英语语法-句子成分分析及其练习进步

如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) Time flies. （时光飞逝。）

这两句话中分别由代词They ，名词Time 作主语。

主语的位置：一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。

The school is far from here. 名词做主语

She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语

Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语

The blind need more help. 名词化的形容词做主语

Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语

To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短语做主语

That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble.

他忘了告诉我开会的时间给我带来了很多麻烦。（从句）

It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.

（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）

英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词

谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。

谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当，因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词，不能作谓语。且谓语动词可以体现时态，单复数的语法现象。

如：They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He enjoys singing songs.（他喜欢唱歌。）这两句话分别由动词were （are 的过去式），enjoys singing （enjoy doing动词短语）作谓语。其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态，且主语的人称为第一人称，enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时，且主语的人称为第三人称。

宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。如：I play with him. (我和他玩。)

I like Chinese food.（我喜欢中国菜。）

这两句话中分别由人称代词him ，名词food 作宾语。

直接宾语与间接宾语：

有的动词能够接双宾语，直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。

如：He gave me a book.（他给了我一本书）

这句话中a book 为直接宾语，me 为间接宾语。

又如：My mother bought a schoolbag to me.(我妈妈买了一个书包给我。)

这句话中schoolbag 为直接宾语，me 为间接宾语。

及物动词必须跟宾语.

及物动词:直接接宾语的谓语动词.

不及物动词:不能直接带宾语的谓语动词.

宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句构成.

I saw a plane in the sky just now. 名词做宾语

I want three. 数词做宾语

I like going shopping. 动名词做宾语

We think predicting the future is hard. 宾语从句

有些及物动词除了要有一个宾语之外, 还须加上一个补足语。如果没有补足语(宾补), 有时候句子的意思就不完整。这就是补语与定语状语的关键区别。

充当宾补的有:

We elected him monitor.（名词）

We will make them happy.（形容词）

We found nobody in. ( 副词)

Please make yourself at home. （介词短语）

Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式）

His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（带to不定式）

Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词）

I’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）

接在系动词之后，其中接在系动词be 后是最常见的情况。

如They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He is kind.. (他心地善良。)

这两句话分别由名词teachers ， 形容词 kind 作表语。

名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。 Your pen is on the desk.

My dream is to have a robot.

He got very angry.

My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是一个护士。（nurse 名词表身份）

This table is long. 这个桌子是长的。（long 形容词表特征)

Children fall asleep easily.（形容词asleep

表状态）

Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代词）

Five and five is ten. （数词）

The picture is on the wall.( 介词短语)

The question is whether they will come.(表语从句）

可分为前置定语和后置定语，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，构成前置定语；相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面，构成后置定语。

如： This is red sun. (这是个红太阳) 这句话由形容词red 作前置定语，修饰sun. 又如：His work in the hospital is very hard.(他在这个医院的工作很辛苦。) 这句话由相当于形容词的介词短语in the hospital 作后置定语，修饰work 。

This is a red sun.这是个红太阳。（形容词red 修饰限定sun ）

He is a tall boy.他是个高个子男孩。（形容词tall 修饰限定boy)

Da Ming is a chemistry teacher.（名词）

He is our friend. （代词）

We belong to the third world.（数词）

The man over there is my old friend.(副词)

The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)

The trees planted last year are growing well now.(过去分词）

I have an idea to do it well.（不定式）

You should do everything that I do.（定语从句）

修饰名词，且起说明、限制作用。

状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。它可以表示时间、地点、方式、比较、程度、原因、目的、结果、条件和让步等。充当状语的有副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词短语、形容词、名词词组和从句等）常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。

如：The students study hard.(学生努力学习)

这句话由副词hard 作study的状语。

又如：Pandas only live in China. （熊猫仅生活在中国。）

这句话由介词短语in China 作live的状语。

再如：In the afternoon, I went to swim. (下午，我去了游泳。)

这句话由介词短语in the afternoon 作整个句子的状语。

I will go there tomorrow.（时间状语）

The meeting will be held in the meeting room.（地点状语）

The meat went bad because of the hot weather.（原因状语）

He studies hard to learn English well.（原因状语）

He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam.（结果状语）

If you study hard, you will pass the exam.（条件状语）

He goes to school by bike.（方式状语）

状语的位置

1. 在一般情况下,用于句末。

We like our school very much.

