2012年12月

地理试卷 第 1 页 共 9 页

机密★开考前

2012年12月贵州省普通高中学业水平考试

地 理 试 卷

注意事项：

1．本试卷共8页，50题，满分100分。考试用时90分钟。

2．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡“考生条码区”。

3．每题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

每题2分。每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项．．．．

符合题意。

图1示意天体系统的四个层次。读图完成1～2题。

1．天体系统中层次最低的是

A ．甲

B ．乙

C ．丙

D ．丁 2．乙图中示意地球位置的是

A ．①

B ．②

C ．③

D ．④

图2示意冬至日太阳光照。读图完成3～4题。

图1

丁丙

③

④200亿光年

地理试卷 第 2 页 共 9 页

3．甲地的昼长为

A ．0小时

B ．3小时

C ．12小时

D ．24小时 4．①、②、③、④四地，正午太阳高度最大的是

A ．①

B ．②

C ．③

D ．④ 5．关于地球外部圈层的叙述，正确的有

A ．生物圈是陆地绿色植物的总称

B ．水圈的主体是陆地水和生物水

C ．大气圈是地球生命生存的条件之一

D ．人类活动形成了岩石圈 6．图3示意某种地貌类型，形成该地貌的主要外力作用是

A ．风力堆积

B ．海水侵蚀

C ．风力侵蚀

D ．变质作用

图4示意太阳辐射、地面辐射、大气辐射的相互关系。读图完成7～8题。

图2

②③

甲

图3

太阳辐射

图4

①

地理试卷 第 3 页 共 9 页

7．①对地球的影响有

A ．火山爆发

B ．地壳运动

C ．地震活动

D ．植物生长 8．图中表示大气逆辐射的箭头为

A ．①

B ．②

C ．③

D ．④

9．市区气温通常高于郊区形成“热岛”，导致近地面空气从郊区流向市区。这种大气运动形式属于

A ．季风环流

B ．三圈环流

C ．大气环流

D ．热力环流 10．2012年4月23日10时，内蒙古自治区发布了大风蓝色预警。由于强冷空气来袭，48小时内，气温大幅降低，最低降至0℃以下。该冷空气可能带来的气象灾害是 A ．干旱 B ．寒潮 C ．台风 D ．洪涝

图5示意不同的天气系统。读图完成11～12题。

11．2012年11月15日夜间至17日，我国东北及南方地区先后出现了明显降雪和降雨过程。导致该天气过程的天气系统是 A ．① B ．② C ．③ D ．④ 12．形成我国北方秋高气爽的晴朗天气的天气系统为

A ．①

B ．②

C ．③

D ．④

图6示意地球上局部气压带和风带分布。读图完成13～14题。

13．甲气压带表示 A ．赤道低气压带 B ．副热带高气压带 C ．极地高气压带 D ．副极地低气压带 14．北纬40°～60°的大陆西岸，终年在乙风带控制下形成温和湿润的

A ．温带大陆性气候

B ．地中海气候

图5

① ②

③ ④

图6

30°

30°

0°

地理试卷 第 4 页 共 9 页

C ．温带海洋性气候

D ．温带季风气候

图7示意北大西洋洋流分布简图。读图完成15～16题。

15．以下属于寒流的是

A ．①

B ．②

C ．③

D ．④ 16．甲渔场的成因主要为

A ．寒暖流交汇

B ．上升补偿流

C ．径流入海

D ．人工养殖

图8示意喜马拉雅山南北坡自然带分布。读图完成17～18题。

17．图中反映的地理环境地域分异规律为

A ．纬度地带性

B ．非地带性

C ．经度地带性

D ．垂直地带性 18．影响喜马拉雅山自然带植被差异的因素有

A ．水热条件

B ．昼夜长短

C ．河流形态

D ．人类活动 19．我国村落规模在北方平原地区往往较大，在南方低山丘陵地区则较小，其主要影响因素为

A ．气候

B ．地形

C ．植被

D ．水源

20．印度洋岛国马尔代夫由1200余个小珊瑚岛组成，平均海拔不足两米，近年来大部分岛屿面临被海水淹没的危险，其原因最可能是 A ．地壳上升 B ．暴雨洪涝 C ．径流入海 D ．全球气候变暖 图9表示四个国家的人口出生率和人口死亡率。读图完成21～22题。

