陶洁版美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案修订稿
陶洁版美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案
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美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案陶洁(部分) Unit 1 Benjamin Franklin
Questions
did Franklin write his Autobiography
Franklin says that because his son may wish to know about his life, he is taking his one week vacation in the English countryside to record his past. He also says that he has enjoyed his life and would like to repeat it
made Franklin decide to leave the brother to whom he had been apprenticed
His brother was passionate, and had often beaten him. The aversion to arbitrary power that has stuck to him through his whole life .After a brush with the law, Franklin left his brother.
did he arrive in Philadephia
First he set out in a boat for Amboy, the boat dropped him off about 50 miles from Burlington, the next day he reached Burlington on foot, in Burlington he found a boat which was going towards Philadelphia, he arrived there
about eig ht or nine o’clock, on the Sunday morning and landed at the Market Street wharf.
features do you find in the style of the above selection It is the pattern of Puritan simplicity, directness, and concision(言简意赅). The narrative is lucid(易懂的), the structure is simple, the imagery is homely(朴素的).
Unit 2 Edgar Allen Poe
is the narrator What wrong does he want to redress Montresor.
Fortunato, one of wine experts insulted him, so he wanted to murder him.
is the pretext he uses to lure Fortunato to his wine cellar
He baits Fortunato by telling him he has obtained what he believes to be a cask of Amontillado a rare and valuable sherry wine.
Fortunato is anxious to determine whether or not it is truly Amontillado, so he goes to the vault with Montresor.
happens to Fortunato in the end
He was walled up alive behind bricks in a wine cellar.
briefly how Poe characterizes Montresor and Fortunato as contrasts
Poe uses color imagery to characterize them. Montresor face is covered in a black silk mask, In contrast, Fortunato dresses the motley-colored costume of the court fool, who gets literally and tragically fooled by Montresor's masked motives.
The color schemes here represent the irony of Fortunato's death sentence.
Through the acts, words, and thoughts ofFortunato,we know He is greedy, he was lured into the dark and somber vaults just because a cask of Amontillado.
This is also due to his bad habit of bibulosity(酗酒）. He lost himself on hearing the wine.
At the same time, he was cheated by his enemy, which reflected his ignorance.
When he heard the pretended compliment from Montresor, he became very boastful and arrogant.
He was easily confused by the superficial phenomena and failed to watch out for others. He couldn’t tolerate that others were stronger than him.
For example, Montresor always stimulated him with Luchresi who was good at connoisseur（鉴赏） in wine.
Under the impulse of vanity, he fell into Montresor’s terrible trap.
In fact, he was careless and foolish and didn’t find that the danger was approaching him.
He looked down upon Montresor and others.
He didn’t realize his foolishness until the death was coming.
Talking from the appearance, Monstresor was a well-educated and “kind” businessman.
He enjoyed the honor and respect in the city. But in fact, he was an evil and awful person.
His inner feelings were so cruel that they even made
people tremble.
Under his rich appearance was the dirty soul and
despicable character.
We couldn’t see any glorious virtues in his mind. Instead, his heart was cold and dark.
It was the revenge that threw Montresor into the deep evil valley.
unit 4 Nathaniel Hawthorne
is the prison the setting of Chapter 1
No matter how optimistic the founders of new colonies may be, they are quick to establish a prison and a cemetery in their “Utopia,” for they know that misbehavior, evil,
and death are unavoidable.
This belief fits into the larger Puritan doctrine, which puts heavy emphasis on the idea of original sin—the
notion that all people are born sinners because of the initial transgressions of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. he is therefore using the prison building to represent the crime and the punishment which are aspect of civilized life
What is the implication of the description of the roses The rosebush symbolizes the ability of nature to endure and outlast man's activities.
