初中语法题目整理
一、一般现在时
1. We won’t go unless you_______ soon.
A. coming
B. came
C. will come
D. come
2. Japan ________ to the east of China.
A lie
B lies C. lying D.lied
3. The plane to Shanghai _________ at 8:30.
A. leaves
B. leaving
C. will leave
D. leave
二. 一般过去时
4. It ______ Yang Liwei about 21hours _____ the earth 14times in his spaceship.
A. spent; circling
B. took; traveling.
C. spent; to travel.
D. took; to circle.
5. —Your phone number again? I _____ quite catch it. —it’s 69568442.
A didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t. D. can’t.
6. He said he______ me a present unless I ________ in doing the experiment.
A. had not given; had not succeeded
B. would not give; succeed.
C. will not give; succeed
D. would not give; will succeed.
7. There _____ no bus stop here year. A. is B. was. C. are D. were
8. She said that they_____ a good time. A .had B. has C. have D. will have
9. Mike _____ until his father came back.
A. went to bed.
B. doesn’t go to bed.
C. didn’t go to bed
D. wouldn’t go to bed.
10. My sister________ and _____ herself when she was riding her bike yesterday.
A. falls…hurt.
B. falls…hurts.
C. has fallen…hurt.
D. fell…hurt.
11. He __________ with us yesterday morning.
A. doesn’t go swimming.
B. goes swimming.
C. didn’t go swimming.
D. went to swimming
12. _____ your parents in Shanghai last year? A. Is B. Are C. Was D. Were
13. Tom ______ (match) TV at home last night. He _____ (go ) nowhere.
14. When I ______ (be) young, I often ______ (play) football.
15. He _______ (be) not with me at that time.
16. She ______(give) Mary a present last Christmas.
17. It ______ (happen) an hour ago.
18.They ________ (go ) to the par last Sunday.
19. I __________ (have) a good time last holiday.
20. Mrs. Li _______ (live) here many years ago.
21. ____ he ____ (do) his homework yesterday? No, he _____(not finish) it.
22. Father_______ (get) a letter from my sister last week.
23. Who ________ (break) the window just now?
24. It was very cold, so he ________ on his coat (put).
25. The bed wasn’t good, I_____ very well. (sleep).
26. Bob was very wasn’t interesting. They____ in very much. (enjoy)
27. I went to Lily’s flat, but she ________ there (be).
28. He was in a hurry, so she __________time to cook for you (have).
三. 一般将来时.
28. When we get our tickets, be marked “first class”______.
A. it is to.
B. it will.
C. they were to.
D. they will.
29. Look! The woman with curl hair over there _____ us a talk about DNA.
A. is about to give.
B. would give.
C. was going to give.
D. had given.
30. She ______ me _______ at the airport this evening.
A. is seeing; out.
B. is seeing; off.
C. sees; off.
D. will see; out.
31. She _____ to the cinema with her classmates tomorrow evening.
A. went.
B. would go.
C. has gone.
D. will go.
32. There______ a basketball match in our school the day after tomorrow.
A. will have.
B. will be.
C. is going to have.
D. would be.
33. They______ a new bridge over the river next year.
A. have built.
B. are going to build.
C. are building.
D. were going to build.
34. We ______ to the Great Wall f it_____ tomorrow.
A. don’t go; rains.
B. won’t go; rains.
C. are building.
D. go; doesn’t rain.
35. Either you or he_____ there tomorrow.
A. go.
B. goes.
C. are going.
D. is going.
36. A present ______ to me by Mother next week.
A. will give.
B. is given.
C. will be give.
D. will be given.
37. I won’t______ (be) free tomorrow.
38. The students_____ (have) a meeting this weekend.
39. Lily ______( stay) with me tonight.
40. It’s going to _____(rain) this evening.
41. We are going to ______ (visit) the Summer Palace next Monday.
42. She is going to ______( help) Tim again on Sunday.
43. Jim ______(see) a film tomorrow.
44.We ______(visit) our teacher next Sunday.
45. _______ you _______(need) me to help you?
46. They ______(not go ) there if it snows tomorrow.
47. There _______ (be) a meeting tomorrow morning.
48. She_____ (come) here soon.
四．过去将来时.
49. They _______ the game when rain.
A. were about to start.
B. were about start.
C. were to starting.
D. was about to starting.
50. He was 8. In two years he _____10.
A. will go
B. would go
C. has gone
D. goes
51. The teacher said that she ______ us to the park the next day.
A. will take.
B. has taken.
C. would take.
D. is taking.
52. Mr. Brown asked who ____ the message to Mr. Evans.
A. was going to talk
B. has taken
C. could give
D. will tell
53. —What did the scientist say? —He said he wondered if_____ into space by spaceship one day.
A. he had to fly.
B. he could fly.
C. can he fly.
D. could he fly.
54. He said there_____ another new school near the soon.
A was. B. had been. C. would be. D. was having.
55. He told us that he_____(go) to London next month.
56. She said there ______(be) a new play that evening.
57.Mrs. Lee hoped that her son_____(come) to see her very soon.
58.We asked them what_____(happen) next.
59.That woman bodyguard told when she ______( let) us in if we could show her the passes.
60.Tony wanted to know when she ______( visit) the exhibition again.
五．现在进行时
61. Dictionary __________ I have looked for it everywhere but still _________it.
A. has lost; don’t find.
B. is missing’don’t find.
C. has lost; haven’t found.
D. is missing; haven’t found.
62. My wife __________.
A. has forever criticized me.
B. forever criticizes me.
C. does forever criticize me.
D. is forever criticizing me.
63.Look! Li Lei ______ Jim with his Chinese.
A. is helping.
B. has helped
C. is going to help.
D. would help. 64. Stay here boy Don’t go out It ______ now.
A. will rain.
B. is going to rain.
C. has rained.
D. is raining.
65. The students of Class 3______ a football game now Let’s go and watch it.
A. are having.
B. will have.
C. is having.
D. will be had.
66. Miss Gao _____ she’s working.
A. isn’t sleeping.
B. doesn’t sleep
C. is sleeping
D. sleeps.
67.The child ____ on the same clothes? A. put on. B. putting on C. went. D. wearing.
68. Are all the twins ______the same clothes? A. put on. B. putting on. C. wear. D. talls.
69. The students____(read) English in the classroom now.
70.“What are you doing here?”“I _____(wait) for Tom.”
71. Those students ______ (work) in a factory these days.
72.More and more American people______(give) up smoking.
73. Ms Lee ____(come) to see us tomorrow And she ______ (leave) for Beijing the day after tomorrow.
74. The Whites ______(go ) to the concert this coming Saturday.
75.Look. A boy ______(write) on the wall.
76.Listen The baby_______(cry).
77.______they _____ (do) their homework now?
78. ——What ______he _______(play) now? ——He_______ (play) basketball.
79.Jenny ________(not watch) TV now.
80.Don’t make any noise My father ______(sleep).
六．过去进行时.
81.——I didn’t see you at the meeting yesterday, why? ——I ____for a long distance call then from my from my daughter in Canada.
82.Mary _____a dress when she cut her finger. A. made. B. is making. C. was making. D. makes.
83.As she _____ the newspaper Granny ____ asleep.
A. read; was falling.
B. was reading; fell.
C. was reading; was falling.
D. read; fell.
84.James has just arrived but I didn’t know he______ until yesterday.
A. will come.
B. was coming.
C. had been coming. D, comes.
85.When the teacher came in the students______
A talk
B are talking
C were talking
D will talk
86.——Were you writing a letter at 9 last night? ——No, I ______.
A. were.
B. was.
C. wasn’t
D. weren’t.
87.Wang Lin and Hong ________ for us when we got to the school gate.
A. is waiting.
B. were waiting.
C. are waiting.
D. was waiting
88.My mother ______ breakfast while I ______ face this morning.
A. cooked; was washing.
B. was cooking; was washing.
C. was cooking; washed.
D. would cook; was washing.
89.Joan ______ Tom with his lessons at this time yesterday.
A. was going to help.
B. was helping.
C. would help.
D. has helped.
90.When I went to Linda’s She____ in bed reading.
A. is lying.
B. has lain.
C. is going to lie.
D. was lying.
91. He ______(do) his homework at two o’clock yesterday afternoon.
92.They_____(have) a meeting from 8 to 10 last night.
93.Mary_____(watch) TV when we came in.
94.I ______( wash) my clothes this time yesterday.
95.At that time the boy______(play) football.
96.While we______ (talk) with Mr. Wang in English, a foreigner came up.
七现在完成时.
96. —What a nice bike! How long ____ you _____ it? —Just two weeks.
A. will; buy.
B. did; buy.
C. are; having.
D. have; had.
97. —Do you know our town at all? —No this is the first time I________ here.
A. was.
B. have been.
C. came.
D. am coming.
98.—Have you ______ been to our town before? —No, it’s the first time I _____ here.
A. even; come.
B. even; come.
C. ever; come.
D. ever; have come.
99.—May I go to play tennis with you, Dad? ——_____ you _____ your composition yet?
A. Are; finishing.
B. Did; finish.
C. Will; finish.
D. Have; finished.
100. You don’t need to describe her I ________ her several times.
A. had met.
B. have met.
C. met.
D. meet.
101.—I’m sorry to keep you waiting. —Oh, not at all. I _____ here only a few minutes.
A. have been.
B. had been.
C. was.
D. will be.
102. Mr. Li isn’t here. He ____ to England.
A. has been.
B. have been .
C. has gone.
D. have gone.
103. Mike ______ several places since he came to Beijing.
A. will visit.
B. has visited.
C. is visiting.
D. visited.
104. ——_____your brother_____ a new watch? ——Not yet.
A. Have; was.
B. Did; buy.
C. Has; bought.
D. Will, buy.
105. He _____ here in 1980. He _____ a teacher for over twenty years.
A. came; was.
B. came; has been.
C. has come; is.
D. has come; has been.
106. Lucy _____ many friends since she went to Paris.
A . made. B. is going to make C. has made. D. makes.
107. She _____ the dictionary to Alice yet.
A. has retuned.
B. hasn’t retuned.
C. would return
D. returned.
108. She said, “I’m sorry to hear that he_____ ill for two weeks.”
A. has been.
B. had been.
C. was.
D. will be.
109. ——Mum? May I go out and play basketball? ——______ you _____ your
homework yet?
A. Do; do.
B. Are; doing.
C. Did; do.
D. Have; done.
120. He ______(go) to see Ms Lee and he’ll be back in two hours.
121. Great changes ______ (take) place in my hometown since 1996.
122. Ms Black ______(teach) maths for 21years.
123. He ______(be) to Paris five times.
124. He joined the army then he was 18. He _____(be0 an army man many years.
125. I don’t want to see the film because I ______(see) it I saw it last Monday.
126. He______(live) in Beijing since he was born.
127. We_______ (not hear) from them for a long time.
128. The Greens______ (be) to Shanghai twice.
129. Where is your father? He _____(go) to England.
130. How long____ you____ (learn) English?
131. They _____(not see)for years.
八．过去完成时.
