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八年级英语(仁爱版)上册语法点归纳

八年级英语(仁爱版)上册语法点归纳
八年级英语(仁爱版)上册语法点归纳

Unit3 My Hobby

Topic 1 I love collecting stamps

一.重点词汇

hobby 爱好 vacation假期 painting 绘画 friendship友

谊 knowledge 知识 daily 每日的 whether 是否 such as 例如 used

to do sth. 过去常常做某事

take a bath 洗澡 be interested in 对,,感兴趣

go dancing 跳舞 go boating 划船 play volleyball 打排球 swimming 游泳

drawing 画画 collecting stamps 集邮 collecting coins

收藏硬币

listening to pop music 听流行音乐 listening to classical music

听古典音乐

listening to symphony 听交响乐 walking in the countryside 在乡间散步

二.重点句型:

1.Wow! So many stamps!(Page 53)哇,那么多的邮票!

本句意为:There are so many stamps. so many意思是“那么多”,so much意思也是“那么多”。如:

1)There are so many flowers. Or: So many flowers!这里有这么多的花。

2)There is so much water on the table. Or: So much water!桌子上有那么多的水。

2. We c an learn a lot about people, places, history, and special times from stamps. (Page 53)通过这些邮票我们可以学到许多关于人文、地理、历史和特殊时代

的知识。

a lot “许多、大量”,用在动词后,同very much。

另外,a lot of 和lots of 的意思也是“许多、大量”,要用在名词前,在肯定

句中常代替much,many。在口语中尤其如此。如:

a lot of和lots of之间没有多大区别,都可以与可数名词和不可数名词连用。与

不可数名词连用时,动词用单数,与可数名词连用时,动词用复数。见上述例句。

4. What things do you love collecting? (Page 53)你喜欢集什么东西?

love + doing表示“喜欢、爱好”,也可以用like+ doing表示。如:

5.I am interested in playing sports. (Page 54)我对运动感兴趣。

be interested in (doing) sth. “对,,感兴趣”

6.What do you often do in your spare time? (Page 55)

在你的业余时间里面你都做些什么啊?

in one’s spare time “在业余时间”“在闲暇之际”,也可用in one’s free time 替换。如:

7. I often go fishing. (Page 55)我经常去钓鱼。

go + doing表示“去做某事”

go +v-ing结构很常用,多用于体育活动和业余娱乐活动。如:

1)Let’s go fishing next Sunday.下星期天我们去钓鱼吧。

2)Are you going hiking this weekend?这个周末你打算去远足吗?

另外还有:go hunting 去打猎 go shooting 去射击 go swimming 去游泳

go bathing 去沐浴 go shopping 去购物 go climbing 去爬山

8.And I do a lot of reading. (Page 55)我通常都是阅读一些书籍。

在英语中有不少由“do + doing”的结构,表示“干某事”。如:

散步 do some walking do a lot of walking

读书 do some readingdo a lot of reading

洗衣服 do some washingdo a lot of washing

买东西 do some shoppingdo a lot of shopping

清扫 do some cleaningdo a lot of cleaning

11.Why not go out and do some outdoor activities? (Page 55)

为什么不走出去做一些户外运动呢?

这是一个省略句,全句可以说成Why shall we not go out and do some outdoor activities?常在口语中使用,用来征求对方的意见或表达建议。使用这种句子必须要

有上下文,如:

13.My interests are changing all the time. (Page 56) 我的兴趣爱好总是在不断地改变。

all the time“总是、一直”。

14. And I wasn’t interested in sports at all. (Page 56)我对运动一点兴趣都没有。

not...at all “一点也不,,”;“全然不”。如:

1)I didn’t mind it at all. 我一点也不在意。

2)—Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。

—Not at all.没关系。

3)He didn’t know that at all. 他对此事一无所知。

15. But now, my hobbies are sports, like soccer and swimming. (Page 56)

但是现在我的爱好是体育,比如足球和游泳。

like “像,,,好比,,”。如:

1)He swims very quickly like a fish.他游泳非常地快,像一条鱼。

2) The cake is round like a moon.这块蛋糕是圆的,就像月亮一样。

18. I enjoy listening to rock music. (Page 56)我喜欢听摇滚音乐。

like, love, enjoy和prefer,这四个词都有“喜欢”之意,但用法不同。试比较:

like意为“喜欢、爱好”,语气较弱,其后可跟名词、代词、不定式、动名词等作

宾语。like也常跟复合宾语,宾语补足语常用动词不定式。

love意为“爱,热爱,喜欢”,常指对祖国、亲人及朋友的爱,也可用于事物,强

调非常喜欢,具有较强的感情色彩。其后可跟名词、动名词、代词或不定式作宾语。如:1)Father loves his work.爸爸热爱他的工作。

2)I love watching TV.我爱看电视。

3)Children love to play this game.孩子们爱做这种游戏。

4)We all love our great motherland.我们热爱我们伟大的祖国。

enjoy意为“喜欢,欣赏”,含有“乐于、享受,,之乐趣”之意,其后可以跟名

词、代词或动名词作宾语。enjoy oneself表示“玩得愉快”之意。

prefer意为“宁愿、更喜欢”,常用于两者之间的选择,其后可跟名词、代词、动

名词或不定式。prefer...to...表示“宁愿,,,不愿,,”,“喜欢,,而不喜欢,,”,其中to为介词,后可跟名词或动名词。如:

1)Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?你比较喜欢喝茶,还是喝咖啡?

2)I prefer walking to cycling.我喜欢步行胜过骑单车。

3)My brother likes maths, but I prefer English.

我哥哥喜欢数学,而我更喜欢英语。

20.I used to do that in the pond in front of my house. ( Page 57)

我过去常在我家门前的池塘里游泳。

in front of “在,,的前面”;指在物体外部的前面。而in the front of “,,

的前部”;指在物体内部的前面,即前部。注意它们的区别。试比较:

1)There is a tall tree in front of my house.我家房前有一棵大树。

2)Don’t stand in front of me. I can’t see the blackboard.

别站在我前面。我都看不见黑板了。

21.Nobody. I taught myself. ( Page 57) 没有任何人,我自学的。

=learn by oneself

teach oneself “自学、自修”。teach动词“教授、教,,”有些动词后常跟反

身代词,如:enjoy oneself “过得愉快”, help oneself “随便吃(用),,”。如:

22.When they are free, people usually do what they like. (Page 58)

当人们空闲的时候,他们总是做一些自己喜欢的事情。

free “有空、空闲”, be free可以替换为have time。如:

24.When people become old, hobbies can keep them healthy. When people are sick, hobbies can help them get well sooner.(Page 58)

当人们变老的时候,爱好可以帮助他们保持健康。当人们身体虚弱的时候,爱好还

可以帮助他们很快地康复。

本句中become, keep, be, 与get都是系动词。系动词的基本用法是其后加形容词

做表语。系动词一共可以分为两大类:表示状态的和表示状态变化的。

系动词表示状态的又分为以下三类:

1)be, seem, appear等。

2)由感官动词变化而来的,翻译成中文通常可以翻译成“,,起来”,这些系动词有:look, sound, feel, taste, smell等。

3)由不及物动词转化而来的,这些系动词有:stand, keep, prove, remain

系动词表示状态变化的包括:become, go, get, grow, turn, fall等。如:

三.语法学习

1.I used to listen to rock music but now I collect telephone cards and

paintings. (Page 53)

我过去常听摇滚乐,可现在我集电话卡和画。

used to do sth. 这一结构表示过去的习惯(过去经常反复发生的动作)或状态(暗含的意思是现在已不复存在),只有一种形式,即过去式,用于所有人称。used to的否定形式为:used not to do或didn’t use to do。疑问句为Used you to... ? 或 Did you use to...?如:

1)I used to go to school on foot.

我过去步行上学。(暗含的意思是:我现在不再步行上学了。)

2)Mary used to sleep late.

玛莉过去总是很晚才睡觉。(暗含的意思是:玛莉现在睡觉不再那么晚了。)

4)He used not to like Peking opera, but now he’s very fond of it.

他过去不喜欢京剧,但现在非常喜欢。

另外,注意be used to doing sth.与used to do sth.的区别:

be used to doing sth “习惯于,,,适应于,,”

情态动词must的三种否定形式

must表示“必须”时,其否定回答为don’t have to,意思为“不需要”。如: 1)Must I pay back the money right now? No, you don’t have to.

