainer 护圈
Rigidity 刚度
Rivet 铆钉
Roof Console 高架箱
Roof Hatch 天窗
Roof Panel 车顶板
Room Lamp 室内灯
Root-Mean-Square 均方根
Round Oval Instrumentation 环抱式仪表板Safety 安全性
Screw 螺钉
Screw Grommet 密封圈螺钉
Scuff 压条(门槛处)
Seat Bench 长排座
Seat Support 座椅支架
Seat Track 座椅导轨
Self-Supporting 自承载式
Service Parts 修理配件
Set Screw 定位螺钉
Shim 调整垫片
Shin-Knee Contour 膝部包络线
Shock Absorber 减振器
Side View 侧视图
Sight Line 视线
Silencer 消声器
Sill 横梁
Simulation 模拟
Sketch 草效果图
Sleeper 卧铺
Sleeping Bed 卧铺
Sleeping Berth 卧铺
Slide Adjuster 前后滑动调节器
Snap Ring 开口环
Snorkel 进气管
Snowplow 除雪车
Spacer 隔环
Speedometer 车速仪
Splash Apron 侧挡泥板
Spot Welding 点焊
Static 静态的
Steering Column 转向柱
Steering Column Adjuster 转向柱调整器Steering Gear 转向机构
Steering Wheel 方向盘
Step Plate 踏脚板
Step Protector 脚踏板护板
Stiffener 加强肋
Stiffness 刚度
Stop Lamp 制动灯
Stopper 挡块
Strain 应变
Strength 强度
Stress 应力
Structure 结构
Styling 造型
Sun Visor 遮阳板
Surfacing 线图
Suspension 悬架
Switch 开关
Tachograph & Speedometer 自记式转速记和车速表Tachometer 发动机转速表
Tail Lamp 尾灯
Tapping Screw 自攻螺钉
Template 模板
Ticket/Card Holder 名片夹
Tilt 翻转(驾驶室)
Tipper 自卸车
Tonnage 吨位
Torsional Stiffness 扭转刚度
Tread 轮距
Trim 饰件
Trim Panel 装饰板
Turning Radius 转弯半径
Upper Console 高架箱
Variant 变形车
Ventilation 通风
Vertical 垂直方向的
Vinyl 乙烯基
Washer 垫圈
Water Proof Film 防水层
Weather Strip 密封条
Wear-Resistant 防磨
Windscreen 风窗
Windshield 风窗
Windshield Washer 挡风玻璃洗涤器
Windshield Wiper 挡风玻璃刮水器
Wiper 刮水器
Wiper Arm 刮臂
Wiper Blade 刮片
Wiper Link Assembly 刮水器连杆组件
Wiring Harness 线束
07
轮椅升降机
Wheel chair lift
图例
legend
工位
station
吊运装置
overhead hoist
更衣室
restroom
1号厂房工艺布置方案图
proposal of the Plant I layout
合笼
mate
底盘平移台
chassis shuttle
车辆转移台
bus transfer
前围角板
front wall angle cover
后围侧板
rear wall side cover
保险杠
bumper
三类底盘
three type chassis
左侧围应力蒙皮
R/S stretching skin (road side)
中涂
floating coat
拼装台
collector
切割轮口
wheel -arch cutting
内饰
trim
线束
harness
返工
re-doing
轮罩护板
wheel house
发车前准备
pre-delivery
举升
hoist
小批量产品
be pilot
2 套
two kits
配电站
power transformer substation
裙板
skirt
发动机托架
engine holding frame
诊断报警系统
diagnosis and alarming system
互换性
interchangeability
缩微图纸
microfiche files
总装
final assembly
磷化
phosphating
仪表板
dash board
切齐
trimming
结构完整性
structure integrity
自动愈合的防腐材料
self-healing corrosion preventative material 长途客车
inter-city bus
改装厂
refitting factory
遮阳板
sun visor
随车工具
tool box
钢化玻璃
toughened grass
异形钢管
special steel pipe
全天候空调系统
full range A/C
强制通风
ram-air ventilation
停机时间
downtime
无公害柴油
clean diesel
宽敞悬臂式座椅
roomy cantilevered seat
防滑地板
no-skid floor
织物纹里铝合金
textured aluminum extrution 爬坡能力
grade ability
排水阀
drain valve
除湿器
moisture ejector
怠速时
at idle
琴式驱动桥
banjo type drive axle
通风口
duct
恒温控制
thermostatic control
平衡水箱
surge tank
变光开关
simmer switch
消音器
muffler
防破坏
vandal resistant
聚碳化透镜
poly-carbonate len
镀锌板
galvanized plate
搭接
lap
亮丽的外表
smart apperance
隐藏式固定
concealed fastening
水洼
ponding
发动机中置式客车
bus with under floor engine 组合式客车车身
modular bus body
薄壳式结构
shell construction
衬垫
pad
空气导流板
air deflector
搁梁
shelf beam
腰梁
waist rail
梭梁
stabilizing beam
腰带式安全带
diagonal safety belt
压条
trim strip
嵌条
insertion strip
翼板
fender
斜撑
bracing piece
转向盘回正性试验
test of steering wheel returnability
转向盘转角脉冲试验
steering wheel impulse input test
转向盘转角阶跃输入试验
steering wheel step input or transient state yaw response test
极限侧向加速度试验
limiting lateral acceleration test
汽车平顺性随机输入行驶试验
