人教版新课标必修5(unit3-5,)选修6(unit1-3,),词汇练习
人教版新课标必修5 (Unit3-5)词汇练习
必修5 Unit 3
一、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。
第一组：swift, extraordinary, agency, bend, carriage, constantly, previous, vehicle, press, helmet
1 Sun Yat-sen was a truly ________________ man in the Chinese history.
2 Please mark the pipe where you will ________________ it.
3 As you know, fashion is ________________ changing.
4 In front of the hotel are rows of parked ________________.
5 People are often asked to wear _________________ when riding motorbikes.
6 The ________________ conference is to be held between 9:00 am and 10:00 a.m. next Monday.
7 Anyone can do this job. No ________________ experience is needed for it.
8 This is an express train with 18 ________________.
9 You may turn to a travel _________________ for information about traveling abroad.
10 Don’t hesitate; you need to make a _________________ decision.
第二组：private, tablet, surroundings, mud, flash, skip, require, master, temple, capsule
11 The doctor told me to take two ________________ with water before meals.
12 My car got stuck in the ________________ and couldn’t get out.
13 Since you have learned this chapter, let us _________________ it and begin the next chapter.
14 I received my _________________ degree for economics in Beijing University.
15 Those miners were brought up from the mine in a special _________________.
16 That old _______ with a history of more than 300 years is visited by lots of people every day.
17 The height of the desk ________________ adjusting a little lower.
18 A neon(霓虹灯) ________________ on and off above the door.
19 My hometown lies in a small village with nice _________________. I enjoy living there.
20 The number of Shenzheners who have ________________ cars has reached 1 million.
第三组：length, herb, switch, impression, mask, lack, optimistic, settlement, lemonade, jet
21 I like to drink tea mixed with _______. It smells fragrant.
22 If you don’t like this channel, just ________________ to another one.
23 She succeeded because she had the determination that her brother ________________.
24 The management and the unions have reached a ________________ over new working conditions.
25 –What kind of drink would you like? –A glass of ________________, please.
26 The two sides are not too ________________ about the result of the negotiation.
27 The robbers were wearing stocking ________________ when they robbed the bank.
28 His words left me the ________________ that he didn’t like the plan at all.
29 In our school each class is 40 minutes in ________________.
30 The accident happened as the ________________ was about to take off.
二、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：
2 Since retirement Old Wang ________________ gardening.
3 After the train pulled out of the station it soon ________________.
4 They greatly _________________ searching for the missing boy.
5 This old photo _________________ me ________________ my college days.
6 We’ll make our bathroom more comfortable if we_________________ the mess every day.
7 I _________________my brother immediately among the crowd, for he was very tall!
Unit 4 Making the news
一、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。
第一组：edition, process, chief, reporter, guilty, acquire, course, section, occupation, department, approve
1 Before he became the _________________editor of the newspaper he was a journalist.
2 I often read the electronic __________________ of Shenzhen Daily on the internet.
3 The judge announced the man not __________________ and then he was set free.
4 Tomato-egg soup is the last _________________ of our dinner.
5 The Japanese _________________of Taiwan lasted fifty-one years.
6 The new edition textbook is___________________ by the Department for Education.
7 Months later I was appointed manager of the sales ___________________ of our company.
8 I glanced over the sports _________________of China Daily.
9 From whom did you __________________ the latest information?
10 Our chief editor is having a friendly talk with those _________________ from New York Times.
11 I sent three rolls of film away to be _________________
第二组：technical, employ, task, appointment, meanwhile, photograph, profession, trade, intention, thorough, accurate
12 Learning is the main ________________ for us high school students.
13 We will offer free ___________________ support for those buying our software.
14 There are 20 minutes to go before the meeting. ____________________, I want to have a drink of coffee.
15 He was an electrician by ____________________.
16 I have no ___________________ of leaving the city. On the contrary, I do like this city.
17 My watch is not ___________________. I am afraid it needs fixing.
18 Miss Wang did a ___________________ investigation of who broke the classroom windows.
19 A few years ago China became a member of the World ____________________ Organization.
20 Shenzhen is a beautiful city. I spent a whole day taking ____________________ of it.
21 In some countries you must make an ____________________ before going to a doctor.
22 Since how long ago have you been ____________________ in this factory?
第三组：deliberately, gifted, normal, recorder, note, colleague, seldom, senior, eager, polish, case, crime
23 Lisa is a very _________ girl for music. She can play the piano very well though very young.
24 Now when we enjoy music we use DVD but don’t often use the tape ________to play cassettes..
25 We are friends and ________ for many years. We are getting on quite well.
26 After graduating from a junior middle school I went to a key ____________________ middle school in our city.
27 My article was carefully ____________________ and checked before release(发表).
28 Anyone who commits a ________ shall be punished.
29 You probably won’t need to call, but take my number, just in ____________________.
30 After the exam all the students were ___________________ to know their results.
31 I don’t like films, so I ___________________ go to the cinema.
32 Please ___________________ that the new law will come into effect on July 1st.
33 It is ___________________ to feel tired after such a long trip.
34 I have been ____________________ ignoring her all day, so she is very upset.
二、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：
1 He moved to live with the disabled man ____________________ take care of him.
2 Mike is a reporter who ____________________ th ose film and TV stars’ love affairs(诽闻)..
3 Johnson was ____________________ murder by the police and condemned to 10 years in prison.
4 He ____________________ be a college graduate but he knew nothing of history.
5 The law allows people to ____________________ themselves ____________________ a charge.
6 In this chapter I shall ____________________ the early years of Charlie’s reign(王朝).
Unit 5 First aid
一、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。
第一组：mild, throat, bandage, jewellry, ceremony, liquid, injury, aid, radiation, present, wounded
1 I cannot raise my voice, for I have got a sore ________________
2__________________is a personal ornament, such as a ring, necklace, bracelet, made from jewels, precious metals or other substances
3 Matter has three states—solid, gas and _________________
4 With the __________________ of my English teacher I have made rapid progress in English.
5 The family __________________ an ancient sword to the museum.
6 Those __________________ soldiers were sent to the nearest hospital for treatment.
7 It is said that you will be affected by the _________________ if you talk on the mobile phone for long.
8 Be careful with the knife. Or you will do yourself an _________________ .
9 Some high officials were invited to the opening __________________ of Shenzhen Hi-tech Fair.
10 His legs were seriously hurt and were __________________ up. He could only stay in bed.
11She is a __________________ woman who never shouts to others. We all like being with her.