2.为了强调状语,可以把它放在句首.

I usually get up at six, but this morning I got up at eight.

3. 表频度的副词通常用于句中, 如always, usually, often, hardly, never,

用于行为动词前,be动词、助动词和情态动词后

I usually get up early. He is often late.

一些副词, 如already, once, just, soon, yet, still, nearly, almost, really, suddenly, certainly等用法相似// sometimes, now可以位于句首,句中或句末// only 在句中的位置比较灵活, 但位置不同, 意义也不同.

The actor only sang a song.

Only the actor sang a song.

The actor sang only one song.

两个或多个状语同时修饰时的顺序

1. 地点状语在前, 时间状语在后.

We will have a meeting in Room 202 tomorrow.

2. 较小单位的状语在前,由小到大

Mr. Li lives at 88 Chongwen Rd., Suzhou, Jiangsu.

3. 一个句子有几个不同种类的副词作状语, 其顺序大都是: 程度副词,方式副词, 地点副词, 时间副词

She sang very well at the meeting last night.

时间和地点状语也可以位于句首, 表示强调或使上下文更为连贯

Usually I read the newspapers in the morning, but yesterday I read them in the evening.

同位语与被它限定的词常常紧挨在一起。

限制性同位语与非限制性同位语：

限制性同位语中同位语与被它限定的词之间不用逗号隔开，非限制性同位语则用逗号隔开。

如：My uncle Mike is kind.(我的叔叔马克心地善良)

这句话中，Mike 作my uncle 的限制性同位语。

又如：He is interested in sports, especially ball games.

（他对运动感兴趣，特别是球类运动。）

这句话中ball games 作sports 的非限制性同位语。

综上所述，通常情况下，句子的成分分布如下：

划分句子成分练习题（1）

1.They are working on the farm now.

2.Seeing is believing

3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much

4.She became a doctor in 1998

5.The book lying on the floor are mine

6.Suddenly it begins to rain

7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday

8.I always find her happy

9.He wonders If I still study English

10.The letter which I received the day before yesterday

was a friend of mine

11.We always work hard at English.

12.He said he didn't come.

13.They love each other.

14.What did you bye?

15.She watched her daughter playing the piano.

16.your job today is to help the old.

17.Speaking doesn't mean doing.

18.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left.

19.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.

20.It takes me an hour to get there.

划分句子成分练习题（2）

(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother hasn't done his homework.

② People all over the world speak English.

③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.

④How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤Some of the students in the school want to go

swimming, how about you?

⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.

⑦ They made him monitor of the class.

⑧Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.

⑨You will find it useful after you leave school.

⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.

(二) 挑出下列句中的定语

① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.

② What is your given name?

③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.

④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.

⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

（三) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in

the reading-room.

②He asked her to take the boy out of school.

③She found it difficult to do the work.

④They call me Lily sometimes.

⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.

⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

(四) 挑出下列句中的状语

① There was a big smile on her face.

② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③He began to learn English when he was eleven.

④ The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast.

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.

⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.

⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.

(五) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

①Please tell us a story.

②My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.

④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.

⑤Did he leave any message for me?

答案：

练习一

1They(主语）are working（系表结构做谓语）on the farm（地点状语）now（时间状语）.