automobile ride random input running test
汽车平顺性单脉冲输入行驶试验
automobile ride single pulse input running test
汽车悬挂系统固有频率与阻尼比的测定试验
measurement of natural frequency and damping raito of suspension 功率突然变化影响试验
test of effect of sudden power change
收油门后控制试验
test of control at breakway
横风稳定性试验
test of crosswind stability
反冲试验
kick-back test
轮胎爆破响应时间试验
test of burst response of tyre
绕过障碍物试验
obstacle avoidance test
移线试验
lane change test
J型转弯试验
test of J turn
频率响应时间试验
frequency response test
瞬态响应时间试验
transient response test
阶路响应时间试验
step response test
脉冲响应试验
pulse response test
静态操舵力试验
static steering effort test
悬架举升试验
jack-up test of suspension
耐翻倾试验
test of overturning immunity
轮辋错动试验
rim slip test
风洞试验
wind tunnel test
制动稳定性试验
test of braking stability
最小转弯直径试验
minimum turning diameter test
操舵力试验
steering effort test
汽车发动机
类型
type
发动机
engine
内燃机
intenal combusiton engine
动力机装置
power unit
汽油机
gasoline engine
汽油喷射式汽油机
gasoline-injection engine
火花点火式发动机
spark ignition engine
压燃式发动机
compression ignition engine
往复式内燃机
reciprocating internal combustion engine 化油器式发动机
carburetor engine
柴油机
diesel engine
转子发动机
rotary engine
旋轮线转子发动机
rotary trochoidal engine
二冲程发动机
two-stroke engine
四冲程发动机
four-stroke engine
直接喷射式柴油机
direct injection engine
间接喷射式柴油机
indirect injection engine
增压式发动机
supercharged engine
风冷式发动机
air-cooled engine
油冷式发动机
oil-cooled engine
水冷式发动机
water-cooled engine
自然进气式发动机
naturally aspirated engine
煤气机
gas engine
液化石油气发动机
liquified petroleum gas engine 柴油煤气机
diesel gas engine
多种燃料发动机
multifuel engine
石油发动机
hydrocarbon engine
双燃料发动机
duel fuel engine
热球式发动机
hot bulb engine
多气缸发动机
multiple cylinder engine
对置活塞发动机
opposed piston engine
对置气缸式发动机
opposed-cylinder engine
十字头型发动机
cross head engine
直列式发动机
in-line engine
星型发动机
radial engine
筒状活塞发动机
trunk-piston engine
斯特林发动机
stirling engine
套阀式发动机
knight engine
气孔扫气式发动机
port-scavenged engine
倾斜式发动机
slant engine
前置式发动机
front-engine
后置式发动机
rear-engine
中置式发动机
central engine
左侧发动机
left-hand engine
右侧发动机
right-hand engine
短冲程发动机
oversquare engine
长冲程发动机
undersquare engine
等径程发动机
square engine
顶置凸轮轴发动机
overhead camshaft engine
双顶置凸轮轴发动机
dual overhead camshaft engine V形发动机
V-engine
顶置气门发动机
valve in-head engine
侧置气门发动机
side valve engine
无气门发动机
valveless engine
多气门发动机
multi-valve engine
卧式发动机
horizontal engine
斜置式发动机
inclined engine
立式发动机
vertical engine
W形发动机
I形发动机
I-engine
L形发动机
L-engine
F形发动机
F-engine
性能
performance
二冲程循环
two-stroke cycle
四冲程循环
four-stroke cycle
狄塞尔循环
diesel cycle
奥托循环
otto cycle
混合循环
mixed cycle
定容循环
constant volume cycle 工作循环
working cycle
等压循环
constant pressure cycle 理想循环
ideal cycle
热力循环thermodynamic cycle 冲程
stroke
活塞行程
piston stroke
长行程
long stroke
上行程
up stroke
下行程
down stroke
进气行程
intake stroke
充气行程
charging stroke
compression stroke
爆炸行程
explosion stroke
膨胀行程
expansion stroke
动力行程
power stroke
排气行程
exhaust stroke
膨胀换气行程
expansion-exchange stroke
换气压缩行程
exchange-compression stroke
止点
dead center
上止点
top dead center(upper dead center)
下止点
lower dead center(bottom dead center) 上止点前
budc(before upper dead center)
上止点后
atdc(after top dead cetner)
下止点前
bbdc(before bottom dead center)
下止点后
abdc(after bottom dead center)
缸径
cylinder bore
缸径与行程
bore and stroke
空气室
energy chamber
气缸余隙容积
cylinder clearance volume
燃烧室容积
combustion chamber volume
气缸最大容积
maximum cylinder volume
压缩室