The narrator suggests that roses offer a reminder of Nature's kindness to the condemned; for his tale, he says, it will provide either a “sweet moral blossom” or else some relief in the face of unrelenting sorrow and gloom.
the appearance of Hester Prynne and the attitude of the people towards her.The second paragraph on page 30.The crowd in front of the jail is a mixture of men and women, all maintaining severe looks of disapproval. Several of the women begin to discuss Hester Prynne, and they soon vow that Hester would not have received such a light sentence for her crime if they had been the judges. One woman, the ugliest of the group, goes so far as to advocate death for Hester.
has happened to Hester
As a young woman, Hester married an elderly scholar, Chillingworth, who sent her ahead to America to live. While waiting for him, she had an affair with a Puritan minister named Dimmesdale, after which she gave birth to Pearl.
The scarlet letter is her punishment for her sin and her secrecy.
Why does she make the embroidery of the letter A so elaborate
It seems to declare that she is proud, rather than ashamed, of her sin.
In reality, however, Hester simply accepts the “sin” and its symbol as part of herself, just as she accepts her child.
And although she can hardly believe her present “realities,” she take s them as they are rather than resisting them or trying to atone for them.
How does this tell us about her character
Throughout The Scarlet Letter Hester is portrayed as an intelligent, capable. It is the extraordinary circumstances shaping her that make her such an important figure.
Unit5 Herman Melville
are the stories Ismael tells about Moby Dick
Ishmael compares the legend of Moby Dick to his experience
of the whale.
He notes that sperm whale attacks have increased recently and that superstitious sailors have come to regard these attacks as having an intelligent, even supernatural origin. In particular, wild rumors about Moby Dick circulate among whalemen, suggesting that he can be in more than one place
at the same time and that he is immortal. Ishmael remarks that even the wildest of rumors usually contains some
truth.
Whales, for instance, have been known to travel with remarkable speed from the Atlantic to the Pacific; thus,
it is possible for a whale to be caught in the Pacific
with the harpoons of a Greenland ship in it.
Moby Dick, who has defied capture numerous times, exhibits an “intelligent malignity”（狠毒） in his attacks on men
does Ahab react so violently against the white whale
First, he lost one of his legs because of the white whale. Second,He considers Moby Dick the embodiment of evil in the world, and he pursues the White Whale，because he believes it his inescapable fate to destroy this evil. Ishmael suggests that Ahab is “crazy”and call him “a raving lunatic.” Do you agree with him Why or why not Ishmael describes Ahab as mad in his narration, and it does indeed seem mad to try to fight the forces of nature or God.
3. What narrative features can you find in the selected chapter
In the selected charpter, Melville employed the technique of multiple view of his narrative to portray Moby Dick to achieve the effect of ambiguity and let readers judge the meaning.
Unit 6 Henry David Thoreau
indeed did Thoreau live, both at a physical level and at a spiritual level
He lived in a cabin on Walden Pond, which belonged to Emerson’s property.
Thoreau ever bought a farm Why did he enjoy the act of buying
No, he hadn’t.
He avoided purchasing a farm because it would inevitably tie him down financially and complicate his life. Thoreau didn’t see the acquisition of wealth as the goal for human existence, he saw the goal of life to be an exploration of the mind and of the magnificent world around us.
He regarded the places as an existence free of obligations and full of leisure.
it significant that Thoreau mentioned the Fourth of July as the day on which he began to stay in the woods Why Yes, it is.
Because The Fourth of July is known as Independence
Day,the birthday ot the United States.
Here Thoreau uses the day to express his beginning ofregeneration at Walden.
It also means a symbol of his conquest of being.
could you answer the question Thoreau asked at the end of this selection
Unit 7 19th Century American Poets
1. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
(1) I Shot an Arrow…
1. Why did the speaker lose sight of his arrow and song The arrow flies too swiftly and too far away to be seen by the speaker; whereas the song is naturally invisible.
2. In what circumstances did he find them again
He finds them unexpectedly years later from the trunk of
a tree and the heart of a friend.
3. What do arrow and song stand for in this poem
The images of arrow and song here may stand for friendship.
(2) A Psalm of Life
1. What kind of person is the speaker of this poem
The speaker is a man of action, always optimistic and cheerful, trying to achieve as much as possible in the short span of life.
2. According to the poem, how should our lives be led to overcome the fact that each day brings us nearer to death We should work harder and live happier.
3. Interpret the metaphor of "Footprints on the sand of time" (line 28).
The metaphor refers to human deeds in real life.
