美国文学试卷
福建师范大学外国语学院英语专业
2005-2006学年度下学期03级
《美国文学选读》试题（B）
1.According to Hawthorne, the scarlet letter “A” which originally stood for “_______” finally
obtained the meaning of “able” or “angel” through Hester’s efforts.
A.adultery
B.arrogance
C.accomplishment
D.agony
2. The American Puritanism as a cultural heritage benefited the Americans in _______.
E.strengthening their moral values.
F.weakening their religious faith.
G.knowing truth intuitively.
H.developing their science and technology
3. The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual
is____, therefore, self-reliant.
A. insignificant.
A.vicious by nature.
B.divine.
C.forward-looking
4. The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as _____________.
A.the Age of Realism
B.the Age of Modernism
C.the Age of Romanticism
D.the Age of Colonialism
5. Henry James’s fame generally rests upon his novels and stories with________.
A.international theme
B.national theme
C.Eastern theme
D.regional theme
6. In American literature, escaping from the society and returning to nature is a common subject.
The following titles are all related, in one way or another, to the subject except _______.
A.Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
B.Dreiser’s Sister Carrie
C.Copper’s Leather-Stocking Tales
D.Thoreau’s Walden
7. Which scene in the excerpt of Invisible Man refers symbolically to the situation of furious life conflict?
A.corn-grabbing game
B.graduation speech
C.dance competition
D.battle royal
8. In the lines “Hast thou not dragged Diana from her car? / And dri ven the Hamadryad from the wood / To seek a shelter in some happier star?” here “Diana” is.
A. a beauty
B.the moon
C.the goddess of beauty
D.the goddess of wisdom
9. “Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind” is a famous quote from _______’s writings.
A.Walt Whitman
B.Henry David Thoreau
C.Herman Melville
D.Ralph Waldo Emerson
10. Which of Hemingway’s novels describes the drifting life of American exiles in Europe?
A. The Sun Also Rises.
B. In Our Time.
C. For Whom the Bell Tolls.
D. The Old Man and the Sea.
11. “Helen, thy beauty is to me/Like those Nicean barks of yore,/The weary, way-worn wanderer
bore/ To his own native shore.”
Rhetorically, in Allen Poe’s lines, we find case(s) of ______.
A.simile
B.metaphor
C.alliteration
D. both A and C
12. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, _____became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.
A. Sentimentalism
B. Romanticism
A.Realism
D. Naturalism
13. For Melville, as well as for the reader and _______ , the narrator, Moby Dick is still a mystery, an ultimate mystery of the universe.
A. Ahab
B. Ishmael
C. Stubb
D. Starbuck
14. Walt Whitman is radically innovative in the form of his poetry. What he prefers for his new subject is__________.
A. free verse
B. blank verse
C. lyric poem
D. heroic couplet
15. “Success is counted sweetest/By those who ne'er succeed./To comprehend a nectar/Requires sorest need.” Which of the following is Not true of the quoted lines:
A. They are written by Emily Dickinson.
B. They are written in the form of iambic form.
C. The first two lines constitute a contrast to the last two lines.
16. Which of the following statements about William Faulkner is NOT true?_____.
A. He writes about the American south, with emphasis on Southern subjects and consciousness.
B. Many of his stories are about people from a small region in Northern Mississippi, the Yoknapatawpha County, which is actually an imaginary place.
C. there is often fragmentation of the chronological time in the narration of his stories.
D. His prose is marked by simple diction and short sentence structure.
17. Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is not a usual subject of her poetic expression? ______.
A. Religion
B. Life and death
C. Love and marriage
D. War and peace
18. Ezra Pound, one of the greatest 20th century American poets, is well known for his help of the founding of____.
A. Surrealism
B. Modernism
C. Imagism
D. Symbolism
19. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT________.
A. mystery of the universe
B. sin of the whale
C. power of the great Nature
D. evil of the world
20. The “____” refers specifically to a group of post World War I expatriate American writers, among them Ernest Hemingway, Scott Fitzgerald, John Dos Passos, who, alienated and disillusioned, wrote from their own experiences in the war.
A. Lost Generation
B. Beat Generation
C. Punk Generation
D. Existentialists
21. The style and outlook of _____is said to be influential in shaping the writings of Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, John Steinbeck, and many other American authors.
A. Ezra Pound
B. T. S. Eliot
C. Sherwood Anderson
D. Theodore Dreiser
22. “ONE’S-SELF I sing—a simple, separate Person;/Yet utter the word Democratic, the word En-masse.” These lines are taken from ____.