图7

°

图8

8000 6000 7000 5000 4000 2000 3000 1000

高山草甸草原

高寒荒漠

积雪冰川

珠穆朗玛峰（8844.43m ）

积雪冰川

高寒荒漠

高山草甸

高山灌木林 高山针叶林 高山针叶阔叶混交林

常绿阔叶林

南坡

北坡

海拔（m ）

地理试卷 第 5 页 共 9 页

21．人口死亡率最高的是

A ．①

B ．②

C ．③

D ．④ 22．人口再生产类型属于“三低”模式的是

A ．①

B ．②

C ．③

D ．④ 图10示意城市各类土地利用付租能力随距离递减关系。读图完成23～24题。

23．甲、乙、丙依次对应的城市功能区为

A ．工业区、住宅区、商业区

B ．住宅区、工业区、商业区

C ．工业区、商业区、住宅区

D ．商业区、住宅区、工业区 24．城市中甲功能区形成的原因有

A ．环境污染严重

B ．地租最便宜

C ．交通运输便捷

D ．人口流量低 25．春秋战国时期，苗族发展成楚国主体居民，秦灭楚后，苗族大量迁逃。至西汉之初贵州始有苗族分布，川黔一带的山溪江谷间布满了苗族。促使苗族大规模迁徒的主要原因有

A ．经济

B ．战争

C ．政策

D ．自然灾害 图11示意1810～2010年发达国家和发展中国家城市化水平的变化。读图完成26～27题。

人口死亡率（%） 人口出生率（%）

图9

图10

图11

26．相对于发展中国家而言，目前发达国家城市化

A．速度快，水平高B．速度慢，水平高

C．速度慢，水平低D．速度快，水平低

27．当前发展中国家城市化过程中普遍存在的问题有

A．环境污染加重B．城市人口减少

C．逆城市化加剧D．农业用地增加

2012年我国政府工作报告提出，继续提高粮食最低收购价。今年小麦、稻谷最低收购价平均每50公斤分别提高7.4元和16元。完成28～29题。

28．“提高粮食最低收购价”在农业区位因素中属于

A．自然因素B．交通因素C．科技因素D．政策因素29．有利于我国南方种植水稻的自然条件有

A．气候适宜B．科技先进C．交通发达D．市场广阔30．近年来由于国内工资水平的提高，部分中国企业开始在国外设厂。如某制鞋企业于2011年在非洲埃塞俄比亚建厂，其主导区位因素为

A．科学技术B．能源C．廉价劳动力D．气候

观光农业不仅能进行农业生产，还能改善生态环境质量，提供休闲度假场所。在快节奏的城市生活中人们渴望放松自己，城郊观光农业应运而生，发展迅速。完成31～32题。

31．市民周末到近郊观光果园休闲度假，通常选乘

A．火车B．汽车C．飞机D．轮船

32．发展观光农业主要可改善城郊的

A．交通状况B．地形类型C．地质条件D．生态环境随着铁路和高速公路的相继开通，某城市的交通条件大为改善，城市规模也迅速扩大。图12示意该城市规模的变化。读图完成33～34题。