2. Walt Whitman
(1)One's Self I Sing
1. What is the significance of singing about one's self
It is an exaltation of the individual spirit, which is typical of American people.
2. What is the difference between physiology and physiognomy
Physiology is a science that deals with the functions and life process of human beings, whereas physiognomy refers to an art of judging character from contours of face
itself or the appearance of a person.
3. What does Whitman mean by the term of "the Modern Man"
He means that a man should be free from any prejudice and pride, totally different from the traditional one, that is full of bias.
(3) O Captain! My Captain!
1. Why is the word "Captain" capitalized throughout the poem
In this poem the word “Captain” specially refers to Abraham Lincoln, president of the United States.
2. What overall metaphor does the poet employ in this poem
Life is a journey.
3. Why do people on the shores exult and bells ring, while the speaker remains so sad
They welcome the ship returning from its hard trip, whereas the speaker is sad because the captain fails to receive his own honor.
Dickinson
(1) To Make a Prairie …
1. What things are needed to "make" a prairie In what sense can one really do it
Some grass and insects and small animals. People can make
a prairie with their imagination.
2. How can "revery alone" create a prairie
The prairie stays in one's mind.
(2) Success Is Counted Sweetest
1. Why is success "counted sweetest by those who ne'er succeed"
Those who have tasted the bitterness of failure would have a keener desire for success.
2. Who are "the purple host"
The so-called successful people in the world.
3. Who is "he" in the last stanza
Anyone who is pursuing his success.
(3) I'm Nobody!
1. Who are the "pair of us" and "they" in this poem The "pair of us" refers to the speaker in the poem and the reader, and "they" refers to the public, especially those in power.
2. What does "an admiring bog" really mean" (line 28). It Implies the vain and empty common people, who are always admiring and pursuing the celebrities.
3. What is the theme of this poem
The real admirable life is a secluded and common one.
4. Do you want to be "nobody" or "somebody" Explain your reasons.
Different persons would have different answers to this question. Personally, I prefer to be nobody.
Unit 8 Mark Twain
1: Why do you think is so eager to tell these stories From ’s behaviors and contents of his narration we can know he is so eager to tell these , when "I" asked him to tell "me" something about , he “ backed me into a corner and blockaded me with his chair, and then sat down and reeled off the narrative”. And durin g the process of telling his stories, he never paid any attention to
others'response to his story and just went on telling what amused him. At last when the listener felt boring and wanted to leave, even didn't notice it and still asked him to sit there listening to him.
2: Does his audience share his enthusiasm in telling the stories No. the audience does not show any interest in ’ stories. In fact, the narrator was very feverish about his stories, but ,in the eyes of the listener,the stories were very boring and had nothing to do with his preoccupation. As an educated man, the listener couldn't understand the way of laborers for joy, and he would never bother himself
to understand it. So after the long time of ’ solo
narration and when the audience got a chance, he fled away. 3: Do you think the narrator and his listener ever suspect the presence of humor Why How do you interpret their interactions
The narrator and his listener never noticed or suspected
the presence of the intercourse,the narrator went
vigorously on his monotonous narrative "wihout a little smiling" talking about the animals and the things
like ,while the listener felt rather puzzled or bothered
by his seemed to be kind of coarse things. So the two different scenes go on separately without a intersection.
And their interaction was a complete failure according
toour common sense about it in this sense produced the effect of humor which can be tasted by our readers due to the skills adopted by Mark Twain .
Unit 14 F·Scott Fitzgerald
you think Gatsby deserves to be called “the great” Why （1）I think it is too complicated to simply say Gatsby deserves to be ―great‖ or one thing, Gatsby was
ambitious, hardworking, generous and passionate. He was so extremely loyal to his love and Daisy that he could do
anything to get Daisy back: he did shady business to earn money and social position; he threw luxurious parties just
to draw Daisy’s attention; he could take the blame for a
death that he did not cause.
（2）In this respect, he is much ―greater‖ than his contemporaries. For another thing, Gatsby never realized
that Daisy wasn’t the girl he loved anymore. Gatsby was
so innocent that he staked everything on his dreams, not realizing that his dreams are unworthy of him. He wasn’t
sober enough to be great.