132. The students____ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _____ in the office. A. had written; left. B. writing; has left. C. had written; had left. D. were writing; had left.
133. I had hoped _____ my letter.
A. her to answer.
B. that she answer.
C. that she would answer.
D. her answering.
134. By the time school _____ over, the rain_____, so I didn’t use my raincoat.
A. has been.
B. had been.
C. be.
D. would be.
135. The film _____ on for ten minutes when Jack got to the cinema.
A. has been.
B. had been.
C. be.
D. would be.
135.——Did you _____ the concert last night? ——Very much I _____ to a concert for a long time.
A. enjoy; haven’t gone.
B. enjoy; haven’t been.
C. enjoy; hadn’t gone.
D. enjoyed; didn’t go. 136. It_____ nice to see John yesterday I ____ him for a long time.
A. was; haven’t seen.
B. had been; haven’t seen.
C. was; hadn’t seen.
D. had been; hadn’t seen. 137. Last right I ____ studying at 9:30 Bill came at 9”50 By the time came I _____ my homework.
A. finished; finished.
B. would finish; finished.
C. had finished; had finished.
D. finished; had finished.
138. He told me he ____ (meet) her before.
139. She thanked me for what I ____( do) for her son.
140. I ____(learn) 300 English words by the end of last month.
141. He____ (leave) his office when I arrived there.
142.She ____ (visit) the city three times before she died in 1997.
143. They knew she _____ (borrow) a lot of money for her daughter.
144.We _____(give) some flowers for our teachers last Teacher’s Day.
145.What ______you_____(do)`tomorrow?
146.I ______(drink) a bottle of orange yesterday.
147. He______ (go) to the zoo last Sunday.
148.Look Tom______(draw) a picture.
149.Kate______(write) a letter now.
150.Listen who _____(sing) an English song?
151.She_____(catch) the first bus every morning.
152.They often _____(fly) kites in spring.
153.He_____(be) an American boy He _____(come) from New York.
154.He is in Beijing now He often_____(write)letters to his in English.
155.Don’t make any noise Your father_____(work).
156.We_____(know) each other since ten years ago.
157.I heard that Jim ______(go) to England the next year.
158.They_____(take) that old man to the hospital last Monday.
159.It______(rain0 hard when I went home the day before yesterday.
160.When we got to the cinema, the film____ already ___(begin).
161.Who ____(teach) us English next term?
162.1 _____(not tell) him anything.
163.______ you ______(like) something to drink Mary?
164He_____(can come) earlier tomorrow morning.
165.There ____(be) sure he______(find) a good job when he _____(return) to his home.
166. I_____(be)sure he_____(find)a good job when he_____(return) to his home-town.
167. ——How many times _____ your sister _____(be) to the Summer Palace? ——Twice She ____(go) there in 2003 and 2006
168.I _____(be) sorry______(hear) that you ______(be) ill for two days,. If you ____(not feel) well tomorrow you _____(not go) to work..
169. Look that boy_____ (make) faces.
170.Tom draws best in his class _____he?
171.One day a farmer______ (walk) in a mountain near his home when he_____(see) a ba-by bird.
172.My mother said she ______(do) some waking if it ______( not rain) the next day.
173.Tom ____(go) to Shanghai already I think he_____-(write) to me as soon as he______(reach)there.
174. I don’t know your friend Jack I _____never_____(meet)him.
175. After he had read this book he _____(return)it to the library.
176 .She always______(get0 on well with her classmates.
177. Don’t worry He______(catch) up with the other soon.
178.The glass is broken It _______(break) by my brother.
179.Students_____(have)ten minutes’rest between classes.
180.What_____ you______(do) when I called you yesterday evening?
181.Look! The train ______ just_____(arrive).
182.She_____ ______ (pick) apples in her garden when we went to see her yesterday.
183.Please be quick or you _____ (be) late for the meeting.
184. I _____ (read) the book already How long____ you______(read) it?
185.Could you tell me what time he____(come) tomorrow? Please let me know as b soon as he ____ (come) here tomorrow.
186.There ____(be) great changes I our city since 1978.
187.My son studies in CanadA I ______-(not hear) from him for a long time.
188. Thanks a lot It’s rainy again It_______(rain0 for a long time.
189. Look! They ____(dig) potatoes in the fields.
190.We_____(have) a good time in Kunming on May Day this year.
191.In much of China winter_____(last) from November to January.
192.—Shall we go on a picnic this weekend? ——Good idea unless it _____.
A. rains.
B. will rain.
C. doesn’t rain.
D. won’t rain.
193.—Hi Kate You look tired What’s the matter? ——I _____ well last night.
A .didn’t sleep B. don’t sleep C. haven’t slept D. won’t rain.
194.—Have you read this book? ——Yes, I ____it two weeks ago.
A. is reading.
B. have read.
C. will read.
D. read.
195.—Is this your coat, sir? ——No, Mine____ over there near the window.
A. hangs.
B. is hanging
C. will read.
D. read.
197.Frank _____ a film he’s free next Saturday. A. see. B. saw. C. has seen. D. will see. 198. Could you please tell me how soon______?
A. is your brother back from Britain
B. your brother is back from Britain.
C. will your brother be back form Britain.
D. your brother will be back from. Britain
199. Bad luck! We______ Mount Emei when it rained heavily.
A. climbed.
B. were climbing.
C. are climbing
D. have climbed.
200.—Is that Jack speaking? ——Sorry, he______ London But he’ll be back in two days.
A. has been to.
B. has changed.
C. has been in.
D. went to.
201. ——Do you know where the twins are? ——Yes They _____ Fuzhou.
A. have gone to.
B. have been to
C. have borrowed.
D. went to.
202. ——When did you borrow the English story –book? ——I borrowed it last week I _____ in for a week.
A. have been to
B. has gone to
C. has been in
D. had.
203.—May I speak to Mr Green? —Sorry, he _____London But he’ll be back in two days.
A. has been to
B. has gone to.
C. has been in
D. went to.
204. Since 2000 Nanchang has become a new city Everything ______.
A. is changed.
B. was changed
C. has changed
D. had changed.
205. Mr Read knows Taizhou very well He____ here many times.
A. is.
B. will come.
C. came.
D. has been.
206. Henry ____ a birthday card for Sam yesterday.
A. has bought.
B. buys.
C. bought.
D. will buy.
207. It’s winter now but it _____ in my hometown.
A. snows.
B. isn’t snowing
C. snowed
D. doesn’t snow.
208. Tom ______ his homework after breakfast.
A. don’t.
B. doesn’t.
C. don’t do.
D. doesn’t do.
209. Jenny_____ a letter to her mother three days ago.
A. wrote .
B. writes. C .write. D. has written.
210. He____ with us yesterday morning.
A. doesn’t go swimming.
B. goes swimming.
C. didn’t go swimming.
D. went to swimming. 211.Mr friend _____ the army in 1989. A. joins. B. join. C. joined. D. has joined. 212. There _____a basketball match in our school the day after tomorrow.
A. will have.
B. will be
C. is going to have
D. would be.
213._______ you _____ us a talk this afternoon?
A .Are; going B. Are; given C. Will; give D. Were; going to give
214.Don’t make any noise Grandma_____.
A. has slept
B. is slept
C. will sleep
D. is sleeping.
215.Mike______ several places since he came to Beijing.
A will visit
B has visited
C is visiting D. visited
216—Where’s your father? ——He______ to Paris A go B goes C went D has gone 217 ——____your brother _____a new watch? ——Not yet
A. Have; bought.
B. Did; buy.
C. Has; bought
D. will; buy.
218. Great changes ______ in our city since 1980.
A. have taken place
B. has taken place.
C. took place
D. will take place.
219. He______ here in 1980 He_____ a teacher for over ten years.
A. came; was.
B. came; has been
C. has come; is.
D. has come; has been.
220. She _____ the dictionary to Alice yet.
A. has returned.
B. hasn’t retuned.
C. would return.
D. returned.
221. She said: ”I’m sorry to hear that he_____ ill for two weeks.’
A. has been.
B. had been.
C. was.
D. will be.
222. Bill was listening to the radio while Ann _____TV.
A. watched.
B. has watched
C. was watching.
223.As soon as I get there I ____you.
A. telephone.
B. telephoned.
C. have telephoned.
D. will telephone.
224. I ____ ill last week. A. am. B. will be. C. was. D. were.
225. He said that he____ the book to the library.
A. returns.
B. returned.
C. has returned.
D. will return.
226. The teacher said the earth____ around the sun.
A. move.
B. moved.
C. moving.
D. moves.
227. I’ll come to see you as I ______ back.
A .will be. B. am being. C. was. D. am.
228.I’m very glad because I have______ my lost key.
A. founded.
B. found.
C. find.
D. finded.
229.It was said that the Second World War_____ out in 1939.
A. break.
B. found.
C. broken.
D. was broken.
230. When I ____ along the street I happened to meet an old friend.
A. will come.
B. is coming.
C. are watching
D. watching.
231. I’ll tell Mrs Green about it as soon as she_______ back.
A. will come.
B. is coming.
C. are watching.
D. watches.
232. They usually_____ TV in the evening.
A. watch.
B. will watch.
C. are watching.
D. watches.
243. ——He came early this morning didn’t he? ——Yes, he did .He often ____to school early.
A. come.
B. comes.
C. came.
D. has come.
244. This is Miss Gao She___ your new teacher. A. be. B. does. C. isn’t. D. doesn’t.
245. ——Hi Kate. ——Hi Mary I____ you arte here.
A. don’t know
B. don’t think.
C. think.
D. didn’t know.
246. Mother said that cooking ______much time every day.
A. paid.
B. spent.
C. made.
D. took.
247. He_____ wait until the rain_______.
A. won’t; will stop.
B. won’t stop.
C. will; stops.
D. will; will stop.
248. If it _____ tomorrow I’ll go by car.
A. rain
B. will rain.
C. rains.
D. would rain.
249. There_______ a table with three legs in Jenny’s room.
A. is
B. are.
C. has
D. have.
250. Mike had nothing for breakfast_______?
A. does he
B. did he.
C. didn’t he
D. had he.
251.I don’t know if she ______me when she_______.
A. tells; arrives
B. tells; will arrive.
C. will tell; will arrive
D. will tell; arrives.
252. If she_____ get up early enough she will not be able to catch the early bus.
A. doesn’t.
B. didn’t.
C. won’t.
D. don’t.
253. What did you did last night she will not be able to catch the early bus.
A. doesn’t.
B. didn’t.
C. won’t.
D. don’t.
254. The Whites _____ many places of interest since they came to China.
A. have visited
B. will visit.
C. visited.
D. visit.
255. They _____ home two hours ago. A .go. B. went. C. going. D. goes.
256.Never trouble me while I ______ in my room!
