英语论文写作课后答案
修辞
1、Her rich relatives rained birthday presents on her only son.
2、Wrong ideas may hurm a man just like deseaes.
3、Some words may be defaced by careless usage.
4、The leaves are trembling in the cold wind.
5、The storm was so angry that it wanted to destroy everything in its way.
6、Many people bowed before Force,but eventually Force would surrender to Reason.
7、Selfless people are like cows, which eat straw but produce milk.
8、“What do you think of the roast duck?” “Not bad.”
9、His friends praised his daughter’s performances to the skies.
10、His writing is clear and clean.
11、His unfriendly tongue surprised her.
12、There is fertile soil for popular music in China today.
答案：隐喻，明喻隐喻隐喻隐喻拟人明喻缩小夸大头韵换喻隐喻
Simile metaphor synecdoche metonymy personification overstatement understatement
改错
1、Our host entertained us with many interesting stories of adventure, he had been a member of an
exploration team working in the Arctic.
Our host,who had been a member of an exploration team working in Arctic,entertained us with many interesting stories of adventure.
2、When I woke up I saw him asleep in bed,I had not heard him when he came back.Because I had
been sleeping soundly.
When I woke up, I saw him asleep in bed,I had not heard him when he came back,because I had been sleeping soundly.
3、Liu always did his work a little better than his fellow workers, that was why he got higher pay than
other.
Liu always did his work a little better than his fellow workers ,and that was why he got higher pay than other.
4、No student could answer the question ,even Yao, who was usually quick in answering
questions ,was silent.
No student could answer that question. Even yao,who was usually quick in answering questions,was silent.
5、Lin looks like Li,however,they are not related.
Lin looks like li;however,they are not related.
6、The old man hunched forward. His head tilted at an angle.His eyes half closed, looking very sleepy. The old man hunched forward,his head tilted at an angle,his eyes half closed,looking very sleepy.
7、Their work was well planned ,everybody worked with great enthusiasm,thus, they overfulfilled
their quota.
Their work was well planned,and everybody worked with great enthusiasm. As a result,they over fulfilled their quota.
8、Mark Twain, a well-known American writer,whose experience as a pilot on a steamboat was no
doubt an important factor that helped him to become a famous writer.
The experience as a pilot on a steamboat was no doubt an important factor that helped to make Mark Twain,the American writer,to become so famous.
改进
1.She began to speak very fast at the meeting at ten o’clock.
The meeting started at ten o’clock,and she began to speak,she spoke very fast.
2.Bernard Shaw was one of the best-known playwrights.
Bernard Shaw was one of the best-known English playwrights of the 20th century.
3.The houses were mere shanties,and rags were stuffed in the cracks and holes.
The houses were shanties,with rags stuffed in the cracks and boles.
4.I read the novel on the train,which did not interest me at all.
On the train I read the novel,which did not interest me at all.
5. A well-dressed man admitted us to the house,and we later learned that he was a thief.
We later learned that the well-dressed man who admitted us to the house was a thief.
6.I lost some important documents and found them three days later.the police had helped me.
The police helped me to find some important documents which I had lost three days before.
7.We entered the shop, and a saleswoman greeted us,and all kinds of shoes were on the shelves ,and the
prices were quite reasonable ,and a lot of customers were buying them.
A saleswoman greeted us when we entered the shop. We saw all kinds of shoes on the shelves,and the prices were quite reasonable. A lot of customerswere buying them.
8.Tell helen, if she is at home ,I wil come to see her.
Tell Helen,if she is at home,that I will come to see her.
9.Listening attentively ,a faulty sound was heard.
Listening attentively,he/she/I heard a faulty sound.
10.On entering the room,no one was seen.
L entered the room and saw no one.
11.Fred is energetic,capable ,and a man you can rely on.
Fred is energetic and capable. You can rely on him.
12.The children promised to be careful and that they would return home early.
The children promised to be careful and return home early.
13.Dickens’s novels offer no solution to the social injustices he exposes in them.
Dickens’novels offer no solution to the social injunstices exposed to them.
14.My watch is either fast or yours is slow.
Either my watch is fast,or your watch is slow.
15.Glancing out of the window,a beautiful view attracted my attention.
A beautiful view out of the window attracted my attention.
16.He nearly finished reading ten books during the vacation.
He finished reading almost ten books during the vacation.
17.If interested in painting, a course can be taken at the evening school.
If you are interested in paiting,you can take a course at the evening school.
18.She said that she would come if she could,but not to wait for her.
She said that she would come if she could,but we needn’t wait for her.
19.To tell my friend the good news the letter was posted at once.
To tell my friends the good news,I posted the letter at once.
20.I will go to the lecture,for I like his poems.
I will go to the lecture,because I like the speaker’poems.
改写句子
1、Xu comes from a working-class family. He enrolled in college last fall.
2、The dean issued a bulletin. It said the library would remain open on weekends.
3、Last night was a wild night.the thunder roared. The wind blew a gale.the rain fell in torrents.
4、There are icicles on the trees. The temperature must have fallen considerably during the night.
5、He returned to his hometown. He had been away for twelve years. He looked in vain for the familiar
landmarks.
6、We have made some progress. We still have a long way to go.
7、The sky was cloudless. The sun was shining brightly.
8、There were over two hundred passengers on board the plane. About one third of them were
foreigners.
9、The girl began to learn to play the piano when she was a child. Her mother was a fomous pianist.