第二组：pressure, bleeding, tissue, bravery, choke, symptom, electric, iron, kettle, ankle, towel
12 I cut my finger while cutting the apple and it was _________________
13 He saved the girl from the burning house. We all admired him for his _ _________________
14 Headache, cough and a running nose are all cold _ _________________
15 I need to _________ the dress before I can wear it.
16 While playing football yesterday afternoon I sprained my ________ and it hurt a lot.
17 After the bath you’d better dry yourself with a __ _________________
18 She carelessly knocked over a __________________ full of boiling water on his legs.
19 It was Edison who invented the __________________ light.
20 The man almost __________________ to death in the thick smoke.
21 Will you please bring me a box of __________________? My nose is running.
22 You shouldn’t work under great __________________all the time. Try to relax yourself.
第三组：treatment, wrist, authentic, essay, swell, sleeve, organ, poison, ambulance, damage, damp
23 My __________________ aches. I can hardly move my hand.
24 Her face _________________ up where the bee had stung her.
25 Eyes, nose, and ears are the sense _________ of the human body.
26 He fell ill and had trouble breathing. So his family called 120 for help and then an ___________________ arrived immediately.
27 The house is very cold and _ _________________ If you live here for long you will probably suffer from rheum arthritis(风湿性关节炎).
28 The desk was _ _________________ Who can fix it?
29 Some mushrooms contain a deadly _ _________________ Never eat them.
30 In summer people usually wear shirts with short _________________
31 He wrote an __________________ on the causes of the First World War.
32 There is a sewage(污水) _________ plant in the west of the city.
33 I am intere sted in collecting valuable paintings, but I don’t know if this one is _ _________________
二、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：
1 He ___________________, so his wife called for first aid.
2 When you finish reading my books please put them __________________
3 Don’t ask me such silly questions _________________
4 ___________________ middle school students signed up for the English Summer Camp.
5 Peter, I cannot ____________________ any blank paper for you.
6 I took off my wet clothes and __________________ water.
人教版新课标必选修6词汇练习
Unit 1 Art
一、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。
第一组：predict, abstract, ridiculous, symbol, avenue, consequently, attempt, sculpture, value, religious
1 Einstein’s Theory of Relativity (相对论)was so _________________ that few people could understand it at that time.
2 White has always been a __________________ of purity in Western cultures.
3 We arrived at Shenzhen terribly late, and ___________________, we had to find a hotel for that night before going to see Mr. Wang the next day.
4 The Goddess of Liberty (自由女神) is a famous __________________ in America representing freedom.
5 Christianity is one of the most important __________________ in the west.
6 That oil painting is of great __________________, and it is expected to go for at least $5,000.
7 The thief ____________________ to enter the house through the open window but he failed.
8 There is a five-star hotel on Fifth ___________________.
9 His explanation is so _____________________ that no one accepted it.
10 The weathermen don’t always ___________________ how the weather will be next day.
第二组：controversial, contemporary, geometry, possession, scholar, convince, aggressive, permanent, exhibition, civilization
11 Before the war people all transferred their ___________________ to safer places.
12 We had more than three discussions about the highly ____________________ topic.
13 Sally is very ___________________ and she has become such a successful business woman.
14 The environmental damage threatens the whole of ____________.
15 Fortunately, the accident didn’t bring any _____________ damage.
16 What he said ___________ me that he was sincere.
17 The new _____________ will tour a dozen US cities next year.
18 I am no ___________ enough to know what that saying means.
19 I take an interest in ____________________ fiction(小说) and drama.
20 Solid ____________________, which is not so easy to learn, is a branch of mathematics.
二、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：
1 It is said that the film Curse of the Golden Flower is really a blockbuster. I ___________________ seeing it.
2 We Chinese teachers of English usually________________ much ________________ grammar.
3 There is no telling what will happen ___________________.
4 I am feeling _________________ better today. I want to go back to work.
5 Hard work ___________________ success.
6 She gave me ____________________ roses on my birthday.
7 You should try to ____________________ those bad habits.
8 I have been to Beijing ____________________ times; but I have never been to Shanghai.
9 I imagine meeting the famous film star ____________________.
10 Computers ____________________ typewriters in most offices.
Unit 2 Poems
一、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。
第一组：transform, warmth, cottage, underline, poem, diamond, anger, aspect, appropriate, sparrow
1 Please explain the ____________________word in the sentence.
2 That thing would ___________________ my life forever.
3 My necklace is made of __________________. It is worth a lot of money.
4 I couldn’t find an ___________________ word to express myself.
5 As a young boy I used to catch ___________________ with a sieve (筛子) on snowy days.
6 I am happy to see that you can look at a problem from every ___________________.
7 My father tried not to show his __________________.
8 This is an 18th century _________________, which has a special style.
9 Li Bai, an ancient poet, wrote lots of famous Tang ________________.
10 It was such a cold day that animals huddled(依偎) together for ___________________.
第二组：branch, pattern, convey, salty, rhyme, tease, sorrow, recite, balloon, compass