2.Seeing（动词ing做主语）is（谓语）believing （宾语）

3.All of us（主语）like （谓语）Kobe Bryant （宾语）very much （程度副词状语）

4.She（主语）became（谓语）a doctor （宾语）in 1998 （时间状语）

5.The book（主语）lying on the floor（补语）are（谓语）mine （宾语）

6.Suddenly （状语）it（形式主语）began to rain （谓语）

7.To catch the train ,（目的状语）I（主语）got up （谓语）early yesterday （时间状语）

8.I（主语）always (状语) find（谓语）her （宾语）happy （宾补）

9.He （主语）wonders （谓语）if I （条件句中的主语）still study（条件句中的谓语）English （条件句中的宾语）整个条件句做主干的宾语

10.The letter（主语）which I received the day before yesterday（定语从句）was（谓语）

a friend of mine （宾语）

11.We always work hard at English。

——————————————

主语状语谓语状语状语

12. He said he didn't come.

———————————————

主句主语主句谓语从句主语从句谓语

13.They love each other.

——————————

主谓语宾语

14.What did you buy?

————————

宾助动词主谓

15.She watched her daughter playing the piano. —————————————————————

主谓宾宾语补足语

16.Your job today is to help the old.

——————- ——————————

主定语系动词表语

17.Speaking doesn't mean doing.

————————————

主谓宾

18.Bye the time I got to the station, the train had left. —————————————————————————

时间状语从句主句主语主句谓语

19.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.

———————————————————————————————————-

主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语状语

20.It takes me an hour to get there. ————————————

形式主语谓语宾语真正主语

英语语法大全 句子成分分析

句子成分分析 在句中起着不同语法作用的成分，叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有九种： 1、主语（subject）表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象； 通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任： The sun rises in the east. 日出东方。（名词） He hated to see any bird killed.他讨厌看到鸟儿被杀。（代词） To see is to believe.眼见为实。（动词不定式） Seeing is believing.眼见为实。（动名词） Where we shall hold the party is not decided yet.我们还没有决定在何处举行晚会。（主语从句） It’s human to want something better.精益求精是人类的特性。（不定式） 2、谓语动词（predicate verb）说明主语的动作或状态，由动词或动词短语担任： We study English.我们学习英语。（动词） The car broke down on the way.车在路上抛锚了。（动词短语） Do be quiet,children.孩子们，务必安静点。（助动词+连系动词） We are having a meeting now.我们现在正在开会。（助动词+实义动词） Soldiers must obey orders.军人必须服从命令。（情态动词+实义动词） 3、表语（predicative）说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与连系动词一起构成复合谓语，通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担任： The next stop is the zoo.下一站是动物园。（名词） The game is yours.你（们）胜了。（代词） I was first! 我第一名！（数词） I feel terrible.我难受的厉害。（形容词） Is your mother in?你妈妈在家吗？（副词） I’m with you.我站在你这一边。（介词短语） Mary’s task is to set the table.玛丽的任务是摆桌子。（动词不定式） Her hobby is growing roses.她的爱好是种植玫瑰。（动名词） The situation is puzzling.形式令人迷惑不解。（现在分词） Do you feel satisfied with the arrangement?你对这安排满意吗？（过去分词） The fact is that they are cross with each other.事实是他们生彼此的气。（表语从句） That’s where you are wrong.这就是你错的地方（表语从句） He is no longer what he was.他已经不是以前的他了。（表语从句） 4、宾语（object）表示及物动词或及物动词短语的对象或内容，或用于介词后构成介词短语；通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任： May I have your attention ,please.请大家注意。（名词） I want a little.我要一点。（代词） I need two.我需要两个。（数词） Hope to see you soon.希望能很快见到你。（动词不定式） They risk losing everything.他们冒着失去一切的危险。（动名词） He insisted on seeing her home.他坚持送她回家。（动名词作介词的宾语） I’ll do what I can.我将尽力而为。（从句）

英语语法-句子成分-详解

英语语法-句子成分-详解 一个英语句子里面分为必须的成分：主语、谓语；可能有的成分：宾语、补语、修饰语（定语、状语、同位语）。 主语和宾语 主语 1）主语一般在句子开头，是句子的“陈述对象”，通常由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、相当于名词的词组或从句、引用充当。如： The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都喜欢他们的英语老师。 They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看太多电视对你的眼睛是有害的。 What we need is a good rest. 我们需要的是好好休息一下。 "I love you" is often heared on Valentine's Day.

