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新目标七年级英语语法

七年级上英语语法一. 词汇

⑴单词

1. 介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of

1). in表示"在……中","在……内"。例如:

in our class 在我们班上

in my bag 在我的书包里

in the desk 在桌子里

in the classroom 在教室里

2). on 表示"在……上"。例如:

on the wall 在墙上

on the desk 在桌子上

on the blackboard 在黑板上

3). under表示"在……下"。例如:

under the tree 在树下

under the chair 在椅子下

under the bed 在床下

4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如:

behind the door 在门后

behind the tree 在树后

5). near表示"在……附近"。例如:

near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近

near the bed 在床附近

6). at表示"在……处"。例如:

at school 在学校

at home 在家

at the door 在门口

7). of 表示"……的"。例如:

a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画

a map of China 一张中国地图

2. 冠词a / an / the:

冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an apple.

a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。

This is a cat.

这是一只猫。

It's an English book.

这是一本英语书。

His father is a worker.

他的爸爸是个工人。

the既可以用在可数名词前,也可以用在不可数名词前,表示某个或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。

Who's the boy in the hat?

戴帽子的男孩是谁呀?

------ What can you see in the classroom?

------ I can see a bag.

------ Where's the bag?

------ It's on the desk.

------- 你能在教室里看到什么呀?

------ 我能看见一个书包。

------ 书包在哪呀?

------ 在桌子上。

3.some和any

①在肯定句中用some.例如:

There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。

Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。

②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如:

Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗?

Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗?

There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。

⑵记住它们的特殊用法。

①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中,这一点我们不久就会学到。例如:

Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗?

②any也可用于肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如:

Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。

some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点,希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。

4.family

family看作为一个整体时,意思是"家庭",后面的谓语动词be用单数形式is ;如把family看作为家庭成员时,应理解为复数,后面的谓语动词be应用are。

My family is a big family. 我的家庭是个大家庭。

My family are all at home now. 我的家人现在都在家。

Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。house指"家"、"房屋",侧重居住的建筑本身。His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。

My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。

He isn't at home now. 他现在不在家。

It's a picture of my family. 这是一张我全家的照片。

5. little的用法

a little dog 一只小狗,a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。

*但little还可表示否定意义,意为"少的",加不可数名词。

There is little time. 几乎没时间了。

There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。

⑵词组

on the desk 在桌子上

behind the chair 在椅子后

under the chair 在椅子下面

in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中

near the door 在门附近

a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片

look at the picture 看这张图片

the teacher's desk 讲桌

a map of China 一张中国地图

family tree 家谱

have a seat 坐下,就坐

this way 这边走

二. 日常用语

1. Come and meet my family.

2. Go and see. I think it's Li Lei.

3. Glad to meet you.

4. What can you see in the picture?

I can see a clock / some books.

5. Can you see an orange?

Yes, I can. / No, I can't.

6. Where's Shenzhen?

It's near Hong Kong.

7. Let me see.(口语)让我想想看。

see 在这是"明白、懂了",不可译作"看见"。例如:

8. Please have a seat.

seat表示"座位",是个名词。have a seat表示"就坐",也可以说take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。

三. 语法

1. 名词所有格

名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系,通常用名词所有格的形式,意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式:

(1). 一般情况下在词尾加"'s"。例如:

Kate's father Kate的爸爸

my mother's friend 我妈妈的朋友

(2). 如果复数名词以s结尾,只加"'"。例如:

Teachers' Day 教师节

The boys' game 男孩们的游戏

(3). 如果复数名词不以s结尾,仍加"'s"。例如:

Children's Day 儿童节

Women's Day 妇女节

(4). 表示两个或几个共有时,所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如:

Lucy and Lily's room Lucy 和Lily的房间

Kate and Jim's father Kate 和Jim的爸爸

动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"'s",而常常用介词of的短语来表示。

a map of China 一幅中国地图

the name of her cat 她的猫的名字

a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片

the door of the bedroom 卧室的门

2. 祈使句

祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语,读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌,常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时,please前多用逗号。

(1). 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。

Go and see. 去看看。

Come in, please. 请进。

(2). 祈使句的否定形式常用don't于句首。

Don't look at your books. 不要看书。

Don't play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。

3. There be 的句子结构

There be是一个"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,

肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。

be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如:

There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。

(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。

否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。

There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。

There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。

(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语?肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.

---Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗?

---Yes, there is. 有。

---Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗?

---No, there aren't. 没有。

(3)特殊疑问句:How many . . . are there (+地点状语)?"某地有多少人或物?"

回答用There be . . .

There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .

有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .

---How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生?

---There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。

(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 地点状语?

How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水?

How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物?

七年级下英语语法

Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from?

一.短语:1 .be from = come from 来自于----2.live in 居住在---3.on weekends 在周末4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信;写信给某人5 .in the world 在世界上in China 在中国6.pen pal 笔友14 years old 14岁favorite subject 最喜欢的科目7.the United States 美国the United Kingdom 英国New York 纽约8.speak English 讲英语like and dislike 爱憎9.go to the movies 去看电影play sports 做运动

二.重点句式:1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/

2 Where does he live?

3 What language(s) does he speak?

4 I want a pen pal in China.

5 I can speak English and a little French.

6 Please write and tell me about yourself.

7 Can you write to me soon?

三.本单元的国家,人民、语言对应。

1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French

2 France------ French------French

3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese

4 Australia----Australian----- English

5 the United States------ American---- English

6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish

Unit 2 Where’s the post office?

一. Asking ways: (问路)

1.Where is (the nearest) ……?(最近的)……在哪里?

2.Can you tell me the way to ……?你能告诉我去……的路吗?

3.How can I get to ……?我怎样到达……呢?

4.Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood?附近有……吗?

5.Which is the way to ……?哪条是去……的路?

二.Showing the ways: (指路)

1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。

2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。

3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。

4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。

5. You’d better take a bus.你最好坐公交车去。(You’d better+动词原形)

三.词组

1. across from ……在……的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面

2. next to……紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市

3. between……and……在……和……之间

between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间

among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间

4. in front of……在……前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom.

课室前面有棵树。

in the front of……在……(内)的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom. 课室内的前部有张桌子。

5. behind……在……后面 behind my house 在我家后面

6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐

on the left/right of……在某物的左/右边 on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边on one’s left/right在某人的左/右边 on my left 在我左边

7. go straight 一直走

8. do wn /along……沿着……(街道) down/along Center Street 沿着中央街

9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近

10 welcome to……欢迎来到……

11. take /have a walk 散步

12. the beginning of…………的开始,前端

at the beginning of……在……的开始,前端

in the beginning 起初,一开始

13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快

我昨天玩得很开心。 I had fun yesterday.

I had a good time yesterday.

I enjoyed myself yesterday.

14. have a good trip 旅途愉快

15. take a taxi 坐出租车

16. 到达:get to +地方get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家

arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.

arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.

reach +地方

17.go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过马路

go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林

18.on + 街道的名称。 Eg: on Center Street

at + 具体门牌号+街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street

三.重难点解析

1.enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事

I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。

到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带doing.

I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。

2.hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。

hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。

(从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope 的后面,形成句中有句。)

3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。

If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球。

If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.

如果你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物。

四.本单元的反义词、近义词配对

1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- small

Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?

一.重点词组

eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute

play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals

at night in the day every day during the day

二. 交际用语

1. Why do you like pandas? Because they’re very clever.

2. Why does he like koalas? Because they’re kind of interesting.

3. Where are lions from? They are from South Africa.

4. What other animals do you like?

I like dogs, too.

Why?

Because they’re friendly and clever.

5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.

6. She’s very shy.

7. He is from Australia.

8.He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.

9.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.

10.Let’s see the pandas first.

11.They’re kind of interesting.

12.What other animals do you like?

13.Why do you want to see the lions?

三. 重点难点释义

1、kind of 有点,稍微Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。kind 还有“种类”的意思如:各种各样的all kinds of We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.

2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲China 和Africa都是专有名词,首字母都应该大写,而且和介词in 连用。There are many kinds of tigers in China. There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.

3、friendly adj. 友好的,和蔼可亲的它是名词friend的形容词形式,常常和be动词连用, be friendly。The people in Chengdu are very friendly.

4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起I usually play chess with my father. 注意区别与and的用法,and通常用于连接主语或宾语,连接主语时,如果有I, I通常放在and 之后,如:My father and I usually play chess together. Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”I often play with my pet dog. Don’t play with water!

5、day和night 是一对反义词,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚。通常说in the day, during the day, at night。Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.

