英语修辞
头韵（Alliteration）
头韵是两个或两个以上的词的首字母发音相同而产生的音韵。在广告中使用头韵看起来醒目，读起来悦耳。另外，某些音位的组合所具有的特定联想意义，能体现语言与事物的有机联系和内在和谐。例如：
Export fair set for foreign-funded firms．（博览会广告）
这是一则外资企业出口产品博览会的广告，七个词中有五个（fair，for，foreign，funded，firms）互押头韵。听起来好像是博览会在文质彬彬地迎接众多外资企业。Bathing Beauty Discovered in Interior Decorator's Bathroom．（瓷砖广告）
这则广告中有两组头韵词“Bathing，Beauty，Bathroom”和“Discovered，Decorator's”，让消费者将装修与美丽联系起来，暗示了产品的神奇效果。
One man's disaster is another man's delight．（削价售货广告）
One man's meat is another man's poison. 一个人的佳肴常为另一人的毒药。
Peter Piper picked a peck of picking pepper.（alliteration）
皮特.派特咽下了一口腌菜用的胡椒粉。
twist and turn 迂回曲折
might and main 尽全力
part and parcel 重要部分
safe and sound 安然无恙
spick and span 崭新的，极干净的
time and tide 岁月，时光
go to rack and ruin 陷于毁灭
slow and sure 慢而稳，稳妥
hale and hearty 老当益壮
chop and change 变幻莫测（尤指观点,计划等）
fair and foul 在任何情况下
weal and woe 福祸
sum and substance 主要情况，要点（尤指讲话的主要部分）
forgive and forget 不念旧恶
wax and wane （月的）盈亏圆缺；盛衰
for fame and fortune 为了名利
for the fantasy of fame 有名无实
dine and wine 大吃大喝
远来的和尚会念经Far fowls have fair feathers. (远处的鸟羽毛更美丽。)
面善心恶A fair face hides a foul heart.
上海迅速发展成为一个充满生机和希望的城市。
Shanghai has been developing rapidly into a city full of vigor and vitality and showin g a great promise.
We should serve the people heart and soul.
The missing child came back safe and sound.
They quarreled last night and this morning she left, bag and baggage.
After the fight, he was black and blue all over.
尾韵end rhyme
尾韵是两个或两个以上的词的尾元音及其后的辅音相同而产生的音韵。
Emergency Medical Insurance and Assistance．（保险广告）
“Insurance”与“Assistance”押尾韵，让投保者联想到“保险”与“帮助”的必然联系。
Most Spacious and Luxurious．（汽车广告）
“Spacious”与“Luxurious”押尾韵，增加了广告的音乐性，使消费者对空间大、豪华舒服的汽车羡慕不已。
押在诗行最后一个重读音节上，叫尾韵。这是英文诗歌最常见的押韵部位。
Spring, the sweet spring, is the year’s pleasant king;
Then blooms each thing, then maids dance in a ring,
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house is in the village though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the year.
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there is some mistake.
The only other sound's the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake
The woods are lovely, dark and deep.
But I have promises to keep,
And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.
我想我认识树林的主人
他家住在林边的农村；
他不会看见我暂停此地，
欣赏他披上雪装的树林。
我的小马准抱着个疑团：
干嘛停在这儿，不见人烟，
在一年中最黑的晚上，
停在树林和冰湖之间。
它摇了摇颈上的铃铎，
想问问主人有没有弄错。
除此之外唯一的声音
是风飘绒雪轻轻拂过。
树林真可爱，既深又黑，
但我有许多诺言不能违背，
还要赶多少路才能安睡，
还要赶多少路才能安睡。
《雪夜林边驻足》是美国著名诗人弗罗斯特的代表作, 也被认为是最美的抒情诗之一。这是该诗的最后一节。作者在该节诗中运用了尾韵的修辞方法(deep, keep, sleep),声情并茂地描述了雪夜林边,诗人留恋着幽深美丽的森林,但又不得不继续赶路的矛盾心情。尾韵长元音的运用不仅仅构成了和谐、押韵的听觉美,同时更富有语音联想,象征着“路漫漫、夜茫茫”,其声音效果为全诗主题服务。加上最后两句重复修辞方法的巧妙运用使该诗的内在思想与外在语言的表达形式上产生了美的共鸣,进一步地强调了诗人“任重道远,永往直前”的决心,因而,提升了语言表达效果。
Fire and Ice
by Robert Frost
Some say the world will end in fire,
Some say in ice.