情人节时，经常听到有人说”我爱你“。 2）形式主语与真实主语 主语是不定式短语、动名词短语或分句时，常会放在句尾，用"it"代替它原来的位置，这个"it"被称为形式主语，放在句尾的原主语为真实主语。如： It's very hard to get to sleep. 入睡很难。（不定式短语为真实主语，it为形式主语） It's a pity that you can't come. 你不能来真是件遗憾的事。（句子为真实主语，it为形式主语） 宾语 1）宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、名词化的形容词、动名词、动词不定式、介词短语或句子。如：I bought a ticket for Milan. 我买了一张去米兰的车票。 I enjoyed talking to you. 我和你谈话很高兴。 They decided to close the border. 他们决定封闭边境。

英语语法、句式、简单句子结构(透彻分析)

LESSON ONE 句子的三种模式 导言本课的重点是掌握英语的三种基本句型，注意词性和词序，以及定语的位置,同时注意中英文表达上的相同和不相同的地方。三种基本句型虽然简单，但至关重要。掌握好它们，在今后的学习中有一通百通之效。 ▲主+系动词+表 注：*注意该结构中的名词，它们能被定语修饰。 1 这个人是一个老师。The man is a teacher. 主语系表语主语系表语（名词） 2 他（是）很忙。He is busy. 主语系表语主语系表语（形容词） ▲注意中文中的系动词经常被省略,而英文中绝不能省。 3 她（是）在教室里。She is in the classroom.

主语系表语主语系表语（介词短语） ▲定语只修饰名词，不破坏句子的基本结构。通常由形容词和介词短语充当，形容词放在所修饰的名词之前，而介词短语放在所修饰的名词之后，请注意英语与汉语词序的不同。看懂中文的定语是翻译好定语的关键。 介词短语 ---英国法学家波洛克 介词短语 Happiness is a station -----------Pollock, British jurist 形容词介词短语 5 形容词介词短语 man is a teacher 介词短语形容词

6.教室里。 形容词介词短语 The teacher is handsome. My book is 表语（介词短语）定语（介词短语） She is 介词短语即可以做表语也可以做定语，虽然它们词性相同，但由于词序不同，它们所起到的作用也不同，当在is的后面是表语,跟在名词的后面它就起到定语的作用。 课堂练习 1 1是

人教版新目标初中英语语法知识--词类、句子成分和构词法

人教版新目标初中英语语法知识-词类、句子成分和构词法 一）词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词 ( n.) ：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词 ( pron.) ：主要用来代替名词。 如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词 ( adj..) ：表示人或事物的性质或特征。 如：good, right, white, orange. 4、数词 ( num.) ：表示数目或事物的顺序。 如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词 ( v.) ：表示动作或状态。 如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词 ( adv.) ：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词, 说明时间、地点、程度等。 如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 6、冠词 ( art. .) ：用在名词前 , 帮助说明名词。 如：a, an, the. 7、介词 ( prep.) ：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。

如：in, on, from, above, behind. 8、连词 ( conj.) ：用来连接词、短语或句子。 如：and, but, before . 9、感叹词 ( interj..) 表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。 如：oh, well, hi, hello. 二）、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物, 回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 如： I ’mMiss Green.( 我是格林小姐 ) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态 , 回答“做 ( 什么 ) ”。主要由动词担任。 如：Jack cleans the room every day.( 杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后, 说明主语的身份或特征, 回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。 如：My name is Ping ping .( 我的名字叫萍萍) 3、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果, 回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如：He can spell the word.( 他能拼这个词) 4、有些及物动词带有两个宾语, 一个指物 , 一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语, 指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . ( 他给我写了一封信 )