10、Napoleon was born in 1769. At that time Corsica had just been acquired by France.
11、She appeared on the stage. A stormy applause broke forth.
12、The gypsies are really a nomadic people from India. They migrated into Europe. Once they were
thought to be Egyptians.
13、The new workers are young and inexperienced. They are eager to learn from the veteran workers.
14、It was a poor quarter. There were a lot of small huts. They had mud walls and straw roofs. They
dotted a hillside.
15、He heard that his father was ill. He was anxious to go home to see him. He went to the station
early in the morning to buy a ticket.
1.Xu ,who comes from a working-class family,enrolled in college last fall.
2.The dean issued a bulletin,saying/which said the library would remain open on weekends.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/831218438.html,st night was a wild night,with the thunder roaring , the wind blowing a gale and the rain falling in
torrents.
4.The temperature must have fallen considerably during the night,for there are icicles on the trees.
5.Twelve years later he returned to his hometown,and looked in vain for the familiar landmarks.
6.Although we have made some progress,we still have a long way to go.
7.The sky was cloudless and the sun was shining brightly.
8.On board the plane there were over two hundred passengers,about one third of whom were
foreigners.
9.The girl,whose mother was a fomous pianist,began to learn to play the piano when she was a child.
10.In 1769,when Napoleon was born in Cousica,the island had just been acquired by France.
11.A stormy applause broke forth the moment ,she appeared on the stage.
12.Once thought to be Egytians,the gypsies are really a nomadic people from India,who migrated into
Europe.
13.Young and inexperienced,the new workers are eagere to learn from the veteran workers.
14.There was a poor quarter on the hillside with a lot of small huts withmud walls and staw roofs.
15.On hearing that his father was illl,be was anxious to go home to see him,so he went to the station
early in the morning to buy a ticket.
1.The oplum war broke out in 1840.
2.Their library has more books than ours.
3.He returned home after graduating from college.
4.We planned to meet before sunrise in the morning.
5.The flood was due to the heavy rain in late spring.
6.He was asked to repeat the sentence.
7.I play badminton as well as my brother.
8.To his friends his attitude was a puzzle.
9.These watermelons are large and sweet.
10.He did not tell the truth.
11.A number of students want to join the drama club.
12.He was kind enough to let me share his umbrella.
13.The whole class elected zhao their representative.
14.I am taking two courses: world history and geography.
15.The plane cireled the airport for about ten minutes and then disappeared.
16.I mean that he has not done his work well enough.
17.I would like you to consider whether you would like to publish your recent article on women
scientists in china in our journal.
18.As he had missed many lectures,he knew that he might fail the exam,
19.You must work out an outline for your paper,and then you need to collect all kinds of material to
support your point of view.
20.In that country,violent deaths occur every day.
21.He is not only a good pianist,but also a good singer.
22.This pretty actress keeps appearing in TV serials.
23.Students are not allowed to take books out of this reading room.
24.According to the speaker,the respongsibility system has helped to increase production.
25.One reason why people are well informed in this city is that there are many newspapers easily
bought or subscribed to.
26.Statistics show that from 1980 to 1990 enrollments at this school doubled.
27.There are so many workers without training in a particular job that production of the factory has
been affected.
28.There are about 50 patients in this ward,and many are being given acupuncture treatment.
29.He is called james williams.
30.Whatever he does,he works seriously and does his best.
1.Huang ,the tallest man of the team,is over two meters tall.
2.After going bankrupt,social position,reputation and friends,even life itself,were no longer interesting
to him.
3.Unexpectedly,he decided to take the job .
4.Under no circumstances will china be the first to use nuclear weapons.
5.Of the twenty students in the class,yang alone can do the work.
6.As a result of reform and opening-up policy during the past 30 years,china has changed a great deal.
7.According to newspaper reports,she was the first chinese woman who had won a gold medal for
figure skating in an international contest.
8.While serving as a cabin boy on the ship,robert made an attempt to do all the things that the sailor
members of the crew usually did.
9.Among his neighbors was the famous writer,mrs.jones.
10.The patient help of the teachers enabled the students to make good progress.
11.She often helps to improve her comrades’pronunciation.
12.Although there are few mistakes in the language,the composition is not very good,because the
content is not interesting.
1.i got up a little later than usual on Sunday morning. After washing and a quick breakfast. I started going to town to buy the dictionary recommended by the teacher. At the school gate I saw li ping and ask him if he was going to town too. He said he was ,so we decided to go together. All the buses were crowded, and we had to wait for a long time at the bus stop before we could get on one. An hour later,we got off at a busy street where there were three bookstores. We went to the first one and didn’t find the dictionary. In the second one we were told the dictionary had been sold out. It was in the third that we finally bought the dictionary. After that li ping and I went to other stores where we bought various things. We returned to school just in time for lunch.
2. ludwig van beethovenm,the major composer of th 19th century, overcame many personal miseries to achieve artistic greatness. He was born in bonn,Gemany in 1770,and first shudied music with a court organist. His father,who was given to heavy drinking,was excessively strict. After his mother died,when
he was appointed deputy court organist at a surprisingly early age, and he played the harpsichord and the viola at the same time . in the 1792 he went to vicnna to study music under haydn. While remaining unmarried all his life,he was frequently troubled by financial worries. He was continually plagued by ill health. The worst happened in 1818 when an ear intechon led to his deamess. However,his writing of music continued in spite of his handicap. Goethe said that beetboven had an”untamed personality”. This may have been true,but his music shows great discinline and control.
