自考外语教学法之交际法

What are the main features of the Communicative Approach?

Halliday described seven basic functions that language performs. Please write out any five of them.

What are the roles of the learner in the communicative approach

What are the roles of the teacher in the Communicative Approach

What theories of language are used by the Communicative Approach as its theoretical basis?

What are the objectives of the Communicative Approach

What are the integrating language skills often used in the Communicative Approach?

What language ability does Hyme’s “communicative competence” refer to?

Describe the five principles to characterize the Communicative Approach according to David Nunan. Cite one example to illustrate one of these principles

What are the distinguishing features of the

Notional-Functional Syllabus?

What are the four dimensions in terms of language competence entailed in the Communicative Approach according to Canale and Swain?

What are the main features of the Communicative Approach

From the mid-1970s the key concept in educational linguistics and language pedagogy is that of _______.

A. commnication or communicative competence

B. motivation in learning a foreign language

C. independence and autonomy in learning

D. language acquisition through the use of active trial

According to some functional linguist, some utterance has no meaning at all if it is out of the context of _situation______.

The relationship between the grammatical forms and their functions is not a _one- to- one______ correspondence.

A single form can express a number of _functions______ and a single communicative function can be expressed by a number of _forms______.

In Hymes's views, “communicative competence” refers to the ability not only to apply grammatical rules of a language in order to form _grammatically______ correct sentences but also to know when and where to use these sentences and to

whom_______.

In Malinowski’s opinion, an utterance has no ______ at all if it is out of the context of situation.

A. form

B. meaning

C. content

D. format

______ refers to the interpretation of individual message elements in terms of their interconnectedness and of how meaning is represented in relationship to the text.

A. Grammatical competence

B. Sociolinguistic competence

C. Discourse论述，交谈competence

D. Strategic competence

_pragmatics_____ is particularly interested in the relationship between sentences and the contexts and situations in which they are used.

Hymes holds that communicative competence refers to the _ability_____ not only to form grammatically correct sentences but also to know when, where, and to whom to use them.

According to Canal and Swain, discourse________ competence refers to the interpretation of individual message elements in terms of their interconnectedness and of how meaning is represented in relationship to the entire discourse or text.

According to Canal and Swain, __ socialinguistic competence______ refers to an understanding of the social contexts in which communication takes place.

_ discourse _______ analysis is the study of how sentences in spoken and ________ language form larger meaningful units such as paragraphs,

conversations, and interviews.

To teach a foreign language well, we must divide it into small ________ units.

The____tenor_______ of discourse means, according to Halliday, the participants who are taking part in the communication.

According to Canal and Swain, ___grammatical________competence refers to what Chomsky called “linguistic competence”.

According to Canal and Swain, communicative competence entails four dimensions. They are grammatical competence, ____dislourse_______competence,

___socialinguisitic________competence and strategic competence.

The Communicative Approach is essentially a manifestation of the .

A.1950’s

B.1960’s

C.1970’s

D.1980’s

Language meaning depends to a large extent on the contexts in which speech acts occurred.

A. linguistic

B. grammatical

C. cultural

D. sociocultural

The most obvious characteristic of the Communicative Approach is that almost everything is done with a communicative .

A. situation

B. setting

C. information

D. intent

_____discourse analysis________________ becomes an indispensable part of Communicative Language Teaching.

Many proponents of the Communicative Approach advocate the use of _______ materials in the language classrooms.（）A．classic

B．authentic

C．modern

D．oral

________ is particularly interested in the relationship between sentences and the contexts and situation in which they are used.（）

A．Transformational Grammar

B．Pragmatics

C．Structuralism

D．The Situational Approach

According to Morrow, activities that are truly communicative have three features. They are information gap, ________ and _________（）A．choice, feedback

B．choice, situation

C．situation, discourse

D．discourse, function

In the Communicative Approach group and pair work is favoured to ________ the time allotted to each student to practice the use of language.

（）

A．minimize

B．shorten

C．maximize

D．reduce

Talking about pictures on the blackboard in the classroom is ________.

A. a language exercise

B. a communicative activity

C. both of the two

D. neither of the two

The language teaching that emphasizes linguistic accuracy only will produce students who are ________ competent and communicatively ________.

A. structurally, competent

B. structurally, incompetent

C. communicatively, competent

D. communicatively, incompetent

According to M.A.K. Halliday, which of the following should NOT be taken into consideration in terms of linguistic events?