英语语法英语句子成分分析

精品文档——英语语法英语句子成分分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。 ）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一1般放于句首。如： )Students study. (学生学习。 )We are friends.(我们是朋友 是代词，它们在句中做主语。是个名词，we这两句话中单词students ）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组2担任，放在主语的后面。如： )Students study. (学生学习。 )我们是朋友We are friends. ( be叫做study叫做实意动词，are这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，动词，它们在句中作谓语。 ）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之3后。如： )他们是老师。They are teachers. ( )我和他一起玩。I play with him. ( 是带词，它们在句中作宾语。是名词，单词teachershim这两句话中单词 ）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短4语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如： .)This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳 ）He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。 都是形容词，它们作定语。tallred和这两句话中单词 ５）状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如： )这些学生学习努力。The students study hard. ( )I often write to him. (我常给他写信。 )The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。 修饰too和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词这三句话中单词hard 的是形容词，它们都作状语。 This 如：一般由名词或者形容词担任。６）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。)这个桌子是长的。table is long. ( 主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语,通常情况下精品文档． 精品文档放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下： （状语）宾语（定语）（定语）主语（状语）谓语 (The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo.如： (The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday.

英语语法基本知识——句子成分

句子成分 不同词类的单词，按照一定的语法规则组合在一起，能够表达一个完整意思的语言单位叫句子，一个句子由各种功能不同的部分组成，这些部分叫做句子成分。英语的句子成分有7种，主语，谓语，表语，宾语，定语，状语，补语。它的构成方法与中文很象，中文分：主，谓，宾，定，状，补，六类，再加上表语就形成了英文的形式。 下面主要是从词类的角度来分析句子成分： 一．主语 句子所要说明的人或者事物，是句子的主体，通常放与句首，一般不省略，可以担当主语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式，动名词和主语从句。下面依次举例： Walls have ears. He will take you to the hospital. Three plus four equals seven. To see is to believe. Smoking is not allowed in public places. Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 二．谓语动词 说明主语动作或者状态的句子成分，一般又实义动词或者系动词担任，助动词和情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也可以构成谓语动词 Actions speak louder than words The chance may never come again. Tom was very sick at heart. Mary has been working at the dress store since 1994. 注意：英语中最基本的原则就是：一句话，只能有一个谓语动词 三．表语（现代某些语法书直接把表语归类到了补语当中） 是用来说明主语的身份，特征和状态，它的位置在系动词之后。可作表语的有名词，代词，形容词与分词，数词，动词不定式与动名词，介词短语，副词以及表语从句。下面依次举例：My father is a professor. Who’ that? It’s me. Everything here is dear to her. The match became very exciting. The story of my life may be of help to others. Three times five is fifteen. His plan is to seek work in the city. My first idea was that you should hid your feelings. 四．宾语 宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在及物动词之后。英语介词后也会跟宾

初中英语语法——句子成分精讲

一、句子成分精讲 句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。 主要成分：主语和谓语 1、主语 一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。主语的位置： 一般位于句首，由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike.代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number.数词做主语 The blind need more help.名词化的形容词做主语 There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 2、谓语 表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态. 英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词 句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。 谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。分析句子的主语和谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. He can play the piano. My parents and I are having dinner. 3、表语 用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。 表语的位置 用在动词be和系动词的后面。 名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。 Y our pen is on the desk. He got very angry. My dream is to have a robot. 常见的系动词

经典英语语法100句

1. Education is the door to freedom. 教育是通向自由之门。[一个简单的主系结构] 2. Challenges make life interesting. 挑战使生活变得有趣。[make+…+:形容词作宾语补足语。] 3. Difficulties make life worth living. 困难让生活有价值。[make+…+介词短语：介词短语作宾语补足语。] 4. Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence. 世界上没有什么可以取代坚持。[否定词作主语。Take the place of：代替。] 5. It’s impossible to defeat a person who never gives up! 打败一个永不放弃的人是不可能的。[动词不定式作主语，“it”为形式主语。“who”引导的定语从句修饰先行词”a person”。] 6. The most important thing in life is to have a great aim and the determination to attain it. 生活中最重要的事情就是有一个远大的目标，并有决心实现它。[动词不定式作表语和定语。] 7. If you can dream it, you can do it. 只要你想得到，人就做得到。[“if”引导的条件状语从句。] 8. Actions speak louder than words. 行动比语言更加强大。[副词比较级] 9. Deeds are more powerful than words. 行为比言语更加强大。[形容语比较级] 10. Mistakes show us what we still need to learn. 从错误中我们知道该学什么。[“what”引导的宾语从句作直接宾语。从句中动词不定式作宾语。]