11 The Bank of China has some overseas __________________.
12 I can’t think of a ___________________ for the word ―flood‖.
13 To my __________________, he died in an unexpected accident.
14 Kids often like to play with ___________________, painted with different colors.
15 It was amazing that that boy could ___________________ over 200 Chinese poems.
16 A ___________________ is an instrument for finding direction, with a needle always pointing north.
17 Don’t be unhappy; I was only __________________.
18 Please __________________ my greetings to your family.
19 Why is the dish so ___________________?
20 Don’t follow the same __________________ but try to be creative.
二、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：
1 I think this poem is about things that don’t ____________________.
2 Just ____________________. You will be all right after taking those medicine.
3 He never ____________ the cruel enemies.
4 The cooking oil _____________________. Will you go to the corner store to get some?
5 My parents _____________________ the progress I had made in maths.
6 The novel _____________________quite a few foreign languages last year.
7 His condition improved ____________________.
8 Great Britain ___________________ four countries—Scotland, England, Wales and the Northern Ireland. Unit 3 A healthy life
一、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。
第一组：basic, pregnant, comprehension, cigarette, alcohol, chemist, female, stress, quit, perfect
1 __________________ contain a kind of nicotine, which gets people addicted.
2 On some buses there are special seats for those __________________ women.
3 Textile factories often employ more __________________ than males.
4 Practice makes _________________ is an English saying.
5 Peter __________________ this job for a better one.
6 I never drink except for some low-- ___________________ beer.
7 Things can easily go wrong when people work under __________________.
8 I will get some medicine at the __________________.
9 My knowledge of French is pretty ___________________.
10 His behavior was completely beyond ___________________.
第二组：production, eventually, needle, ashamed, manage, adolescent, mental, illegal, automatic, judgement
11 You should be __________________ of yourself for telling such lies.
12 This book includes 20 stories of __________________ boys and girls.
13 We can draw money from __________________ teller machines (ATM) at any time instead of visiting a bank.
14 After six days of hard work the project was ___________________ finished.
15 She showed a lack of __________________ when she gave Tom the job.
16 This hospital treats those patients with __________________ illness.
17 This new model mobile phone will be in ___________________ by the end of the year.
18 It is ___________________ to drive without a driver’s license.
19 Thanks all the same. I can ___________________ by myself.
20 Never share your___________________ with anyone else when you inject drugs.
二、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：
1 The flight was delayed _____________________ the foggy weather.
2 We finally ____________________ the matter after careful discussion.
3 Many kids easily ____________________ the bad habit of playing computer games all day.
4 Workers are still busy with their work ____________________ hot weather.
5 The old photo _________________ me _________________ my college days.
6 I __________________ the English—Chinese dictionary on the bookshelf but it was too high.
7 Since entry into high school I ___________________ getting up early.
8 Never try drugs, otherwise you will ____________________ them.
9 What does ―it‖ ___________________ in the last sentence?
10 To tell you the truth, I don’t want to ____________________.
11 Smoking ___________________ people’s health.
Keys:必修5 Unit 3
一
第一组：1. extraordinary 2 bend 3 constantly 4 vehicles 5 helmets
6 press
7 previous
8 carriages
9 agency 10 swift
第二组：belts 12 mud 13 skip 14 master’s15 capsule 16 temple 17 requires 18 flashed 19 surroundings 20 private
第三组：21.herbs 22 switch 23 lacked 24 settlement 25 lemonade 26 optimistic 27 masks 28 impressions 29 length 30 jet
二
1 lost sight of
2 has taken up
3 speeded up
4 assisted in
5 reminds …of
6 sweep up
7 caught sight of
必修五
Unit 4
一第一组：1 chief 2 edition 3 guilty 4 course 5 occupation 6 approved 7 department 8 section 9 acquire 10 reporters 11 processed
第二组：12 task 13 technical 14 Meanwhile 15 profession/trade 16 intention 17 accurate 18 thorough 19 Trade 20 photographs 21 appointment 22 employed