我必须现在偿还这笔钱吗?不,你不需要现在还。

2)You must listen to the teacher carefully in class.

你必须在课堂上认真听讲。

must表示“推测”时,其否定形式为can’t,意思为“不可能”。如:

1)I’ve seen what she is talking about, so she can’t be telling lies.

我目睹了她所说的事情,因此,她不可能在说谎。

2)Yesterday I received a letter from him, so he can’t be here.

昨天我收到了他的信,所以说他不可能在这儿。

而must not的意思为“绝对不可,不许,禁止”。如:

1)You must not smoke in the hospital.你绝对不可以在医院里吸烟。

2)You must not cross the road when the traffic lights are red.

3.He doesn’t mind whether they’re good or not. ( Page 59)

他并不介意它们是否是好的。

此句为以whether引导的宾语从句。whether...or not“不论是否,,”。如:1)You have to get up early everyday whether it rains or not.

你必须天天早点起床,不论是否下雨。

2)Whether we go or not matters little.不论我们是否去,关系不大。

if与whether的区别。

二者在引导宾语从句时一般可换用。如:

1)I want to know if / whether it is going to rain tomorrow.

我想知道明天是否下雨。

2) He asked me if / whether Li Ping was at home.他问我李平是否在家。

3) He didn’t understand if / whether the stranger told a lie.

他不明白那个陌生人是否说的是假话。

但下列几种情况不能换用。

whether 后可紧接or not,而if一般不能。

Let me know whether or not you can come.

你能来还是不能来,请告诉我一声。

whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句前,if则不能。如:

Whether this is true or not, I can not say.

这件事是否真实,我说不上。

不定式前用whether,不用if。如:

I haven’t decided whether to go to the cinema or to stay at home.

我还没有决定是看电影还是留在家里。

介词后可用whether,不用if。如:

I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.我是否回家还没有定。

Topic2 I like pop music

一. 重点词汇

pity遗憾 concert 音乐会 violin 小提琴 sweet 悦耳的

continue doing sth. 继续做某事 be born 出生 set up 建立

classical music 古典音乐 folk songs 民歌 stage name 艺名

everyday life 日常生活 be famous for 因,,而著名 look for 寻找

二. 重点句型

1.And it sounds great! (Page 61) 听起来好极了。

sound 系动词“听起来”,系动词后常与形容词连用。

4.What do you do in your free time? (Page 63) 你在闲暇之际干些什么?

in one’s free time “在闲暇之际”。

6.Pop music often comes and goes easily. (Page 64) 流行音乐来得快去得也快。

come and go easily 可以翻译为“来去匆匆”。如:

7.They are very popular among young people. (Page 64)它们在年轻人当中很流行。

among 介词“在,,当中”,“在,,中间”,用于三者或三者以上;而between 也是介词“在,,当中”,“在,,中间”之意,则只能用于两者之间。如:1)Among the family, Lin Tao is the youngest.在全家人中,林涛是最小的。

3)Mary is sitting between the twins.玛丽坐在双胞胎的中间。

8. Guo L anying, Song Zuying and Tenger are famous for their folk songs. (Page 64)

郭兰英,宋祖英和腾格尔以(唱)民歌而出名。

be famous for“以,,而著名”, “因,,而出名”。如:

be famous as / be known as

9.It is one of the most famous rock bands in the world. (Page 65)

它是世界上最著名的摇滚乐队之一。

one of “,,之一”。常用在“one of + 最高级 +名词复数”结构中。如:

1)Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.

长江是世界上最长的河流之一。

2)Liu Xiang is one of the fastest runners in the world.