A. will sleep.
B. asleep.
C. am sleeping.
D. slept.
257. ——Where’s Li Lei? ——He_____ his sports shoes in the room He____ football with his friends.
A. is putting on; is playing.
B. puts on; will play.
C. is putting on; will play.
D. put on; played. 258. He has____ for two years Two years____ a long time.
A. left home; are.
B. left home; is.
C. been away from home; is.
D. been away from home’are.
259 How long _____the film_______?
A .did; begin. B. has; begun. C. has; been on. D. has; been.
260.—How do you like Beijing Mr Black? —Oh, I ____________ Such a beautiful city.
A. don’t visit.
B. didn’t visit.
C. haven’t visited.
D. hadn’t visited.
261.——I have bought an English –Chinese dictionary. ——When and where ____you _____it?
A. do; buy.
B. did; buy.
C. have; bought.
D. will; buy.
262.When_____ the accident______ ?
A. was; happened.
B. has; happened.
C. did; happen.
D. was; happening.
263.It’s seven o’clock Jim _____ lunch now.
A. is having.
B. are having.
C. have.
D. has.
264. _____ he_____ the doctor the day before yesterday?
A. Have; seen.
B. Has; seen.
C. Did; see.
D. Does; see.
265.They won’t go to the Great Wall if it____ tomorrow.
A. rain.
B. raining.
C. rains.
D. will rain.
266.Mr. Black _____China for many years.
A. has been to.
B. has gone to.
C. has been in.
D. has come to.
267. That building _____ two years ago but it looks quite old now.
A. built.
B. was built.
C. is built.
D. builts
268. How long____ you______ the bicycle? About two weeks.
A. have; had.
B. have; bought.
C. did; buy.
D. have; get.
269.The old woman____ for ten years. A. has died. B. was dying C. died D. has been dead. 270.
I ___ you for a long time Where______ you_______?
A. didn’t see; did; go.
B. didn’t see; have; gone.
C. haven’t seen; have.
D. haven’t seen; have; gone been.
271. ——Where were you I July last year? ——This time last year my family and I _____my grand parents in New York
A. was visiting B visited. C. had visited. D. were visiting.
272. There ____ a parents meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A .are. B. will have C. is going to be.
273. He asked me______ during the winter holidays.
A. where I had gone.
B. where I had been.
C. where had I gone.
D. where had I been. 274. I don’t think if he_______ here next week.
A. comes.
B. came.
C. will come.
275. He______ to your office tomorrow afternoon please wait for him.
A. coming
B. will.
C. will come.
D. come.
276. Li Hua ______ in the factory since she left school ten years ago.
A. works.
B. worked.
C. has worked
D. had worked.
277.She says that she ______ to Beijing next week. A. has gone. B. will go. C. goes.
278.My uncle _____ to see me He’ll be here soon.
A. is coming.
B. comes. C .has come . D. came.
279. Tudy ______ the Great Wall twice and now she still _____ to go there.
A. went to; wanted.
B. goes to; wants.
C. has gone to; wants.
D. has been to; wants. 280.We______TV when the telephone_____.
A watched was ringing. B. were watching; rang. C watch; rings. D are watching; rang. 281. ——When ____ Mr. Harris _____the town for Sydney? ——I think it_____ last December.
A. did; leave; was.
B. did; leave; is.
C. has; left; was.
D. does; leave; is.
282. Listen! Someone_______ in the next room.
A. cry
B. is crying.
C. are crying.
D. crying.
283. Look! The bird_____ in the next room. A. cry. B. is crying. C. are crying. D. crying. 284. It’s seven o’clock Tim______ breakfast now. A. is having B. are having. C. have. D. has. 285. ——You’re smoking No one______ me but you. ——Only at home No one_____ me but you. A. is seeing. B. had seen. C. sees. D. saw.
286. The class______ before Tom _______into the classroom.
A. began; was talking.
B. had begun; walked.
C. begins; walks.
D. was beginning; walked. 287. Mr Li is out But he____ here ten minutes ago. A.went. B. has gone. C. has been.
D. would go.
288. Miss Gao isn’t here She______ to the station to meet Mr Brown.
A. went.
B. has gone.
C. has been.
D. would go.
289. I ____ a letter from him since he left.
A. didn’t have
B. haven’t got.
C. didn’t have.
D. haven’t heard.
290. If my parents_____ free tomorrow we_____ for a picnic.
A. are; go.
B. are; will go.
C. will be; will go.
D. will be; go.
二被动语态.
291. Your bike needs_______. A. to repair. B. to be repaired. C. repaired. D. repairing. 292 Girls ______. A. are wanted. B. wanted. C. wanting. D. are wanting.
293. Enough_____ here of this issue. A. has been said B. have been said. C. has said. D. was said. 294.China _______ in 1949. A. liberated B. is liberated C. was liberated D. liberated. 295.Children ______ in China.
A. is taken good care.
B. have taken good care.
C. are taken good care of.
D. must take care of. 296. The bridge______ by the peasants themselves in 1980.
A. was built.
B. will be built.
C. has been built
D. built.
297. When ______ the People’s Republic of China________.
A. was; found.
B. was; founded
C. did; found
D. does; found.
298. Your exercise books______ after class.
A. will hand in.
B. must hand in.
C. handed in.
D. must be handed in.
299 .The light in the room_____ before you leave.
A .must turn off B. will hand in. C. are turned off D. must be turned off.
300. English is a useful language It_____ widely in the world.
A. is spoken.
B. was spoken
C. can speak
D. will speak.
301. This key ______for locking the door.(use)
302.The students clean the room every day. ________________________________________ 303. She gave me a present. _______________________________________
304. The pupils asked the teacher to tell a story. _______________________________________ 305.They will open a new school in the village soon. _______________________________________
306. Have you posted the letters yet? ________________________________________. 307. You can’t see the stars in the daytime. ________________________________________. 308. Children often sing this song. ________________________________________.
309. People all over the world know the Great Wall. ________________________________________.
310. John broke the window. _________________________________________.
311. Tom broke the window. _________________________________________.
312. He told me to wait here for him. _________________________________________. 313. Mary is taking care of the children. __________________________________________. 314. We built a new bridge over the river last year. __________________________________________.
315. People call him Little Old Man. __________________________________________. 316. They do not make this kind of watches in Beijing. __________________________________________.
317. People speak English in almost all the countries in the world. ___________________________________________.
318. Tea grows in China. ____________________________________________.
319. We can finish the work the day after tomorrow. _____________________________________________.
320. Must I do all the exercises? _____________________________________________.
321. You must not take the books out of the library. ______________________________________________.
322. Many young people speak English.. English ______ ______ by many young people
323. You must clean your bedroom every day. Your bedroom must ______ _____ every day. 324. Two years ago we used that machine to make shoes for children. Two years ago that machine ______ ______ shoes for children.
325. The rain made them give up the picnic. _____ _____ ____ _______ give up the picnic. 326. Nobody can carry this box.. This box ______ ______ _______ by _______.
327. They produce silk in Suzhou. Silk _____ _____ in Suzhou.
328. People play basketball all over the world. _______ _______ ______ all over the world. 329. We take good care of our textbooks. _____ ______ _____ _______ good care of.
330. Someone took away the boxes this morning. The boxes____ _____ away by someone this morning.
331. The foreigners can’t understand this word. This word can’t _____ _____ by the foreigners. 332. We should water these flowers every day. These flowers ____ ______ _____ every day. 333. People used metal for making machines. Metal_____ _____ for making machines.
334. Anyone mustn’t forget the history. The history mustn’t______ ______ by anyones. 335. The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he______ to the hospital.
A. takes.
B. is taken.
C. took.
D. was taken.
336. China’s badminton team won the Sudirman Cup for the fifth time; they deserved.
A. to reward.
B. rewarding.
C. to be rewarded
D. being rewarded.
337. Dad, the phone is ringing I guess either you or Mum____ on the phone.
A. is wanted.
B. are wanted.
C. wants.
D. want.
338.—Susan why are you still here/They are all ready to start. ——I’m sorry but I _____ when to meet.
A. don’t tell
B. didn’t tell.
C. haven’t told.
D. wasn’t told.
339. On May 30th 2005 one bowl in the Ming dynasty(明朝)_____ at the price of 30.36 mil-lion Hong Kong dollars.
A sell
B sold
C is sold
D was sold
340. ——My watch______. ——Don’t worry Let’s go to the Lost & Found.
A. is lost.
B. is broken.
C. has found.
D. has stopped.
341. This painting _____ to a museum in New York in 1977.
A. sells.
B. sold.
C. was sold.
D. is sold.
342. Oh the milk _______ strange do you think it’s OK to drink?
A. was tasted
B. tasted.
C. is tasting.
D. tastes.
343. ——Did you go to Jack’s birthday party? ——No I ________.
A. am not invited.
B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t invited
D. didn’t invite.
344. ——Will you come to the dinner party? ——I won’t come unless Jenny_______ . A. will be invited. B. can be invited. C. invited. D. is invited.
345. ——Your city looks beautiful! ——Yes Lots of trees and grass ______ last year.
A. are planted.
B. have planted.
C. were planting.
D. were planted.
346. _______ the _____ trees _______ in the park next Saturday?
A. Will…be planted.
B. Will be…planted
C. Will plant.
D. Will planted.
347. _____ the work ______ by Lily or by Tom? Tell me the truth please.
A. Has’finished.
B. Has; being finished
C. Is; finish.
D. Has; been finished.
348. This watch ______ next Monday.
A. can mended.
B. can be mended
C. can be mend.
D. can be mending.
349. This science book______ good care of.
A. must be take.
B. must take. C .must be taken D. must to be taken.
350. Must older people ______ to politely? A. speak. B. spoken. C. be spoke D. be spoken. 351. The new film______ in this cinema now Why don’t you go in and see it?
A. is showing.
B. is being shown
C. is shown
D. shows.
352 The stars_____ in the daytime A. can’t see. B. can’t see. C. can’t be seen D. see. 353. Trees_______ in spring A plant B were planted C. should be planted D. should plant. 354. Can you tell me_____?
A. when did it happen
B. were planted. C should be planted D should plant
355. Don’t you know sweaters can’t ______ that way?
A. be washed.
B. when it happened.
C. when was it happened.
D. when it was happened. 356. The broken cup______ away by the boy already.
A. has been thrown.
B. is thrown.
C. is being thrown
D. threw.
357. It’s known that the paper for books and magazines ______ from wood.
A. are made.
B. is made .
C. has been made.
D. is being made.
358. That white building____ two years ago but it looks quite old now.
A. built.
B. was built.
C. is built.
359. The floor of our classroom ____ every day.
A. is cleaned
B. planted
C. is planted.
D. are written.
360. Thousands of young trees ____ every year in China.
A. plant.
B. planted.
C. is writing.
D. are written.
361. This work _____ next Monday. A. may finish. B. finish C. finishes. D. may be finished. 362.The medicine_____ in a dry and cool place.