6、leaf n. 叶子复数形式为:leaves, 类似的变化还有:wife—wives, wolf—wolves,

knife—knives等。

7、hour n. 小时;点钟hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”,即:an hour。There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.

8、be from 来自… be from = come from Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.

9、meat n. (食用的)肉,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即:much meat He eats much meat every day.

10、grass n. 草,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即:much grass。There is much grass on the playground.

四. 语法知识

特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头,对某一具体问题进行提问。

特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况:

1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如:

What’s your grandfather’s telephone number?你爷爷的电话号码是多少?

Who is that boy with big eyes?那个大眼睛的男孩是谁?

Which season do you like best? 你最喜欢哪个季节?

When is he going to play the piano?他什么时候弹钢琴?

Where does he live?他住在哪儿?

How are you?你好吗?

How old are you?你多大了?

How many brothers and sisters do you have?你有几个兄弟姐妹?

2. 疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如:

Who is on duty today?

今天谁值日?

Which man is your teacher?

哪位男士是你的老师?

我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他?也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构。

例如:

I like English. What/How about you?我喜欢英语。你呢?

What about playing basketball?打篮球怎么样?

Unit 4 I want to be an actor.

一.短语:

1 want to do sth 想要作某事

2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物/ 把某物给某人

3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事 Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.

4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事 Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home

5 in the day 在白天

6 at night 在晚上

7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话

8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.

9 in a hospital 在医院l

10 work/ study hard 努力工作

11 Evening Newspaper 晚报

二.重点句式及注意事项:

1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what;有三种主要句式

①What + is / are + sb?

②What + does/ do + sb + do?

③What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词+ job?

2 People give me their money or get their money from me.

3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.

4 I like talking to people.

5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.

6 Where does your sister work?

7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.

8 Do you want to work for a magazine? Then come and work for us as a reporter.

9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends?

10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.

三.本单元中的名词复数。

1 policeman--- policemen

2 woman doctor----- women doctors

3 thief-----thieves

Unit 5 I’m watching TV

一.现在进行时

Ⅰ现在进行时的用法

表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作

Ⅱ现在进行时时间状语及标志性词

① now 现在② at this time 在这时③ at the moment 现在④ look 看(后面有明显的“!”)⑤ listen 听(后面有明显的“!”)

Ⅲ现在分词的构成

①一般在动词结尾处加ing Eg: go—going look--looking

②以不发音字母e结尾的动词,去e加ing。Eg: write—writing close--closing

③以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个字母,再加ing.

Eg: get—getting run—running ( swim, run, put,get,sit,begin)

Ⅳ现在进行时的构成

肯定句: 主语+ am/is/are+ doing +其他+时状. Eg: He is doing his homework now.

否定句:主语+am/is/are +not+ doing+其他+时状. Eg: He is not doing his homework now.

一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are +主语+ doing+其他+时状?Eg: Is he doing his homework now?

肯定回答:Yes,主语+am/is/are Eg Yes, he is.

否定回答:No, 主语+am not/isn’t/aren’t Eg: No, he isn’t.

二.短语:

1.do one’s homework做某人的作业do housework 做家务

2.talk on the phone 在电话里交谈,讲电话talk about……谈论……talk to(with)sb和某人交谈

3.write a letter 写信write a letter to sb 给某人写信

4.play with……和……一起玩

5.watch TV看电视TV show 电视节目

三.重点句式及注意事项:

1.他正在干什么? What is he doing?

他正在吃饭。 He is eating dinner.

他正在哪里吃饭? Where is he eating dinner?

他正在家里吃饭。 He is eating dinner at home.

2.你想什么时候去? When do you want to go?

让我们六点钟去吧。Let’s go at six o’clock.

3.他正在等什么? What is he waiting for?

他正在等公交车。 He is waiting for a bus.

4.他们正在和谁说话? Who are they talking with?

他们正在和Miss Wu说话。They are talking with Miss Wu.

5.你们正在谈论什么? What are you talking about?

我们正在谈论天气。 We are talking about the weather.

6.他们都正在去上学。 They are all going to school.

7.这儿是一些我的照片。 Here are some of my photos.

这儿是一些肉。 Here is some of meat.(some of meat不可数,故用is) 8.谢谢你帮我买这本书。Thank you for helping me buy this book. 9.family 家;家庭。强调“整体”,是单数;强调“成员”时,是复数。His family has a shower. 他们家有一个淋浴。

His family are watching TV. 他全家在看电视。

Unit 6 It’s raining!