第三组：23 gifted 24 recorder 25 colleagues 26 senior 27 polished 28 crime 29 case 30 eager 31 seldom
32 note 33 normal 34 deliberately
二 1 so as to 2 has a nose for 3 accused of 4 was supposed to 5 defend…against 6 concentrate on
Unit 5
一第一组：1 throat 2 Jewellry 3 liquid 4 aid 5 presented 6 wounded 7 radiation 8 injury 9 ceremony 10 bandaged 11 mild
第二组：12 bleeding 13 bravery 14 symptoms 15 iron 16 ankle 17 towel 18 kettle 19 electric 20 choked 21 tissues 22 pressure
第三组：23 wrist 24 swelled 25 organs 26 ambulance 27 damp 28 damaged 29 poison 30 sleeves 31 essay 32 treatment 33 authentic
二 1 fell ill 2 in place 3 over and over again 4 A number of 5 put my hands on
6 squeezed out
选修六
Unit 1
一第一组：1 abstract 2 symbol 3 consequently 4 sculpture 5 religions 6 value 7 attempted 8 Avenue 9 ridiculous 10 predict
第二组：11 possessions 12 controversial 13 aggressive 14 civilization 15 permanent 16 convinced 17 exhibition 18 scholar 19 contemporary 20 geometry
二 1 feel like 2 focus…on 3 in the future 4 a great deal 5 leads to 6 a bunch of 7 break away from 8 scores
of 9 in the flesh 10 have taken the place of
Unit 2
一第一组：1 underlined 2 transform 3 diamond 4 appropriate 5 sparrows 6 aspect 7 anger 8 cottage 9 poems 10 warmth
第二组：11 branches 12 rhyme 13 sorrow 14 balloons 15 recite 16 compass 17 teasing 18 convey 19 salty 20 pattern
二 1 make sense 2 take it easy 3 bowed to 4 has run out 5 were delighted with
6 has been translated into
7 day by day
8 is made up of
Unit 3
一第一组：1 Cigarettes 2 pregnant 3 females 4 perfect 5 quit/quitted 6 alcohol 7 stress 8 chemist’s 9 basic 10 comprehension
第二组：11 ashamed 12 adolescent 13 automatic 14 eventually 15 judgement 16 mental 17 production 18 illegal 19 manage 20 needle
二 1 due to 2 decided on 3 get into 4 in spite of 5 reminds of 6 reached for
7 have been accustomed to 8 be addicted to 9 stand for 10 take risks 11 does damage to
高中数学必修五知识点总结及例题学习资料
高中数学必修5知识点 1、正弦定理：在C ?AB 中，a 、b 、c 分别为角A 、B 、C 的对边，R 为C ?AB 的外接圆的半径， 则有 2sin sin sin a b c R A B C ===． 2、正弦定理的变形公式：①2sin a R =A ，2sin b R =B ，2sin c R C =；（边化角） ②sin 2a A R =，sin 2b B R =，sin 2c C R =；（角化边） ③::sin :sin :sin a b c A B C =； ④sin sin sin sin sin sin a b c a b c A B C A B C ++=== ++． 3、三角形面积公式：111 sin sin sin 222 C S bc A ab C ac B ?AB ===． 4、余弦定理：在C ?AB 中，有2 2 2 2cos a b c bc A =+-， 2222cos b a c ac B =+-， 2222cos c a b ab C =+-． 5、余弦定理的推论：222cos 2b c a bc +-A =，222cos 2a c b ac +-B =，222 cos 2a b c C ab +-=． 6、设a 、b 、c 是C ?AB 的角A 、B 、C 的对边， 则：①若222 a b c +=，则90C =；（.C A B C ?? 为直角为直角三角形） ②若2 2 2 a b c +>，则90C <；（.C A B C ??为锐角不一定是锐角三角形） ③若2 2 2 a b c +<，则90C >．（.C A B C ?? 为钝角为钝角三角形） 注：在C ?AB 中，则有 （1）A B C π++=，sin 0,sin 0,sin 0A B C >>>（正弦值都大于0） （2）,,.a b c a c b b c a +>+>+>（两边之和大于第三边） （3）sin sin A B A B a b >?>?>（大角对大边，大边对大角） 7、递增数列：从第2项起，每一项都不小于它的前一项的数列．10n n a a +-> 8、递减数列：从第2项起，每一项都不大于它的前一项的数列．10n n a a +-< 9、常数列：各项相等的数列．11,.n n a a S na == 10、数列的通项公式：表示数列{}n a 的第n 项与序号n 之间的关系的公式． 11、数列的递推公式：表示任一项n a 与它的前一项1n a -（或前几项）间的关系的公式． 12、如果一个数列从第2项起，每一项与它的前一项的差等于同一个常数，则这个数列称为等差数列，这个常数称为等差数列的公差．11()n n n n a a d a a d -+-=-= 13、由三个数a ，A ，b 组成的等差数列可以看成最简单的等差数列，则A 称为a 与b 的等差中项．若2 a c b += ，则
高中数学必修五 知识点总结【经典】
《必修五 知识点总结》 第一章：解三角形知识要点 一、正弦定理和余弦定理 1、正弦定理：在C ?AB 中，a 、b 、c 分别为角A 、B 、C 的对边，，则有 2sin sin sin a b c R C ===A B (R 为C ?AB 的外接圆的半径) 2、正弦定理的变形公式： ①2sin a R =A ，2sin b R =B ，2sin c R C =； ②sin 2a R A = ，sin 2b R B =，sin 2c C R =； ③::sin :sin :sin a b c C =A B ； 3、三角形面积公式：111 sin sin sin 222 C S bc ab C ac ?AB = A == B ． 4、余弦定理：在 C ?AB 中，有2 2 2 2cos a b c bc =+-A ，推论：bc a c b A 2cos 2 22-+= B ac c a b cos 2222-+=，推论： C ab b a c cos 22 2 2 -+=，推论：ab c b a C 2cos 2 22-+= 二、解三角形 处理三角形问题，必须结合三角形全等的判定定理理解斜三角形的四类基本可解型，特别要多角度（几何作图，三角函数定义，正、余弦定理，勾股定理等角度）去理解“边边角”型问题可能有两解、一解、无解的三种情况，根据已知条件判断解的情况，并能正确求解 1、三角形中的边角关系 （1）三角形内角和等于180°； （2）三角形中任意两边之和大于第三边，任意两边之差小于第三边； ac b c a B 2cos 2 22-+=
（3）三角形中大边对大角，小边对小角； （4）正弦定理中,a =2R ·sin A , b =2R ·sin B , c =2R ·sin C ，其中R 是△ABC 外接圆半径. （5）在余弦定理中:2bc cos A =222a c b -+. （6）三角形的面积公式有:S = 21ah , S =21ab sin C=21bc sin A=2 1 ac sinB , S =))(()(c P b P a P P --?-其中，h 是BC 边上高，P 是半周长. 2、利用正、余弦定理及三角形面积公式等解任意三角形 （1）已知两角及一边，求其它边角，常选用正弦定理. （2）已知两边及其中一边的对角，求另一边的对角，常选用正弦定理. （3）已知三边，求三个角，常选用余弦定理. （4）已知两边和它们的夹角，求第三边和其他两个角，常选用余弦定理. （5）已知两边和其中一边的对角，求第三边和其他两个角，常选用正弦定理. 3、利用正、余弦定理判断三角形的形状 常用方法是：①化边为角；②化角为边. 4、三角形中的三角变换 （1）角的变换 因为在△ABC 中，A+B+C=π，所以sin(A+B)=sinC ；cos(A+B)=－cosC ；tan(A+B)=－tanC 。 2 sin 2cos ,2cos 2sin C B A C B A =+=+； （2）三角形边、角关系定理及面积公式，正弦定理，余弦定理。 r 为三角形内切圆半径，p 为周长之半 （3）在△ABC 中，熟记并会证明：∠A ，∠B ，∠C 成等差数列的充分必要条件是∠B=60°；△ABC 是正三角形的充分必要条件是∠A ，∠B ，∠C 成等差数列且a ，b ，c 成等比数列.