From what I've tasted of desire，
I hold with those who favor fire.
But if it had to perish twice,
I think I know enough of hate
To know that for destruction ice
Is also great
and would suffice.
火与冰
罗伯特·弗洛斯特
有人说世界将结束于熊熊烈焰，
有人则说结束于凛凛寒冰。
欲望如火，体会其烈，
则知世之归于火为我所愿。
但若其必两度遭逢毁灭，
我知恨之极至，
必然明了，毁灭之冰，
同样魁伟，
同样顺人心意。
所谓pun，通常是指利用一个单词的两个含义，或者利用两个特定的单词，达到“一语双关”的目的。
They pray for you today and prey on you tomorrow.
pray(祈祷)和prey(捕食)，发音相同，外形相似，因此这句话的意思是：他们今天为你祈祷，明天就会加害于你。
He drove his expensive car into a tree and found out how the Mercedes bends.
他违章超速驾驶，结果将昂贵的名车撞到树上，他终于看到他的奔驰车(Mercedes)是怎样撞弯(bends)的。
这句话的幽默之处是将Mercedes Benz(奔驰车)中的Benz，故意改写成bends。Time flies like an arrow, fruit flies like a banana.
A bicycle can't stand on its own because it is two-tyred.
One day an English grammar teacher was looking ill.
A student asked, "What's the matter?"
"Tense," answered the teacher, describing how he felt.
The student paused, then continued, "What was the matter? What has been the matter? What might have been the matter... ?"
Teacher: Rumiko, be careful your purse is open. Someone might take your money! Rumiko: Oh, no. I left it open so I can get more money.
Teacher: How can you get more money?
Rumiko: The weather report said we would have some change in our weather! Boyfriend: What is your favorite music group?
Girlfriend: I love U2!
Boyfriend: I love you too, but what is your favorite music group?
英语修辞格
修辞格(figures of speech) 大体分为三类：音韵修辞格(phonological rhetoric al devices ) ；词义修辞格(semantic rhetorical devices) 和句法修辞格(syntact ical rhetorical devices)
（一）音韵修辞格(phonological rhetorical devices)
Alliteration就是在一个词组或一个诗行中，有两个以上彼此靠近的词，其开头的音节（或其他重读音节）具有同样的字母或声音.
Peter Piper picked a peck of picking pepper.（alliteration）
皮特.派特咽下了一口腌菜用的胡椒粉。
Assonance是在一句话或在一个诗行中间，有两个或更多的词具有相同的元音。
With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a sto ne of hope.
怀着这个信念，我们能把绝望的大山凿成希望的磐石。
沁园春－雪
北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。
望长城内外，维余茫茫；大河上下，顿失滔滔。
山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高。
Snow
To the tune of Spring Beaming in Garden
What a scene is in the north found!
A thousand li of the earth is ice-clad aground,
The thousand li of the sky is snow-bound.
Behold! At both sides of the Great Wall
An expense of whiteness conquers all
In the yellow river, up and down,
The surging waves are gone!
Like sliver snakes the mountains dance,
Like wax elephants the highlands bounce,
All try to be higher than heaven even once!
Onomatopoeia是模仿事物发出的声响的修辞手法，与汉语的拟声辞格完全相同。恰当地运用它可以使语言更加形象生动。
在英美文学终，拟声词的应用非常广泛：
如：摹仿金属声的有：clash, clank, ting, tinkle, clang, jangle, ding-dong, t ick-tack, etc.
摹仿水等液体声的有： splash, bubble, sizz, sizzle, splish-splosh, drip-drop, etc.
摹仿各种动物叫声有： neigh, baa, moo, miao, screech, hiss, cook-a-doodle-do, etc.
摹仿人的各种声音有： giggle, chuckle, shriek, snort, sneeze, snigger, smack, whisper, grunt, grumble, mumble, sputter, murmur, chatter, gurgle, whoop, etc.
note: (词义的转变) 英语拟声词往往不仅仅指声音，并兼指产生声音的动作，（即转义后可做动词或名词）：
如：flap 本指扁平物体拍打时发出的“啪嗒”声，但转义后也可做动词“拍打”（动词 to flap, 名词 a flap）
又如：bang 本指“砰砰”的敲物声，转义后，可指敲物的动作＂敲打＂（v. to bang, n. a bang）
拟声词的译法参见张培基《英汉翻译教程》 page 170.