compression chamber
排气量
displacement
发动机排量
engine displacement
活塞排量
piston swept volume
气缸容量
cylinder capacity
单室容量
single-chamber capacity
容积法
volumetry
压缩比
compression ratio
临界压缩比
critical compression ratio
膨胀比
expansion ratio
面容比
surface to volume ratio
行程缸径比
stroke-bore ratio
混合比
mixture ratio
压缩压力
compression pressure
制动平均有效压力
brake mean effective pressure(bmep) 空燃比
air fuel ratio
燃空比
fuel air ratio
燃料当量比
fuel equivalence ratio
扭矩
torque
单缸功率
power per cylinder
升功率
power per liter
升扭矩
torque per liter
升质量
mass per liter
减额功率
derating power
输出马力
shaft horsepower
马力小时,马力时horsepower-hour
总马力
gross horse power
总功率
gross power
净功率
net power
燃油消耗量
fuel consumption
比燃料消耗率
specific fuel consumption 空气消耗率
air consumption
机油消耗量
oil consumption
有效马力
net horse power
额定马力
rated horse power
马力重量系数
horsepower-weight factor 制动功率
brake horse power
制动热效率
brake thermal efficiency
总效率
overall efficiency
排烟极限功率
smoke limiting horsepower 功率曲线
power curve
机械损失
mechanical loss
机械效率
mechanical efficiency
有效热效率
effective thermal efficiency 充气系数
volumetric efficiency
过量空气系数
coefficient of excess air
适应性系数
adaptive coefficient
扭矩适应性系数
coefficient of torque adaptibility
转速适应性系数
speed adaptive coefficient
强化系数
coefficient of intensification
校正系数
correction factor
换算系数
conversion factor
活塞平均速度
mean piston speed
发动机转速
engine speed (rotational frequency) 怠速转速
idling speed
经济转速
economic speed
起动转速
starting speed
最低稳定工作转速
lowest continuous speed with load 最大扭矩转速
speed at maximum torque
最高空转转速
maximum no load governed speed 调速
speed governing
超速
overspeed
怠速
idling
转速波动率
speed fluctuation rate
工况
working condition(operating mode) 额定工况
declared working condition
第一章汽车总论 1)Today’s average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body, engine, chassis and electrical equipment 。P1 现在的车辆一般都由15000多个分散、独立且相互配合的零部件组成。这些零部件主要分为四类:车身、发动机、底盘和电气设备。 2)The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine). Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the power train. P3 发动机作为动力设备,常见的类型是内燃机,其原理是通过发动机缸内的液体燃料燃烧而产生能量。发动机可分为两类:汽油机(点燃式)和柴油机(压燃式),都属于热力发动机。燃料燃烧产生热量使缸内气压上升,产生的能量驱动轴旋转,并传递给动力传动系。 第二章内燃机 1)Power train system: conveys the drive to the wheels 2)Steering system: controls the direction of movement 3)Suspension system: absorbs the road shocks 4)Braking system: slows down the vehicle P4 传动系把发动机输出的扭矩传递给驱动轮。传动系包括离合器(对应机械变速器)或液力变矩器(对应液力自动变速器)、变速器、驱动轴、主减速器、差速器和驱动桥。 5)Drum brakes have a drum attached to the wheel hub, and braking occurs by means of brake shoes expanding against the inside of the drum. With disc brakes, a disc attached to the wheel hub is clenched between two brake pads. P6 鼓式制动器的制动鼓和轮毂连接,制动蹄张开压紧制动鼓内侧从而产生制动。在盘式制动器上,连着轮毂的制动盘被紧紧夹在两个制动块之间。 1)Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn.The power stroke"uses up"the gas,so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture:this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves;An inlet valve allows the mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job . P10 活塞通过连杆和曲轴连接,使得气体带动曲轴旋转半圈。作功冲程耗尽了所有的气体,这样就必须采取相应的措施排出废气并且向气缸内充入新的可燃混合气:气体的运动由气门来控制。进气门使可燃混合气在恰当的时刻进入气缸,排气门使燃烧后的废气排出气缸。 2)The spark-ignition engine is an internal-combustion engine with externally supplied in ignition,which converts the energy cntained in the fuel to kinetic energy.The cycle of operations is spread over four piston strokes. To complete the full cycle it takes two revolutions of the crankshaft. P11 火花点火式发动机是由外部提供点火的内燃机,从而将含在燃料内的能量转化成动能。发动机的一个工作循环分布在活塞的四个行程中,一个完整的工作循环曲轴需要转动两圈。 3)The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus,there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine. P15