一.短语:

1 take photos/ pictures照像

2 take photos/ pictures of sb/ sth给某人或某物照相

3 have a good time\have fun\have a great tame 玩得愉快

4 work for sb / sth为某人工作

Eg: Yuan Yuan works for CCTV’s Around The World show

5 on vacation度假

Eg: There are many people here on vacation.

6 some----others---一些.....另外一些.....one……the others…….一个....另一个....(两者之间)

Eg: There are many students in the classroom. Some are writing, others are reading.

7 put on 穿上(动作)wear 穿着(状态)

Eg: Tom is putting on his coat now.

8 on the beach在沙滩上

Eg: Tom and his family are playing on the beach at this moment.

9 this group of people这一群人

10. in this heat

二.重点句型

1.How is the weather? 天气怎么样?In the raining. 在下雨。

2.What are you doing? 你正在做什么?I'm watching TV. 我在看电视。

3.What are they doing? 他们在做什么?They are studying. 他们在学习。

4.What is he doing? 他在做什么?He is playing basketball . 他在打篮球。

5.What is she doing ? 她在做什么?She is cooking . 她在做饭。

三.重难点解析

1 询问天气情况的句式:(横线内容可替换)

①How is the weather in Beijing? (How is the weather today?)

②What’s the weather like in Beijing? ( What’s the weath er like today?)

2 回答上面问题的句式:

①It’s + adj. (形容词) Eg: It’s windy.

3 How’s it going (with you)?

①Not bad.

②Great!

③Terrible!

④Pretty good.

4 Thank you for joining CCTV’s Around The Word show.

5 I am surprised they can play in this heat.

6 Everyone is having a good time.

7 People are wearing hats and scarfs.

①wear 指穿衣服的状态。

②put on 指穿衣服的动作。

四.谈论天气的日常用语

1. It’s sunny/rainy/cloudy. 今天是晴天/雨天/阴天。

2. Lovely weather,isn’t it? 天气真好,是吗?

3. It looks like rain. 看起来要下雨。

4. It’s raining cats and dogs. 正是瓢泼大雨。

5. It seems to be cleaning up. 天似乎要转晴。

6. It’s blowing hard. 风刮得很大。

7. It’s snowing heavily. 正在下大雪。

8. The snow won’t last long. 雪不会持续太久。

9. It’s very foggy. 雾很大。

10. The fog is beginning to lift. 正在收雾。

11. It’s thundering and lightening. 雷电交加。

12. What’s the weat her like today? 今天天气怎么样?

13. What’s the weather report for tomorrow? 天气预报明天怎么样?

14. It’s quite different from the weather report. 这和天气预报相差很大。

15. It’s rather changeable. 天气变化无常。

16. What’s the temperature? 温度是多少?

17. It’s two below zero. 零下二度。

18. The temperature has dropped a lot today. 今天温度低多了。

Unit7 What does he look like?

一.短语

1 look like 看起来像....

2 curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直发

3 medium height/build 中等高度/身体

4 a little bit 一点儿…

5 a pop singer 一位流行歌手

6 have a new look 呈现新面貌

7 go shopping (do some shopping) 去购物

8 the captain of the basketball team篮球队队长

9 be popular with sb 为---所喜爱

10 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事

11 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情

12 tell jokes/ stories 讲笑话/ 讲故事

13 have fun doing sth 愉快地做某事

14 remember ( forget) to do sth 记得(忘记)做某事(没有做的)

15 remember (forget) doing sth 记得(忘记)做过某事(已做)

16 one of --- ---中的一个

二.本单元的重点句:

1 Is that your friend? No, it isn’t.

2 What does she look like?

3 I think I know her. ( I don’t think I know her.)

4 Wang Lin is the captain of the basketball team.

5 She’s a little b it quiet.

6 Xu Qian loves to tell jokes.

7 She never stops talking.

8 She likes reading and playing chess.

9 I don’t think he’s so great.

10 I can go shopping and nobody knows me.

11 Now he has a new look.

三.重难点解析

1 What does/ do +主语+ look like? 询问某人的外貌特征,看上去什么样?

Eg: What does your friend look like?

2 形容头发时,可按照先长短,后曲直,最后说颜色的顺序说。

Eg: She has long curly black hair.