A. must kept.
B. must keep
C. must be kept
D. may be finished.
363. My house____ in 1995 We have lived there for nearly five years.
A. was built.
B. has built.
C. is built.
D. were built.
364.The medicine______ cool clean and dry.
A .must keep B. must be kept C. must be carried. D. must be in.
365. No one knows how the huge rocks_____ and _____ without our modern machine eight hundred years ago.
A. are cut; moved.
B. were cut; move.
C. are cut; moving. D .were cut; moved.
三．祈使句.感叹句.倒装句
366.“Tom_____ afraid of speaking in public You are no longer a small boy.”said Mum.
A. not be.
B. not to be.
C. be not.
D. don’t be.
367. _____ film it is ! A. How moving. B. What moving. C. How a moving. D. What a moving. 368. Not only ____ know English but also French. A he B does he C he does D they
367 Let’s go to school ______? A. shall we. B. will you. C. won’t you. D. do you. 368. “______ fine weather!”she said. A. How. B. How a. C. What. D. What a.
369. Go and______ the TV quickly The volleyball match will begin right away.
A . turn off. B. turn down. C. turn up. D. turn on.
370. Mother said to him “Don’t ______ on football.
A. spend too much time.
B. to spend too much time.
C. spend too many time.
D. to spend too many time.
371. My sister doesn’t like skating______.
A. so do I.
B. so I don’t.
C. neither I don’t
D. neither do I.
372. ---A: I want to do some shopping this afternoon. ---B: _______.
A .So I do. B. I do so. C. I don’t so D. So do I.
373 _____ to meet me at the station I’ll be waiting there
A. Not to forget
B. Not forget.
C. Forget not
D. Don’t forget.
374. _____ a lovely day! A. What. B. How. C. Which. D. When.
375. ______ interesting! A. What. B. How. C. Which. D. When.
376. “_____ late for class again.”Said the teacher.
A .Not to be.
B .Not be. C. Don’t be. D. Won’t be.
377. ______ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk. A. How a . B. How. C .What a. D .What. 378. ——It’s a secret between us Don’t tell anybody. ——_______. A. I do. B. I don’t .
C .I will. D. I won’t.
379. ——Mum ____ is my watch? ——Look It’s on your bed.
A .what. B. where. C. how. D. those.
380. ——Why not go camping this weekend? ——______.
A. You are right.
B. Good idea.
C. That’s right.
D. Never mind.
381. ——Shall I turn down the radio Jane ? It’s a little loud. ——_____. A. No you won’t B. Don’t do that C. No please don’t D. Yes please don’t
382. ——You lent me some money a few months ago. ——_____? I don’t remember lending you any money.
A. Did I.
B. Did you.
C. Do I.
D. Do you .
383. ——Excuse me, is this seat taken? ——_____. That man got his books and left a few minutes ago.
A. I’m afraid so.
B. I don’t think so.
C. I don’t know
D. I hope not.
384. ——Congratulations to you on passing the maths exam. ——______.
A .You’re come. B. Never mind. C. Don’t mention it D. Thank a lot.
385. ——Could you get to the park before 3 o’clock? ——_________. I’m still at the meeting then.
A .I think so. B. Yes, I could C. I’m afraid not D. I’m afraid so .
386. ——______ day it is! ——Let’go out and enjoy the sunshine!
A. What a lovely.
B. How windy
C. What a rainy.
D. How wet.
387. ——Bob, it’s getting cold. _______ take a jacket with you? ——All right, Daddy.
A. why not.
B. What about
C. Would you like
D. You’d better.
388. ——You haven’t been Beijing, have you? ——______ How I wish to go there!
A. Yes, I have.
B. No, I have
C. No, I haven’t.
D. Yes, I haven’t.
389.“Tom,___________ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a small boy,”said Mum.
A .not be B. not to be C. be not D. don’t be
390.——David has made great progress recently. ——_____, and ______.
A. So he has; so you have.
B. So he has; so have you.
C. So has he; so have you.
D. So has he; so you have.
391. Lucy, you clean the blackboard today,_______?
A. do you.
B. did you.
C. will you.
D. can you.
392. ——Zhou Jielun is so cool, I’m his fan. ——______.
A .So do I B. So I do C. So am I D. So I am
393. If Bruce goes scuba diving tomorrow,_______.
A. So will I
B. So do I
C. So I will
D. So I do
394. ——Jacky, look at scuba diving tomorrow,_____. ——Wow.______!
A. How a fat man.
B. What a fat man.
C. How fat man.
D. What fat man.
395. ______ it is today! Let’s go to fly a kite in the park, shall we?
A. What a fine weather.
B. How fine weather. C .How fine a weather. D. What fine weather.
396. _____ wonderful picture! I like it very much.
A .What. B. What a. C. How. D. How a.
397 _____ exciting film it is! A. What an B. What a. C. How an D .How
二．句型转换
1. He is a very strong man._____________________________.
2. They got terrible news._______________________________.
3. The buildings are big and good-looking.__________________.
4. Mary works very hard.________________________________.
5. They are so bury._____________________________________.
6. It is a very interesting film._____________________________.
7. The girl dances very beautifully._________________________.
8 . The boy had lucks last night.____________________________.
三．改成祈使句（每空一词）
1. I want John to give me a cup of tea.______ a cup of tea,_______.
2. You should not forget to turn off the lights.______ to turn off the lights.