汽车专业英语大纲内部编号:(YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128)
《汽车专业英语》课程标准 学时/学分: 32/2 课程类型:理论课程(A类) 适用专业:汽车电子技术专业 课程所属系部:汽车工程系 批准日期:2014年5月 一、制定依据与课程定位 (一)制定依据 本课程标准是依据汽车检测与维修技术、汽车制造与装配技术、需要制定。 (二)课程定位 《汽车专业英语》这门课程是汽车专业的一门专业选修课程,旨在使学生掌握汽车专业常用的英语词汇。 通过本课程的学习,培养学生在汽车专业领域具有的一定的英语阅读能力和翻译能力,以便学生更好的直接从外文资料中获取新的知识和信息。 二、课程教学目标 《汽车专业英语》是三年制高职汽车检测与维修技术、汽车制造与装配技术、的专业选修课程。其任务是使学生一方面可以巩固已掌握的词汇和语法知识,另一方面扩大专业词汇量,提高学生对汽车专业英文文献的阅读能力。通过教学应使学生获得初步具备专业英语翻译能力和初步具备能够直接从外文资料中获取信息的能力。 (一)知识目标 1、掌握专业英语中的基本词汇和专有名词; 2、掌握专业英语中常用的语法和句型结构; 3、可以阅读有一定词汇量的专业英语文献。 (二)能力目标 通过对《汽车专业英语》的教学,力求向学生提供未来工作岗位所需要专业英语知识,培养学生在实际工作岗位上运用汽车专业英语的能力。
1、阐述“专业阅读”,内容力求反应汽车专业方面的最新知识,文章能展示 当今汽车专业方面的最新技术,同时书中附带一些真实的现场照片。 2、阐述“专业术语”,帮助学生了解汽车各零部件的功能及应用,是学生进 入企业后应用较多的内容。 3、阐述“试试您的动手能力”,以汽车故障诊断为主,列举大量贴近企业工 作实际的实例。 4、阐述“交际会话”,选用贴近实际,贴近企业,贴近岗位的常用专业英语 会话。 (三)素质目标 通过教学应使学生认识《汽车专业英语》学习的基本方法, 1、具备通过查阅资料等方法,通过自学获取知识和新技术的能力; 2、通过不同形式的探究活动、自主学习,体验科技发现和创造的历程,发展 抽象思维和辨证逻辑思维。 3、养成严谨求实的科学态度以及质疑和独立思考的学习习惯。 4、使学生具备正确的价值观与评定事物的能力,具备一定的英文语言表达能 力以及与人交往沟通的能力。 5、培养学生爱岗敬业、团结协作、吃苦耐劳的职业精神与创新设计的意识。? 三、课程内容设计 (一)学时分配
About car engine Of all automobile components,an automobile engie is the most complicated assembly with dominant effects on the function of an autombile.So, the engine is generally called the"heat"of an automobile. 在汽车的所有部件中,汽车发动机是最复杂的组件,其对整车性能有着决定性的作用。因而发动机往往被称作发动机的“心脏”。 There are actually various types of engines such as electric motors,stream engines,andinternal combustion engines.The internal combustion engines seem to have almost complete dominance of the automotive field.The internal combustion engine,as its name indicates,burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. 事实上,按动力来源分发动机有很多种,如电动机、蒸汽机、外燃机等。然而内燃机似乎在发动机领域有着绝对的统治地位。就像其字面意思一样,内燃机的染料在气缸内燃烧,通过将燃烧产生气体的膨胀力转换成转动力来驱动发动机前进。 Engine is the power source of the automobile.Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder.However,this linear motion must be changed into rotary motion to turn the wheels of cars or trucks.The puston attached to the top of a connecting rod by a pin,called a piston pin or wrist pin.The bottom of the connecting rod is attached to the crankshaft.The connecting rod transmits the up-and-down motion of the piston to the crankshaft,which changes it into rotary motion.The connecting rod is mounted on the crankshaft with large bearings called rod bearing.Similar bearings, called main bearings,are used to mount the crankshaft in the block. 发动机是整部车的动力来源。能量来自于活塞在气缸内的(往复)直线运动。然而这种(往复)直线运动必须要转换成旋转运动才能驱动车轮。活塞与连杆通过一个销来连接,这个销称为活塞销。连杆的下部连接于曲拐。连杆把活塞的上下往复运动传递给曲拐,从而将往复直线运动转变成旋转运动。连杆和曲拐的连接使用大的轴承,称之为连杆轴承,类似的轴承也用于将曲轴连接到机体,称之为主轴承。 They are generally two different types of cooling system:water-cooling system and air-cooling system.Water-cooling system is more common.The cooling medium, or coolant, in them is either water or some low-freezing liquid, called antifreeze.A water-cooling system consists of the engine water jacket, thermostat, water pump, radiator, radiator cap, fan, fan drive belt and neccessary hoses. 