A. Walt Whitman
B. Ralph Emerson
C. Allan Poe
D. Ezra Pound
23. Invisible Man ____.
A. uses the first person narration, and the narrator is not named
B. blends naturalism with surrealism
C. adopts techniques from symbolism
D. all of the above
24 “A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little stat esmen and philosophers and divines. … To be great is to be misunderstood.” The oft-quoted lines are from ____.
A. Emerson
B. Thoreau
C. Whitman
D. Melville
25. What does the Montresor family’s coat of arms represent?_____.
A. No one can punish me
B. Give me freedom or give me death
C. One should not bite the hand that feeds it
D. I will punish the one who insults me
26. In allowing his hatred to devour his soul and therefore his humanity, the narrator Montresor in Poe’s "The Cask of Amontillado"proves to be another of the abnormal, neurotic personalities found in _____.
A. Sherwood Anderson’s The Triumph of the Egg
B. Herman Melville’s Moby Dick
C. Whitman’s Leaves of Grass
D. Mark Twain’s The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras Country
27. Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of her poetic expression?
A. Religion and immortality
B. Life and death
C. Love and marriage
D. War and peace
28. Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over
A. Ezra Pound
B. Ralph Waldo Emerson
C. Robert Frost
D. Emily Dickinson
29. Apart from the dislocation of time and the modern stream-of-consciousness, the other narrative techniques, Faulkner used to construct his stories include _______ , symbolism and mythological and biblical allusions.
A.impressionism
B.expressionism
C.multiple points of view
D.first person point of view
30. Walt Whitman’s poetic catalogues(enumerate objects, people, places, and names in great list s) finds their echo in the poems of _____.
A. Allen Ginsberg
B. Theodore Roethke
C. Wallace Stevens
D. William Carlos Williams
II. Interpretation（50 points, 10 points for each）
Identify the title and author/poet of each of the following excerpts, and explain briefly the ideas, themes, language, and devices, if any, of each of the quoted parts. Remember to answer the questions in English and write
your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.
1. Good and bad are but names very readily transferable to that or this; the only right is what is after my constitution; the only wrong what is against it. A man is to carry himself in the presence of all opposition as if every thing were titular and ephemeral but he. I am ashamed to think how easily we capitulate to badges and names, to large societies and dead institutions. Every decent and well-spoken individual affects and sways me more than is right. I ought to go upright and vital, and speak the rude truth in all ways.
2. I am not ashamed of my grandparents for having been slaves. I am only ashamed of myself for having at one time been ashamed. About eighty-five years ago they were told they were free, united with others of our country in everything pertaining to the common good, and, in everything social, separate like the fingers of the hand. And they believed it. They exulted in it. They stayed in their place, worked hard, and brought up my father to do the same. But my grandfather is the one. He was an odd old guy, my grandfather, and I am told I take after him. It was he who caused the trouble. On his deathbed he called my father to him and said, "Son, after I'm gone I want you to keep up the good fight. I never told you, but our life is a war and I have been a traitor all my born days, a spy in the enemy's country ever since I give up my gun back in the Reconstruction. Live with your head in the lion's mouth. I want you to overcome 'em with yeses, undermine 'em with grins, agree 'em to death and destruction, let 'em swoller you till they vomit or bust wide open." They thought the old man had gone out of his mind. He had been the meekest of men. The younger children were rushed from the room, the shades drawn and the flame of the lamp turned so low that it sputtered on the wick like the old man's breathing. "Learn it to the younguns," he whispered fiercely; then he died.
3. His father had not spoken again. He did not speak again. He did not even look at her. He just stood stiff in the center of the rug, in his hat, the shaggy iron-gray brows twitching slightly above the pebble-colored eyes as he appeared to examine the house with brief deliberation. Then with the same deliberation he turned; the boy watched him pivot on the good leg and saw the stiff foot drag round the arc of the turning, leaving a final long and fading smear. His father never looked at it, he never once looked down at the rug. The Negro held the door. It closed behind them, upon the hysteric and indistinguishable woman-wail. His father stopped at the top of the steps and scraped his boot clean on the edge of it. At the gate he stopped again. He stood for a moment, planted stiffly on the stiff foot, looking back at the house. "Pretty and white, ain't it?" he said. "That's
sweat. Nigger sweat. Maybe it ain't white enough yet to suit him. Maybe he wants to mix some white sweat with it."