A. Form.

B. Context.

C. Substance.

D. Culture.

Who first used the term “communicative competence” in deliberate contrast to Chomsky’s “linguistic competence”?

A. Stern

B. Asher

C. Krashen

D. Hymes

The educational perspectives in the Communicative Approach evolved alongside the significant developments in linguistics, ______ and psychology.

According to Canale and Swain, communicative competence includes four dimensions: grammatical, discourse, sociolinguistic and

_strategic_____ competence.

The Communicative Approach to foreign language teaching stresses the communicative _______ in learning.

A. competence

B. ability

C. performance

D. skill

Sociolinguistic competence refers to an understanding of the ________ in which communication takes place.

A. social behavior

B. linguistic context

C. social context

D. linguistic performance

Charles Fries applied the principles of ________ linguistics to language teaching.

Notions are domains in which people use language to express __thought_____ and feeling.

__pragmatics______ is especially interested in the relationships between sentences and the contexts and situations in which they are used.

Strategic competence refers to the coping of various strategies which communicators employ to start, end, keep, repair and re-direct __communication_______.

One of the study areas in pragmatics is how utterances are affected by the relationship between ______.

A. the speakers

B. the hearers

C. the reader and the writer

D. the speaker and the hearer

Most schools of the Communicative Approach share the view that language is used for communication, and they are primarily

concerned with the ______ rather than the structure.

A. communication

B. meaning

C. interaction

D. participants

The Notional-Functional Syllabus is a syllabus, not a __method____.

According to Hymes, linguistic theory is one incorporating communication and _culture_____.

P176

In Malinowski’s view, “the meaning of any single word is to a very high degree dependent on its _____.”

A. form

B. context

C. content

D. format

The Communicative Approach is essentially a manifestation of the most explicit debate in pedagogy in the UK during the _____.

A. 1950s

B. 1960s

C. 1970s

D. 1980s

The Communicative Approach in language teaching begins with a theory of language as _____.

A. performance

B. communication

C. speech

D. competence

According to the discourse theory, only through ______ discourse can the learner acquire the second language.

The relationship between the grammatical forms and the communicative _competence___is carefully explored in a communicative perspective.

In a Communicative Approach classroom, students need to know both the rules of the language and the rules of language ____.

One of the five points initiated by David Nunan to characterize the Communicative Approach is an emphasis on learning to communicate through _______ in the target language.

A. speaking

B. writing

C. interaction

D. role-play

Who first used the term “communicative competence” in deliberate contrast to Chomsky’s “linguistic competence”?

A. Stern.

B. Asher.

C. Krashen.

D. Hymes.

wo indispensable parts of the Communicative Language Teaching are supposed to be _______.

A. presentations and pragmatics

B. discourse analysis and drills

C. discourse analysis and pragmatics

D. drills and presentations

In the views of language suggested by J. R. Firth and M. A. K. Halliday, which of the following does NOT receive the priority importance?

A. Meaning.

B. Context.

C. Setting.

D. Form.

Notional Syllabus, written by Wilkins, is a book which has a significant impact on the development of the _communicative______ Language Teaching.

__disclosure_____ competence refers to the interpretation of individual message elements in terms of their interconnectedness and of how meaning is represented in relationship to the text.

It is Halliday that made the London School of Linguistics one of the most competitive _linguistic______ theories in the world.

Halliday advocates that the social context of language use can be analyzed in terms of the field, tenor and mode of_____.

A. context

B. discourse

C. content

D. situation

Henry Widdowson focused on the communicative acts underlying the ability to use language for different purposes with his _dinction____ between appropriacy and accuracy, communicative competence and grammatical competence, use and usage.

An understanding of the social context in which communication takes place is referred to as _____ competence.

The teacher in a Communicative Approach classroom plays four major roles. What are they?

According to Halliday, which of the following should NOT be accounted for in terms of linguistic events?

A. Form.

B. Context.

C. Substance.

D. Culture.

The criticism by those advocating the Communicative Approach was that teaching language with its focus on grammar produced structurally competent students who were often incompetent ______.

A. communicatively

B . in society

C. in interpreting

D. lexically

Ways of integrating language skills in a Communicative Approach classroom are listening and _note-taking_____, oral presentation, project work, role-play and simulation, etc.