主要有两种类型的冷却系统:水冷和风冷。水冷系统更为普遍。系统所用冷却介质或是冷却液常委水或其他低凝固点液体,称为抗凝剂。一个完整的水冷系统包括机体水套,节温器,水泵,散热器,散热器罩,风扇,风扇驱动皮带和必需的水管。 A water-cooling system means that water is used as a cooling agent to circulate through the engine to absorb the heat and carry it to the radiator for disposal.The ebgine is cooled mainly through heat transfer and heat dissipation.The heat generated by the mixture burned in the engine must be transferred from the iron or aluminum cylinder to the waterin the water jacket.The outside of the water jacket dissipates some of the heat to the air surrounding it, but most of the heat is carried by the cooling water to the radiator for dissipation.When the coolant temperature in the system reaches 90°,the termostat valve open fully, its slanted edge shutting off
汽车专业英语大纲 Company number:【0089WT-8898YT-W8CCB-BUUT-202108】
《汽车专业英语》课程标准 学时/学分: 32/2 课程类型:理论课程(A类) 适用专业:汽车电子技术专业 课程所属系部:汽车工程系 批准日期:2014年5月 一、制定依据与课程定位 (一)制定依据 本课程标准是依据汽车检测与维修技术、汽车制造与装配技术、需要制定。 (二)课程定位 《汽车专业英语》这门课程是汽车专业的一门专业选修课程,旨在使学生掌握汽车专业常用的英语词汇。 通过本课程的学习,培养学生在汽车专业领域具有的一定的英语阅读能力和翻译能力,以便学生更好的直接从外文资料中获取新的知识和信息。 二、课程教学目标 《汽车专业英语》是三年制高职汽车检测与维修技术、汽车制造与装配技术、的专业选修课程。其任务是使学生一方面可以巩固已掌握的词汇和语法知识,另一方面扩大专业词汇量,提高学生对汽车专业英文文献的阅读能力。通过教学应使学生获得初步具备专业英语翻译能力和初步具备能够直接从外文资料中获取信息的能力。 (一)知识目标 1、掌握专业英语中的基本词汇和专有名词; 2、掌握专业英语中常用的语法和句型结构; 3、可以阅读有一定词汇量的专业英语文献。 (二)能力目标 通过对《汽车专业英语》的教学,力求向学生提供未来工作岗位所需要专业英语知识,培养学生在实际工作岗位上运用汽车专业英语的能力。
1、阐述“专业阅读”,内容力求反应汽车专业方面的最新知识,文章能展示当今汽车专业方面的最新技术,同时书中附带一些真实的现场照片。 2、阐述“专业术语”,帮助学生了解汽车各零部件的功能及应用,是学生进入企业后应用较多的内容。 3、阐述“试试您的动手能力”,以汽车故障诊断为主,列举大量贴近企业工作实际的实例。 4、阐述“交际会话”,选用贴近实际,贴近企业,贴近岗位的常用专业英语会话。 (三)素质目标 通过教学应使学生认识《汽车专业英语》学习的基本方法, 1、具备通过查阅资料等方法,通过自学获取知识和新技术的能力; 2、通过不同形式的探究活动、自主学习,体验科技发现和创造的历程,发展抽象思维和辨证逻辑思维。 3、养成严谨求实的科学态度以及质疑和独立思考的学习习惯。 4、使学生具备正确的价值观与评定事物的能力,具备一定的英文语言表达能力以及与人交往沟通的能力。 5、培养学生爱岗敬业、团结协作、吃苦耐劳的职业精神与创新设计的意识。 三、课程内容设计 (一)学时分配
unit1 body 车身chassis 底盘enclosure外壳、套hood车棚、车顶sway 摇摆frame车架steering转向、操作brake 制动weld焊接rivet铆钉bolt螺钉washer垫圈vibration 振动stabilizer稳定器ride乘坐舒适性handling操作稳定性linkages转向传动机构plier钳子distributor分电器alternator交流发电机regulator调节器carburetor化油器radiator散热器、水箱defroster除冰装置sludge金属碎屑transmission变速器differential 差速器power train 传动系unitized body 承载式车身suspension system 悬架系统steering system 转向系braking system 制动系shock absorbers减震器control arms控制臂steering wheel 转向盘steering column转向管柱steering gears 转向器tie rod 横拉杆idler arm随动臂brake shoe制动蹄disc brake 盘式制动器drum brakes 鼓式制动器ignition system 点火系统exhaust system 排气系统lubrication system 润滑系oil filters 机油滤清器drive(or propeller)shaft传动轴universal joints 万向节dynamo发电机horn喇叭swived 旋转steering box转向器timing gear 正时齿轮bevel gear 锥齿轮mesh with与啮合leaf spring 钢板弹簧stub axle 转向节 unit2 longitudinal纵向的transverse横向的reciprocate往复spin旋转piston活塞ignite点火rub摩擦quart夸脱reservoir油箱mechanical机械的enclosed被附上的gallon加仑stroke冲程camshaft凸轮轴combustion燃烧disengaged脱离啮合的flywheel飞轮internal-combustion engine内燃机diesel-fuel柴油LPG=Liquefied Petroleum Gas液化石油气体CNG=Compressed natural gas压缩天然气spark ignition火花点火compression ignition压缩点火spark plug火花塞gas-turbine engine蒸汽机Stirling engine斯特灵发动机lubricating system润滑系统oil pan油底壳oil pump机油泵exhaust system排气系统emission-control system排放控制系统energy conversion能量转换air/fuel ratio空燃比connecting rod连杆TDC=Top Dead Center上止点BDC=Bottom Dead Center 下止点intake stroke进气冲程compression stroke压缩冲程power stroke作功冲程exhaust stroke排气冲程compression ratio压缩比lifter挺柱rocker摇臂retainer弹簧座seal密封件tappet 推杆lobe凸起gasket垫圈valve train配气机构cam follower气门挺柱rocker arm摇臂combustion chamber燃烧室intake valve进气阀exhaust valve排气阀valve stem气门杆valve cover气门室盖valve port阀口valve guide气门导管 unit3