最新外研版高中英语选修六 1-6单元知识点归纳
外研版高中英语选修六1-6单元知识点归纳 Module 1 【词条1】lack 【点拨】lack动词, 意为"缺乏,没有"。如: He is good at his job but he seems to lack confidence. What he lacks in experience he makes up for in enthusiasm. 【拓展】 1. lack的常用短语有:be lacking"欠缺,缺乏"；be lacking in"缺乏(某种品质、特点等)"；lack (for) nothing"应有尽有"。如: Money for the project is still lacking. I think the film is lacking in pace. They have got everything ready and they lack for nothing. 2. lack还可作名词,常与of连用,意为"缺乏,没有"。for lack of "因为缺乏……"。如: The work had to be stopped for lack of funds. The flowers withered for lack of water. 【词条2】reply 【点拨】名词,意为"回答,答复",常与介词to 连用。如: Is it a reply to the first or the second letter? To my anger, she made no reply to my question. 其常用在短语in reply to中,意为"作为对……的回答,回复"。如: What did he do in reply to your challenge? 【拓展】reply也可作动词,意为"回答,答复",reply (to ... / that ...) 。如: The teacher gave me no chance to reply to her question. Lily replied that she knew nothing about it. 【词条3】apology 【点拨】apology名词,意为"道歉,歉意",常用于短语:offer / make an apology to sb."向某人道歉", accept an apology"接受道歉"。如: It’s impolite of you to leave without a word of apology. In my judgment, we should accept their apology. You’d better make an apology for your absence. 【拓展】其动词形式为apologize,意为"道歉,表示歉意",常用短语为: apologize to sb.(for sth.)"(因某事)向某人道歉"。如: I must apologize for not being able to meet you that day. I think Tom might have apologized to Jane for what he did. 经典短语透视 【短语1】think of 【点拨】think of可意为"想起,想出"。如: The photo made me think of my child-hood. It was Tom who thought of the good plan.
必修五-不等式知识点总结
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1.均值不等式：如果a,b 是正数，那么 ).""(2 号时取当且仅当==≥+b a ab b a 2、使用均值不等式的条件：一正、二定、三相等 3、平均不等式：平方平均≥算术平均≥几何平均≥调和平均（a 、b 为正数），即 2112a b a b +≥+（当 a = b 时取等） 四、含有绝对值的不等式 1．绝对值的几何意义：||x 是指数轴上点x 到原点的距离；12||x x -是指数轴上12,x x 两点间的距离 2、则不等式：如果,0>a a x a x a x -<><=>>或|| a x a x a x -≤≥<=>≥或|| a x a a x <<-<=><|| a x a a x ≤≤-<=>≤|| 3．当0c >时， ||ax b c ax b c +>?+>或ax b c +<-， ||ax b c c ax b c +?∈，||ax b c x φ+?-<<，|| (0)x a a x a >>?>或x a <-． （2）定义法：零点分段法； （3）平方法：不等式两边都是非负时，两边同时平方． 五、其他常见不等式形式总结： ①分式不等式的解法：先移项通分标准化，则 ()()0() () 0()()0;0()0 () ()f x g x f x f x f x g x g x g x g x ≥?>?>≥??≠? ②无理不等式：转化为有理不等式求解 ()0()0()()f x g x f x g x ?≥????≥?? ?>? 定义域 ???<≥?????>≥≥?>0 )(0)()] ([)(0)(0)()()(2x g x f x g x f x g x f x g x f 或 ??? ??<≥≥?<2 )] ([)(0 )(0 )()()(x g x f x g x f x g x f
选修六知识点归纳总结
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古义：虽然这样今义：转折连词 (4)穷发之北 古义：毛，草木今义：头发 (5)小年不及大年 生物之以息相吹也(名词，气息) 4.词类活用 (1)名词用作动词。而后乃今将图南(往南飞)/奚以之九万里而南为(往南飞) (2)使动用法。德合一君(使……满意)/彼于致福者(使……到
来)/而徵一国者(使……信任)二、文言虚词 1.之 (1)助词，的。鹏之背，不知其几千里也/其翼若垂天之云(助词，的) 悲乎 /而彭祖乃今以久特闻 (3)连词，表并列。若夫乘天地之正，而御六气之辩 (4)连词，表承接。而控于地而已矣 3.则
(1)连词，就。海运则将徙于南冥 (2)连词，或者。时则不至 (3)连词，那么。则其负大舟也无力 4.然 (2)副词，还。彼且恶乎待哉 (3)副词，将要。且适南冥也 7.于 (1)介词，对于。彼其于世/彼其于世