“the green light” Gatsby believed in exist in reality Why or why not
（1）I think ―the green light‖ does not exist in reality. Because the green light which situated at the end of
Daisy’s East Egg dock and barely visible from West Egg
lawn represents Gatsby’s unattainable dream. Although the color itself can be seen as hope and bright future,
Gatsby’s quest for Daisy b ack is doomed to be impossible. Daisy lived in ―a material world without being real,
where poor ghosts, breathing dream like air‖.
（2）After five years when Gatsby met Daisy again, the miracle Daisy had lost her original glory. Therefore, there is no delaying that Gatsby’s dream would not come true. In the novel, the green light not only represents that innocent Gatsby looked forward to the future, but also means his longing for the history –his happy past with Daisy. The distinction between ideal and reality was huge. As if American dream between golden past and golden future always suffered from the realistic betrayal and crush.
does Gatsby’s Schedule reveal about him and how does it relate to the American Dream
（1）The schedule is a reflection of Gatsby’s determination and ambition. It reveals that he is hard on himself in pursuit of his goal—to be an upper-class man.（2）On one hand, we can know that he is persistent in pursuing his American Dream-- to attain wealth and happiness through his struggle. On the other hand, he is too idealistic and naive.
（3）He tries his best to make money and learns everything required to be an upper-class man so that he can get
access to his beloved is important，but there are other barriers difficult to penetrate. The girl he loves is as vulgar and superficial as others in her circle, she is unable to meets Gatsby’s romantic fantasy. So his dream
is destined to shatter, which indicates the disillusion of American Dream.
you read the line “He (the man with owl-eyed glasses) took off his glasses and wiped them again, outside and
in ,” what images does it create in your mind, given the novel’s numerous references to the strikingly strange scene of the spectacled eyes
（1）From this line , superficially, owl-eyes is a person with thick and blurry glasses who can not see clearly all the things in the world. However, we know he is actually an owl-wise observer and sees more clearly than anyone else in the novel. Owl-Eyes, except Nick, is the only friend to appear at the rain-soaked burial of Gatsby, when others are unwilling to come. He feels sympathy for Gatsby’s tragedy.
（2）After reading this line, I cannot help thinking of the billboard with its huge yellow spectacles in this novel. In many rainy days, Dr. Eckleburg’s eyes are also
陶洁版美国文学选读_第三版_课后习题答案解析