汽车专业英语 主编:李崑 课后专业词汇汇总(带音标) 汇总:徐艳民 1 automobile ['?:t?m?ubi:l, ,?:t?m?'bi:l]汽车(美) assembly line [?'sembli]装配线 petroleum refining [pi'tr?uli?m, p?-]石油提炼 body and frame车身与车架 engine ['end?in] 发动机、引擎 drive line 传动系统 running gear 控制装置 suspension[s?'spen??n]悬架系统 unitized body ['ju:nitaizd]整体式车身 gasoline engine ['ɡ?s?li:n]汽油机 diesel engine ['di:z?l]柴油机 gas turbine['t?:bain, -bin]燃气轮机 battery ['b?t?ri]电池、电池组 fuel cell燃料电池 hybrid power ['haibrid][pau?]混合动力系统 piston ['pist?n]活塞 rotary engine ['r?ut?ri]转子发动机 vehicle ['vi:ikl, 有时发'vi:hi-]交通工具、车辆 transmission [tr?nz'mi??n, tr?ns-, trɑ:n-]变速器 drive shaft传动轴 differential [,dif?'ren??l]差速器 rear axle ['?ks?l]后轴、后桥 rear-wheel drive后轮驱动 front-wheel drive 前轮驱动 braking system 制动系统 wheel车轮 tire 轮胎 steering system 转向系统 spring [sp ri?]弹簧 shock absorber [??k] [?b's?:b?]减震器 Macpherson strut [m?k'f?:sn] [str?t]麦弗逊式悬架 torsion bar ['t?:??n]扭力杆 strut rod 支撑杆 stabilizer bar ['steibilaiz?]横向稳定杆 2 internal combustion engine [in't?:n?l] [k?m'b?st??n] ['end?in]内燃机 fuel 燃料 external combustion engine [ik'st?:n?l]外燃机 steam engine 蒸汽机 intermittent combustion engine[,int?'mit?nt]间隔燃烧式发动机 continuous combustion engine [k?n'tinju?s]连续燃烧式发动机 turbine engine ['t?:bain, -bin]涡轮发动机 rocket engine ['r?kit]火箭发动机 jet (or reaction) engine喷气式发动机 Wankel engine汪克尔发动机、转子发动机 stroke [str?uk]冲程、行程 cooling system冷却系统 fuel system燃料系统 ignition system [iɡ'ni??n]点火系统 spark-ignition engine 火花点燃式发动机 compression-ignition engine 压燃式发动机 liquid-cooled 用液体冷却的、水冷的 air-cooled 用空气冷却的、风冷的 3 cylinder block 气缸体 cylinder ['silind?]气缸 connecting rod 连杆 crankshaft['kr??k,?ɑ:ft]曲轴 cylinder head气缸盖 combustion chamber[k?m'b?st??n] ['t?eimb?]燃烧室 valve气门、阀 camshaft['k?m?ɑ:ft]凸轮轴 flywheel ['flaiwi:l]飞轮 intake manifold 进气歧管 exhaust manifold ['m?nif?uld]排气歧管 carburetor [,kɑ:bju'ret?, 'kɑ:-]化油器 fuel injector 燃料喷射器 cast iron ['ai?n]铸铁 aluminum [?'lju:min?m]铝 cooling fluid 冷却液 spark plug [pl?ɡ]火花塞 intake valve进气门 exhaust valve[iɡ'z?:st]排气门 cam凸轮 gear齿轮 belt皮带 chain链条 overhead camshaft (OHC) 凸轮轴上置式 rpm=revolutions per minute[,rev?'lju:??n]转速、转数/分钟 horsepower ['h?:s,pau?]马力、功率 intake system 进气系统 sensor ['sens?, -s?:]传感器 oxygen sensor ['?ksid??n]氧传感器 fuel induction system[in'd?k??n]燃料吸入系统 4 fuel tank 燃料箱、油箱 fuel line燃料管路 fuel pump 燃料泵、燃油泵 fuel filter [filt?]燃料滤清器 PCM (power train control module) 动力系统控制模块(计算机)
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 引擎燃烧室 1. principle of operation 原理 Engine and power : Engine is used to produce power. The chemical energy in fuel is converted to heat by the burning of the fuel at a controlled rate. This process is called combustion. If engine combustion occurs with the power chamber. ,the engine is called internal combustion engine. If combustion takes place outside the cylinder, the engine is called an external combustion engine. Engine used in automobiles are internal combustion heat engines. Heat energy released in the combustion chamber raises the temperature of the combustion gases with the chamber. The increase in gas temperature causes the pressure of the gases to increase. The pressure developed within the combustion chamber is applied to the head of a piston to produce a usable mechanical force, which is then converted into useful mechanical power. 