初中英语语法句子成分

句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语 主要成分：主语和谓语 1、主语 是动作或状态的主语。主语的位置：一般位于句首 由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词和从句充当。 The school is far from here. 名词做主语 She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语 Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语 Predicting the future is interesting.动名词做主语 To be a doctor is my dream.不定式短语做主语 What we shall do next is not yet decided. 从句充当主要 2、谓语 表示主语的动作或状态. 动词由动词或动词短语充当 谓语动词有人称、数、时态、语态的变化。 分析句子的主语和谓语 His parents are teachers. 系动词和表语构成谓语 Mr. Li teaches English. 行为动词做谓语 He can play the piano. 情态动词和行为动词构成谓语 We have finished reading the book. 助动词和实义动词构成谓语 3、宾语 是动作的对象或承受者。及物动词必须跟宾语. 对谓语对的进一步解释说明及物动词:直接接宾语的谓语动词. 不及物动词:不能直接带宾语的谓语动词. 宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句构成. I saw a plane in the sky just now.名词做宾语 We often help him. 代词做宾语 He likes to play basketb all. 不定式做宾语 I want three.数词做宾语 I enjoy going shopping.动名词做宾语 He said that he felt sick.从句做宾语

英语语法英语句子成分分析

英语语法——英语句子成分分析 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。 1）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends.(我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中做主语。 2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。如： Students study. (学生学习。) We are friends. (我们是朋友) 这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，study叫做实意动词，are叫做be动词，它们在句中作谓语。 3）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如： They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。) I play with him. (我和他一起玩。) 这两句话中单词teachers是名词，单词him是带词，它们在句中作宾语。 4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。如： This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.) He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。） 这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词，它们作定语。 ５）状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。如： The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。) I often write to him. (我常给他写信。) The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。) 这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词，它们都作状语。 ６）表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。如：This table is long. (这个桌子是长的。) 通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下：（定语）主语（状语）谓语（定语）宾语（状语） 如：(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo. (The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday. 请分析下面句子的结构说出各个成分 1）I have two elder sisters. （我有两个姐姐。） 2) They don't swim very well.（他们游泳不太好。） 3) Do you go to school every day? （你每天去上学吗？） 4) I really want a cup of tea.（我真的想要一杯茶。） 5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.（史密斯先生教英语非常好。） 语法其实并没有一些人想象的那么可怕，其实里面有很多趣味。 第一讲英语句子成分 WARM-UP：1)The teacher in the classroom. 2)Sang many songs and danced happily. 3)She attracts. 4)Many people