英语议论文写作模板
问题解决型作文模板 /Nowadays，more and more people are concerned about the problem…(问题) /It is important for us to…(问题). For instance_____________________(例一) First，_________________________(原因一). Moreover，_____________________(例二) Second，_______________________(原因二) 第二段：People have figured out many ways to solve the problem． /Confronted with…(问题)we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation． Firstly，________________________(解决方法一) Secondly，______________________(解决方法二) 第三段：1)Personally，I believe that_______________(我的方法) /To me，I am taking two ways to solve the problem of…(问题) One of them is ________________________(我的方法) The other way is_______________________(方法二)
By now ways have been working perfectly and efficient1y…(结果) 2) In conclusion/In a word/To sum up/In summary/Obviously/It’s clear that…/It’s no doubt that…. 现象解释型作文模板
英语论文写作指导 (仅供参考)
英语论文写作课复习资料(仅供参考) Lecture 1 General introduction 1. The basic concept of academic research paper writing The concept: “Research ”---something new, something of significance, something that can promote scholarship, science and technology, productivity and human growth, for the betterment of the well-being of mankind. 2. Characteristics of academic paper A. Scientific--- based on scientific theories and objective data, and the problem is approached with a scientific attitude and methodology．The conclusion is backed up by reliable evidence, the analysis or exposition is logically sound. B. Scholarly --- more or less theoretical and concerned with academic matters．The subject under discussion or investigation and the conclusion to be drawn are academically significant. C. Original --- a new perspective or method, develops new arguments or conclusions，or even makes a breakthrough in a certain field． The graduation paper is a special form of academic paper characterized by being scholarly，scientific and original to the greatest extent possible． 3. The style of academic writing A. Formal because it is written in standard language and in formal style devoid of contractions，ellipses，slangy words，vulgarisms，etc. B. Substantial because it deals with academically important and serious issues and is of substance and length． C. Well-documented because it rigidly follows the rules of citation and documentation with all borrowed ideas or facts fully acknowledged in the notes and bibliography． 4. The requirements of an academic paper. 1) A scientific attitude，a rigorous study style, a creative mind, and a great courage to explore unknown academic areas, discovering or solving problems in the academic or scientific fields. 2)Basic knowledge of academic research--- its nature, value, and significance，essential features, techniques and methods，etc．To learn more about the academic circle and the society by searching through all sorts of reference materials originating in academic and social studies. 3) To know about scholarship, such as how to find subjects to investigate, how to collect and evaluate source materials, how to develop their own ideas. 5. Components parts of an academic paper 1) English title and Chinese title of your paper 2) Abstract both in English and in Chinese and key words 3) Key words in English and Chinese 4) Contents