刘翔是世界上跑得最快的人之一。

10.In the fall of 1976, a 14-year-old high school student, Larry Mullen,

looked for some musicians. 在1976年的秋天,一个14岁的中学生,Larry Mullen

寻找一些音乐家。

1)fall是美国英语,相当于英国英语的中的autumn。

2)14-year-old 数词和名词之间有连字符的,名词不用复数。

13.The four members are still close friends after many years. (Page 65)

多年后,4位成员仍然是好朋友。

close “亲密的”。如:

a close friend一个亲密的朋友

14.They continue making music. (Page 65)他们继续创作音乐。

continue + to do sth./ doing sth./ n.“继续做某事”。如:

continue to read/writing/ a story 继续阅读/写作/一个故事

15.And people all over the world still enjoy their music very much. (Page 65)

全世界的人们仍然非常喜欢他们的音乐。

all over the world 全世界

play the piano “弹奏钢琴”。在英语中,在表示弹奏、演奏乐器时,所有的乐

器前面都要加定冠词the,如:

play the guitar弹吉他

play the piano弹钢琴

play the violin拉小提琴

play the drums 敲鼓

而与之相反,在英语中表达玩球类项目时,我们通常在球类项目的名词前不加定冠词。如:

play football踢足球

play basketball打篮球

play bridge cards打桥牌

play chess下棋

17.He says violin music is his favorite and it makes him happy. (Page 67)

他说小提琴是他的最爱,使他很快乐。

make +n.+adj.结构。如: The news made us very exciting. 这个消息使我们很激动。

三.语法学习

1. What a pity! (Page 61)真遗憾!

这是一个由what引导的感叹句。what引导感叹句的基本构成为:

what + a / an +(形容词)+可数名词单数!

what +(形容词)+可数名词复数/不可数名词!如:

1)What a stupid question!多么愚蠢的问题啊!

2)What lively boys they are! 多么活泼的男孩子们啊

Topic3 The movie is so wonderful!

一. 重点词汇

nobody无人 museum 博物馆 church教堂 factory工厂 program节目

pleasant令人愉快的 handsome英俊的 agree with sb. 与某人看法一致

take a shower洗澡 answer the phone 接电话 do some cleaning 打扫卫生

knock at 敲 too,to太,..以至于不能 talk about谈论关于

二.重点句型

1.I called you but nobody answered the phone. (Page 69)

我给你打电话了,但是没有人接。

answer the phone 固定词组,可翻译为“接电话”

answer的意思是“回答,答复”。如:

1) What shall I answer?我将怎样回答呢?

2) Have you answered his letter? 你回了他的信吗?

3) Answer the door, please, Jack. Someone is knocking at the door.

开门去,杰克,有人在敲门。

2.Oh, I was taking a shower. (Page 69) 我在淋浴。

take a shower淋浴,也可以用动词have代替take。如:

洗澡 take a bath have a bath

休息一下take a resthave a rest

看一看take a lookhave a look

散散步take a walkhave a walk

3.Yeah, I think so. (Page 71)是,我也这样认为。

在think后面可以用so来代替前面的内容,以避免重复。例如:— Is he at home? 他在家吗?

— Yes, I think so. 是的,我想他在家。

I think so.的否定形式一般为I don’t think so.例如:—Do you think classical music is very popular in China?

你认为古典音乐在中国很流行吗?

—No, I don’t think so. 不,我认为不很流行。

4.And I also like the young man with light hair. (Page 71)

我也喜欢那个留着浅色头发的年轻人。

with在这里是“有”的意思。如:

a coat with two pockets有两个口袋的衣服

a girl with blue eyes碧眼女郎

a woman with an angry look in her eyes眼里有怒色的女子5.He is so handsome! (Page 71)他非常帅!

so在口语中,与加重语气的感叹句连用,作very解。如:

1) I’m so glad to see you!我很高兴见到你!

2) It was so kind of you !你真好!

3) There was so much to do!这么多事要做!

6.I agree with you. (Page 71)我同意你的意见。

agree with sb.同意某人的看法。如:

I don’t agree with her.

我不同意她的意见。

7. You look very sad. (Page72) 你看起来很伤心。

look系动词,可以翻译为“看起来”。look做系动词,后面可以接形容词、动词的过去分词、名词、介词短语以及as if从句做表语。如:

1)Tom looks very strong. 汤姆看起来非常的强壮。(形容词做表语)

2)Amy looks a fool. 埃米看起来像一个傻瓜。(名词做表语)

3)You look like your mother. 你看起来很像你的母亲。(介词短语做表语)

4)It looks as if we’re going to win this game. 看起来似乎我们要赢得这场比赛。(从句做表语)

8.There’s nothing serious. (Page 72)没什么严重的事。(没事。)

nothing serious “没事”。注意此结构的用法。用来修饰代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody等的形容词,要放在被修饰词的后面。如句中serious要放在nothing的后面。如:

1) Would you like anything else?你还要点儿什么吗?