The general purpose of the Communicative Approach is to develop the students' communicative competence, which includes four aspects of knowledge. What are they?

The Communicative Approach lays emphasis on learning to communicate through ______ in the target language.

A. listening and note-taking

B. interaction

C. role play

D. oral presentation

Some British linguists emphasized the close relationship between the ______ of a language and the context and situation in which the language was used.

Two indispensable parts of Communicative Language Teaching are supposed to be discourse analysis and _pragamatics_____.

Another linguistic theory of communication favored in Communication Language Teaching is _________ functional account of language use.

A. Chomsk y’s

B. Hymes’s

C. Candlin’s

D. Halliday’s

With regard to syllabus design, the Communicative Approach lays special emphasis on _________ .

A. authentic materials

B. learners’ needs

C. meaningful drills

D. teachers’ roles

In Malinowski’s opinion, an utter ance has no ___meaning______ at all if it is out of the context of situation.

At the level of classroom teaching, the Communicative Approach holds that activities should provide opportunities for learners to ____use______ the language.

自考英语教学法知识点总结

自考英语教学法知识点总结

自考英语教学法知识点总结： 中学英语教学指导思想：是对中学英语教学的总体科学认识，包括对教学目的，教学路子的认识以及科学观，学习观，教学观等。 智力因素主要包括：思维力，记忆力，想象力，观察力，注意力等。非智力因素包括：动机，兴趣，情感，意志，性格等。 语言是指语言系统，也就是语音，词汇，语法系统。 言语是指人们使用语言所进行的表示和理解的话语活动，也就是说听，说，读，写活动。 教学路子指的是达到教学目的基本途径或总路线，包括成体系的教学法。 语感是指学习者对语言信息的敏锐感知和理解，是自动化的意识活动。教学基本原则是教学指导思想的组成部分，是指导思想的具体化，条理化，在中学英语教学法科学体系中占有重要的地位。 语法是对语言的一般描述，主要是对其组织原则的理论描述, ______学，句法学，词汇学，语义学。 “双规”化简就是运用语音规则，把大量的表面看起来相当复杂的词的读音和拼写化繁为简，化难为易。 句型也叫句式，是从口语和书面语的无数实际句子中概括出来的句子模型或模式，句型是有代表性的，常见性的。 分析性听：是指在听的活动中有明显的语言分析，另外是指把听的材料分析为各个语言层次，让学生分步听，进行听的基本功训练。 综合性听：是指在听的活动中无明显的语言分析而直接达到对内容的理解，也指在听力基本功训练基础上所进行的整篇成文的听的练习。 话语结构就是说话的套路，说的各句子之间的联系规律。

泛读就是广泛地阅读，大量地阅读，快速地阅读。 默读泛指一切不出声地读，默读既包括不出声地“声读”，也包括直接理解文字地“视读”。 实行纵式阅读：真正的默读一般都是快速阅读，在阅读过程中，人的目光主要表现为上下移动，因而阅读有慢速的横向或横式转变为纵向或纵式。 写的含义：在教学中写有两个方面的含义，一是书写或书法，包括字母，单词，句子，标点符号，国际音标的正确写法；二是写作，即笔头表示，如作文，写信，写日记等。 心理控制法：即惊异，悬念，满足。 密度：指单位时间所授教学内容。 广度：这包括两个方面，一是学生的活动面要广，二是教学内容所涉及的面要广。 深度：就是课堂教学内容要有一定的难度。 灵活度：指在练习中学生所表现的理解的多层次程度和表示的多样化程度。 独立度：指教师指导的程度和学生独立的程度。 测试：主要是用来了解，检查和鉴定学习者掌握英语的实际水平的一种手段。 资质倾向测试：是指对学习者的天赋的测定，目的在于了解被测者今后学习外语时是否具有些较强的潜在的学习能力。 诊断测试：目的在于了解被测者在外语学习上的困难或缺陷或发现讲授上的薄弱环节，以便采取相应的补救措施。 综合性测试：目的在于测定被测者的语言知识和言语技能综合运用的能