英文论文格式要求
英文论文格式要求 (2009-01-08 10:03:39) 转载▼ 分类：外文期刊知识 标签： 教育 论文发表 期刊投稿 学术论文 很多老师可能想发英文论文，但是不知格式如何调整，一般英文期刊格式都是国际上的APA 格式，鉴于以前曾在英文期刊工作过，所以在此贴出格式要求，这样老师们在投稿前整理妥当，通过率也高一些。要知道，您若是直接投到国外编辑部邮箱，他们是不会帮您整理的哦。其实无论是学术期刊投稿，还是其他生活类，时尚类等通俗期刊投稿，整齐的稿件格式，专业的排版，全角半角选择正确，没有词汇语法错误，都会让编辑们有赏心悦目的感觉，忍不住要多看一眼您的文章。编辑也是人啊，不要把稿件扔过去就完事了，编辑每天要干的事情非常多，你说你懒，编辑会说，对不起我更懒。 不多说废话，在此贴出格式： 英文论文APA格式 英文论文一些格式要求与国内期刊有所不同。从学术的角度讲，它更加严谨和科学，并且方便电子系统检索和存档。 版面格式
表格 表格的题目格式与正文相同，靠左边，位于表格的上部。题目前加Table后跟数字，表示此文的第几个表格。 表格主体居中，边框粗细采用0.5磅；表格内文字采用Times New Roman，10磅。
举例： Table 1. The capitals, assets and revenue in listed banks 图表和图片 图表和图片的题目格式与正文相同，位于图表和图片的下部。题目前加Figure后跟数字，表示此文的第几个图表。图表及题目都居中。只允许使用黑白图片和表格。 举例： Figure 1. The Trend of Economic Development 注：Figure与Table都不要缩写。 引用格式与参考文献 1. 在论文中的引用采取插入作者、年份和页数方式，如"Doe (2001, p.10) reported that …" or "This在论文中的引用采取作者和年份插入方式，如"Doe (2001, p.10) reported that …" or "This problem has been studied previously (Smith, 1958, pp.20-25)。文中插入的引用应该与文末参考文献相对应。 举例：Frankly speaking, it is just a simulating one made by the government, or a fake competition, directly speaking. (Gao, 2003, p.220). 2. 在文末参考文献中，姓前名后，姓与名之间以逗号分隔；如有两个作者，以and连接；如有三个或三个以上作者，前面的作者以逗号分隔，最后一个作者以and连接。 3. 参考文献中各项目以“点”分隔，最后以“点”结束。 4. 文末参考文献请按照以下格式：
《英语论文写作教程》第二章练习答案
Reference Keys to Exercises 该答案适用于： 《英语论文写作教程》操时尧柯军编著湖北科学技术出版社2013.5 Chapter 2 Pre-Writing Process I. Narrow down the general topic below to one specific topic that you could write about for a thesis assignment. (Possible answers) English literature American literature Ernest Hemingway’s works The Old Man and the Sea “C ode hero” or “iceberg theory” or else II. Read the following passage and answer questions 1) A topic is a subject area from which researchers can develop research questions. A question is more concrete than a topic, and thesis statement (sometimes called central argument) is a tentative answer to the question. Natural order of the three: 1) topic; 2) question; 3) thesis statement 2) Communicative language teaching approach (topic) --- Has communicative language approach affected actual classroom activities? (question) --- communicative language teaching facilitates the teaching of reading in English classroom. (thesis statement) III. Translate the following passage into Chinese. 作为一种重要的知识储备手段，各类文献已成为人类宝贵的资源财富，为人类的社会进步做出了重大贡献。 专业文献已被认为是全世界的“无形财产”，因为一方面它们是对前人的经验或研究成果的总结、概括和发展；另一方面，又是人类长期积累、世代相传的遗产。因此，从这意义上讲，所有文献都是前人宝贵的研究成果和学术成就的记载，是人类文化的结晶。 IV. Translate the following thesis titles into English. 1) Charlotte Bronte’s Female consciousness revealed in Jane Eyre 2) Oedipus Complex in Sons and Lovers by D. Lawrence: A mytho-archetypical criticism 3) Artistic dialogues in Pride and prejudice: A stylistic analysis 4) Id, ego and superego: “3+1” system in Jane Eyre 5) The role of Dimaggio in The Old Man and the Sea 6) Commonness and uniqueness: Learning strategies of English top achievers 7) Comments on two English translated versions of SHUI HU ZHUAN: A view from Skopos theory 8) Subtitle translation of the movie Hero: From perspective of Skopos theory 9) Chinese-English translating strategies of political neologism 10) Constructionism-based innovation of CAI models for English teaching V. Translate the following passage into English. Identifying a research topic is the first step to initiate any scientific research. The next is to narrow