2) I’ll tell you something important.我要告诉你一件重要的事。

3) There is nothing wrong with the computer.这台电脑没毛病。

8.Well, Miss Wang was angry with me. (Page 72)王老师生我的气了。

注意be angry 后所跟的介词:

be angry with + sb. 生某人的气

be angry at + sb. 对某人的言行气愤

be angry about + sth. 对某事生气如:

1) He was angry with himself for having made such foolish mistakes.

他因犯如此愚蠢的错误而气恼自己。

2) He was angry at being kept waiting.他因旁人使他久等而生气。

3) He was angry about so much traffic in the street. 他对街上那么多的车辆而气恼。

9.In the early 1800s, Sunday was the “holy day”. (Page 73)

在19世纪早期,星期日的含义就是“神圣的一天”。

1800s表示19世纪,同样的,1900s则表示20世纪。

10.In the US, workers called them“blue Mondays”.(Page 73)

在美国,工人们把它们叫做“蓝色星期一”。

蓝色(blue)在汉语中的引申意义较少,而在英语中blue是一个含义十分丰富的颜色词。在翻译同这一颜色有关的表达时,我们应该注意其中的特别含义。

英语的blue常用来喻指人的“情绪低落”、“心情沮丧”、“忧愁若闷”,如:

1)They felt rather blue after the failure in the football game.

球赛踢输了,他们感到有些沮丧。

2)—She looks blue today.What’s the matter with her?

—She’s in holiday blue.

—她今天显得闷闷不乐,出了什么事?

—她得了假期忧郁症。

11. Then decide how you are going to spend your weekend. (Page 74)

然后决定你的周末怎么过。

spend度过;花费(时间、金钱)。结构有:spend...on sth., spend...(in)doing sth. 如:

1)He spent 5 yuan on the post card. 他买这张明信片花了5元钱。

2)They spent three days looking for the lost sheep on the hill.

他们用了三天的时间在山上找丢失的羊。

12. Did you have a good time? (Page 76) 你们玩得高兴吗?

have a good time = enjoy oneself过得愉快;玩得高兴。类似的说法还有have a great time, have a nice time, have a wonderful time。

三.语法学习 I was doing some washing. I was doing some cleaning. (Page 69)

我在洗衣服。我在打扫卫生。这句用的是过去进行时.

1. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作,也表示过去一段时间内

的活动或那个阶段正在进行的动作.如:

He were watching TV at 8:00 last night.

They were writing a book last month.

3. 过去进行时由be (was/were)+动词ing 形式构成的,

肯定句:主语+was/were +doing +,

否定句: 主语+wasn’t/weren’t +doing +,

一般疑问句: Was/Were+主语+doing+,

肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were.

否定回答:No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.

如: They were studying English at this tine yesterday.

They weren’t studying English at this time yesterday.

Were they studying English at this time yesterday?

Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.

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6. plan to do sth. 计划做某事 7. have a skating club 举办滑雪俱乐部 8.go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足 9. arrive in 到达 10. play against…与……对抗/较量 11. for long 很久 12. leave for… 动身去… 13. the day after tomorrow 后天 14. places of interest 名胜 16. play baseball 打棒球 17. at least 至少 18. be good at=do well in 善于做某事 19. take part in=join in =be in 参加 20. all over the world =around the world全世界 21. be good for 对……有益 22. a good way to do sth 做…的一种好方法 23. keep fit/healthy 保持健康

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程度递增。 The+比较级…The+比较级… 越越 两种情况同时变。 Unit 5 Topic 3 Section A Have\has +动词过去分词。现在完成时。 Can’t be 肯定不是,否定推测。 Must be 一定是,肯定推测。 May be 可能是,猜测推测。 At the end of… 在的最后。 In the end of…最后。 That\it’s+adj+for sb\to do sth. Instead of+n.\v\代… 代替 Take turns to do sth.=take turns at doing sth.=do by turns 轮流做某事。Section B Be bad\good for… 对有害\益。 Get along with sb\sth 与相处得好。

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