英语语法词汇句型必背佳句

高中必背句型句句经典（一线优秀教师总结） 1.With the development of economy, more and more families bought private cars, thus leading to much heavier traffic problems and more serious air pollution. 2.What is the most important is that we do not mind what others say so long as we are confident in what we have done. 3.It’s a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on is first entering a neighborhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters. 4.We believe we are confident and capable of overcoming the current difficulties and challenges we are faced with. In a word, all we need to do now is plan carefully and act in ways that reflect the reality to assure that we can make full use of our talent and skills. 5.You can take a horse to the water but you can’t make him drink. 强扭的瓜不甜 When everybody is somebody, then nobody is anybody.人人都伟大，世间无豪杰。 6.I love waking up in the morning and not knowing what’s going to happen, or who I’m going to meet, where I’m going to wind up. 泰坦尼克号 7.Your future depends on your dreams. So go to sleep. 加菲猫 8.Teachers are the basis of education and that the best students receive instruction from the best teachers. I t’s of great importance to train and nurture teachers, especially those from impoverished and remote rural areas. 9.what I want to stress is that a harmonious family plays a very important role in our life, therefore, it is up to every family member to contribute to the building of such a family. First of all, parents should be a role model for their children and pay more attention to their own words and behaviour. Being children of the family, we should respect and understand our parents, and share their burdens. Only in this way will our family be always harmonious. 10.In my opinion, it’s high time that our government should take measures to ban farmers from cutting down trees. Besides, various activities should be organized to make it clear that everyone is responsible for the environment. Only in this way can we have a blue day. 11.A recent survey found that walking like a happy person on purpose can lift one’s spirits, according to media report on Wednesday. Walking in a happy style makes people feel happy, while adopting the gait of a depressed person can bring on sadness. 12.when it comes to the current public transport, though it is improving, there still remains something to be done. In the first place, the government should add to the investment in the construction of transport. Additionally, it is better for the festival time to be lengthened. Last but not least, more people should be encouraged to ride home instead of driving a private car. 13.According to the information given above, there is nothing ambiguous about the serious situation and who is at fault. 14.It just can't be denied that it is the fast development that is to blame, but maybe the government should undertake the responsibility. 15.Current situation of pollution is considerably serious. Ranking among top pollution sources are vehicles, coal burning, airborne dust and so on. Reasons behind it go as follows. First of all, economic development are promoted at the expense of environment. Secondly, citizens are not aware of the significance of being careful with protecting the environment.

英语语法中的9种句子成分

英语语法中的9种句子成分 一.主语Subject “主语”中的“主”是主人、主导的意思。 （一）定义：主语是动作的发出者，通常为一个句子中第一个独立的名词【或名词性结构】。也可以 理解为主语就是句子中说明的人或事物【sb/sth】独立的：即不在短语中、不在从句中 （二）句子中主句的4种形式：1.名词本身2.代 词3.动词-ing/to do形式【注意：做状语的V-ing/to do 结构除外】4.主语从句【即主语是个句子，引导词that 不可省略】 例句：The flower is beautiful. I love you. Teaching English is my job. To teach English today is my job. (补充：动词做主语的-ing形式称为动名词，to do形式称为不定式。前者强调经常性、习惯性，后者强调阶段性、特定性、将来性。) That she is still alive is a wonder. 二.谓语Predicate （一）定义：谓语是主语发出的动作，通常为 主语后的第一个独立的动词【或动词性结构】。也可

以说是用来说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 例句：He is singing.(其中的is是助动词，is singing 才是谓语) He likes singing.(likes是实意动词，所以谓语是likes) 现在分词/过去分词前无助动词的不是谓语。 （三）非谓语动词 有谓语动词，就有非谓语动词。那么，什么是非谓语动词？ 非谓语动词即一个句子中，不是谓语的动词就是非谓语动词。 非谓语的三种形式：1.doing（表主动、进行）2.done动词过去式（表被动、完成）3.to do(表将来) 例句：I saw a girl crying in a car.(crying表明女孩主动在哭并且是正在进行) Beaten by Bob,Tom was very sad.(beaten有两层含义，一是被别人打了，不是自己打的，是被动的。二是已经被打过了。) To become a teacher,you should work hard.(to become a teacher表将来，它与现在有着时间上的顺序)

初中英语语法大全-句子种类

初中英语语法大全-句子的种类 按照英语句子的使用目的和用途，句子可分为四类： 陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。 陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。 疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 图解语法 1. 陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法，陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句 特别提示：

肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时，如句中有already，some，something，somebody等词，须分别改成yet，any，anything，anybody 等。 另外，也要注意，too改成either，both改成neither，all改成none等。 2. 疑问句

3. 常用的特殊疑问句

4. 特殊的反意疑问句 ①主句是祈使句时，“will you?”意为“请求”，“won’t you?”表示提醒对方注意。 例句： Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you? Don’t be late again, will you? ②感叹句后的反意疑问，用一般现在时态的否定形式 例句： What fine weather, isn’t it? How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she? ③陈述部分是“I am …”时，用“aren’t I?”而不用“am not I?” 例句： I'm working now, aren’t I?

