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情态动词虚拟语气高考题

情态动词虚拟语气高考题
情态动词虚拟语气高考题

专题六情态动词和虚拟语气

1.【2015·北京】29.—Can’t you stay a little longer?

—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.

A .may

B .can

C . must

D .dare

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了,我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。

A. may可能,可以,也许;

B. can能,会;

C. must必须,必然要,必定会;

D. dare敢,胆敢。结合句意,故选C。

【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析

【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词,这里考查的是语气的强度,在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思,所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境。

2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it.

A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果不是我亲眼看到,我不会相信。根据后半句wouldn’t have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式。故选D。

【考点定位】虚拟语气

【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气。

3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

A.d idn’t write

B. hadn’t written

C. wouldn’t write

D. wouldn’t have written

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:没有他战时的经验,海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历,可知表示对于过去的否定猜测,故主句用would have

done,因此选D项。

【考点定位】考查虚拟语气

【名师点睛】虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,猜测建议等含义,表示的含义不是客观存在的事实,此类的题目一般难度不大,主要找对时间状语,并且看分清时间状语与主句还是从句有关系,再来确定用对现在,过去还是将来的虚拟。

4.【2015·重庆】12. You ____ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.

A. must

B. can

C. will

D. shall

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:你肯定是卡罗,这些年你一点也没有变化。must表示对现在的肯定推测。故选A。

【考点定位】考查情态动词。

【名师点睛】must 表推测的用法 must 表示很有把握的推测,其意为“一定会”“肯定会”,只用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测,后接动词原形。You have worked hard all day. You must be tired 你辛苦一整天,一定累了(对现在情况的推测判断)

I didn’t hear the phone. I must have be asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话,我想必是睡着了。

5.【2015·浙江】4. It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.

A. couldn’t

B. shouldn’t

C. mustn’t

D needn’t

【答案】A

【考点定位】考查情态动词

【名师点睛】情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词,但它不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点,每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在:情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别,情态动词否定式的用法辨析,“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。

6.【2015·天津】

7. I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.

A. mightn’t

B. mustn’t

C. needn’t

D. couldn’t

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我来新学校之前本没有必要担心,因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好。needn’t have done本没有必要做某事,表示实际上已经做了某事。根据句意可知选C。

【考点定位】考查情态动词。

【名师点睛】本题考查情态动词。分析此题需抓住后句for my classmates here are very friendly to me.可知此处为本没有必要做某事,mightn’t也许不;mustn’t不允许;couldn’t不可能。再根据句意可以选出正确答案。

7.【2015·天津】13. I wish I ______ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.

A. will be

B. would be

C. have been

D. had been

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:上个周二我本希望参加我姐姐的婚礼,但那时我在纽约出差。本题考查wish 引导的宾语从句,表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句用had + 过去分词。根据句意可知选D。【考点定位】考查虚拟语气。

【名师点睛】本题考查wish引导的虚拟语气。由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气:1.用wish 表示对现在的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:过去式(be动词用were)。2.用wish表示对将来的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:would, could, might+ 动词原形。3.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时,宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为:had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。分析此题需抓住时间状语last Tuesday,可以判断出此题wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望。

8.【2015·四川】2.You _____be careful with the camera. It costs!

A .must B. may C. can D. will

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:考查情态动词。根据下文的it costs可知,照相机很昂贵,故选择A,意为:你一定要非常小心对待照相机,它很昂贵。

【考点定位】考查情态动词

【名师点睛】考查情态动词的用法。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点,此题主要考查情态动词基本意义的辨析。因此考生需要熟知选项中每个选项的具体意义以及之间的用法区别,然后根据句意选择正确的选项。选项B意为可能;选项C意为能够、有时会;选项D意为会、愿意等。根据句意,是说话人提出的要求,故选择A,表示必须。

9.【2015·陕西】21. You feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.