3 one of + 名词复数,谓语动词要用“单三”形式。

Eg: One of his friends is a worker.

4 不定代词做主语时,谓语动词要用“单三”形式。修饰不定代词词,应该放在它的后面.Eg: I can go shopping and nobody knows me.

5.He is …(通常为形容词,包括身高、体形等)

He has…(通常为形容词修饰的名词,包括头发、五官)

He wears…(穿、戴、留。可以是衣服、帽子、鞋子等,也可以是眼镜、手表、胡须)6.I don’t think…的用法表达否定的看法I don’t think she is good-looking.

Unit 8 I'd like some noodles

一.短语

1.beef and tomato noodles\noodles with beef and tomato 牛肉西红柿面

chicken and cabbage noodles mutton and potato noodles

tomato and egg noodles beef and carrot noodles

2.would like to do sth \want to do sth 想要作某事

3.what kind of noodles什么种类的面条

4.what size bowl of noodles什么大小碗型的面

5.a large\medium\small bowl of noodles 大\中\小碗的面

6.ice cream冰淇淋orange juice桔汁green tea绿茶RMB人民币phone number 7.House of Dumplings\noodles饺子\面馆Dessert House甜点屋

二.重点句型

1.What kind of vegetables\meat\ drink food would you like?

I’d like ……

I’d like chicken and cabbage noodles.

2. What kind of noodles would you like?

I’d like beef noodles.

3. What kind of noodles would you like?

I’d like chicken and cabbage noodles.

4. What size bowl \plate of noodles would you like?

I’d like a large \ medium\ small bowl moodes.

5. What size cake would you like?

I would like asmall birthday-cake.

三.重难点解析

1.would like 想要(表示一种委婉的语气)其用法相当于want.

would like + 名词would like an apple (want an apple)

would like to do sth

He would like to play soccer.

----Would you like to see the dolphins?

----Yes, I’d like to.

(1)would 是情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,可与人称代词缩写为’d, 与其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。(你能举出例子吗?)

我想要些牛肉。I’d like some beef.

她想去打乒乓球。She would like to play ping-pang. (你能变否定句和疑问句吗?)

(2) Would you like sth.? 是提建议的一种句型,如需用一些,用some而不用any.

肯定回答是:Yes, please./ All right./ Yes./OK.

其否定回答是:No, thanks.

2.What kind of noodles would you like?

kind 在此句中作“种类”讲,a kind of 一种,all kinds of 各种各样的。kind of 有几分

A cat is a kind of animal.

There are all kinds of animals in the zoo

The cat is kind of smart.

3.Can I help you?你要买什么

肯定Yes, please . I would like ……否定No, thanks.

七年级下册英语语法点总结(3)(2007-03-08 12:31:31)

Unit 9 How was your weekend

一.短语

1. play +运动 play soccer play tennis play sports

play the + 乐器play the guitar

play with…和某人\物玩耍

2.have +三餐have breakfast \lunch \ supper

3. study for… clean the room visit sb stay at home

have a party talk show

4.go to the beach go to the movies go for a walk go to the mountains

5.go shopping\do some shopping \go to the shop 买东西

6.last weekend\over the weekend 上周末on weekends 每周末

7.on +某日+morning\afternoon\evening in + morning\afternoon\evening

in+年\月\季节at +时刻last (next) month\year\week

8.what about+n\v-ing\pren=how about ……呢

9. spend the weekend last week 度过上周的周末

10.it’s time to do sth=it’s time for sth该做么的时候了

11.look for寻找.....

二,重点句型和语法

1.一般过去时

表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与

过去的时间状语连用:

yesterday ,last week(month,year)

(1)系动词be的过去时: am(is) →was, are →were

陈述句:He was at home yesterday.

否定句:He wasn’t at home yesterday.

疑问句:Was he at home yesterday?

Yes ,he was./No ,he wasn’t.

(2)行为动词的一般过去时:

陈述句:主语+动词过去式+其它

I go to t he movie. →I went to the movie.

否定句:主语+助动词didn’t+动词原形+其它

I don’t go to school today. →I didn’t go to school.

一般疑问句:Did +主语+动词原形+其它

Do you have breakfast? →Did you have breakfast?

Yes,I do./No,I don’t.Yes,I did./No,I didn’t.