美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案洁(部分) Unit 1 Benjamin Franklin Questions 1.Why did Franklin write his Autobiography? Franklin says that because his son may wish to know about his life, he is taking his one week vacation in the English countryside to record his past. He also says that he has enjoyed his life and would like to repeat it 2.What made Franklin decide to leave the brother to whom he had been apprenticed? His brother was passionate, and had often beaten him. The aversion to arbitrary power that has stuck to him through his whole life .After a brush with the law, Franklin left his brother. 3.How did he arrive in Philadephia? First he set out in a boat for Amboy, the boat dropped him off about 50 miles from Burlington, the next day he reached Burlington on foot, in Burlington he found a boat which was going towards Philadelphia, he arrived there about eight
逻辑学公务员考试试题及答案
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■4 孟/关组合在雅典奥运会夺冠时,还有两对选手与她们几乎同时到达终点。在北京奥运会前,人们预测:虽然孟/关组合没有达到她们的最佳状态,但也有可能获得金牌。 以下各项中,除一项外都能提高孟/关组合在北京奥运会上夺冠的概率,这不能提高夺冠概率的就是哪一项？ A、孟/关组合在比赛中正常发挥。 B、那两对选手也没有达到她们的最佳状态。 C、那两对选手中有一对没有参加北京奥运会。 D、孟/关组合与那两对选手的成绩远远超过其她选手。 E、孟/关组合在比赛中超水平发挥。 ■5 李老汉说:“抗日战争期间,这里发生过屠村事件。” 以下哪一项就是李老汉说话必须预设的？ A、李老汉就是屠村事件的幸存者。 B、抗日战争期间,日本军队非常残暴。 C、中国历史上有过屠村事件。 D、中国历史上有过抗日战争那个时期。 E、李老汉从来不说谎话。 ■6 农业科学研究所对水稻品种进行施肥试验。试验表明:在其它条件不变的情况下,如果钾肥比磷肥多,则品种1号比品种2号长势好;如果磷肥比钾肥多,则品种2号比品种1号长势好。根据这个结果可以推出以下哪一项？ A、除钾肥与磷肥外,品种1号与品种2号不需要其它肥料。 B、氮肥也就是水稻生长所需要的。 C、品种1号与品种2号对于肥料的要求不一样。 D、如果改变了试验的其它条件,得到的结果可能就是不一样的。 E、在相同的条件下,品种1号与品种2号都比其它水稻品种长势好。 ■7 如果发生了交通事故,则不就是骑车人违反了交通规则就就是司机违反了交通规则。所以,如果骑车人没有违反交通规则,则司机违反了交通规则。 上述论证与以下哪项最相似？
美国文学选读期末考试重点
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新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第三册课后答案
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TEXT B Understanding the text [2] CBADBBCD Language focus Word in use [4] 1.indulge 2. propelled 3.aggravated 4.dazzled 5. alleviated 6.renowned 7.eloquent 8. destined 9.scorns 10. Applause Expression in use [5] 1.up 2.in 3.on 4.up 5.to 6.on 7.as 8.out sentence structure [6] 1.He prefers to start early rather than leave everything to the last minute 2.She prefers to be the boss, to be in charge and to organize others rather than be organized by some whom she may not even rate very highly. 3.My brother prefers to take the whole blame himself rather than allow it to fall on the innocent. [7] 1. Try as he would 2. Search as they would 3. Hard as we work Try as we might Collocation Warm-up 1. repeated 2.overwhelming 3.immense 1.heroic 2.sound 3.substantial 1.attained 2.fueled 3.achieved [8] 1. sudden opportunities 2. immense obstacles 3. amazing determination 4. profound difficulties 5. overwhelming failures 6. poverty-stricken 7. substantial hardship 8. repeated misfortunes 9. sheer persistence 10. dazzle audiences 11. achieve fame 12. strong will