3. You’d better not go out at night._______ out at night.
4. We should go now._____ now.
初中语文语法知识(全)
初中语文语法知识——词性 一、词类：有实词与虚词两大类 实词：表示实在的意义，能够作短语或句子的成分能够独立成句。 实词：名动形数量代 虚词：一般不表示实在的意义，不作短语或句子的成分（只有副词例外），它们的基本用途是表示语法关系。 虚词：副叹介助连拟 实词：表示实在的意义，能够作短语或句子的成分，能够独立成句。 二、实词：名词动词形词数词量词代词 1、名词：表示人和事物名称的词 表示人的名称, 如同志、作家、父亲、主人、老李； 表示具体事物，河流、高山、森林、湖泊； 表示抽象事物，如政治、科学、效率、品德、； 表示时间名称，上午、夏天、春天、现在、立春、星期二、刚才； 表示处所名称：上海、中国、颐和园、商店、亚洲、北京； 表示方位名称：上、下、东、西、里、前、内（简称方位词） 名词的语法特点: ①表示人称的名词，可以在后头加“们”表示多数 ②方位词常用在其他名词后头，组成表示处所、范围或时间的方位短语 ③名词一般不受副词修饰 练习：请把在这段文字中的名词找出来。 当国旗升起来的时候，我从一个山村孩子纯朴的敬礼里，我从一个老华侨湿润的凝视里，看到中国深远处的伟力和韧性。 2、动词：是表示动作行为、发展变化、心理活动等意义的词 1、动作动词：表动作、行为。如，走看说进行开始 2、心理活动动词：如，想爱恨怕希望喜欢担心 3、使令动词：表指使、命令或请求。如，使叫让派请求禁止 4、能愿动词（助动词）如，能会可以愿肯敢要应应该（跟动词、形容词等组成能愿短语。如，能够解决） 5、趋向动词：如，来去上进出回过开上来起来 6、判断动词：主要是“是”，以及同“是”相当的“为”等 动词的语法特点： ①动词一般受副词“不”的修饰 ②动词后面可以带“着、了、过”，表示动态 ③一部分动词可以重叠，表示时间短暂或尝试的意思 ④判断词“是”主要是联结句子的主语和宾语 ⑤能愿动词后面不能跟名词，能愿动词可以和后面的动词一起作谓语中心语，也可以单独作谓语中心语 ⑥趋向动词可以单独作谓语中心语，也可以在谓语中心语后面作补语 练习：请把在这段文字中的动词找出来。 有一座破败的山顶小学，很多事情都从简或省略了，唯有国旗每天要升。 3、形容词：是表示事物的形状、性质、状态的词 表示事物形状的：高、矮、胖、瘦弱； 表示事物性质的：红、甜、干净、清楚、漂亮、结实； 表示事物状态的：快、慢、雪白，滚烫，亮晶晶，泪涟涟； 形容词的语法特点： ①一部分形容词可以用重叠形式来加强语义 ②大多数形容词可以受副词“很”修饰
初中语文语法专项练习-打印版
初中语文语法专项练习 为下列各题选择最合适的一项填在括号里。 1．下列短语结构类型完全相同的一项是（） A．不能忘记铺座位卖东西的人讲价钱B．满院狼籍父亲赋闲丧事完毕行李太多 C．他的背影那年冬天流眼泪一个熟识的茶房D．轻松极了听清楚教室明亮站直 2．下列短语结构各不相同的一项是（） A．星光闪烁电闪雷鸣学习文化努力工作B．夜幕低垂广阔天空热爱祖国校园生活 C．遵守纪律历史使命阳光灿烂人民公仆D．团结互助山川秀丽语文教材勤劳善良 3．下面短语结构完全相同的一项是（） A．望着他们抽根棒子几根木棒我们学校B．有气没力皎洁无比欢天喜地膘肥体壮 C．温一碗酒疏导洪水取出布带战胜自然D．空气芬芳傲然耸立黑影晃动祖国美丽 4．“‘流水不腐，户枢不蠹’是说它们在不停的运动中抵抗了微生物或其它生物的侵蚀。”这句话的主语是（）A．主谓短语B．偏正短语C．并列短语D．动宾短语 5．“我们曾经说过，房子是应该经常打扫的。”这句话的谓语是（） A．是B．是应该经常打扫的C．说D．曾经说过，房子是应该经常打扫的。 6．“上面的雨直砸着他的头和臂。”句中的画线部分是（） A．定语偏正短语B．补语动补短语C．谓语主谓短语D．宾语偏正短语 7．“实行‘知无不言，言无不尽’，‘言者无罪，闻者足戒’这些中国人民的有益的格言，正是抵抗各种政治灰尘和政治微生物侵蚀我们同志的思想和我们党的肌体的唯一有效的方法。”这句话的主语是（）A．名词B．偏正短语C．主谓短语D．动宾短语 8．下列句中是单句的一项是（） A．1997年7月1日，我国政府恢复对香港行使主权。 B．实行改革以后，这个厂的产品质量有了很大的提高，获得了较好的经济效益。 C．用这种新颖布料制成的冬装，既轻柔，又暖和。D．坚持认真预习，才能不断提高学习效率。9．下列属于复句的一项是（） A．国务院教育主管部门应当根据社会主义现代化建设的需要和儿童、少年身心发展的状况，确定义务教育的教学制度、教学内容、课程设置。 B．我们认为，如果要提高中学生的学习兴趣，那么指导好他们的课外书籍阅读，特别是诱发他们课外阅读的主动性和积极性，是不可忽视的。 C．在青山苍翠的背景下，白鹭像白云般悄然飞过。D．你有事，先走吧。 10．对下列复句的关系判断正确的是：（） ①高速度地发展我国的科技事业和文教事业，既是十分必要的，也是十分可能的。 ②矛盾是普遍存在的，不过按事物的性质不同，矛盾的性质也不同。 ③阳光映照着雨后的树林，树叶绿得更加鲜艳。 ④除非你亲自去解释，他才会相信。 A．并列转折因果条件B．递进转折条件假设 C．并列转折条件假设D．递进转折因果条件
中学语文语法基础知识
语法基础知识 有朋友 1.语素 语素是语音语义的最小结合体，例如：人、吃、大、十等。语素构成词。语素可以单独成词，也可以与别的语素组合成词，例如：“人”；“人参”。“吃”；“吃亏”。 2.词类 词可分实词和虚词两大类。实词表示实在意义，能够作短语或句子的成分，一般能够独立成句。实词包括名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词、代词。虚词一般不表示实在的意义，它们的基本用途是表示语法关系。虚词包括副词、介词、连词、助词、叹词和拟声词。 (1)名词表示人或事物名称的词。 例如：学生，友谊，早晨，前面等。 (2)动词表示动作、行为、发展变化、心理活动的词。 例如：走，爱，使，能够，起来，是等。 (3)形容词表示性质或状态的词。 例如：美丽，迅速等。 (4)数词表示数目的词。 例如：百，一些，第一等。 (5)量词表示人、事物的单位或动作、行为的单位的词。 例如：尺，趟等。 (6)代词起代替或指示作用的词。 例如：我，什么，这等。 (7)副词用在动词、形容词前头，表示动作、行为或性质、状态的程度、范围、时间、频率、语气、 情貌等。 例如：很，立刻，都，时常，忽然，不，竟等。 (8)介词用在名词(或短语)、代词前头，合起来表示动作行为的起止、方向、处所、时间、对象、目 的等。 例如：从，向，在，把，按照，为了，对于，比，除了等。 (9)连词连接词、短语、句子、表示某种逻辑关系。 例如：和，或者，而且，虽然，但是，因为，所以，只有，如果等。 (10)助词附在词或短语、句子后面表示一定的结构关系或附加意义或语气。 例如：的，地，得，着，了，过，吗，啊等。 (11)叹词表示感叹或呼唤应答的词。
初中语文语法知识3(句子成分练习题汇编)[1]
初中语文语法知识3——句子成分划分练习题汇编 一、把下面各词填入下表： 校园繁忙北京积蓄三万豁亮诚实中间哪里瞻仰战场颓唐 夜晚二分之一斤朵驾驶那里自己坚固起来大伙政治希望 二、用“‖”划开主谓语： （1）西起九江（不含），东至江阴，均是人民解放军的渡江区域。 （2）在一天夜里，他被一陈尖叫声惊醒了。 （3）纽约市通常辉煌通明的帝国大厦今晚熄灭了灯光。 （4）袁隆平视为生命的四分田地，在一个星期天的早晨，还是被那些造反派扫荡一空。 （5）在这样的年月里，我家通年没吃过白米。 （6）他花了三十多年的时间，留意观察日、月以及各行星的运动。 （7）我们的祖国给科学开辟了广阔的前途。 （8）她教给了我生活的知识和革命的道理。 （9）我们中华民族有悠久的历史和优秀的文化传统。 （10）这支部队的先头连就匆匆占领了汽车路边一个很低的光光的小山冈。 （1 三、选择题： 1、结构上全是动宾短语的一组是：（） A、纯洁高尚全面衡量热烈响应热切希望 B、灿烂异彩重放光明热情鼓励放射光芒 C、分析成分巩固胜利战胜敌人散发香气 D、感觉良好完全彻底修饰限制搭配适当 2、主谓短语充当谓语的一项是：（） A、他身材高大。 B、他的身材高大。 C、他有高大的身材。 D、身材高大的就是他。 3、选出对下边句子成分分析正确的一项。（） 十几年来，延安机场上送行的情景时时出现在眼前。 A、这个句子的主语中心语是“情景”，谓语中心语是“出现”，宾语是“在眼前”。 B、这个句子的主语中心语是“延安机场”，谓语中心语是“出现”，补语是“在眼前”。 C、这个句子的主语中心语是“情景”，谓语中心语是“出现”，补语是“在眼前”。 D、这个句子的主语是“十几年来”，谓语是“延安机场送行的情景常常出现在眼前”。 4、下面的词语，从词性上看，分类正确的一组是：（）
(完整版)初中语文语法知识点归纳
1.汉语的发展顺序 汉语的演变过程: 字词短语单句复句多重复句 2.词性 实词分类: 名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词、代词。 一、名词意义及词例: 1、表示人或者具体事物、抽象事物、时间、处所、方位等。 表示人或具体事物:学生河流水果衣服 表示抽象事物:教育交通事物战争和平语法科学民主道德 表示时间:昨天晚上黎明秋天将来刚才 表示处所:郊区附近到处左近 表示方位：东西南北中里外上下前头后头东面西方上边下边以前 二、动词意义及词例： A.表示动作、行为。例如：走打说作保护分析赞成旅行 B.表示存现、发展变化。例如：有存在出现消失灭亡增加缩小扩大下降发展 C.表示心理活动。例如：爱恨想忘记觉得感到希望羡慕憧憬回忆情愿 D.表示使令，简称使令动词。例如：使叫让请派要求命令禁止推选委托任命允许 三.形容词意义及词例： A.表示事物的形状、颜色。例如：高大粗细圆长弯曲宽广鲜红雪白狭窄笔直 B.表示事物的性质。例如：好坏优秀恶劣诚实虚伪狡猾美丽高尚伟大朴素 C.表示事物的状态。例如：迅速敏捷匆忙平静悠闲混乱愉快轻松痛苦疲倦急噪 四.数词 数词的分类：基数词和序数词。 （1）基数词：表数目的多少，（一、二、三）十、百，千，万。（2）分数（二分之一) （3）概数（几、许多、三十上下）（4）倍数（五倍，五十倍） 数目的增加可以用倍数或分数来表示数目的减少只用分数表示 （5）序数词：表序数。如：第一、初五、老大。 五.量词表示人、事物或动作单位的词叫量词。 分类： ①物量词 A 个体量词：只个件间所座 B 集合量词：对双群伙帮副批 C 不定量词：点些 D 度量衡量词：寸亩斗克立方米人次 E 借用量词：杯盘碗桶瓶身手笔刀口屋子堆封卷捧张担铲 ②动量词 A 表示动作行为的量：次趟回遍下阵番遭顿 六.代词 A人称代词：代替人或事物的名称。我你您他她它我们你们您们他们她们它们咱们自己别人人家大家B 疑问代词：用来提出问题 谁什么哪（问人或事物）哪儿那里（问处所）几多（问数量） 多多么（问程度）怎么怎样怎么样（问性质状态）什么怎样什么样（问方式行动） C 指示代词：用来区别人或事物 这那（指人或事物）这儿这里那儿那里（指处所）这会儿那会儿（指时间） 这么这样这么样那么那样那么样（指性质、状态、方式、行动、程度） 这些那些这么些那么些（指数量）每各（指所有的或全体中任何一个）某另别（确有所指，未说明哪一个）
初中语文语法知识汇总(完整版)