英语语法句子成分

句子成分分析 1、主语:通常由名词和代词来担任。此外,数词、动名词、动词不定式、主语从句也可以用作主语。 The teacher told us an interesting story.老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。(名词)We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。(代词) Four and five is nine. 四加五等于九。(数词) Walking is good exercise.走路是很好的运动。(动词的-ing形式) To see is to believe. 眼见为实。(动词不定式) What you need is more practice.你需要的是更多的练习。(从句) 2、谓语:由动词担任。动词分为实义动词和系动词。 We read English every morning.我们每天早晨读英语。(实义动词) His brother is a doctor.他哥哥是医生。(系动词) Mr. Smith became angry.史密斯先生生气了。(系动词) 3、宾语:通常由名词和代词担任。此外,数词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式(短语)、宾语从句也可以用作宾语。 Have you finished the exercise?你做完练习了吗?(名词作宾语) Lei Feng always thought of others.雷锋总是想着别人。(代词作介词宾语)She tore the cloth in three. 她把布撕成三块(名词作动词的宾语；数词作介词的宾语) She doesn't allow smoking in her house.她不允许在她的房子里抽烟。(动词的-ing形式) You should continue to learn as long as you live.要活到老学到老。(不定式作宾语) I don't know when he will come.我不知道他什么时候来。(宾语从句作宾语)有些动词可以有两个宾语：直接宾语(Direct Object)与间接宾语(Indirect Object)。直接宾语通常出现在间接宾语之后。间接宾语一般是代表人的,直接宾语一般是代表事物的。 He gave the little girl a toy. =He gave a toy to the little girl. 他给这个小女孩一个玩具。 I bought Mary a new book = I bought a new book for Mary. 我给玛丽买了一本书。 4、定语:主要由形容词担任。此外,名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式(短语)、分词和定语从句等都可用作定语。 His words everyone present. 他的话使在场的人都很感动。(形容词修饰不定代词,要放在其后) This is a stone bridge. 这是一座石桥。(名词作定语) His father is omoved ur maths teacher. 他爸爸是我们的数学老师。(代词作定语) We belong to the third world. 我们属于第三世界。(数词作定语) They should have told us if there was anything up. 要是出了什么事,他们是应当告诉我们的。(副词作定语) Yesterday the scientist made a report on modern science. 这位科学家昨天给我们作了有关现代科学的报告。(介词短语作定语) Do you have anything more to say? 你还有什么要说的吗?(不定式作定

英语语法基本句子成分和结构

第一讲英语基本句子成分和句子结构 一、英语句子成分 句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分，主要成分有主语和谓语，次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。 1. 主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语动词、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：Tom is a good boy. （名词） We often speak English in class. （代词） One-third of the students in this class are girls. （数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure. （不定式） Smoking does harm to the health. （动名词） The rich should help the poor. （名词化形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language. （it为形式主语，不定式为真实主语） 2. 谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： (1) 简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。例如： He practices running every morning. (2) 复合谓语： 由（情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形）构成。例如： You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. We are having a quick breakfast. 3. 表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, keep, remain, become, get, grow, turn, look, seem, feel, smell, sound, taste等）之后。表语须和系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语（系表结构）。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及从句充当。例如： My mother is a doctor. （名词） Is it yours? （代词） The weather has turned cold. （形容词） The speech is exciting. （现在分词） The door is closed. （过去分词） Three times seven is twenty one. （数词） His job is to teach English. （不定式） His hobby is playing football. （动名词） The machine must be out of order. （介词短语） Time is up. The class is over. （副词） The truth is that he has never been abroad. （表语从句） 4. 宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如： They went to see an exhibition yesterday. （名词） The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. （代词）