4. This shaking keeps me steady. I should know.
What falls away is always. And is near.
I wake to sleep, and take my waking slow.
I learn by going where I have to go.
5. How dreary to be somebody!
How public, like a frog
To tell your name the livelong day
To an admiring bog!
III．Comment
1．Write a summary that shows your understanding of the story
2．Comment on the behavior of the women protagonist. Would a feminist response differs with reader who is not a feminst?
The Kiss
It was still quite light out of doors, but inside with the curtains drawn and the smouldering fire sending out a dim, uncertain glow, the room was full of deep shadows.
Brantain sat in one of these shadows; it had overtaken him and he did not mind. The obscurity lent him courage to keep his eves fastened as ardently as he liked upon the girl who sat in the firelight.
She was very handsome, with a certain fine, rich coloring that belongs to the healthy brune type. She was quite composed, as she idly stroked the satiny coat of the cat that lay curled in her lap, and she occasionally sent a slow glance into the shadow where her companion sat. They were talking low, of indifferent things which plainly were not the things that occupied their thoughts. She knew that he loved her--a frank, blustering fellow without guile enough to conceal his feelings, and no desire to do so. For two weeks past he had sought her society eagerly and persistently. She was confidently waiting for him to declare himself and she meant to accept him. The rather insignificant and unattractive Brantain was enormously rich; and she liked and required the entourage which wealth could give her.
During one of the pauses between their talk of the last tea and the next reception the door opened and a young man entered whom Brantain knew quite well. The girl turned her face toward him. A stride or two brought him to her side, and bending over her chair--before she could suspect his intention, for she did not realize that he had not seen her visitor--he pressed an ardent, lingering kiss upon her lips.
Brantain slowly arose; so did the girl arise, but quickly, and the newcomer stood between them, a little amusement and some defiance struggling with the confusion in his face.
"I believe," stammered Brantain, "I see that I have stayed too long. I--I had no idea--that is, I must wish you good-by." He was clutching his hat with both hands, and probably did not perceive that she was extending her hand to him, her presence of mind had not completely deserted her; but she could not have trusted herself to speak.
"Hang me if I saw him sitting there, Nattie! I know it's deuced awkward for you. But I hope you'll forgive me this once--this very first break. Why, what's the matter?"
"Don't touch me; don't come near me," she returned angrily. "What do you mean by entering the house without ringing?"
"I came in with your brother, as I often do," he answered coldly, in self-justification. "We came in the side way. He went upstairs and I came in here hoping to find you. The explanation is simple enough and ought to satisfy you that the misadventure was unavoidable. But do say that you forgive me, Nathalie," he entreated, softening.
"Forgive you! You don't know what you are talking about. Let me pass. It depends upon--a good deal whether I ever forgive you."
At that next reception which she and Brantain had been talking about she approached the young man with a delicious frankness of manner when she saw him there.
"Will you let me speak to you a moment or two, Mr. Brantain?" she asked with an engaging but perturbed smile. He seemed extremely unhappy; but when she took his arm and walked away with him, seeking a retired corner, a ray of hope mingled with the almost comical misery of his expression. She was apparently very outspoken.
"Perhaps I should not have sought this interview, Mr. Brantain; but--but, oh, I have been very uncomfortable, almost miserable since that little
encounter the other afternoon. When I thought how you might have misinterpreted it, and believed things" --hope was plainly gaining the ascendancy over misery in Brantain's round, guileless face--"Of course, I know it is nothing to you, but for my own sake I do want you to understand that Mr. Harvy is an intimate friend of long standing. Why, we have always been like cousins--like brother and sister, I may say. He is my brother's most intimate associate and often fancies that he is entitled to the same privileges as the family. Oh, I know it is absurd, uncalled for, to tell you this; undignified even," she was almost weeping, "but it makes so much difference to me what you think of--of me." Her voice had grown very low and agitated. The misery had all disappeared from Brantain's face.
"Then you do really care what I think, Miss Nathalie? May I call you Miss Nathalie?" They turned into a long, dim corridor that was lined on either side with tall, graceful plants. They walked slowly to the very end of it. When they turned to retrace their steps Brantain's face was radiant and hers was triumphant.
Harvy was among the guests at the wedding; and he sought her out in a rare moment when she stood alone.