初中语文语法知识汇总 什么是语法 语法是词、短语、句子等语言单位的结构规律。 语法单位 语法单位可分为四级：语素、词、短语、句子 一、语素：语言中音义结合的最小单位。构词的备用单位，有的可单独成词。人、民、葡萄。 示例分析: 他坐在沙发里看书。 这是一个较大的语法单位，我们把它尽量小的切分，就成了： 他│坐│在│沙发│里│看│书 切下来的每个部分都有意义，都不能再切分了，是一个个的语素了。这里的“沙发”只是一个语素，是英文的译音，表达一个意义，所以不能再切分。 由此可见语素有两个特点：一是最小、不能再分割了；一是有意义。 语素如果按音节划分，可以分成单音节语素，双音节语素和多音节语素。分别举例如下。 单音节语素：天、地、人、跑、跳、唱、红、白、民、朋、思……这类语素很多，有上万个。 双音节语素，这主要是古代的联绵字和音译外来词。连绵词(指两个音节连缀成义而不能拆开来讲的词) ，如：踌躇、狼狈、葫芦、葡萄、彷徨、徘徊；音译外来词，如：吉他、尼龙、咖啡。 多音节语素，主要是音译的外来词。例如：凡士林、奥林匹克、布尔什维克。 二、词：能够独立运用的最小的语言单位。分为实词、虚词。 实词：实词表示实在的意义，能够作短语和句子成分，能够独立成句。根据实词的不同意义和不同作用，可以分为名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词、代词。 名词是表示人或事物名称的词，如学生、品质、早晨、附近等。人的姓名和专业术语当然也是名词。 动词是表示动作、行为、发展、变化的词，如表演、考虑、存在、让、可能等。 形容词是表示人或事物的性质、状态，或动作、行为、发展、变化的状态的词，如：冷、好、坚硬、全面、漂亮、抑郁等。 数词是表示数目和序的词，如：零、半、百、千、第六等。其中有表示确数的（包括整数、分数和倍数），如：二、三千、二分之一、五倍；有表示概数的，即不确定的数目（约数），如：几、上千、二十来（个），百把（人);有表示序数的，如：第一、初五、老三等。 量词是表示人、事物的单位，或者动作行为的单位的词，如尺、个、次、趟等，其中表示人或事物的计算单位的是物量词，表示动作、行为的计算单位的是动量词。 代词是代替词、短语、句子、句群的词，如：我、谁、这样等。代词有人称代词(我、你、他等)，疑问代词（谁、什么、哪个等），指示代词（这、那、这些、那些等）三类。
中考语文专项训练 语法知识上课讲义
中考语文专项训练（三）语法知识 1、下列各项中正确的一项是（）A．“美丽”“端庄”“晶莹”“升腾”“特别”都是形容词。 B．“红色记忆”“十分可爱”“振兴中华”“医圣遗风”这几个短语的结构相同。C．“我到了自家的房外，我的母亲早已迎着出来了，接着便飞出了八岁的侄儿宏儿。”这句话用了夸张和拟物的修辞手法。D．“十几年来，延安机场上送行的情景时时出现在眼前。”该句的主干是“情景出现在眼前”。 2. 下列各项中正确的一项是（）A．“企盼”“滞留”“仁慈”“禁锢”都属于动词。 B．短语“藏污纳垢”“翻来覆去”“拖泥带水”“繁花似锦”的结构都相同。 C．“电子书改变了信息与知识储存的方式和传播的速度。”这个句子的主干是“电子书改变了方式和速度”。 D．“先生，给现钱，袁世凯，不行吗？”句中“袁世凯”是借喻手法，作用是使银元形象化，给人余味。 3．下列各项中不正确的一项是（）A．“爱我中华”“品德高尚”“洗得发白”“勤俭节约”短语结构各不相同。 B．“赵州桥高度的技术水平和不朽的艺术价值，充分显示了我国劳动人民的智慧和力量。”这个句子的主干是“水平和价值显示智慧和力量”。 C．“蠢笨的企鹅，胆怯地把肥胖的身体躲藏在悬崖底下。”句中“在悬崖底下”充当状语。 D．“母亲把八个孩子一手养大成人，可是她的时间大半被家务和耕种占去了，没法多照顾孩子。”这个复句的第二层是转折关系。 4. 下列各项中正确的一项是（）A．“工匠”“能够”“卖萌”“哪里”“千克”这几个词语依次是名词、动词、形容词、代词、数词。 B．“见异思迁”“杞人忧天”“无所不为”“喜气洋洋”这几个成语都是贬义词。C．“‘打虎．拍蝇．’是党风廉政建设和反腐败工作的重要行动。”句子中加点词使用了比喻义，结合语境，这里的“虎”指位居高层的腐败官员，“蝇”则指身处基层的腐败官员。 D．“我庆幸它居然没有被卖出去，仍四平八 稳地躺在书架上，专候我的光临。”该句运用了拟物的修辞手法，形象生动地表现了“我”对书的热爱和对阅读的渴望。 5. 下列各项中有误的一项是（） A“天边的远处仿佛 ．．．．有一片紫色 ．．的阴影从海里钻．出来。”这个句子中加点词语的词性依次是名词、副词、形容词、动词。B．“绿得发亮”“甩在地上”“万籁俱寂”“遮天蔽日”分别是后补、动宾、主谓、并列短语。 C．“那棵树立在那条路边已经很久了。”这个句子的主干是“树立”。 D．“人在劳动中不断地动脑筋、想办法，才清清楚楚地知道自己做这件事为什么目的，有什么意义，有什么缺点，才渐渐想出节省劳力、提高效率的方法。”这个复句的第一重关系是条件关系。 6. 下列各项中不正确的一项是（）A．“他顺利地通过了这次考试。”“通过这次考试，他发现了问题。”两句中的“通过”词性分别是动词、介词。 B．“家风严谨”“古典文学”“传承文化”“自由民主”“热闹起来”分别是主谓短语、偏正短语、动宾短语、并列短语、动补短语。C．“夜深人静睡不着的时候，何大学问也常常感到阵阵悲凉。”其中，“夜深人静睡不着的时候”是状语，句子的主干是“何大学问悲凉”。 D．“虽然没有什么失职，但总觉有些单调，有些无聊。”这个复句的第二层关系是并列关系。 7. 下列各项中不正确的一项是（） A．“世界 ．．上没有一种 ．．成功是．可以轻易获得 ．．．．的”中加点词的词性分别是名词、数量词、动词、形容词、动词。 B．“放开二胎”“航母远航”“精准扶贫”“治国理政”“稳定下来”短语类型分别是动宾、主谓、偏正、并列、动补。
初中语文语法知识大全
语文语法知识 一、实词与虚词 1.名词 表示人或事物名称的词叫名词。下边划线的词分别表示不同人或事物的名称。 中间挂着一块匾道：三味书屋；匾下面是一幅画，画着一只很肥大的梅花鹿伏在古树下。没有孔子牌位，我们便对着那匾和鹿行礼。 这是闰土的父亲所传授的方法。 正午习字，晚上对课。 表示人名的如“孔子”“闰土”“父亲”；表示处所的如“三味书屋”；表示时间的如“正午”“晚上”；表示方位的如“中间”“下面”；表示事物的如“梅花鹿” “匾”“画”“古树”“牌位”；表示抽象概念的如“方法”。 2.动词动词是表示动作行为、发展变化、心理活动等意义的词。下边划线的词分别表示不同的意义。 他穿上那套漂亮的礼服，原来是为了纪念这最后一课！ 我们大家都有许多地方应该责备自己呢。 想起这些，我多么懊悔！ 走到那边月台，须穿过铁道，须跳下去又爬上去。表示动作行为的如 “穿”“跳”“爬”“走”“纪念”“责备”；表示存在变化的如“有”“增加”“缩小”；表示心理活动的如“想”“懊悔”；表示可能、意愿的如“应该”；表示趋向的如“下去”“上去”；表示判断的如“是”。 3.形容词 形容词是表示事物的形状、性质或状态的词。下边划线的词都是形容词。 这朦胧的橘红的光，实在照不了多远；但这小姑娘的镇定、勇敢、乐观的精神 鼓舞了我，我似乎觉得眼前有无限光明！ 表示形状的如“小”（另外如“大”“高”“圆”等）；表示性质的如“镇定”“勇敢”“乐观”；表示状态的如“朦胧”“橘红”“远”等。 形容词常用来修饰名词。恰当使用形容词，能把人或事物写得具体、生动。 4.代词 注意下边句子中加线的词。 把中国人民的解放事业当作他自己的事业，这是什么精神？ 不少的人……把重担子推给人家，自己挑轻的。 就在这里睡觉？怎么行呢？ 不知什么时候又睡着了。 我以为30里的山就是那么一点；…… 上面句子里加线的词都是起指代作用的，称为代词。代词包括：人称代词，代替人或事物的名称，如我、你、他、我们、你们、他们、自己、人家；疑问代词，用来提出问题，如谁、什么、怎样、哪、哪里；指示代词用来区别人或事物，如这、那、这里、那里、这么、那么、每、各。使用人称代词，要注意“他们”可专指男性，也可指男女兼有。还要注意“我们”和“咱们”用法的区别。“我们”指说话人，有时也可包括听话人；“咱们”一定包括说话人和听话人。指示代词“那”用于远指，“这”用于近指。
初中语文语法知识点归纳
1、汉语得发展顺序 汉语得演变过程:字词短语单句复句多重复句 ２、词性 实词分类:名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词、代词。 一、名词意义及词例: ?1、表示人或者具体事物、抽象事物、时间、处所、方位等。?表示人或具体事物:学生河流水果衣服 表示抽象事物：教育交通事物战争与平语法科学民主道德 表示时间：昨天晚上黎明秋天将来刚才 表示处所:郊区附近到处左近?表示方位:东西南北中里外上下前头后头东面西方上边下边以前 二、动词意义及词例：?A、表示动作、行为。例如:走打说作保护分析赞成旅行?Ｂ、表示存现、发展变化。例如:有存在出现消失灭亡增加缩小扩大下降发展?C、表示心理活动。例如:爱恨想忘记觉得感到希望羡慕憧憬回忆情愿 D、表示使令，简称使令动词。例如:使叫让请派要求命令禁止推选委托任命允许 三、形容词意义及词例: A、表示事物得形状、颜色。例如：高大粗细圆长弯曲宽广鲜红雪白狭窄笔直 B、表示事物得性质。例如:好坏优秀恶劣诚实虚伪狡猾美丽高尚伟大朴素 C、表示事物得状态。例如:迅速敏捷匆忙平静悠闲混乱愉快轻松痛苦疲倦急噪 四、数词 数词得分类:基数词与序数词。 (1)基数词：表数目得多少，(一、二、三）十、百,千,万。(2)分数（二分之一)?(3)概数(几、许多、三十上下）(4)倍数(五倍,五十倍) 数目得增加可以用倍数或分数来表示数目得减少只用分数表示?(5）序数词：表序数。如：第一、初五、老大。 五、量词表示人、事物或动作单位得词叫量词。 分类 :?①物量词 A 个体量词:只个件间所座 B 集合量词:对双群伙帮副批? C 不定量词:点些 D 度量衡量词:寸亩斗克立方米人次 E 借用量词: 杯盘碗桶瓶身手笔刀口屋子堆封卷捧张担铲 ②动量词? A 表示动作行为得量: 次趟回遍下阵番遭顿 六、代词 A人称代词:代替人或事物得名称。我您您她她它我们您们您们她们她们它们咱们自己别人人家大家 Ｂ疑问代词: 用来提出问题 谁什么哪(问人或事物）哪儿那里 (问处所) 几多 (问数量) 多多么 (问程度) 怎么怎样怎么样 (问性质状态) 什么怎样什么样 (问方式行动) C 指示代词 :用来区别人或事物 这那(指人或事物) 这儿这里那儿那里 (指处所)这会儿那会儿 (指时间) 这么这样这么样那么那样那么样（指性质、状态、方式、行动、程度) 这些那些这么些那么些 (指数量) 每各（指所有得或全体中任何一个）?某另别（确有所指,未说明哪一个) 虚词分类: 副词、介词、连词、助词、叹词、拟声词。 一、副词意义及词例： １、用在动词、形容词前面,表示程度、范围、时间、频率、语气、情貌、肯定否定等。
(精校版)初中语文基本语法知识(词性和句子成分)
(完整word版)初中语文基本语法知识(词性和句子成分) 编辑整理： 尊敬的读者朋友们： 这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(完整word版)初中语文基本语法知识(词性和句子成分)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。 本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为(完整word版)初中语文基本语法知识(词性和句子成分)的全部内容。
初中语文基本语法知识（词性和句子成分） 【名词】是表示人或事物名称的词。 名词可分为： 1。个体名词，又叫可数名词.如：(一本)书、（三朵）花、(五条）河。 2。集合名词,不能加个体量词，与集合量词或不定量词”对，批，部分,些"等搭配，如：（一对)夫妇、(一部分）船只、（一些）车辆. 3。专有名词，如:北京、天安门、孔子、长江。 4.时间名词，如：春天、上午、现在、立春、星期二、刚才。处所名词，如：颐和园、商店、亚洲、北京、中国。方位词，如：东、西、上、里、前、内. 名词的主要语法特点： （1）不能用”不”来否定,如不能说"不帽子". （2）在句中经常充当主语、宾语、定语.时间和处所名词可以做状语,如：小李昨天迟到了。(3）名词一般不能重叠，只有带有量词性质的名词才可以重叠，如：人、年、天。 【动词】是表示人、事物的运动或相互作用的词（表示动作行为、发展变化、心理活动的词).