英语论文格式
英文科技论文写作是进行国际学术交流必需的技能。一般而言，发表在专业英语期刊上的科技论文在文章结构和文字表达上都有其特定的格式和规定，只有严格遵循国际标准和相应刊物的规定，才能提高所投稿件的录用率。 撰写英文科技论文的第一步就是推敲结构。最简单有效的方法即采用IMRaD形式(Introduction，Materials and Methods，Results，and Discussion)，这是英文科技论文最通用的一种结构方式。 IMRaD结构的逻辑体现在它能依次回答以下问题： Introduction（引言）：研究的是什么问题？ Materials and Methods（材料和方法）：怎样研究这个问题？ Results（结果）：发现了什么? Discussion（讨论）：这些发现意味着什么? 按照这个结构整体规划论文，有一个方法值得借鉴，即剑桥大学爱席比教授提出的“概念图”。首先在一张大纸上（A3或A4纸，横放）写下文章题目（事先定好题目很重要），然后根据IMRaD的结构确定基本的段落主题，把他们写在不同的方框内。你可以记录任何你脑海中闪现的可以包括在该部分的内容，诸如段落标题、图表、需要进一步阐述的观点等等，把它们写在方框附近的圈内，并用箭头标示它们的所属方框。画概念图的阶段也是自由思考的阶段，在此过程中不必拘泥于细节。哪些东西需要包括进文章？还需要做哪些工作，是找到某文献的原文，还是补画一张图表，或者需要再查找某个参考文献？当你发现自己需要再加进一个段落时就在概念图中添加一个新框。如果你发现原来的顺序需作调整，那就用箭头标示新的顺序。绘制概念图的过程看似儿童游戏，但其意义重大，它可以给你自由思考的空间，并通过图示的方式记录你思维发展的过程。这便是写论文的第一步：从整体考虑文章结构，思考各种组织文章的方法，准备好所需的资料，随时记录出现的新想法。采用这个方法，不论正式下笔时是从哪一部分写起，都能够能做到大局不乱。 英文科技论文的基本格式包括： Title-论文题目 Author(s)-作者姓名 Affiliation(s) and address(es)-联系方式 Abstract-摘要 Keywords-关键词 Body-正文 Acknowledgements-致谢，可空缺 References-参考文献 Appendix-附录，可空缺 Resume-作者简介，视刊物而定 其中正文为论文的主体部分，分为若干章节。一篇完整的科技论文的正文部分由以下内容构成： Introduction-引言/概述 Materials and Methods-材料和方法 Results-结果 Discussion-讨论 Conclusions-结论/总结 下面对科技论文主要构成部分的写法和注意事项进行详细介绍。
英语论文的标准格式
扉页（英文） CulturalFactorsinChinese&EnglishProverbs Translation （TimesNewRoman二号加粗居中） by LiHairong WangZhiyun,Tutor （TimesNewRoman小二居中） RegisteredNo.09 FacultyofForeignLanguages Shanghai Business School December,2011 （TimesNewRoman小二） 论文摘要（英文）及关键词 Abstract （TimesNewRoman二号，加粗，居中） Proverbsreflectcolorfulnationalculturein（TimesNewRoman四号）…………………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………........................... .....………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… （空一行） Keywords:proverbs;translation;culture;differences（TimesNewRoman四号） 说明： 1．关键词3-5个，词与词之间用分号隔开，除专有名词外，其他单词首字母不大写，最后一个词后面无标点符号。 2．“摘要”下空一行写摘要内容，摘要内容与关键词之间空一行。
2020智慧树知道网课《英语学术论文写作》课后章节测试满分答案
第一章测试 1 【判断题】(5分) Peopledoresearchinordertohaveabetterunderstandingofourworld. A. 对 B. 错 2 【判断题】(5分) Wedon’tneedtobecreativeinresearchasanyresearchisbasedonevidences. A. 错 B. 对 3 【判断题】(5分)
Goodresearchquestionsareimportantinresearch. A. 错 B. 对 4 【判断题】(5分) Literaturereviewisneededinsomeresearchpapers. A. 对 B. 错 5 【判断题】(5分) Agoodresearchpaperneedscarefulrevisingandproofreading. A. 错
B. 对 6 【判断题】(5分) Unintentionalplagiarismcanbeexcusedasitisnotcommitteddeliberately. A. 对 B. 错 7 【判断题】(5分) Academicfalsificationisonecommontypeofacademicdishonesty. A. 对 B. 错
8 【多选题】(5分) Whatroledoesaliteraturereviewplayinaresearchpaper? A. Itenhancesthecredibilityofyourpaper. B. Itprovestheexistenceofaresearchgap. C. Itsynthesizestheexistingstudiesinyourarea. D. Itprovidesevidencesforyourargument. 9 【单选题】(5分) WhichofthefollowingisNOTanessentialstepinaresearchpaperwriting? A. Choosingatopic