(3)规则动词的过去式变化规则

变化规则例词

一般在词尾加—ed. play→played

以不发音的e结尾的,只加--d. like →liked love →loved

以辅音字母+y 结尾的,变y为i ,再加—ed. study →studied carry →carried

以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed stop →stopped plan →planned

七年级下册英语语法整理

七年级英语下册语法整理 一、可数名词的单数变复数规则(规则变化): ①绝大多数名词的复数形式是在名词词尾加s,例如:bag—bags,apple-apples; ②以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加es。例如:family- families,dictionary- dictionaries; ③在以s,x, sh,ch 结尾的名词后加es。例如:Class- Classes,watch(手表)-watches; ④在以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为ves。例如:wife-wives,leaf-leaves; ⑤以o结尾的名词,有生命的加s,没有生命的加es。例如:piano-pianos,tomato-tomatoes,zoo-zoos。 可数名词的单数变复数(不规则变化): man-men;woman-women;child-children;chinese- chinese;Japanese- Japanese 二、一般现在时 含义:表反复、经常发生的动作,或存在的状态。 结构:常体现在动词上。当主语是第一人称、第二人称和第三人称复数形式时,动词用原形;当主语是第 三人称单数形式时,动词用三单式。 标志:常与often,usually,always,every day/morning/week/month/year…,sometimes(有时),on Sundays,never(从不,从来没有),once a week(每周一次)等连用。 用法:(1)一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,或存在的状态。例如: ①I am a student.我是一个学生。(存在的状态)②He likes. apples.他喜欢苹果。③She has a bike.她有一辆自行车。 这些动词常与often,usually,always,every day/morning/week/month/year…,sometimes(有时),on Sundays,never(从不,从来没有),once a week(每周一次)等连用。例如: ④I go to school every day.我每天去上学。⑤He doesn't work on Sundays.他星期天不工作。 (2)表示普遍真理或客观事实。例如:① It is hot in summer.夏天天气热。(普遍真理/客观事实) ②There is a big tree near the house.房子附近有一棵大树。(客观事实) ③The sun rises.(v, 升起)in the east.太阳从东方升起。(普遍真理) (3)表示主语的特征、性格、状态或能力等。例如: ①He is at work now.他现在在工作。(表示主语的状态) ②Do you speak English?你会讲英语吗?(表示主语的能力) ③I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。(表示主语的喜好) (4)表示计划、安排的将来动作,也可用一般现在时。如go,come,leave,arrive, be,start,begin等动词常可以这样使用。例如:①She comes. back tonight.她今晚回来。(现在还未到晚上,她还未回来) ②The metting is at 8:30,don't be late .八点钟开会,别迟到。(会还未开,还没有迟到) 构成:一般现在时由“主语+动词”构成。根据我们的学习内容,把动词分为三类—系动词be(即is,am,are),have

初中英语语法考点比较级

比较等级,几多注意 在本单元的学习中,我们又进一步了解了比较等级的用法。可是在具体运用中,常有同学因粗心而犯下一些错误。那么,学习比较等级,有那些要注意的地方呢? 一注意单词拼写 可不要以为拼写是一个小问题呀!形容词或副词变比较级的规则可要时刻牢记,该双写,该去e,该加more或该y变i,都是不能马虎的。例如: 他总是比我到校早。 He always comes to school earlyer than me. (误) (正)He always comes to school earlier than me. 二注意比较对象 在比较等级的句型中,比较的双方必须是同类事物,否则会引起歧义。即人与人,物与物的比较。例如: 他的尺子比我的长。 His ruler is longer than me.(误) (正)His ruler is longer than mine. 三注意符合逻辑 自身能进行比较吗?当然是不行的。可是有时我们因不小心而将自己和自己比较。为了避免这样的错误,可借助“any other+单数名词”来帮忙。例如: 中国比亚洲的其他任何一个国家都大。 China is larger than any country in Asia. (误) (正)China is larger than any other country in Asia. 四注意修饰词语