1.及物动词，能够带宾语的动词是及物动词，如:吃、打、敲、写，它们的宾语可以出现，也可以不出现。也有一部分动词必须带宾语,如：费（劲）、顾全（大局）。 2.不及物动词，不可带宾语，如：咳嗽、休养、毕业。 3.心理活动动词.这类动词可以受”很、太"一类程度副词的修饰.如:爱,想,同意,赞成，怀疑。 4.判断动词。最主要的就是”是”,表示判断或肯定。在表示判断时,”是”后边的成分是"判断宾语"，例如：”我是中国人.” 5.能愿动词，又叫助动词,表示行为状况的可能性或意愿性。例如:能够、会、可以、应该。 6.趋向动词，表示趋向性的动作或动作的状态。如：（坚持)下来，(搞）上去，(走）进。 动词的主要语法特征: （1）动词可受副词"不"、"没”的修饰。 （2）动词经常作谓语，后面可以接宾语. （3）一部分动词可以重叠，表示动作时间短暂或”尝试"的动态意义。如：听听、想想，还有：讨论讨论、吵吵嚷嚷等。 【形容词】是表示性质或状态的词。
初中语文语法大全
初中语文语法知识大全 一、词类：有实词与虚词两大类。 （１)实词:表示实在的意义,能够作短语或句子的成分能够独立成句。 虚词：一般不表示实在的意义,不作短语或句子的成分（副词例外),用途是表示语法关系。 Ａ、名词：表示人和事物名称的词。表示人的名称，如同志、作家；表示具体事物，河流、高山；表示抽象事物，如政治、科学；表示时间名称,上午、夏天；表示处所名称：上海、中国;表示方位名称：上、下（简称方位词） 名词的语法特点：①表示人称的名词,可以在后头加“们”表示多数②方位词常用在其他名词后头,组成表示处所、范围或时间的方位短语③名词一般不受副词修饰。 Ｂ、动词：是表示动作行为、发展变化、心理活动等意义的词。 表动作、行为:坐、听；表示存现、消失或发展变化：有、发生；表示心理活动:爱、恨；表使令：叫、让;表可能、意愿(能愿动词):能、会；表示趋向(趋向动词）：来、去；表判断(判断词):是。 动词的语法特点:①动词一般受副词“不”的修饰。②动词后面可以带“着、了、过”，表示动态。③一部分动词可以重叠,表示时间短暂或尝试的意思。④判断词“是”主要是联结句子的主语和宾语。⑤能愿动词后面不能跟名词,能愿动词可以和后面的动词一起作谓语中心语,也可以单独作谓语中心语。⑥趋向动词可以单独作谓语中心语,也可以在谓语中心语后面作补语。 C、形容词：是表示事物的形状、性质、状态的词。 表示事物形状的:高、矮；表示事物性质的：漂亮、结实;表示事物状态的:快、慢； 形容词的语法特点:①部分形容词可以用重叠形式来加强语义。②大多数形容词可以受副词“很”修饰。 D、数词:是表示数目的词。 表确数（表示分数,整数和倍数);表概数：几、许多；表序数:第一、老三;数词的语法特点：①数目增加，可以用分数表示，也可以用倍数表示②数目减少，只能用分数,不能用倍数。 Ｅ、量词:是表示事物和动作、行为单位的词。表示事物单位的量词叫数量词。表示动作、行为单位的量词叫动量词。表示事物单位的：个、只；表示动作、行为单位的:次、回,有时也借用某些名词来表示，如:脚、年； 量词的语法特点:①量词经常和数词连用,组成数量短语,也称为数量启数量词。②表示物量的数量词常用在名词的前面。③表示动量的数量词数量词常用在动词的后面。 F、代词：起代替或指示作用的词。 代词分为人称代词、疑问代词、指示代词三类。代词的语法特点： ①第二人称的敬称“您”不用于复数，如果需要表示复数,就用“您几位”“您诸位” ②第三人称复数代词“他们”可专指男性，也可兼指男性和女性，“她们”则专指女性 ③注意“我们”和“咱们”用法的区别。“我们”指说话人，有时也可以包括听话人；“咱们”一定包括说话人和听话人 ④指示代词“那”用于远指,“这”用于近指 ⑤代词用得不恰当，指代不明，可造成病句。 G、副词：一般用在动词、形容词前边,表示行为、动作或性质、状态的程度、范围、时间、频率、情势、语气等。 表示范围：都、全；表示语气:可、倒;表示否定:不、没;表示时间:刚、恰好；表示程度:很、极;表示情势:仿佛、渐渐。
初中语文语法知识 导学案
八年级语文下册导学案 初中语文语法知识 一、初中语文语法知识----短语 短语又叫词组，是由两个或两个以上的词按照一定的结构组合起来，能充当句子成分的语法单位。短语按其词与词组合的结构关系，主要有五种类型：并列短语、偏正短语、动宾短语、动补短语和主谓短语。 名称 构成方式短语成分间的关 系举例 并列短语由两个或两个以上的实词并列组 成的，词性必须相同，主要有三 种类型：名词+名词、动词+动 词、形容词+形容词 并列关系 北京、天津和上 海 发明创造 生动活泼 偏正短语由两个或两个以上的成分构成， 前边的修饰限制后边的成分，即 中心语被修饰语修饰或限制。主 要有三种类型：定语+名词，状 语+动词，状语+形容词 修饰关系 复习提纲 仔细观察 批判地继承 十分漂亮 动宾短语由动词和其他的成分组合而成 的，动词后面的成分是它所支配 或涉及的对象，称为宾语，包括 四种类型：动+名，动+代，动+ 动，动+形 支配关系 热爱祖国 来这边 爱打扮 喜欢诚实 动补（行补）短语由动词（形容词）和补语组成， 动补包括动+形，动+数量两种类 型，行补包括形+数量，行+副， 行+得+短语 补充关系 说明白 走一趟 好得很 高兴得跳起来 主谓短语由主语和谓语组成，其类型包 括：名+动，代+动，名+行，名+ 名，名+动宾短语 陈述关系 春天来了 心情舒畅 今天星期天 党关心人民 二、初中语文语法知识------句子成分 1．什么是句子 句子是由词或短语（也叫词组）构成的，是具有一定语调并表达一个完整意思的语言运用单位。根据用途和语气，句子可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。根据结构可分为单句和复句。。2．句子成分的名称及符号 名称：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。 符号：主语 = 谓语－宾语～ 定语（）状语 [ ] 补语 < > ①句子的基本成分是：主语、谓语、宾语。 补充成分是：定语、状语、补语。 ②主语部分和谓语部分之间可用“‖”划开。
(完整版)语文版初一语文语法知识练习(词性)
初二语文语法知识练习 ——词性、短语 1、找出词性完全相同的一组（ ） A ．宝贵 光荣 骄傲 战友 B ．制造 报答 提高 寻求 C ．角色 语文 经常 兴趣 D ．非常 偶尔 清楚 风景 2．对加点词的词性判断完全正确的一项是（ ） 为了发展教育．．事业，十分需要．．人们了解，关心和重视它。 A ．名词 动词 连词 B ．名词 形容词 介词 C ．代词 副词 介词 D ．动词 动词 介词 3．与“为了．．祖国，前进！”中加点词的词性相同的一项是（ ） A ．因为．． 人多，屋子里很热 B ．小青在．上海 C ．我们按照．．程序严格把关 D ．我和．你一起走 4．下面句中加点词的词性完全相同的一项是（ ） A ． ①他在． 学校里 ②他在．阅览室学习 B ． ①这座房子朝．南 ②他朝．北走去了 C ． ①物质文明建设和． 精神文明建设应该一起抓 ②张健和．李升一同到北京去了 D ． ①运动会上,他得．到了百米冠军 ②他的字写得．很工整 5．下面各组中加点词词性相同的一项是（ ） A ． ① 这朦胧．．的月光，实在照不了多远 ② 月色便朦胧．．在水气里 B ． ①掌握法律武器，增强禁毒意识．． ②朋友,你是否意识．．到你在幸福之中呢? C ． ①工作随便，学习松懈．． ②刚才出力摇船犹如龙船似的那股劲儿，现在在每个人的身体里松懈．．下来了 D ． ①酒香不怕巷子深． ②这本书的内容很深．，可真难懂 6．下列句子中加点词与“老师正和小红谈话”中“和”的词性相同的是（ ） A ．他早点吃的是牛奶和． 面包 B ．范进向． 他作揖，坐下 C ．我从此便． 整天的站在柜台里，专管我的职务 一、指出下列句中加点词的词性。 1.他昨天上午在家里，下午在图书馆看书，现在在开会。 2.两块连草都不长的地连起来了。 3.你比我强，我比不过你。 4.你为什么老向着他而不向他提意见？ 5.到了北京，我就赶快跑到医院去看病。 二、1、选出词类相同的一项。 ( ) （2分） A.肃穆 肃立 B.也许 立刻 C.聪明 智慧 D.欣然 果然 2．对划线的词性分析不正确的一项是：（ ）（2分） A. 云霞升起来了。（助词） B. 他抑制不住工作的热情。（助词） C. 这是很清楚的。（副词） D. 我在房间里读书。（动词） 3、下列加点的词性与其他三项不同的一项是：（ ）（2分） A. 你可知道，我们想念你。 B. 忽然听得一个声音，“温一碗酒”。 C. 范进向他作揖，坐下。 D. 他脸上黑而且瘦，已经不成样子。 三、写出加点词的词性。 1.这是个好主意。( ) 2.队员们精疲力尽。( ) 3.过日子要精打细算。( ) 4.输得精光。( ) 四、判断加点词的词性 1.这朦胧的桔红的光，实在照不了多远。(形容词) 2.月色便朦胧在这水气里。(动词) 3.月色给大地带来一片朦胧。(名词) 4.隔着云看太阳，就像隔了一层毛玻璃，朦胧不清。(形容词) 5.我们很快就要在全国胜利了。(动词) 6.这个胜利将冲破帝国主义的东方战线。(名词) 7.这道题老师讲得很明白。(形容词) 8.你明白其中的道理吗？(动词) 9.我们应该有严肃、认真的工作作风。(形容词) 10.革命队伍必须严肃纪律。(动词) 五、选出下列加点词词性不同的一项。( ) A.电灯突然亮了。 B.这场雨下得太突然。 C.心脏突然停止了跳动。 D.突然，掌声暴风雨般的响起来。 六、请将下列虚词归类。 A.副词 B.叹词 C.介词 D.拟声词 越发( ) 除了( ) 始终( ) 依照( ) 沿着( ) 索性( ) 扑通( ) 哦( ) 屡次( ) 何必( ) 自从( ) 砰( ) 啊( ) 却( ) 七、指出下列句中加点词的词性 一个人为自己所热爱的目标而奋斗时，即使困难重重， 也会百折不挠的去克服它。