图12

33．拟在图示区域建水泥厂，从环境保护的角度考虑，宜建在

A．甲B．乙C．丙D．丁

地理试卷第 6 页共9 页

地理试卷 第 7 页 共 9 页

34．影响新城区扩展方向的主导因素是

A ．交通

B ．市场

C ．地形

D ．气候

图13示意钢铁工业的生产过程。读图完成35～36题。

35．图中反映了钢铁生产各环节间存在

A ．空间上的联系

B ．投入—产出联系

C ．劳动力的联系

D ．信息上的联系 36．钢铁企业宜建在

A ．河流上游

B ．农田附近

C ．城市中心

D ．铁路沿线

许多大城市大力推广使用清洁能源为动力的新能源公交车，2012年第12届北京国际车展的新能源汽车数量居历届之最。完成37～38题。

37．积极推广新能源汽车可以有效缓解城市的

A ．水土流失

B ．固体废弃物污染

C ．大气污染

D ．交通拥堵 38．积极研发和推广新能源汽车体现的人地关系思想是

A ．崇拜自然

B ．利用自然

C ．征服自然

D ．人地和谐发展

读图14完成39～40题。

39．图中反映的主要环境问题为 A ．噪声污染 B ．大气污染 C ．水体污染 D ．植被破坏 40．针对该环境问题，可采取的措施有

①提高环保意识 ②治理环境污染 ③加强治安管理 ④实施清洁生产

图13

烧结厂

焦化厂

炼铁

炼钢

轧钢

铸钢

各种器材

铁矿 焦煤

图14

纯净水

A．①②③B．②③④C．①②④D．①③④

图15示意我国自然区的划分。读图完成41～42题。

甲

乙

图15

41．上图反映区域

A．具有一定的界线B．具有一定政治地位

C．相互间没有联系D．内部无相似性

42．甲区与乙区比较

A．乙区多为戈壁荒漠B．甲区降水比乙区丰富

C．乙区耕地多为水田D．甲区热量比乙区丰富

湿地包括河流、湖泊、沼泽、滩涂、低潮时水深不超过6米的浅海等。被誉为“地球之肾”和“物种的基因库”，它具有涵养水源、净化水质、蓄洪防旱、调节气候和维护生物多样性等重要的生态功能。80年代前人们对湿地重要性缺乏认识，造成过度围垦、过度开发生物资源以及水污染的加剧等，严重地破坏着湿地。为提高公众的湿地保护意识，湿地国际联盟从1997起，将每年的2月2日定为“世界湿地日”。让我们携手关心湿地，保护地球，避免让地球走向“肾衰”。完成43～44题。

43．80年代以前我国东部湖泊等湿地大面积减少的最主要原因是

A．风沙危害B．过度围垦C．气候变干D．地壳抬升44．湿地环境恶化后，造成的主要危害有

A．城市建设减缓B．水土流失减少C．耕地面积减小D．生物种类减少图16示意向家坝至上海特高压直流输电线路。2010年7月8日，该示范工程投入运行。线路全长1907公里，每年可向上海输送320亿千瓦时的清洁电能，可节省原煤1500万吨，减排二氧化碳超过3000万吨。读图完成45～46题。

图16

45．向家坝→上海特高压输电工程对沿线地区的影响可能有

A．加剧污染B．增加交通压力C．扩大就业D．加大经济差距46．向家坝→上海特高压输电工程有利于上海

地理试卷第8 页共9 页

2012年12月 N1真题+答案

N1 能力考真题【 2012.12】 問題１ _____ の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、１、２、３、４から一つ選びなさい。 1.従来の枠を超えて新しい分野に進出する企業が増えている。 1) かべ 2) わく 3) みぞ 4) ふち ２.この情報誌は国内の主な観光名所をほぼ網羅している 1) ぼうろう 2) もうろう 3) もうら 4) ぼうら3.このような賞を受けることは、私にとって大変名誉なことです 1) めいゆう 2) めいゆ 3) めいよう 4) めいよ4. 新商品の開発には多額の資金を費やした。 1) ひやした 2) つやした 3) ついやした 4) ひいやした5. あそこに見えるのは、千年前に建てられた由緒あるお寺です。 1) ゆうしょ 2) ゆいしょ 3) ゆうしょう 4) ゆいしょう6. 若いスタッフたちが手際よく作業を進めていた。 1) しゅざい 2) てきわ 3) しゅさい 4) てぎわ問題２（）に入れるのに最もよいものを、１、２、３、４から一つ選びなさい。 7.会議の直前に部長の都合が悪くなり、（）私が代理で出席することにった。 1) 瞬時に 2) 迅速に 3) 即刻 4) 急遽 8.あの人は?申請書は締め切りまでに絶対に提出した?と、まだ（）いる1) 言い残して 2) 言い張って 3) 言い渡して 4) 言い放って9.このままでは交渉がまとまらないので、互いに（）せざるをえない。1) 同調 2) 妥協 3) 和解 4) 融合 10.この論文が今後の医学の発展に（）するところは大きいだろう。 1) 寄与 2) 普及 3) 供与 4) 波及 11.今年の花火大会は、30 万人を超える（）が予想されている。 1) 人込み 2) 人波 3) 人通り 4) 人出12.仕事の分担を決める前に、必要な作業をすべて（）した。

2012年12月英语四级真题及答案(卷3)

Doctoral degree 1,5501,2721,038 712626444Master’s degree Bachelor’s degree Some college,no degree High school diploma Less than high school degree 2012年12月大学英语四级真题(3) Part ⅠWriting (30minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上，请在答题卡1上作答。 Direction:For this part,you are allowed 30minutes to write a composition entitled E ducation Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below (Weekly earnings of 2010).Please write at least 120words but no more than 180words. Education:A Worthy Investment Weekly earnings in 2010($) Source:U.S.Bureau of Labor Statistics Education Pays Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Di rections:In this part,you will have 15minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Suffering in silence Despite a law designed to protect them,many people with disabling conditions are unaware of their rights.Carole Concha-Bell tells of her experiences. Being diagnosed with a disabling condition is always a shock.Learning to live without the guarantee of health is like having to unlearn a previous life.The implications for your working life may seem intimidating. There is the disability Discrimination Act (DDA),of course.But does it really provide the