标准英语论文的写作要求和方法
英语论文的写作要求和方法 1. 论文的入手和规划 ?论文开始前需要对题目背景，相关知识有一定的了解，参考相关书籍，杂志/期刊，网站等。 ?记好笔记，把阅读收集到的相关信息资料记录下来以供论文需要（包括信息来源的出处，以便以后参考文献的标注）。 ?起草论文的大纲，把所要涉及的点列举出来以清晰自己的写作思路。2. 论文的考察方面 ?是否涉及到所要求的理论知识。 ?文章是否围绕所给的问题展开（是否跑题） ?对论题的分析和理解能力 ?辩证地使用和评估信息和相关理论的能力。 ?独立思考和辩证的能力 ?文章的结构是否清晰和语言的组织是否顺畅 3. 语言的要求和注意事项 文字作为一篇论文的“门面”对信息的传递起到很重要的作用，建议用词要贴切，语法要准确，尽量遵循国外人的表达方式，句法和习惯，避免“中国式”英语，这样才能写出一篇“地道”的英语文章，使老外更清楚容易地明白这篇文章所要表达的意思（注：国外老师如果感觉一篇文章很难理解他们是不会花精力去揣摩作者的意图的，无论这篇文正观点多新颖，论据多充足，结果还是一篇不合格的文章。外国人写文章强调通俗易懂，言简意赅，不推荐使用很多复杂的句子，他们看重的是学生对某个理论和问题的理解程度和思考能力，而不是
非常华丽的文词造句。多阅读相关英语文章，学习模仿类似语句的用词造句来组织自己的语言是一种很有效的方法。 4. 论文的格式要求 字体Times New Roman或者Arial，正文字体12号（小四），大标题加粗14号，小标题加粗12号。小小标题不加粗12号。 段落使用现代写作格式—文字顶头不空格，段落与段落隔一行，倍行距。文章两端对齐。 Essay一般不需要目录和标题，report需要目录和标题，标题的编号按照1. 的方式，目录和封面的编辑参考范文。 论文字数上下不超过规定的10% 5. 文献综述标注方法（Referencing）（使用哈佛大学文献标注法） 参考文献可以是书籍，网站，杂志，期刊，网站，报纸等，academic reference（学术性文献）通常指的是书籍或者电子书籍。 文献综述标记分两类—文章末的完整标记和In-text referencing（文章中的标记） . 先说一下完整标记的方法： 首先先介绍一下欧美人的姓名文化，欧美人名在前姓在后，3个字的名字最后一个字是姓，关于姓名的完整标记法是（姓，名的第一个字母+.），如Thomas Edison – Edison,T. 3个字的名字，如Thomas Alva Edison – Edison, T. A. 不同数量作者的标记：一个作者–Mahoney, D. 两个作者–Mahoney, D. & Cripps, M.多个作者：Robbins, ., Bergmann, R., Stagg, I. & Coulter, M. 不同来源的文献有不同的标记方法，我们每个都解释一下： （英语人标注日期的方法是日/月/年，美国人是月/日/年我们按照英国时间的方式来标注。1-9 需要用1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th表示） 书籍:
《英文科技论文写作与学术报告》测试题答案
英文科技论文写作与学术报告测试题答案 第一部分 1.Which of the following statement is NOT correct?（0/1分） 正确答案:In the conclusion remark or the conclusion,you can just repeat your conclusion remark as the abstract. 2.If the a reference has5authors,how many authors should you include in the reference list?（1/1分） 正确答案:All five authors. 3.What is TRUE if at the procedure to submit a paper?（1/1分） 正确答案:Usually we submit the entire manuscript to a conference or journal. 4.Which is NOT the general style of the reviewers?（1/1分） 正确答案:Implicit 5.In order to help the reviewers save time,we should 正确答案：List our original reviews and the response side by side. 6.Which one is NOT included in“logics in writing paper”? 正确答案:Good theoretical analysis 7.If the publisher sends the proof to you,when should you give a reply?（1/1分）正确答案:In about2days. 8.Which is CORRECT when you list the references? 正确答案:Every reference you list must be referred in the main text. 9.What should you do in the“Problem description and formulation”? 正确答案：Usually you should describe your system configuration,environment
《英语科技论文写作》试卷
《英语科技论文写作》 （封面模板） （标题例）TYPE SYNTHESIS OF ***-TYPE PARALLEL KINEMATIC MECHANISMS AND THE APPLICATION IN MANUFACTURING ***并联机构的型综合及其在制造中的应用 学院：机械工程学院 专业： 班级： 姓名： 学号：