2005_10_外语教学法 真题及参考答案

全国2005年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 外语教学法试卷 （课程代码 0833） 本试卷共6页，满分1 00分；考试时间1 50分钟。 Write all your answers on answer sheet! Ⅰ． Multiple Choice: (15%) Directions: In this section, you are given 15 questions beneath each of which are four choices marked A,B, C, and D．You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answerthe question．One point is given to each correct choice． 1．Which of the following is NOT emphasized by traditional linguists? A．Correctness．B．The purity of a language． C．Literary excellence．D．Communication． 2．_______ the first language is used in the teaching of the second language in the Grammar-Translation Method． A．A lot of B．A little of C．Little of D．Not any 3．According to the Direct Method, every language has _______ structure． A．similar B．its own C．co-related D．the same 4．The Direct Method _______ the similarities between the first language acquisition and second language learning． A．is against B．overemphasizes C．draws on D．pays no attention to 5．Advocates of the Direct Method consider students’ mother tongue as _______ system in learning the second language． A．an interfering B．a helping C．an integrating D．a similar 6．In order to find ways of associating the new materials with ideas or objects with which the pupils are familiar, D．Ausubel would prefer _______． A．straightforward explanation and exposition B．pupil-generated discovery methods C．rote learning D．inductive and deductive inference 7．Of the three procedures followed in a cognitive classroom, which can be viewed as the performance stage? A．Exercises．B．Application activities． C．Introduction of new materials．D．None of the above． 8．Chomsky and others claimed that every normal human being was born with a(n) _______．A．ADL B．LDA C．LAD D．ALD 9．The authors of the book The Natural Approach: Language Acquisition in the Classroom are _______． A．Chomsky and Terrell B．Krashen and Halliday C．Krashen and Terrell D．Chomsky and Krashen

自考 外语教学法第一章课后附答案

第一章 1-What are the function and result of the two controversies in ancient Greece? 古希腊两个著名论争的功能和结果? One controversy was between the naturalists and the conventionalists. The naturalists argued that the form of words reflected the nature of objects. The conventionalists thought that language was conventional and there was no logic connection between form and meaning of words. The other controversy was between the analogiata and the anomalists on the regularities of language. The analogists claimed language was regular and there were rules for people to follow. The anomalists maintained there were no rules . Their debate roused people’s interest in language and led them to the detailed study of Greek. The direct result was the appearance of a book of Greek grammar. 2 What are the main features of traditional linguistics? 传统语言学的主要特征 Traditional Linguistics was practical in nature. People made a study of language in order to read classic works. Traditional linguists believed that the written form of language was superior to spoken form. They tried to set up principles and standards for people to use language correctly. 3-What are the contributions made by Franz Boas, Edward Sapir and Leonard Bloomfield to the development of American structuralism? Franz Boas, Edward Sapir and Leonard Bloomfield对美国结构主义发展的贡献

自考外语教学法第三章练习

《外语教学法》第三章练习 1. According to the Direct Method, every language has _______ structure. A. similar B. its own C. co-related D. the same 2. The Direct Method _______ the similarities between the first language acquisition and second language learning. A. is against B. overemphasizes C. draws on D. pays no attention to 3. Advocates of the Direct Method consider students' mother tongue as _______ system in learning the second language. A. an interfering B. a helping C. an integrating D. a similar 4. ______ can be introduced as a means of consolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method. A. Reading B. Listening C. Speaking D. Writing 5. The first Berlitz School was established in（） A. 1778 B. 1828 C. 1878 D. 1928 6. In the Direct Method,（）communicative skills are regarded as basic. A. visual B. non-verbal C. written D. oral 7. The Direct Method was developed in the（）century. A. late 18th B. early19th C. late 19th D. early 20th 8. New teaching points are introduced（）in the Direct Method classrooms. A. orally B. in the written form C. in discourse contexts D. in socical contexts 9. All of the following principles reflect the influence of structural linguistics and behaviourist psychology in language teaching except that . A. language is speech, not writing

自考外语教学法之认知法

认知 Discuss in your own words the four principles of cognitivism formulated by Diller. The Cognitive Approach holds that learning a language is a process of acquiring _mental_________control of the phonological, grammatical and lexical patterns of a second language, largely through study and analysis of these patterns as a body of knowledge. What is language in Chomsky’s opinion? Both the generative transformational and cognitive theories have recognized a ______ as an orderly system of rules which a learner can consciously acquire by study methods. What is the attitude of the Cognitive Approach towards mistakes in the language learning process? What are the focuses of classroom teaching in the Cognitive Approach? The Cognitive Approach insists that learning should be _______.