2012年12月大学英语四级听力原文+答案

Section A 11. W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in the east end of the town. There are a lot of roses in bloom. M: Why don’t we walk over there and see for ourselves? Q: What will the speakers probably do? 答案：C. Go to the park to enjoy the flowers. 点评：对话中女士介绍了一处漂亮的公园，从男士的回答“为什么不去看看呢？”可以判断，接下去两人可能会去这个公园。see for 看见 12. M: My presentation is scheduled for 9:30 tomorrow morning at the lecture hall. I hope to see you there. W: Oh, sorry. I was about to tell you that I have an appointment wi th my dentist at 9:00 o’clock tomorrow. Q: What do we learn about the woman? 答案：C. She cannot attend the presentation. 点评：从对话中可知，女士九点要去看牙医，无法参加男士的讲座了。 13. W: How long have you been running this company? M: Twenty years if you can believe that. I brought it from a small operation to what it is today. Q: What do we learn about the man? 答案：B. He is a very successful businessman. 点评：从对话中可知，男士经营这家公司20年了，而且成功把公司从一家小公司发展到了现在较大的规模。run v. 经营，管理 14.

2012年12月英语四级真题试卷(第三套)

Suffering in silence Despite a law designed to protect them, many people with disabling conditions are unaware of their rights. Carole Concha-Bell tells of her experiences. Being diagnosed v. 诊断；被诊断为（diagnose的过去分词）with a disabling condition is always a shock. Learning to live without the guarantee of health is like having to unlearn vt. 忘却；抛掉以前的想法；去掉…的弊习a previous life. The implications n. 蕴涵式；暗指，暗示；含蓄，含意； 卷入for your working life may seem intimidating 吓人的、令人不安的. There is the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) 残障歧视法, of course. But does it really provide the protection in the workplace that parliament n. 议会，国会intended v. 打算；准备? Are employers merely paying lip service to 口头上承认the DDA? Or are they even aware of an employer's legal duties and responsibilities义务与责任? In my experience, it is the latter. I have received little support from employers to whom I have revealed v. 透 露（reveal的过去式）；显示my condition. This has often left me feeling at a disadvantage and wondering adj. 疑惑的；觉得奇怪的why I bothered doing so in the first place 首先，第一，原本. I had been struggling with illness long before 很早以前；在…以前很久I was diagnosed. In practical terms 实际上；在实践中the diagnosis did little to aid me有助于. Of course, it enabled me to understand my body, my limitations and set me on a course to stabilize vt. 使…坚固；使…安定；装稳定器my symptoms. But it brought a new dilemma n. 困境；进退两难；两刀论法. Where I had previously struggled to work while ill, ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的of why my body was misbehaving vi. 作弊；行为不礼貌, I now had a name for my daily struggle: Lupus (狼疮). This is a chronic (慢性的) auto-immune 自身免疫的disorder that can affect virtually adv. 事实上，几乎；实质上any system in the body. It also leaves a huge, dark question hanging over my head when seeking employment: should I tell my employers I have a condition? It is a dilemma that continues to be a root cause of anxiety [??'za??t?] both for myself and for thousands of other UK employees. The rocky road 坎坷崎岖的路to my unfortunate enlightenment about work and disability began just after graduatio n n. 毕业；毕业典礼；when I'd set my sights on a career in communications and landed my dream job with a respected p ublic relations consultancy (咨询公司) in Bristol. But while I was learning the art of media relations, my body w asn't quite making it in health terms. I often went to work with swollen limbs n. [解剖] 四肢and fevers. At my first a nd last performance review 服务表现检讨；业绩评价, my boss was amazed that, despite my many capabilities, I hadn't quite taken control of my responsibilities. A few months later, my contract n. 合同；婚约wasn't renewed and I plunged 投入；跳 进；使陷入further into new depths of ill health. However, I was determined not to be beaten and returned to the interview trail. My next job was in publishing. But despite a shining adj. 光亮的；华丽的performance at the interview, I felt like a fraud n. 欺骗；骗子；诡计. How long would it be before I sank into ill health and depression n. 沮丧；洼地；不景气；忧愁again? The job was to end with a monumental adj. 不朽的；纪念碑的；非常的bang when I became so poorly I could no longer f unction n. 功能；[数] 函数；vi. 运行；活动；. A few feverish adj. 发热的；极度兴奋的weeks in bed ended in specialist appointment, where I was diagnosed with Lupus and rushed into hospital for fear that 生怕，唯恐；以免；以防万一it may have attacked my interna l adj. 内部的；内在的；国内的organs. The next 12 months were filled with confusion n. 混淆，混乱；困惑. I had no idea about benefits, felt alienated (被视为另类) by the medical establishment 医疗机构and lived off 靠……生活my savings until I was broke. I realized 意识I needed help from my family and moved to London. As soon as I felt better, I marched into a marketing recruitment n. 补充；征募新兵consultancy n. 咨询公司；顾问工作and, within 10 minutes, I had impressed the interviewer enough to be offered a job with the agency. We agreed on a decent adj. 正派的；得体的；相当 好的salary and I told him I had arthritis (关节炎) and would need to work a four-day week. Things went well at the start but soon the client 客户meetings began to fall on my day off, and I rarely le ft the office on time. I began to slip both in health and professional terms n. 术语；学期；期限；条款. The 10-hour days cras hed around my head; no amount of make-up 化装化妆组成could disguise my ill health as I battled against the odds迎 难而上，成败之际，冲破万重的困难to prove to myself that I could still make it in the business world. I often cried on the bus on 不久前my contract was due to be made permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的；不变的, I was called to the boss's office and given the "talk" about how my performance n. 性能；绩效；表演；执行was slipping, how awful I looked. I