"Your husband," he said, smiling, "has sent me over to kiss you. "
A quick blush suffused her face and round polished throat. "I suppose it's natural for a man to feel and act generously on an occasion of this kind. He tells me he doesn't want his marriage to interrupt wholly that pleasant intimacy which has existed between you and me. I don't know what you've been telling him," with an insolent smile, "but he has sent me here to kiss you."
She felt like a chess player who, by the clever handling of his pieces, sees the game taking the course intended. Her eyes were bright and tender with a smile as they glanced up into his; and her lips looked hungry for the kiss which they invited.
"But, you know," he went on quietly, "I didn't tell him so, it would have seemed ungrateful, but I can tell you. I've stopped kissing women; it's dangerous."
Well, she had Brantain and his million left. A person can't have everything in this world; and it was a little unreasonable of her to expect it.
She says that being a somebody is like being a frog. What does this simile mean? Aside from Kermit, there aren't many celebrity frogs around.
Why does the speaker choose that amphibian as her representative of a public creature?
It's because frogs make a lot of noise. The poem says that frogs, though they can croak and make themselves heard and be noticed, are noticed only by "an admiring bog." The bog is the frog's environment, not the frog's friend. So who cares what the bog thinks?
That's what the poem says about being a "somebody" who gets noticed by an admiring public. Frequently, the relationship is impersonal and distanced, not like a real friendship. Somebodies may have many admirers, but they might not be able to make those personal connections that real friendship offers.
/// I'm nobody! Who are you?
This event involves the abuse and humiliation of several young black men for the purpose of entertaining a gathering of these prominent and outwardly respectable white men.
following essay discusses the effectiveness of Ellison's use of figurative language in this story, focusing particularly on the recurring motifs of war, circus, and animal imagery.
Later in the story, when the young black men are forced to scramble for change on an electrified rug, one of the white men is heard to yell out, "like a bass-voiced parrot." Parrots are known for their ability to mindlessly mimic the words of human beings, without any comprehension of the meaning or significance of what they are saying. This image implies that the crowd of white men, shouting at the young black men, are no better than parrots, mindlessly repeating the racist words and deeds perpetuated by white society, without any thought or consideration.
While the white men are described in terms of animals associated with viciousness, evil, and predatory behavior, the young black men are described as animals evoking very different associations.
Rats are generally considered among the lowest and most disdainfully regarded of creatures; the narrator here expresses the sentiment that white racist society looks down on African Americans as no better, and deserving no better treatment, than rats.
Further, rats are scavengers, who survive by scrambling for whatever food they can find. Similarly, the young black men are made to scramble for the money on the rug, as if African Americans were given no dignified means of supporting themselves within the structure of white society.
the animal imagery graphically highlights Ellison's theme that when one sex or race treats another as an object or animal, both become dehumanized or bestial.
The theme of human nature: greed
The clowns, throughout the story, represent black men who put on an artificial smile to mask their humiliation and get what they want. IM is guilty of being a clown, too, as Ellison dramatizes in the rug scene, where the electricity symbolizes the white man's animosity: Ignoring the shock by laughing, as I brushed the coins off quickly, I discovered that I could contain the electricity a contradiction, but it works. IM gets what he wants by absorbing the white men's animosity. Unfortunately, IM's grandfather, acting as IM's conscience, will not let him operate within this utilitarian ethic without assaulting him with pangs of guilt.
to add vitality and vividness to his storytelling
、、、
The 5th paragraph of the story and the final 4 sentences may serve as the first and last of the The egg is, however, a funny story, a tender one, a moving, and though its view of life may not be entirely happy or optimistic, it is positive. The future of the egg seems okay: the final sentence of the story speaks of the “triumph of the egg.” Meaning? One may take its obvious implication: the son’s thoughts are obsessed by the egg as the father’s were. But one may want to ask again why the father does not smash the egg or seek to destroy all eggs. His restraint seems to be an affirmation of life, of some kind of hope if not confidence in the future for the egg/child. It is this recognition that is the narrators’initiation.
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1.C aptain John Smith became the first American writer. 2.T he puritans looked upon themselves as a chosen people. collection of proverbs written by Benjamin Franklin. 4.T homas Paine’s famous pamphlet Common Sense boldly advocated a “Declaration for Independence”.
5.T homas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence with John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston. has been called the “Father of American Poetry”. 7.I n Washington Irving’s appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature.
8.C ooper’s enduring fame rests on his frontier stories, especially the five novels that comprise the is perhaps the peak of William Cullen Bryant’s wok. “father of American detective stories and American gothic stories”.
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