《英语科技论文写作》考试报告要求： 根据《英语科技论文写作》课程所学，结合自己专业方向，上网查阅正式出版的英文文献一篇(期刊论文、国际会议论文等)，篇幅不限。针对查阅的英文文献，从研究型读者角度读懂并深刻理解、分析，考试报告包括以下内容：报告目录：按照研究生论文格式要求 页眉：页面内容提要，不分单双页。不同内容间用逗号分隔。 翻译标题，摘要，关键词(Title、Abstract、Keywords) 对标题、摘要、关键词进行分析，说明作者为什么选择这个标题，摘要表达了什么内容，关键词的选择是基于何种考虑。(从标题、摘要、关键词的检索，能使读者查到论文，并有阅读该篇文献的愿望。) 引言(Introduction)分析：作为开篇，是怎样分析该文章所涉及内容的研究发展状况的，例如以时间为主线，以知名学者的研究为主线，或者以该领域的研究进展为主线，然后分析目前存在的问题，引出作者要研究的方向。(写出对内容的具体分析) 文中部分(Body: Materials & Methods)分析：提出了什么问题，如何分析的(采用的方法，解决问题的渠道，应用的理论和工具，得出的结果，包括数据、图、表等)。如果需要，请粘贴原文(转换成word文档，不允许用图片格式表达原文文字)并说明。 结论(Conclusion)分析：通过全文的理论分析、算法应用、图表表达等，证明所研究的问题论点正确、结果正确、代表了某领域的前沿或者有何创新、有何意义。(有些论文的结论部分省略了，和文中部分的结果合二为一。) 参考文献(Reference)：你读该篇文献、写该报告所查阅的参考文献，并不一定是原文的参考文献。每个人读外文文献，要想了解作者所做的创新工作，就少不了查阅资料的环节。对于文中的相关参考文献要查，对于文中所涉及的新内容、提出的新观点和新方法要查，对于不懂的或者文中没有解释清楚的概念原理要查。因此，不可能不查阅参考文献而深刻理解一篇高水平的科技论文。参考文献的书写格式，请参考邮件附件中的“《写作》课件：文献类型标识及著录格式范例”。注意参考文献应该是你通读过的或者部分查阅的文章、书籍、专利等(中英文皆可)，数目不限。
英语专业本科毕业论文写作规范
四川外国语大学成都学院外语专业本科毕业论文写作规范 本科毕业论文是实现本科培养目标的重要教学环节。毕业论文的写作是对学生综合素质的检验，它既是检测学生综合运用所学的基础理论、专业知识和基本技能进行科学研究、理论思考与实践设计能力的重要手段，也是对他们进行初步的科研训练，掌握基本的科研方法，培养学生观察问题、分析问题和解决问题能力的重要过程。本科毕业论文是学院教学档案的重要组成部分，为了进一步做好本科生毕业论文工作，加强本科毕业论文的规范管理，结合我院实际，特制定本写作规范。 一、毕业论文总要求 本科毕业论文要求学生在掌握本专业的基础理论、专门知识和基本技能的基础上，通过查阅相关资料，有条理、有逻辑地观察问题、分析问题和解决问题。论文要求观点鲜明、论据充分、论证有力、逻辑性强、条理清楚、文字正确通顺、格式规范。同时，论文鼓励学生进行思维与观念上的创新，培养学生的创新能力，鼓励学生发表新见解；论文应该科学合理地利用资料，严禁抄袭或剽窃他人的作品（具体要求见《四川外语学院成都学院本科生毕业论文撰写条例（暂行）》）。 二、毕业论文打印格式 （一）纸型：A4纸型，除封面外，全部双面打印。 （二）页码：页码从正文第二页开始打印（首页不显示），放在页面的底端，采用“页面底端居中”的格式。 （三）字体：用汉语撰写的论文统一采用“宋体”，用英语、法语、俄语、德语、西班牙语撰写的论文采用“时代新罗马（Times New Roman）” 字体，用日语撰写的论文采用“明朝体”。 （四）字号：论文正文的字号用“小四”，章节标题用“四号”加粗。（五）页边距：采用Windows XP默认页边距：上2.54厘米，下2.54厘米，左3.17厘米，右3.17厘米。 （六）装订线：左边1厘米。 （七）行数：每页44行。 （八）页眉页脚：页眉1.5厘米，页脚1.75厘米。 （九）行距：论文全文采用1.5倍行距。 （十）对齐方式：论文正文采用“两端对齐”的方式，标题或副标题采用“居中”的方式。 三、论文组成部分 本科生的毕业论文应该包括以下部分，字数在3000-4000之间： 第一部分：论文封面页（Cover Page） 第二部分：论文题目页（Title Page） 第三部分：论文目录页（Outline Page） 第四部分：论文正文（Body） 第五部分：论文尾注（Endnotes）
超星网课《国际学术论文写作与发表》完整版答案
国际学术论文写作与发表1.1测验 1 【单选题】 论文写作就是将研究数据转变成科学____。 A、 B、 C、 D、 我的答案：B 2 【多选题】 什么是科学论文？ A、 B、 C、 D、 我的答案：ABCD 3 【判断题】 写论文就是简单的把一个个数据堆积上去的过程。 我的答案：× 4 【判断题】 科学论文，无要华丽的辞藻，要求清晰性，第一时间、第一地点，描述科学发现。
我的答案：√ 1.2测验 1 【单选题】 科学论文的结构，第一步是____。 A、 B、 C、 D、 我的答案：B 2 【多选题】 科学研究的方法，分以下哪些步骤？ A、 B、 C、 D、 我的答案：ABCD 3 【判断题】 科学研究方法与科学论文写作之间有非常密切的关系，把科学研究的过程、科学论文写作的过程做比较，找到共同之处，将会收获很大帮助。 我的答案：√ 4 【判断题】 好的研究结果必然带来优秀的论文。 我的答案：×
1.3测验 1 【多选题】 怎样才是一篇优秀的科学论文？ 窗体顶端 A、 B、 C、 D、 E、 我的答案：ABCDE 窗体底端 2 【多选题】 每一个人都是“三者”____。 窗体顶端 A、 B、 C、 D、 我的答案：ACD 窗体底端 3 【判断题】 写文章，要从“三者”的角度去考虑，必能写出优秀的科学论文。我的答案：× 1.4测验
1 【单选题】 “IMMRD”中M代表的功能关键词是____。 窗体顶端 A、 B、 C、 D、 我的答案：A 窗体底端 2 【多选题】 科学论文是向读者传递新知识，所以科学论文的关键特性是____。窗体顶端 A、 B、 C、 D、 我的答案：BCD 窗体底端 3 【多选题】 研究论文的三部曲分为____。 窗体顶端 A、 B、 C、 D、 我的答案：ABD 窗体底端 4 【判断题】
【2018-2019】英语论文的几种格式-word范文模板 (11页)
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！ == 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ == 英语论文的几种格式 篇一：英文论文撰写格式说明 英文论文撰写格式说明 1. 模板文件Author Instructions.rtf里面描述的内容不需要遵照执行，只需要遵照其格式，论文电子版制作均采用MS-Word软件 2. 页面设置（操作—点击“文件”里的“页面设置”进行） 1）新建WORD文档，选用A4纸并进行如下页面设置： 2）页边距：上2.5cm，下1.5cm，左2cm，右2cm，装订线0cm。 3）版式：页眉1.25cm，页脚0.5cm。 4）文档格式：栏数为1，请在“网格”里选用“无网格”项。 3. 论文格式 3.1 行距：若无特别说明，均为单倍行距。 3.2 段落间距：若无特别说明，均为段前0磅，段后0磅。 3.3 论文题目：所有实词首字母大写，Arial字体，14磅，加粗，居中；段落间距为段后6磅。 3.4 作者：Arial字体，14磅，居中，名在前，姓在后，用全称（如：玉娇龙为Jiao Long Yu）, 段落间距为段前6磅。 3.5 地址：Arial字体，11磅，居中，段落间距为段前6磅（若地址太长要强行换行时，则该地址内部段落间距均为0磅） 3.6 Email 格式与地址相同，相邻email间用逗号隔离开