(2)介词，在。覆杯水于坳堂之上 8.其 (1)用在选择问句中，或许……或说得过去，是……还是……其正色邪?其远而无所至极邪 ) ) ) 朝来暮去颜色故。(古义：容貌。今义：色彩。) 又闻此语重唧唧。(古义：叹息声。今义：一般指虫鸣。) 凄凄不似向前声。(古义：刚才。今义：朝着前面。) 河内凶，则移其民于河东。(古：黄河。今义：泛指河流。)
(古：谷物收成不好。今义：凶恶，厉害。) 弃甲曳兵而走。(古：逃跑。今义：行，走路。) 是使民养生丧死无憾也。(古：供养活着的人。今义：保养身体。) 五十者可以衣帛矣。(古：可以凭借。今义：表示同意、认可。) ) ) ) ) ) 赢粮而景从。(古：背负，担负。今义：获得，获胜。) 山东豪俊遂并起而亡秦族矣。(古：崤山以东。今义：山东省。) 古之学者必有师。(古：求学的人。今义：有专门学问的人。) 吾从而师之。(古：跟随并且。今义：表因果的连词。)
新人教版高中数学必修5知识点总结(详细)
高中数学必修5知识点总结 第一章 解三角形 1、三角形三角关系：A+B+C=180°；C=180°-(A+B)； 2、三角形三边关系：a+b>c; a-b
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选修六知识点 -----高二英语备课组 Unit 1 Art 1.achieve one’s aim 实现某人的目标without one’s aim 漫无目标的 with the aim of 意在…，以…为目标aim at doing sth /aim to do sth 意欲，力求做某事 be aimed at (doing) sth.目的在于…，旨在… 2.be typical of……是特有的，是典型的… E.g. It’s typical of him to forget. 3.be possessed of sth. 具有（某种品质或特征）be possessed with/by 被…控制 take the possession of sth 占有某物，拿到某物 in possession of /in the possession of 归…所有（用法与in charge of & in the charge of相同） 4.a great deal 大量（a great deal of 修饰不可数名词） 5.make an attempt to do/at doing sth 尝试做…at one’s first attempt 第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事attempt to do/ at doing sth 尝试做某事 6. on the one hand…on the other hand （般指两个相反或相对的方面）一方面…另一方面 for one thing ..for another thing…常陈述情况一致的两个方面，用于解释原因，表列举 7.be worth doing = be worthy of being done = be worthy to be done 值得做… be well worth doing sth.（主动表被动）It’s worthwhile to do/doing sth. 值得做… 8.have/lose faith in 对某人信任/失去对某人的信任 9.keep one’s figure 保持身材have a good figure 身材苗条figure out 算出，解决，理解 10. would rather do ..than…= would do …rather than… I would rather go on foot than take a bus.= I would go on foot rather than take a bus. 11. in preference to 优先于have a preference for 更喜欢… 12.appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；（使某人）感兴趣appeal for 恳求/呼吁… 13 win/earn reputation 赢得名声have a reputation for 以…而闻名. establish reputation 建立名誉 a good /bad reputation 好/坏名声 live up to one’s reputation 名不虚传…不负盛名… 14.动词不定式作后置定语： 1.用在序数词、形容词最高级后. E.g. He is the first to come here. 2.用在被序数词、形容词最高级、next、last、only等修饰的名词后. Eg. The best way to solve the problem is to make a plan. 15.more than + 数词表示“多于，超过”I have taught English more than 15 years. more than + 名词表示“不仅仅”The museum displays more than the visual delights of art. more than + 动词/形容词/副词表示“非常”I’m more than pleased to help you . more than + 句子表示“超过…的能力范围”The beauty is more than I can describe. 16. 句型what is known to us all is that…= it is known to us all that …= As is known to us all, … 17. 短语：It was evident that…很显然…It is predicted that …据预测…concentrate..on 集中，全神贯注于in perspective 用透视画法by coincidence 巧合地break away from 挣脱，脱离scores of 许多.in the flesh 活着的，亲自，本人 every two years= every second year = every other year 每2年be allergic to 对…过敏 be well worth a visit 很值得参观to be specific 具体地说be specific to 特有的；独特的attitude to/towards 对…的态度convince sb of sth /that…使某人相信… Unit 2 Poems 1．convey sth to sb 向某人表达/传递某物convey sb/sth from A to B把…从A地运送到B地2.take one’s time 不急，慢慢来take sth seriously 认真对待某事 take sth for granted 认为…理所应当 3.run out of 用完了…表示主动意义，run out …用完了，主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等We are running out of the money. = The money is running out. (钱快要用完了) 4.be made up of=be composed of =consist of由……组成