在比较等级中,so, very, quite, too等修饰原级;much, a lot, far, even 等常修饰比较级。在使用时,不要弄错了。例如: 姚明比我高多了。Yao Ming is very taller than I. (误) (正)Yao Ming is much taller than I. 五注意范围介词 在表达最高级时,常用到in或of两个表范围的介词。in表示“在…范围之中”,而of常用于“在…同类之中”。例如: 玛丽是我们班最漂亮的女孩。Mary is the prettiest girl of our class. (误) (正)Mary is the prettiest girl in our class. 六注意定冠词的使用 1. 形容词最高级前一般有定冠词,但如果前边也有物主代词,名词所有格 等词来修饰时,定冠词the常被省略。例如: 加里是我最好的朋友。Gary is my the best friend. (误) (正)Gary is my best friend. 2. 形容词比较级前一般不加定冠词,但句中有“of the two”结构表示“两者中较…的一个”时,定冠词the要加上。例如: 苏珊是这两个女孩子当中较胖的一个。 Susan is fatter of the two girls. (误) (正)Susan is the fatter of the two girls. 3. 在使用最高级“one of the +最高级+复数名词”结构时,定冠词the不能丢掉。例如:

七年级下册英语语法点总结

七年级下册英语语法点总结(1) Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from? 一.短语: 1 .be from = come from来自于---- 2.live in 居住在--- 3.on weekends 在周末 4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信;写信给某人 5 .in the world 在世界上in China在中国 6.pen pal笔友14 years old14岁favorite subject 最喜欢的科目7.the United States 美国the United Kingdom 英国New York 纽约8.speak English 讲英语like and dislike 爱憎 9.go to the movies 去看电影play sports 做运动 二.重点句式: 1 Where’s your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/ 2 Where does he live? 3 What language(s) does he speak? 4 I want a pen pal in China. 5 I can speak English and a little French. 6 Please write and tell me about yourself. 7 Can you write to me soon? 8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports. 三.本单元的国家,人民、语言对应。 1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English 5 the United States------ American---- English 6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish Unit 2 Where’s the post office? 一.Asking ways: (问路) 1.Where is (the nearest) ……?(最近的)……在哪里? 2.Can you tell me the way to ……?你能告诉我去……的路吗?3.How can I get to ……?我怎样到达……呢? 4.Is there ……near here / in the neighborhood?附近有……吗?5.Which is the way to ……?哪条是去……的路?

九年级英语新目标初中英语语法知识大全辅导

九年级英语新目标2010最新初中英语语法知识大全辅导 2010最新初中英语语法知识大全 原创 (一)形容词和副词 I.要点 (1)形容词比较等级的用法 ①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如: He is cleverer than the other boys. This one is more beautiful than that one. ②表示两者以上的比较,用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如: He is the cleverest boy in his class. ③表示两者是同等程度,用"as +形容词原级+as". 如: He is as tall as I. I have as many books as you. ④ 越… 越… 例如:The more I learn, the happier I am. ⑤ You can never be too careful. 越小心越好 又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly. 你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。 ⑥ I have never spent a more worrying day. 那一天是最令我担心的一天。 I have never had a better dinner. 这是我吃过的最好的一顿饭。

⑦ My English is no better than yours. 我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。 例2 ____ the worse I seem to be. A When I take more medicine B The more medicine I take C Taking more of the medicine D More medicine taken 解析:该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…"意为越…,越…。该句意为:吃的药越多,我的病越是加重。 例3"I haven't been to London yet". "I haven't been there ____". A too B also C either D neither 解析:该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither 本身意为否定"两者都不",而C-either则用于否定句中,意为"也"。 (二)介词 I.要点 (2) between, among(表位置) between仅用于二者之间,但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时,也用between, 如 I'm sitting between Tom and Alice. The village lies between three hills. among用于三者或三者以上之间。如: He is the best among the students.

七年级下册英语语法复习题

七年级下册英语语法复习 英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词;凡是不可以计数的名词叫做不可数名词。 (1)可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或some many等修饰。如:a man a desk an apple an orange some books s ome children tow pens (2)不可数名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰,但可以用some a little much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配,这些量词短语中的名词一般是可数的,有单数形式,也可以有复数形式。如:s ome water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink som e glasses of water 2、祈使句 祈使句用来表示请求、命令等,句中没有主语,肯定形式由谓语或者谓语宾语( 宾语补足语)构成,否定形式则在句前加Don’t. Stand up, please. 请起立。 $ Don’t worry. 别担心。 can的用法: can是情态动词,表示“能,会,可以,被允许等”,其后接动词原形,否定形式为cannot,可缩写为can’t. She can speak Japanese. 她会讲日语。

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