译: 引擎和能量: 引擎为汽车提供能量,燃料的化学能通过燃烧,转化为热能,这个过程叫燃烧。假如燃烧在燃烧室,这样的发动机叫内燃机。假如燃烧在气缸外,这样的发动机叫外燃机。 用在汽车上的一般是内燃机,热能在燃烧室释放,燃烧室气体温度升高。气体温度的升高使气体的压力曾加,燃烧室内的高压气体作用在活塞头部产生可以利用的化学能,化学能转化为机械能。 Engine T erms : Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn. The power stroke “uses up” the gas , so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture :this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves ;an inlet valve allows the new mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job. Engine terms are : TDC(Top Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft. BDC(Bottom Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is nearest to the crankshaft. Stroke : the distance between BDC and TDC; stroke is controlled by the crankshaft. Bore : the internal diameter of the cylinder. Swept volume : the volume between TDC and BDC Engine capacity : this is the swept volume of all the cylinder e.g. a four-stroke having a capacity of two liters(2000cm) has a cylinder swept volume of 50cm. Clearance volume: the volume of the space above the piston when it is at TDC. Compression ratio = (swept vol + clearance vol)\(clearance vol) Two-stroke : a power stroke every revolution of the crank.
1、车辆vehicle 2、底盘chassis 3、货车truck 4、微型货车mini truck 5、轻型货车light truck 6、中型货车 medium truck 6、重型货车 heavy duty truck 7、越野汽车 off-road truck 8、自卸汽车 dump truck 9、专用汽车 special purpose vehicle 10、客车 passenger car 11、车长 vehicle length 12、车宽 vehicle width 13、车高 vehicle height 14、轴距 wheel base 15、轮距 tread
16、前悬 front overhang 17、后悬 rear overhang 18、柴油机 diesel 19、汽油机gasoline fueled engine 20、活塞 piston 21、喷油嘴 nozzle 22、火花塞 spark 23、曲轴 crank shaft 24、分电器 distributor 25、发电机 alternator 26、飞轮壳 flywheel housing 27、起动机 starter 28、散热器 radiator 29、凸轮轴 camshaft 30、进气门 Intake valve 31、排气门 exhaust valve
32、气缸盖cylinder head 33、水泵water pump 34、风扇皮带轮fan pulley 35、活塞环piston ring 36、机油泵 oil pump 37、离合器 clutch 38、离合器操纵机构 clutch operation 39、飞轮 flywheel 40、从动盘磨擦衬片 clutch plate lining driven plate lining (GB) 41、离合器盖 clutch cover (GB) 42、压盘 pressure plate 43、分离杆 release lever 44、分离套筒 release sleeve 45、从动盘 clutch plate 46、分离弹簧 release spring 47、分离轴承 release thrust bearing
汽车专业英语复习题 名词翻译: 1、活塞环 piston ring 2、电控系统electronic control system 3、里程表speedometer 4、发动机排量engine capacity 5、自动变速器automatic transmission 6、机油表oil gauge 7、方向盘steering wheel 8、做功冲程power stroke 9、exhaust gas废气 10. electric current电流 11. high gear高速档 12. automobile dealing汽车贸易 13. sports car 跑车 14. instrument panel仪表板 15. accelerator pedal加速踏板 16. physical property 物理性能 17、电子燃油计量系统electronic fuel metering system 18、减速slow down 19、刹车蹄brake shoe 20、General Motor 通用 21、wheel drum 车轮毂 22、TDC 上止点 23、BDC 下止点 翻译(中译英): 上海汽车工业总公司已与德国大众和美国通用两大汽车公司建立了合资公司。 The Shanghai Auto Industry Corportion has established joint ventures with German V olkswagen and American General Motors. 四冲程发动机—曲柄旋转两圈做功一次。 Four stroke —a power stroke every other revolution of the crank. 液体冷却系由水泵、水套、发动机风扇、散热器等组成。 The liquid cooling system consists of water pumps,water jackets,engine fan ,radiator and so on. 在仪表板上,我们能看见几个显示发动机运转情况的仪表。