初中语文语法知识-句子成分划分练习题及答案
初中语文语法知识——句子成分划分练习题 一、把下面各词填入下表： 校园繁忙北京积蓄三万豁亮诚实中间哪里瞻仰战场颓唐 夜晚二分之一斤朵驾驶那里自己坚固起来大伙政治希望 二、用“‖”划开主谓语： （1）西起九江（不含），东至江阴，均是人民解放军的渡江区域。 （2）在一天夜里，他被一陈尖叫声惊醒了。 （3）纽约市通常辉煌通明的帝国大厦今晚熄灭了灯光。 （4）袁隆平视为生命的四分田地，在一个星期天的早晨，还是被那些造反派扫荡一空。（5）在这样的年月里，我家通年没吃过白米。 （6）他花了三十多年的时间，留意观察日、月以及各行星的运动。 （7）我们的祖国给科学开辟了广阔的前途。 （8）她教给了我生活的知识和革命的道理。 （9）我们中华民族有悠久的历史和优秀的文化传统。 （10）这支部队的先头连就匆匆占领了汽车路边一个很低的光光的小山冈。 （11）我最急于告诉你们的，是我思想感情的一段重要经历、 （12）鲁镇酒店的格局，是和别处不同的。 （13）人类历史的发展，与人物的活动息息相关。 （14）我每忆及少年时代，就禁不住涌起视听的愉悦之感。 （15）在汉江南岸狙击敌人的日子里，有一天他从阵地上下来吃饭。 三、句子成分划分： （1）长江三峡曾经留下过许多人的梦。 （2）我家的猫最怕陌生人。 （3）祖父正在找五十年前的照片。 （4）我国的石拱桥有悠久的历史。 （5）一大早，勤奋的同学们就安静地坐在教室里认真地复习 （6）车间已经完成了全年的任务。 （7）薄薄的轻雾浮起在池塘里。
（8）乔家忽而遭了一场很大的变故。 （9）石拱桥在世界桥梁史上出现得比较早。 （10）豆大的汗珠不停地从脸上直往下落。 （11）统筹方法，是一种安排工作进程的数学方法。 （12）全体同学都做完了语法作业。 （13）这时候，我的脑里突然闪出一幅神异的图画来。 （14）鲁班是我国古代春秋时期一位著名的建筑工匠。 （15）峰峦刚刚从黑夜中显露出一片灰蒙蒙的轮廓。 四、用符号法标出下列句子的主干。 （1）在汉江北岸，我遇到一个青年战士。 （2）他被一阵哭声惊醒了。 （3）我觉得我们的战士太伟大了。 （4）消息在乡下传得特别快。 （5）他们对这位来自基层的女干部和她乡人民坚持不懈的治沙精神所感动。 （6）我一直沉醉在世界的优美之中。 （7）这种魅力，就是使我终生能够在实验室里埋头工作的主要因素了。 （8）理想中的女儿应该是个淑女。 （9）荔枝林深处，隐隐露出一角白屋。 （10）隔了几天，二妹从虹口舅舅家里回来。 五、选择题： 1、结构上全是动宾短语的一组是：（） A、纯洁高尚全面衡量热烈响应热切希望 B、灿烂异彩重放光明热情鼓励放射光芒 C、分析成分巩固胜利战胜敌人散发香气 D、感觉良好完全彻底修饰限制搭配适当 2、谓短语充当谓语的一项是：（） A、他身材高大。 B、他的身材高大。 C、他有高大的身材。 D、身材高大的就是他。 3、选出对下边句子成分分析正确的一项。（） 十几年来，延安机场上送行的情景时时出现在眼前。 A、这个句子的主语中心语是“情景”，谓语中心语是“出现”，宾语是“在眼前”。 B、这个句子的主语中心语是“延安机场”，谓语中心语是“出现”，补语是“在眼前”。 C、这个句子的主语中心语是“情景”，谓语中心语是“出现”，补语是“在眼前”。 D、这个句子的主语是“十几年来”，谓语是“延安机场送行的情景常常出现在眼前”。 4、下面的词语，从词性上看，分类正确的一组是：（） ①管理②治理③昨天④推测⑤汉语⑥应该⑦清楚⑧宽阔⑨减少⑩懒惰 A、①②⑤/③⑥⑦⑧/④⑨/⑩
初中语文语法大全
初中语文语法大全 1、词类：有实词与虚词两大类。 实词包括名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词、代词六类。在文言文中，实词是大量的，掌握较多的文言实词，是提高阅读文言文能力的关键。学习文言实词，应特别注意它在语法上的三个主要特点：一是一词多义，二是词义的古今变化，三是词性的活用。 虚词没有实在意义，一般不能充当句子成分，表示动作衔接或语气，不能单独回答问题。（少数副词如“不”、“也许”、“没有”等可以单独回答问题），只能配合实词造句，表示种种语法关系。虚词包括副词、介词、连词、助词、叹词五类。文言虚词在整个文言词语中虽然只占一小部分，但是它的语法作用却很大。文言文中的许多句式是以虚词为标志的，如判断句“......者......也”、被动句的“为......所......”等虚词在文言文中用的很频繁，而且它的解释也相当灵活。主要常用的虚词有：之、其、于、以、而、则、乃、若、且、者、为、然、是、此、斯、彼、何、安、孰、胡、曷、虽、虽然、然而、然则、也。矣、乎、哉、焉、耳等。（1） A、名词：表示人和事物名称的词。表示人的名称，如同志、作家；表示具体事物，河流、高山；表示抽象事物，如政治、科学；表示时间名称，上午、夏天；表示处所名称：上海、中国；表示方位名称：上、下（简称方位词） 名词的语法特点:①表示人称的名词，可以在后头加“们”表示多数②方位词常用在其他名词后头，组成表示处所、范围或时间的方位短语③名词一般不受副词修饰。 B、动词：是表示动作行为、发展变化、心理活动等意义的词。 表示动作、行为：坐、听；表示存现、消失或发展变化：有、发生；表示心理活动：爱、恨；表示使令：叫、让；表示可能、意愿（能愿动词）：能、会；表示趋向（趋向动词）：来、去；表示判断（判断词）：是。 动词的语法特点：①动词一般受副词“不”的修饰。②动词后面可以带“着、了、过”，表示动态。③一部分动词可以重叠，表示时间短暂或尝试的意思。④判断词“是”主要是联结句子的主语和宾语。⑤能愿动词后面不能跟名词，能愿动词可以和后面的动词一起作谓语中心语，也可以单独作谓语中心语。⑥趋向动词可以单独作谓语中心语，也可以在谓语中心语后面作补语。 C、形容词：是表示事物的形状、性质、状态的词。 表示事物形状的：高、矮；表示事物性质的：漂亮、结实；表示事物状态的：快、慢； 形容词的语法特点：①一部分形容词可以用重叠形式来加强语义。②大多数形容词可以受副词“很”修饰。 D、数词：是表示数目的词。 表确数（表示分数，整数和倍数）；表概数：几、许多；表序数：第一、老三；数词的语法特点：①数目增加，可以用分数表示，也可以用倍数表示②数目减少，只能用分数，不能用倍数。 E、量词：是表示事物和动作、行为单位的词。表示事物单位的量词叫数量词。表示动作、行为单位的量词叫动量词。表示事物单位的：个、只；表示动作、行为单位的：次、回，有时也借用某些名词来表示，如：脚、年；量词的语法特点：①量词经常和数词连用，组成数量短语，也称为数量启数量词。②表示物量的数量词常用在名词的前面。③表示动量的数量词数量词常用在动词的后面。 F、代词：起代替或指示作用的词。 代词分为人称代词、疑问代词、指示代词三类。代词的语法特点：①第二人称的敬称“您”不用于复数，如果需要表示复数，就用“您几位”“您诸位”②第三人称复数代词“他们”可专指男性，也可兼指男性和女性，“她们”则专指女性③注意“我们”和“咱们”用法的
初中语文语法练习 (含答案)
初中语文语法练习 (含答案) ★练习一 1．结构上全是动宾短语的一组是：（） A. 纯洁高尚全面衡量热烈响应热切希望 B. 灿烂异彩重放光明热情鼓励放射光芒 C. 分析成分巩固胜利战胜敌人散发香气 D. 感觉良好完全彻底修饰限制搭配适当 2．主谓短语充当谓语的一项是：（） A. 他身材高大。 B. 他的身材高大。 C. 他有高大的身材。 D. 身材高大的就是他。 3、下列句子中只有一个是错误的，请找出来。（） A. 这件事情，使我明白了一个深刻的道理。 B. 从这件事情中，使我明白了一个深刻的道理。 C. 通过这件事情，我明白了一个深刻的道理。 D. 白花不含色素，但组织里面含有空气，会把光束全部反射出来，所以呈现白色。 4、选出没有语病的一句。（） A. 在同学的帮助下，我改正并认识了自己的错误。 B. 同学的帮助，使我认识并改正了自己的错误。 C. 在同学的帮助下，使我认识并改正了自己的错误。 D. 同学的帮助，使我改正并认识了自己的错误。 5、选出对下边句子成分分析正确的一项。（） 十几年来，延安机场上送行的情景时时出现在眼前。 A. 这个句子的主语中心语是“情景”，谓语中心语是“出现”，宾语是“在眼前”。 B. 这个句子的主语中心语是“延安机场”，谓语中心语是“出现”，补语是“在眼前”。 C. 这个句子的主语中心语是“情景”，谓语中心语是“出现”，补语是“在眼前”。 D. 这个句子的主语是“十几年来”，谓语是“延安机场送行的情景常常出现在眼前”。 6、找出下列病句的病因。 备选项：①成分残缺②搭配不当③语序不当④句式杂糅⑤不合逻辑 A. 我国是文明古国，有世界上没有的万里长城、天坛等古迹。( ) B. 升高中的考场是设在教学大楼五楼举行的。 ( ) C. 秋天的西湖是一个美丽的季节。 ( ) D. 我们要识别真假马克思主义的能力。 ( ) E. 他完成了一次又一次艰巨的任务。 ( ) 7、下面的词语，从词性上看，分类正确的一组是：（） ①管理②治理③昨天④推测⑤汉语⑥应该⑦清楚⑧宽阔⑨减少⑩懒惰 A. ①②⑤/③⑥⑦⑧/④⑨/⑩ B. ③⑤/①②④⑥⑨/⑦⑧⑩ C. ①③⑤⑦/②④⑥⑧/⑨⑩ D. ①②⑤⑥⑨/③⑦⑧/④⑩ 8、下列短语归类有错的一项是：（） A. 并列：听说读写思想感情光荣而艰巨轻松愉快 B. 偏正：新的语法大操场上跟我们学非常激动 C. 动宾：复习短语洗热水擦干净送我一首小诗 D. 补充：热起来做下去疼得发紫读两遍摆整齐 9、选出与“愚公移山”同类结构的一项：（） ①大江两岸②温故知新③学习计划④襟怀坦白 10、判断下列加点的词的词性：（） 1) 我在北京。 2) 游击队员们战斗在华北平原。 3) 海燕在高傲地飞翔。