2020人教版化学选修5有机化学基础知识点总结
2020人教版化学选修5《有机化学基础》知识点总结 一、重要的物理性质 1．有机物的溶解性 （1）难溶于水的有：各类烃、卤代烃、硝基化合物、酯、绝大多数高聚物、高级的（指分子中碳原子数目较多的，下同）醇、醛、羧酸等。 （2）易溶于水的有：低级的[一般指N(C)≤4]醇、醛、羧酸及盐、氨基酸及盐、单糖、二糖。（它们都能与水形成氢键）。 （3）具有特殊溶解性的： ①乙醇是一种很好的溶剂，既能溶解许多无机物，又能溶解许多有机物，所以常用乙醇来溶解植 物色素或其中的药用成分，也常用乙醇作为反应的溶剂，使参加反应的有机物和无机物均能溶解，增大接触面积，提高反应速率。例如，在油脂的皂化反应中，加入乙醇既能溶解NaOH，又能溶解油脂，让它们在均相（同一溶剂的溶液）中充分接触，加快反应速率，提高反应限度。 ②苯酚：室温下，在水中的溶解度是9.3g（属可溶），易溶于乙醇等有机溶剂，当温度高于65℃ 时，能与水混溶，冷却后分层，上层为苯酚的水溶液，下层为水的苯酚溶液，振荡后形成乳浊液。苯酚易溶于碱溶液和纯碱溶液，这是因为生成了易溶性的钠盐。 ③乙酸乙酯在饱和碳酸钠溶液中更加难溶，同时饱和碳酸钠溶液还能通过反应吸收挥发出的乙 酸，溶解吸收挥发出的乙醇，便于闻到乙酸乙酯的香味。 ④有的淀粉、蛋白质可溶于水形成胶体 ．．。蛋白质在浓轻金属盐（包括铵盐）溶液中溶解度减小，会析出（即盐析，皂化反应中也有此操作）。但在稀轻金属盐（包括铵盐）溶液中，蛋白质的溶解度反而增大。 ⑤线型和部分支链型高聚物可溶于某些有机溶剂，而体型则难溶于有机溶剂。 ⑥氢氧化铜悬浊液可溶于多羟基化合物的溶液中，如甘油、葡萄糖溶液等，形成绛蓝色溶液。2．有机物的密度 （1）小于水的密度，且与水（溶液）分层的有：各类烃、一氯代烃、氟代烃、酯（包括油脂）（2）大于水的密度，且与水（溶液）分层的有：多氯代烃、溴代烃（溴苯等）、碘代烃、硝基苯3．有机物的状态[常温常压（1个大气压、20℃左右）] （1）气态：
必修5知识点总结
必修5知识点总结 1、正弦定理：在C ?AB 中，a 、b 、c 分别为角A 、B 、C 的对边，R 为C ?AB 的外接圆的半径，则有 2sin sin sin a b c R C ===A B ． 2、正弦定理的变形公式：①2sin a R =A ，2sin b R =B ，2sin c R C =；②sin 2a R A =，sin 2b R B =，sin 2c C R =； ③::sin :sin :sin a b c C =A B ；④ sin sin sin sin sin sin a b c a b c C C ++=== A + B +A B ． （正弦定理用来解决两类问题：1、已知两边和其中一边所对的角，求其余的量。2、已知两角和一边，求其余的量。） ⑤对于已知两边和其中一边所对的角的题型要注意解的情况。（一解、两解、无解三中情况） 如：在三角形AB C 中，已知a 、b 、A （A 为锐角）求B 画出图：法一：把a 扰着C 点旋转，看所得轨迹以AD 有无交点： 当无交点则B 无解、 当有一个交点则B 有一解、 当有两个交点则B 有两个解。 法二：是算出CD=bsinA,看a 的情况： 当a (2)保护森林（措施）：①坚持以营林为主，合理采伐；②促进珍贵树种的更新；③提高木材的综合利用率（对木材进行深加工，提高附加值）；④加强自然保护区的建设，保护生态环境，开展生态旅游；⑤健全森林保护的法律法规；⑥加强环境教育，提高公民保护意识；⑦加强森林的管理和保护2．草地退化及其防治： (1)我国草地退化原因：A．过度农垦B．过度放牧C．过度樵采，滥挖药材D．鼠害和虫害(主 要是蝗虫)严重E．气候异常等 (2)我国草地保护：实行禁牧、轮牧制度；改变逐水草而居的游牧方式为牲畜舍饲、半舍饲方式；加 强牧场的基本建设；建立饲草料基地；建设“草库伦”等。 3．湿地干涸及其恢复 (1)湿地日益减少：①土壤侵蚀、泥沙淤积；②环境污染造成富营养化；③围湖、围海造田； ④大量引水灌溉和河流的截留改向，使水量减少。 (2)湿地环境效益：天然的蓄水库，能够调节气候、涵养水源、调节径流、蓄洪防旱、降解污染物、 保护生物多样性 保护措施：①建立湿地自然保护区；②发展生态旅游；③加强宣传，提高公民的湿地保护意识； ④加强立法和管理，防治湿地污染；⑤退耕还湿（生态退耕）。 ▲2.水污染的防治措施 减少化肥和农药的使用量；建设污水处理厂，工业废水、生活污水经处理后排放；防治石油泄漏。(2016.03洛阳二练)“水华”是水体富营养化的一种特征，水温、光照强度等都会对藻类的水华生物生长繁殖产生影响。 据新华社合肥8 月10 日电，安徽省巢湖市饮 用水源地周边连日来出现明显蓝藻集聚。安徽省环 保厅已两次发出蓝藻水华红色预警，这引发了公众对 于饮用水安全的担忧。 分析7、8 月份巢湖“水华”现象严重的原因。 参考答案：受伏旱影响，7、8 月份高温少雨，盛夏用 水量增加，导致湖水补给量减少（4 分）；流人该湖 的污染水体所占比重大，水体富养化加重（3 分）； 7、8 月份气温高、光照强，水华生物生长繁殖速度快 （3 分）。 考点四固体废弃物污染及其危害 1.城市垃圾的特点：数量大、品种多、变化大。 2．固体废弃物污染的危害 (1)污染途径 （2)危害 教育资源 第一章认识有机化合物知识点总结一、有机化合物的分类1．按碳的骨架分类 链状化合物：如CH 3CH2CH2CH 3、CH3CH=CH2、HC≡CH等 （1）有机化合物脂环化合物：如， 环状化合物芳香化合物（含有苯环的化合物） 按照组成元素分类烃（只由碳氢元素组成） 烃的衍生物（碳氢和其他元素组成） 3．