3.6 关键词：Arial字体，11磅，两端对齐，段落间距为段前18磅，其中Keyword：为加粗。冒号后加空格再接关键词，相邻词间用逗号分隔。每个关键词的首字母大写。 3.7 从“摘要”开始到“参考文献”结束，所有正文的字体均为Times New Roman，12磅；两端对齐。 3.8 摘要：段落间距为段前18磅，其中Abstract. 要加粗，在句点后空1格 再紧接摘要内容。 3.9文中各级标题一律不用编号。标题中所有实词的首字母均大写。标题不要 超出二级标题。 3.10文中一级标题：加粗，两端对齐，段落间距为段前18磅，段后6磅，独 立成段。 3.11文中二级标题：标题加句点，加粗。句点号后空1格再紧接正文内容。若二级标题位于一级标题后的第一段，那么二级标题无需右缩进。否则，二级标题向右缩进5mm. 3.12正文除在一级标题后的第一段不右缩首行，其余各段首行均向右缩进5mm. 4. 图表的格式及其引用 4.1 文中表格尽量采用三线表，且不宜过于复杂。表格整体最大宽度不要大于版心宽度(17cm). 4.2 表题与表格都居中排列，无文字环绕。表题与上正文间隔一行，表格与下正文间隔一行。 4.3 表题与表格的字体与字号均与正文相同。需要时，表中字体可适当变小，但不得小于10.5磅。 4.4 表题在表格的上方，表序用“Table 1, Table 2?”表示，Table和后面的数字间加1空格，数字后面与文字之间加2个空格，其它说明写在表格的下方或旁边；表格中如有单位，应写在方括号内（如：[mm]）例： Table 3 High and low settings of predictor variables 4.5 正文中引用表格时，直接用表序即可。 4.6 文中图要与正文保持一定间隔，图题在图的下方或图的一侧，且与图为一整体。图序用“Fig. 1, Fig. 2,?”表示，Fig.和后面的数字间加1空格，数字后面与文字之间加2个空格。注意图的质量。如要节省版面，可以一行中并排放置多个图片。
英语论文格式字号
英语论文格式字号 【篇一：英文论文字体要求】 英语论文格式规范(附样例) a contrastive study between english and chinese idioms （题目：二号，黑体，加粗，居中,除了英语小词外，其他单词首字 母都要大写；另外：除了题目外，论文中所有英文的字体均采用“times new roman”） xxx学院 11xxxxx xxx 指导老师：xxx （学院、专业、学号、作者姓名、指导教师姓名（小四号宋体字， 加粗），依次排印在论文题目下，上空二行，居中） 【abstract】 this paper centers on the different expressions of ?? （英文摘要：上空二行；题目采用五号“times new roman”字体，加粗，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后的内容与前面的粗 体方括号【】之间空一格，不用其他任何标点符号；采用五号“times new roman”字体，不加粗；单倍行距。） 【key words】 idiom; comparison; english; chinese （英文关键词：题目采用五号“times new roman”字体，加粗，两个单词的首字母要大写，置于粗体方括号【】内，顶格放置；随后 的内容与前面的粗体方括号【】之间空一格，不用任何其他标点符号，采用五号“times new roman”字体，不加粗，除了专有名词外，其他单词的首字母不大写，各单词之间用分号“；”隔开，分号之后 空一格；最后一个关键词之后不用任何标点符号；单倍行距。） 1. introduction (顶格，除了第一个单词及专有名词外，其他单词首字母都不要大写；标题最后不用任何标点符号，上空两行) in both english and chinese, ?. so, this essay is trying to focus on the differences between chinese and english idoms in terms of their essential meaning, customary usage and typical expression (chang liang, 1993:44; li guangling, 1999). (段落第一行缩进4个英文字符；夹注的标注法：出现在夹注中的作 者必须与文后的参考文献形成一一对应关系；注意一个或多个作者 间的标点符号，时间、页码等的标注法；另外，汉语参考文献的作 者要以拼音形式出现，不能出现汉语姓氏；夹注出现在标点符号之前)
英语学术论文写作 学术论文的写作要求及写作方法
英语学术论文写作学术论文的写作要求及 写作方法 (一）题名（Title,Topic） 题名又称题目或标题。题名是以最恰当、最简明的词语反映论文中最重要的特定内容的逻辑组合。 论文题目是一篇论文给出的涉及论文范围与水平的第一个重要信息，也是必须考虑到有助于选定关键词不达意和编制题录、索引等二次文献可以提供检索的特定实用信息。 论文题目十分重要，必须用心斟酌选定。有人描述其重要性，用了下面的一句话："论文题目是文章的一半"。 对论文题目的要求是：准确得体：简短精炼：外延和内涵恰如其分：醒目。对这四方面的要求分述如下。 1．准确得体 要求论文题目能准确表达论文内容，恰当反映所研究的范围和深度。常见毛病是：过于笼统，题不扣文。如："金属疲劳强度的研究"过于笼统，若改为针对研究的具体对象来命题。效果会好得多，例如"含镍名牌的合金材料疲劳强度的研究"，这样的题名就要贴切得多。再如："35Ni-15Cr型铁基高温合金中铝和钛含量对高温长期性能和组织稳定性能的影响的研究"这样的论文题目，既长又不准确，题名中的35Ni-15Cr是何含义，令人费解，是百分含量？是重量比？体积比？金属牌号？或是其它什么，请教不得而知，这就叫题目含混不清，解决的办法就是要站在读者的角度，清晰地点示出论文研究的内容。假
如上面的题目中，指的是百分含量，可放在内文中说明，不必写在标题中，标题中只需反映含Ni和Cr这一事实即可。可参考的修改方案为："Ni、Cr合金中Al和Ti含量对高温性能和组织稳定性的影响"。关键问题在于题目要紧扣论文内容，或论文内容民论文题目要互相匹配、紧扣，即题要扣文，文也要扣题。这是撰写论文的基本准则。2．简短精炼 力求题目的字数要少，用词需要精选。至于多少字算是合乎要求，并无统一的"硬性"规定，一般希望一篇论文题目不要超出20个字，不过，不能由于一味追求字数少而影响题目对内容的恰当反映，在遇到两者确有矛时，宁可多用几个字也要力求表达明确。若简短题名不足以显示论文内容或反映出属于系列研究的性质，则可利用正、副标题的方法解决，以加副标题来补充说明特定的实验材料，方法及内容等信息，使标题成为既充实准确又不流于笼统和一般化。如?q（主标题）有源位错群的动力学特性--（副标题）用电子计算机模拟有源位错群的滑移特性"。 3．外延和内涵要恰如其分 "外延"和"内涵"属于形式逻辑中的概念。所谓外延，是指一个概念所反映的每一个对象；而所谓内涵，则是指对每一个概念对象特有属性的反映。 命题时，若不考虑逻辑上有关外延和内涵的恰当运用，则有可能出现谬误，至少是不当。如："对农村合理的全、畜、机动力组合的设计"这一标题即存在逻辑上的错误。题名中的"人"，其外延可能是青壮年，