A. should

B. need

C. shall

D. may

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:你可能觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间,但是我有100%的把握你以后会感激它的。should应该;need需要;shall将会;may(不确定)可能。所以选D。

【考点定位】考查情态动词

【名师点睛】情态动词主要考查句意和说话人的语气的强弱,同样是“可能”can表示“客观上可能”,may/might表示“不太确定的可能”,should“按道理”应该。弄清它们的区别再结合上下文语境就不难理解了。

10.【2015·陕西】23. Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.

A. dance

B. will dance

C. had danced

D. danced

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:Ellen是一个很棒的舞蹈演员。但愿我能和她跳得一样好。I wish“但愿”后面接宾语从句用虚拟语气,和现在相反用一般过去时,所以选C。

【考点定位】考查虚拟语气

【名师点睛】虚拟语气表示一些事与愿违或和事实不符的情况。有一些规则要记忆,如一些固定句型,还有要记住这些句型中动词的形式。I wish“但愿”后面接宾语从句用虚拟语气,和现在相反用一般过去时,和过去相反用过去完成时,和将来相反用could/would do sth。

11.【2015·福建】27.—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.

—Oh, it's too bad. You __________ have made full preparations.

A.must

B. can

C. would

D. Should

【答案】D.

【考点定位】考查考查情态动词+have done结构

【名师点睛】情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词,但它不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点,每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在:情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别,情态动词否定式的用法辨析,“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。

12.【2015·江苏】28. It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule.

A. did I know

B. have I known

C. do I know

D. had I known

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果我早知道日程安排,可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中might have saved 可知主句是对过去的虚拟,从句应用if I had known与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中含有had 时,可将if省去,同时将had提前构成倒装结构。故选D项。虚拟语气重要做题原则:根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间, 一般要保持一致,但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。另外,当if 条件句中含有助动词 had,should 或were 时, 可以省略if,而将 had, should 或were提到句首,从而构成倒装虚拟条件句。

【考点定位】虚拟语气

【名师点睛】虚拟语气重要做题原则:根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间, 一般要保持一致,但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。另外,当if 条件句中含有助动词 had,should 或were 时, 可以省略if,而

将 had, should 或were提到句首,从而构成倒装虚拟条件句。

13.【2015·安徽】32.It is lucky we booked a room, or we ______nowhere to stay now.

A. had

B. had had

C. would have

D. would have had

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我们很幸运地订到了房间,否则的话,我们现在就会无处可去了。or引导含蓄虚拟条件句,or后面是主句,相当于if we hadn’t booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now.,根据“now”可知,是对现在进行虚拟,因此用would+动词原形,故选C。

【考点定位】考查虚拟语气

【名师点睛】本题考查含蓄虚拟语气和错综时间虚拟语气。比较常见的是if引导的虚拟条件句,由otherwise, or, without等引出的相反的情况被称为“含蓄虚拟语气”。or引出相反的情况,对过去虚拟,主句用would+have done,但是主句中有“now”,表示与现在相反,因此用would+动词原形。

情态动词和虚拟语气在高考大纲中的要求是学习资料

情态动词与虚拟语气 (1)情态动词的基本用法:①can与be able to的区别;②must与have to的区别;③shall的用法;④should的用法;⑤used to与would的用法;⑥may与might 的用法;⑦need与dare的用法; (2)情态动词表推测:①对现在和将来情况的推测;②对过去情况的推测; (3)虚拟语气的用法:①条件从句及含蓄条件引出的虚拟语气(but for, without, otherwise等);②wish后跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气;③if only, as if/though, would rather, It's high time后跟从句中的虚拟语气;④表示“建议,要求,命令,坚持”等词后跟从句中的虚拟语气。 注意几个考点: must“非得,偏要”, 用于疑问句或条件从句中; shall用于第二、三人称表示警告、命令、威胁、允诺、规定等; should“竟然” cannot...too/enough表示“无论……也不过分”;“越……越好” May you succeed!祝你成功! may/might as well+动词原形”意为“最好,倒不如” must强调主观方面的必须否定形式是needn't/don't have to have to表示“不得不,必须”,强调客观因素所迫而必须去做的事情 would可以表示过去的习惯性动作,比used to正式,但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义 ※shall的用法 (1)用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。 Shall I go out for a walk after supper? 晚饭后我可以散散步吗? (2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁,或用于正式法律、条规中。 —Will you read me a story, Mummy? —OK. You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.[摘自2011·陕西高考] ——妈妈,给我讲个故事好吗? ——好的,如果你尽快上床睡觉我就给你讲一个。 ※should的用法 (1)表示一种“义务或职责”,通常理解为“应该”。 You should take the medicine with a full glass of water. 你应该用满满一杯水来服这种药。 (2)表示惊奇、赞叹、不满等情绪。 It never occurred to me that she should lie to me again. 我从来没有想到她竟然又骗我。