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2014年12月时事政治汇总

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2012年12月英语四级真题答案

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2012年12月英语六级真题及解析

2012年12月大学英语六级考试真题 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Man and Computer by commenting on the saying, “The real danger is not tha t the computer will begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the computer.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Man and Computer Part II Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）（15 minutes）Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on A nswer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Thirst grows for living unplugged More people are taking breaks from the connected life amid the stillness and quiet of retreats like the Jesuit Center in Wernersville, Pennsylvania. About a year ago, I flew to Singapore to join the writer Malcolm Gladwell, the fashion designer Marc Ecko and the graphic designer Stefan Sagmeister in addressing a group of advertising people on “Marketing to the Child of Tomorrow.” Soon after I arrived, the chief executive of the agency that had invited us took me aside. What he was most interested in, he began, was stillness and quiet. A few months later, I read an interview with the well-known cutting-edge designer Philippe Starck. What allowed him to remain so consistently ahe ad of the curve? “I never read any magazines or watch TV,” he said, perhaps with a little exaggeration. “Nor do I go to cocktail parties, dinners or anything like that.” He lived outside conventional ideas, he implied, because “I live alone mostly, in the middle of nowhere.” Around the same time, I noticed that those who part with $2,285 a night to stay in a cliff-top room at the Post Ranch Inn in Big Sur, California, pay partly for the privilege of not having a TV in their rooms; the future of travel, I’m reliably told, lies in “black-hole resorts,” which charge high prices precisely because you can’t get online in their rooms. Has it really come to this? The more ways we have to connect, the more many of us seem desperate to unplug. Internet rescue camps in South Korea and China try to save kids addicted to the screen. Writer friends of mine pay good money to get the Freedom software that enables them to disable the very Internet connections that seemed so emancipating not long ago. Even Intel experimented in 2007 with conferring four uninterrupted hours of quiet time (no phone or e-mail) every Tuesday morning on 300 engineers and managers. Workers were not allowed to use the phone or send e-mail, but simply had the chance to clear their heads and to hear themselves think. The average American spends at least eight and a half hours a day in front of a screen, Nicholas Carr notes in his book The Shallows. The average American teenager sends or receives 75 text messages a day, though one girl managed to handle an average of 10,000 every 24 hours for a month. Since luxury is a function of scarcity, the children of tomorrow will long for nothing more than intervals of freedom from all the blinking machines, streaming videos and scrolling headlines that leave them feeling empty and too full all at once. The urgency of slowing down—to find the time and space to think—is nothing new, of course, and wiser souls have always reminded us that the more attention we pay to the moment, the less time and energy we have to pla ce it in some larger context. “Distraction is the only thing that consoles us for our miseries,” the French philosopher Blaise Pascal wrote in the 17th century, “and yet it is itself the greatest of our miseries.” He also famously remarked that all of man’s problems come from his inability to sit quietly in a room alone. 1

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