按官能团分类 (1)官能团：决定化合物特殊性质的原子或原子团（碳碳单键和苯环不是官能团） 二、有机化合物的结构特点 1.有机化合物中碳原子的成键特点 (1)碳原子的结构特点 碳原子最外层有 4 个电子，能与其他原子形成 4 个共价键． (2)碳原子间的结合方式 碳原子不仅可以与氢原子形成共价键，而且碳原子之间也能形成单键、双键或三键．多个碳原子可以形成 长短不一的碳链和碳环，碳链和碳环也可以相互结合，所以有机物种类纷繁，数量庞大． 2、有机化合物的表示方法 种类实例 含义应用范围分子式 C 2H 4用元素符号表示物质分子组成的式子， 可反映出一个分子中原子的种类和数目多用于研究分子晶体最简式 (实验式)CH 2①表示物质组成的各元素原子最简整数 比的式子；②由最简式可求最简式量；③分子式是最简式的整数倍 ① 有共同组成的物质② 离子化合物、原子晶体常用 它表示组成电子式 用“”或“×”表示原子最外层电子 成键情况的式子多用于表示离子型、共价型的 物质结构式原子间的共用电子对用断线表示多用于研究有机物的性质结构简式CH 2===CH 2省略碳氢单键和碳碳单键，相同原子或 基团合并有机反应常用结构简式表示 键线式将碳、氢元素符号省略，只表示分子中 键的连接情况，每个拐点或终点都表示 一个碳原子 表示较复杂的有机物的结构 球棍模型小球表示原子，短棍表示价键(单键、双 键或三键) 用于表示分子的立体空间结构 （相对位置和连接情况） 比例模型用不同体积的小球表示不同大小的原子用于表示分子中各原子的相对大小和形状 书写键线式时注意事项： （1）、一般表示2 个以上碳原子的有机物； （2）、只忽略C-H 键、其余的化学键不能忽略。必须表示出C=C、C≡ C 键和其它官能团。 (3)、除碳氢原子不标注，其余原子必须标注（含羟基、醛基和羧基等官能团中氢原子）。 (4)、计算分子式时不能忘记顶端的碳原子。 共用电子对省略短线 总结：电子式结构式结构简式 短线替换双、三键保留 省去碳氢元素符号 键线式 必修1 第一章集合与函数概念 一、集合有关概念 1、集合的含义：某些指定的对象集在一起就成为一个集合，其中每一个对象叫元素。 2、集合的中元素的三个特性：1.元素的确定性；2.元素的互异性；3.元素的无序性 非负整数集（即自然数集）记作：N 正整数集N*或N+ 整数集Z 有理数集Q 实数集R 关于“属于”的概念 集合的元素通常用小写的拉丁字母表示，如：a是集合A的元素，就说a属于集合A 记作a∈A ，相反，a不属于集合A 记作a?A 二、集合间的基本关系 任何一个集合是它本身的子集。A?A ②真子集:如果A?B,且B?A那就说集合A是集合B的真子集，记作A?B(或B?A) 3. 不含任何元素的集合叫做空集，记为Φ 规定: 空集是任何集合的子集，空集是任何非空集合的真子集。 三、集合的运算 1．交集的定义：一般地，由所有属于A且属于B的元素所组成的集合,叫做A,B的交集．(即找公 共部分)记作A∩B(读作”A交B”)，即A∩B={x|x∈A，且x∈B}． 2、并集的定义：一般地，由所有属于集合A或属于集合B的元素所组成的集合，叫做A,B的并集。（即A和B中所有的元素）记作：A∪B(读作”A并B”)，即A∪B={x|x∈A，或x∈B}． 4、全集与补集 （1）补集：设S是一个集合，A是S的一个子集（即），由S中所有不属于A的元素组成的集合，叫做S中子集A的补集（或余集）（即除去A剩下的元素组成的集合） 四、函数的有关概念 定义域补充 能使函数式有意义的实数x的集合称为函数的定义域，求函数的定义域时列不等式组的主要依据是：(1)分式的分母不等于零；(2)偶次方根的被开方数不小于零；(3)对数式的真数必须大于零；(4)指数、对数式的底必须大于零且不等于1. (5)如果函数是由一些基本函数通过四则运算结合而成的.那么，它的定义域是使各部分都有意义的x的值组成的集合.（6）指数为零底不可以等于零(6)实际问题中的函数的定义域还要保证实际问题有意义. (又注意：求出不等式组的解集即为函数的定义域。) 构成函数的三要素：定义域、对应关系和值域 4．了解区间的概念 （1）区间的分类：开区间、闭区间、半开半闭区间；（2）无穷区间；（3）区间的数轴表示． 7．函数单调性 （1）．增函数 设函数y=f(x)的定义域为I，如果对于定义域I内的某个区间D内的任意两个自变量a，b，当a 高中数学必修五知识点汇总 第一章 解三角形 一、知识点总结 正弦定理: 1．正弦定理:2sin sin sin a b c R A B C === (R 为三角形外接圆的半径). 步骤1. 证明：在锐角△ABC 中，设BC=a,AC=b,AB=c 。作CH ⊥AB 垂足为点H CH=a ·sinB CH=b ·sinA ∴a ·sinB=b ·sinA 得到b b a a s i n s i n = 同理，在△ABC 中， b b c c sin sin = 步骤2. 证明：2sin sin sin a b c R A B C === 如图，任意三角形ABC,作ABC 的外接圆O. 作直径BD 交⊙O 于D. 连接DA. 因为直径所对的圆周角是直角,所以∠DAB=90° 因为同弧所对的圆周角相等,所以∠D 等于∠C. 所以C R c D sin 2sin == 故2sin sin sin a b c R A B C === 2.正弦定理的一些变式： ()sin sin sin i a b c A B C ::=::；()sin ,sin ,sin 22a b ii A B C R R ==2c R =； ()2sin ,2sin ,2sin iii a R A b R B b R C ===； （4）R C B A c b a 2sin sin sin =++++ 3．两类正弦定理解三角形的问题： （1）已知两角和任意一边，求其他的两边及一角. （2）已知两边和其中一边的对角，求其他边角.（可能有一解，两解，无解） 4.在ABC ?中，已知a,b 及A 时，解得情况： 解法一：利用正弦定理计算 解法二：分析三角形解的情况，可用余弦定理做，已知a,b 和角A ，则由余弦定理得 即可得出关于c 的方程：0cos 2222=-+-a b Ac b c 分析该方程的解的情况即三角形解的情况 ①△=0,则三角形有一解 ②△>0则三角形有两解 ③△<0则三角形无解 余弦定理:选修六《环境保护》知识点总结
【教育资料】(超全)高二化学选修5第一章知识点总结学习专用(最新整理)
高中数学必修一至必修五知识点总结
高中数学必修5知识点总结归纳(人教版最全)
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