情态动词与虚拟语气

情态动词与虚拟语气 【语法要点】 情态动词 所谓情态动词是指它含有一定的含义,可以表达某种感情和说话的语气,但是它不可以单独使用 作谓语动词。学习情态动词主要学习英语国家的语言习惯和表达法,特别是在口语中不要过分追求原理,更不要不根据说话场合而进行推理,编造出一些语法结构正确的中文式英语。 一、情态动词的类型 1.只作情态动词的有:must、can、could、may、might、ought to 2.既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有:need、dare 3.既可作情态动词又可作助动词的有:shall、should、will、would 二、情态动词的特征 1.表示说话人的情感态度,不能单独作谓语,与行为动词或连系动词一起作谓语。 2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。 3.具有助动词的特征:可用来构成否定句、疑问句或简短答语。 三、情态动词的用法 1.表示能力 (1)表示现在的能力,用can 或be able to。表示一般的能力时多用can,表示“经过努力成功 的做成某事”用be able to。 (2)表示过去的能力,用could或was/were be able to。区别同上。 (3)表示将来的能力,用will be able to。 2.表示推测、可能性 (1)can 用在肯定句中表示客观的可能性,而不表示具体事情实际发生的可能性。 例如:Accidents can happy on such rainy days. (2)表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的情态动词,其表示可能性的层次如下表: 情态动词肯定式否定式疑问式 must 必定、必然、一定 will 很可能、大概不会、不该会,,吗? would 可能性较will 小不会、不该(较won’t 弱)会,,吗?(较will 弱) should 应该会、理应(表示合乎理想的情况或结果) ought to 与should 同义 can 一定不会、不可能(否定推测)有可能吗? could 可疑的可能不可能(与can’t 同义)有可能吗?(较can 弱)may 或许、可能、说不定可能不 might 或许、可能(较may 弱)可能不(较may not 弱) 注意→(1)may,must 常用于肯定句,一般不用于否定句和疑问句。 (2)can 常用于否定句,疑问句和感叹句中,表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思。could 既可用于肯定句,又可用于否定句、疑问句中。

情态动词虚拟语气练习及答案

@ 情态动词和虚拟语气 1. Jack descried his father, who ________a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wiled man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ) 2. —Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You _______ be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can recommend parents _______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. ~ A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow 4. You_______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 5. —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry. You________ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_w w. k#s 6. I have told you the truth I keep repeating it A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will ~ 7. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. A. can B. will C. must D. may 8. Just be patient. You ________ expect the world to change so soon. A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not 9. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ________ see you now. He’s busy. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 10. I _______ have watched that movie—it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t < 11. –May I take this book out of the reading room –No, you . You read it in here. A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 12. —Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. — Oh, you _________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 13. — _______ I take the book out —I'm afraid not. *

高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点

情态动词与虚拟语气 常考考点一情态动词+have done 情态动词+have done 表示对过去的虚拟

1.I have watched that movie it’ll give me horrible dreams. A.Shouldn’t ’t ’t ’t 2.Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. ’t ’t ’t ’t , Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday. -----Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline. 、 ’t ’t

have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. 5. He didn’t regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently. express B. would express have expressed have expressed 6. -----I’m sorry. I at you the other day. ------Forget it, I was a bit out of control myself. ’t shout ’t have shouted is my dictionary I remember I put it here yesterday. # -------You it in the wrong place. A.must put B. should have put put have put 8. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. have taken have taken ’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken 9. As you worked late yesterday, you have come this morning. ’t ’t ’t ’t did you do on the driving test ---------Not so well. I much better, but I was too nervous. do have done ’t have done D. should do