自考外语教学法之交际法

What are the main features of the Communicative Approach? Halliday described seven basic functions that language performs. Please write out any five of them. What are the roles of the learner in the communicative approach What are the roles of the teacher in the Communicative Approach What theories of language are used by the Communicative Approach as its theoretical basis? What are the objectives of the Communicative Approach What are the integrating language skills often used in the Communicative Approach? What language ability does Hyme' s“ communicativecompetence ”refer to? Describe the five principles to characterize the Communicative Approach according to David Nunan. Cite one example to illustrate one of these principles What are the distinguishing features of the Notio nal-Fu nctio nal Syllabus? What are the four dime nsions in terms of Ian guage compete nee en tailed in the Communi cative Approach accord ing to Can ale and Swa in?

外语教学法自考模拟题及答案

外语教学法自考题模拟 Ⅰ.Multipe Choice 1、In 1957, Noam Chomsky's book Syntactic Structures was published which started the ______. A. American structuralism B. transformational generative linguistics C. functional linguistics D. cognitive psychology 2、Which one of the following activities is included in the acquisition activities in the Natural Approach? A. Affective-humanistic activities. B. Communicative activities. C. Skill-getting activities. D. Social activities. 3、According to M.A.K. Halliday, which of the following should NOT be taken into consideration in terms of linguistic events? A. Form. B. Context. C. Substance. D. Culture. 4、According to the records available, human beings have been engaged in the study of language for ______centuries. A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25 5、Krashen identifies three kinds of affective variables related to second language acquisition: ______. A. motivation, self-confidence and anxiety B. comprehension, acquisition and anxiety C. input, competence and self-confidence D. situation, motivation and self-confidence 6、The Grammar-Translation Method was at one time called ______ since it was first used in the teaching of the classical languages of Latin and Greek. A. aural-oral method B. minimum method C. Audiolingual Method D. Classical Method 7、It became a key feature of the Oral Approach in the 1960s that ______. A. new language points are introduced and practised in situations B. accuracy is maintained C. reading and writing are introduced later D. translation should be avoided 8、The discourse theory was established by ______ in the late 1970s and developed from M. A. K. Halliday's theory of first language acquisition. A. E. Hatch B. M.A.K. Halliday C. Stephen Krashen D. Joseph H. Greenberg 9、The generative-transformational school of linguistics emerged through the influence of______. A. Noam Chomsky B. Ｊ. Piaget C. Ｄ. Ausubel D. Ｊ.Ｂ. Bruner 10、Which of the following do Krashen and Terrell NOT emphasize? A. Communication. B. Vocabulary. C. Meaning. D. Grammar.

全国2004年10月高等教育自学考试外语教学法试题

全国2004年10月高等教育自学考试外语教学法试题 课程代码：00833 Ⅰ. Multiple Choice (15%) Directions: In this section, you are given 15 questions beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question. One point is given to each correct choice. 1. The Communicative Approach is essentially a manifestation of the . A.1950’s B.1960’s C.1970’s D.1980’s 2. Georgi Lozano was the founder of . A. The Silent Way B. Suggestopaedia C. The Total Physical Response D. Community Language Learning 3. The functional linguistics develops directly from . A. the transformational generative grammar B. the habit-formation theory C. the American School of Linguistics D. the London School of Linguistics 4. Traditional linguists believe that the written form of language is to the spoken form. A. senior B. junior C. inferior D. superior 5. Who applied the theory of conditioning to the way humans acquire language in a book entitled “Verbal Behavior”? A. Skinner B. Bruner C. Bloomfield D. Piaget 6. Language meaning depends to a large extent on the contexts in which speech acts occurred. A. linguistic

自考外语教学法之口语法

In the Oral Approach, procedures at any level aim to move from _______ to _______ practice of structures. A. freer, controlled B. controlled, freer C. controlled, more controlled D. free, freer The ________ Method advocated the priority of oral skills for the first time in the language teaching field. Compared with the Communicative Approach, the Oral Approach is still not enough to develop learners' communicative competence, why? Which of the following became a key feature of the Oral Approach in the 1960’s? A. Priority of spoken language. B. Classroom instruction in the target language. C. Situational presentation and practice. D. V ocabulary selection. What is the major principle of the Oral Approach?

自考外语教学法第二章练习(含答案)

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