胡泽洪逻辑学课后练习题参考答案
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. 逻辑学试题及答案 第一部分（选择题，共36分） 一、单项选择题（有且仅有一个正确答案,多选或错选不得分也不扣分）（2*13分） 1、“所有人都是有缺点的”与“并非所有人都不是有缺点的”，这两个判断之间具有（）。 B Ａ、矛盾关系Ｂ、反对关系Ｃ、差等关系Ｄ、下反对关系 2．在下列概念中，（）是单独概念。 D Ａ、非洲国家Ｂ、省人代会Ｃ、高等院校Ｄ、亚洲 3、棉花能保温，积雪也能保温。据测定，新降落的雪有40%到50%的空隙，棉花是植物纤维，雪是水的结晶，很不相同，但两者都是疏松多孔的。可见，疏松多孔的东西可以保温。A A、求同法 B、差异法 C、共变法 D、剩余法 4、.“大学生在高等院校学习，小李在高等院校学习，所以，小李是大学生。”这个三段论违反以下哪一种错误（）？D A、大项不当周延 B、小项不当周延 C、四概念错误 D、中项不周延 5、城市运动会举行女子万米比赛决赛，湖北、湖南和云南各有三名运动员参赛。赛前，甲乙丙丁四位体育爱好者一起预测赛事结果。 甲：湖北队实力最强，这次决赛前三名，非湖北队莫属； 乙：湖北队没那么强，金银铜牌湖北队顶多拿一个； 丙：我认为湖南队或者云南队会拿到牌； 丁：第一名如果不是湖北队，就应该是湖南队。 比赛结束后的结果，发现上述四人的预测，只有一人言中。现在问： 以下哪项最可能是该项比赛的结果？A A、第一名湖北队，第二名湖北队，第三名湖北队。 B、第一名湖北队，第二名湖南队，第三名云南队。 C、第一名湖南队，第二名湖北队，第三名云南队。 D、第一名云南队，第二名湖北队，第三名湖北队。 6“大学生在高等院校学习，所以，在高等院校学习的是大学生。”这个推理违反以 下哪一种错误（）？D A、大项不当周延 B、小项不当周延 C、四概念错误 D、前提中不周延的项在结论中也不得周延。 7、机修工和小轿车的比较恰恰类似于以下哪个对象和人体的比较？ 以下四个选项，哪项最合适这种比较？B A、办事员 B、医生 C、修理工 D、狗 8、在下列真值形式中，（）与“p∧q”之间的真假关系是矛盾关系。B Ａ、?p∧q Ｂ、p→?q Ｃ、?q∧p D、?p∧?q 9、在黑、蓝、灰、白四种从深至浅排列的油漆中，一种油漆只能被比它自身或者比它颜色更深的油漆所覆盖。 如果上述断定为真，那么，以下哪一项或者哪几项，最确切地概括了能被蓝色覆盖的颜色？B （1）这种颜色不会是蓝色。 （2）这种颜色不会是黑色。 （3）这种颜色不如蓝色深。 A、只有（2） B、只有（3） C、只有（1）和（2） D、（1）、（2）和（3） 10、下列推理形式中，有效的推理形式是（）。A Ａ、SAP，所以，SIP Ｂ、SIP，所以，SOP Ｃ、SEP，所以，并非SOP Ｄ、SOP，所以，并非SEP 11、在过去几年中，娱乐消费在家庭支出中的比例大幅提高，电影院的收入却一直在下降。 影院界人士认为：这主要是录像带出租业的发展抢了电影院的生意。以下答案选项 均属实，其中拿一个选项最有力地削弱了上述观点？C A、租借录像带的费用远远高于看电影。 B、在消费者中，仍然有一部分人喜欢看电影。 C、在录像带出租业繁荣之前，电影院的生意就已经呈下降趋势了。 D、许多电影制片厂通过出售他们影片的录像版权获得大笔收入。 12、国家教育部门有关负责人说：现在大学生家庭困难情况比以前大有改观。因为， 现在课余要求学校安排勤工俭学的学生是越来越少了。 上述结论可由以下哪个假设推出？C A、现在的大学生父母亲的收入随着经济的发展而增加，这使得大学生不再需要勤 工俭学来维持自己的生活了。 B、尽管家境有改善，学生也应当参加勤工俭学来锻炼自己。 C、课余要求学校安排勤工俭学是学生家庭是否困难的一个标志。 D、大学生把更多的时间花在学业上，勤工俭学的人就少些了。 13、开展国际营销的企业，一旦在某国外市场建立一套广泛的销售网络并取得销售显著 增长，就应该在国外市场采取与本国类似的营销策略。因此，在开创初期或在才建 立销售代表处的国外市场上，需采取与本国不同的营销策略。 以上哪项若为真，最支持上文中的结论？D A、国外市场与本国市场上销售网络可以完全相同。 B、广泛的营销网络要优于不发达的销售网。 C、某些国家经济比其他国家发展迅速。 D、比较起来，大型的国外市场比小型的更能适应本国营销策略。 二、双项选择题：（有2个可选答案，多选、少选或错选不得分也不扣分）
新视野大学英语读写教程第三版课后答案
新视野大学英语读写教 程第三版课后答案 Document number【SA80SAB-SAA9SYT-SAATC-SA6UT-SA18】
Unit 1 TEXT A Language focus Word in use [3] 1.whereby 2. pursuit 3. inhibit 4. maintain 5. patriotic 6. transcend 7. endeavor 8. dedication 9. prestige 10. nominate Word building [4]
[5]
1.resultant 2. tolerant 3. pollutants 4. inhabited 5. participants 6. descendants 7. attendants 8. respectful 9. contestants 10. neglectful 11. resourceful 12. boastful Banked cloze [6] 1.eventually 2. premier 3. endeavor 4. bypass 5. handicaps 6. committed 7. attained 8. transcend 9. feats 10. slightest Expressions in use [7] 1. removed from 2. failed in 3. in pursuit of 4. deviated from 5. precluded from 6. triumph over 7. work their way into 8. written off TEXT B Understanding the text [2]
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