2018年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气 含答案

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要点一情态动词的基本用法 ,could 【温馨提示】 can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 ,might 【温馨提示】 may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 ,would 【温馨提示】 would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。

,should,ought to ,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must的问句时,否定回答通常用needn’t或don’t have to。(2) mustn’t表示“禁止;不许”;而don’t have to表示“不必”。(3) must只有一种形式,而have to有人称、时态的变化。 的用法 的用法

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5.must,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must 的问句时,否定回答通常用 needn ’t 或don ’t have to 。(2) mustn ’t 表示“禁止;不许”;而don ’t have to 表示“不必”。(3) must 只有一种形式,而have to 有人称、时态的变化。 7.dare 的用法 【温馨提示】 (1)dare 用作情态动词有dare,dared 两种形式。 (2)dare 用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to 可省去,但dare 以动词-ing 形式出现时,不定式符号to 不能省略。 要点二 “情态动词+have done ”的用法 1.must have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can ’t/cannot have done 。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just now.He can ’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 2.could have done 意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn ’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 3.may/might have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done 意为“可能没有做……”。 It ’s no use going to his house.He may not have gone home.He may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。 他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 4.should/ought to have done 表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to have done 表示“本不该做某事却做了”。

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“would+have+done”虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做” 1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事,但是你没有问我。 2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助,我是不会取得如此大的成绩。“could+have+done”是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试,但是他太粗心。 请看相关知识点: 一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面还是湿的。 2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话,一定是发疯了。 二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测,译成“不可能做过某事”。 1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了,我刚才还在图书馆见过他。 2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱,她回家去了。 三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,译成“可能做过……吗?”。 1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯,他们可能出去了吗? 2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们,他们可能到什么地方去呢? 四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试,但是他太粗心。 五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。 —What has happened to George? —I don't know. He may have got lost. —乔治发生了什么事?

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第五章情态动词和虚拟语气 一、情态动词的语法特征 (1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 (2)情态动词除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。 (3)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。 (4)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式、分词、动名词等形式。 二、虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,多半不是事实,或与事实相反。 高考重点要求: 1、情态动词的基本用法 2、情态动词表示推测的语义差别 3、情态动词后接不定式完成体的不同意义 4、虚拟语气中情态动词的用法 第一节知识点概述 一、情态动词 (一)情态动词种类 1. can表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”、“技能”或根据客观条件能做某种动作的“可能性”, 但表示人的体力或智力的具体动作时须用be able to . He was able to do that without any help.他不需要任何帮助就能完成这项工作。 2. may表示“允许,可以”,相当于be allowed to . may或might可和as well连用,表示“建议”,译为“还是……的为好” You may as well keep a certain distance from that mad man. 你们还是离那疯子远点为好。 You might as well go home now.你还是现在回家为好。 3. must表示“必须”或“应当”、“一定”。 4. have to 加动词原形,表示“不得不”,“必须”,它比must更强调客观。 Tom had to work into the deep night every day to earn a living. 汤姆为了生计每天都得工作到深夜。 5. should 表示“劝告”,“建议”或“义务”时,译作“应当”,或表示“预测”和“可能”。 He should take care of his parents as they are old enough not to live on themselves. 由于父母亲老了,不能自理,他应当照顾他们。 He should be there now. 他应该在那儿。 should have done在虚拟语气中表示“责备或后悔”。 6. ought ,只有一种形式,且ought后必须加to,然后跟接动词原形表示“有义务”或“必要”做某事,译为“应当,应该”。 7. dare 可以用作情态动词,后面跟不带to的动词不定式,这主要用于否定句中,它本

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