1、车辆 vehicle 2、底盘 chassis 3、货车 truck 4、微型货车 mini truck 5、轻型货车 light truck 6、中型货车 medium truck 6、重型货车 heavy duty truck 7、越野汽车 off-road truck 8、自卸汽车 dump truck 9、专用汽车 special purpose vehicle 10、客车 passenger car 11、车长 vehicle length 12、车宽 vehicle width 13、车高 vehicle height 14、轴距 wheel base 15、轮距 tread 16、前悬 front overhang 17、后悬 rear overhang 18、柴油机 diesel 19、汽油机 gasoline fueled engine 20、活塞 piston 21、喷油嘴 nozzle 22、火花塞
spark 23、曲轴 crank shaft 24、分电器 distributor 25、发电机alternator 26、飞轮壳 flywheel housing 27、起动机 starter 28、散热器 radiator 29、凸轮轴camshaft 30、进气门Intake valve 31、排气门 exhaust valve 32、气缸盖 cylinder head 33、水泵 water pump 34、风扇皮带轮 fan pulley 35、活塞环 piston ring 36、机油泵 oil pump 37、离合器 clutch 38、离合器操纵机构 clutch operation 39、飞轮 flywheel 40、从动盘磨擦衬片 clutch plate lining driven plate lining (GB) 41、离合器盖 clutch cover (GB) 42、压盘 pressure plate 43、分离杆 release lever 44、分离套筒 release sleeve 45、从动盘
(6)Maintain correct viscosity (free flowing at all temperatures). 保持正确的粘度(在所有温度下自由流动)。 When the brake fluid boils, it becomes vapor. A vapor can be compressed, but a liquid cannot be compressed. Pressing on the brake pedal will compress the vapor in the lines instead of transferring the pressure through the fluid. This can lead to partial or complete braking system failure, sometimes called brake pedal fade. Mountain driving puts increased duty on brakes and brake fluid. The boiling point drops at high altitude. This naturally increases the tendency towards vapor lock. In fact, vapor lock in the hydraulic braking system is the primary reason for brake pedal fade. 当制动液沸腾时,它变成蒸汽。可以压缩蒸汽,但不能压缩液体。按压制动踏板将压缩管线中的蒸汽,而不是将压力传递通过流体。这可能导致部分或完全制动系统故障,有时称为制动踏板褪色。山地驾驶增加了刹车和制动液的使用。沸点在高海拔下降。这自然增加了气体锁定的趋势。事实上,液压制动系统中的汽油锁是制动踏板褪色的主要原因。 Vehicle manufacturers recommend brake fluid that meets or exceeds SAE (Societyof Automotive Engineers)andDOT (Department of Transportation) specifications. 车辆制造商推荐符合或超过SAE(汽车工程师协会)和DOT(运输部)规格的制动液。 Standard brake fluid (DOT 3) is composed chiefly of equal parts of alcohol and castor oil. This combination of fluids works well under normal conditions but it easily boils and becomes a vapor under heavy-duty applications. It also tends to separate when exposed to low temperatures. 标准制动液(DOT 3)主要由酒精和蓖麻油组成。这种流体组合在正常条件下工作良好,但在重载应用下容易沸腾并成为蒸气。暴露于低温时也容易分离。The increasing requirements of brake fluid led to the development of silicone brake fluid,such as DOT 5. This fluid achieved low water pickup and good corrosion protection and also provides good lubrication qualities and rubber compatibility. 制动液的要求越来越高,导致了DOT 5等硅胶制动液的开发。该液体实现了低吸水率和良好的防腐蚀性能,并且还具有良好的润滑性能和橡胶相容性。 5.Brake valves 5.闸阀 There are typically five types of valves in vehicle braking system to adjust the braking force distribution. 车辆制动系统中通常有五种类型的阀门来调节制动力分布。 (1)Metering valve (1)计量阀 Most vehicles that have front disc and rear drum brakes are equipped with metering valve. This metering valve controls, or delays the flow of brake fluid to the front brakes. The rear drum brakes take longer to respond than the front disc brakes. The valve ensures that front disc brake do not act before the rear drum brake. The delays is long enough to allow the rear drum brakes time to react. This delay is particularly necessary during light braking and on slick road surfaces.