（二）词义修辞格(semantic rhetorical devices)
词义修辞格主要借助语义的联想和语言的变化等特点创造出来的修辞手法。它们主要包括 simile, metaphor, allusion, metonymy, transferred epithet, personification, hyperbole, irony, euphemism, pun, oxymoron, zeugma etc.
Simile与汉语的明喻基本相同，用某一事物或情境来比拟另一个事物或情境。其本体和喻体均同时出现在句中，在形式上是相对应的。英语 simile 的比喻词一般是 like, as （……as）等, 汉语明喻的比喻词通常是好象、仿佛等。例如：
As brave as a lion 像狮子一样勇猛。
As timid as a rabbit 胆小如鼠
Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像梦一样一闪而过。
Her teeth are like pearls. 她的牙齿像珍珠一样。
Metaphor兼有汉语隐喻、暗喻特点，如：
Experience is the mother of wisdom. 经验为智慧之母。
He has a heart of stone. 他的心像石头一样硬。
My brother studies hard. He is the head of his class. 我弟弟学习很用功，他在班上是头一号。
The fruit of his efforts. 他辛勤劳动的成果。
He lives in that match-box of a house. 他住的房子火柴盒那么点大。
Allusion与汉语的暗引相近似。其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。英语引用最多的是源出《圣经》故事以及希腊、罗马神话、《伊索寓言》和那些源远流长的谚语、格言等。例如：
（1）Grammar may be his heel of Achilles.语法是他的大弱点。（Achilles是希腊神话
中的一位勇士。除了脚踵处，他身上其他地方刀枪不入。）
（2）The project is an economic albatross from the start.
这个项目从一开始就是一个摆脱不了的经济难题。(Albatross是英国诗人柯勒律治的《古舟子咏》中的信天翁，它被忘恩负义的水手杀死后，全船陷入灾难中。)
Metonymy 大体上相当于汉语的借代，如Crown（王冠）可以替代king, the white house 可以替代美国总统或政府， the bottle 代替 wine or alcohol. Ect.
The baby was brought up on the bottle.
这个婴儿是喝牛奶或羊奶长大的。（metonymy──用奶瓶代奶）
The pen is mightier than the sword.
笔杆子比刀枪厉害。
I don’t ride a wheel, but I am a good oar.
我不会开车，我会开船。
personification与汉语拟人完全相同，就是赋予物以人的言语属性。
如：宗教不得不干预政治。
It is impermissible to interfere with politics in the name of religion.
如：
youth is hot and bold,
age is weak and cold,
youth is wild, and age is tame.
---- William Shakespeare
这几行诗中， youth & age 被当作两个人来描写。
Hyperbole与汉语的夸张完全相同, 都是为了表达深刻的感受,抒发强烈的感情，通过故意夸大事实来给人留下深刻的印象。例如：
His words made my blood freeze. 听了他的话，我的血都快凝固了。
The woman shed a flood of tears. 那女人泪流满面。
It took a few dollars to build this indoor swimming pool. (夸小 )
irony可以译成汉语的反语。例如：
everybody says it, and what everybody says, must be true.
大家都这样说，大家都说的肯定是真的。（实际上不是真的）
Pun与汉语双关一样，谐音双关（homophonic puns）和语义双关（homographic puns）。
例如：
What does that lawyer do after he dies?--Lie still. 那个律师死后干什么？──躺着仍说鬼话。(注：lie躺，撒谎；still安静地，仍然)
Oxymoron(矛盾修辞法) 是将相互矛盾的概念和判断巧妙地联系在一起，以便相互映衬，突出事物的特点，表达复杂的思想感情和意味深长的哲理。矛盾修辞手法在英语中常见，但在汉语中很少见。如：sweet sorrow 忧喜参半 (不是甜蜜的悲伤)； proud humility 不卑不亢 (不是骄傲的谦卑) 。
When the news of the failure came, al his friends said that it was a victor ious defeat.
she read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile.
Zeugma（轭式搭配法）是用一个词（动词、形容词或介词）与两个以上的在意义上不相干的名词搭配。它用词简练，饶有风趣，与汉语的拈连在性质上完全一致。例如：
She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy.
她对这个无家可归的孩子打开了自己的大门，也打开了自己的心扉。
Sweet summer swear (Hotel California)
Clothes that fit the man and the times.
Euphemism就是用转弯抹角的说法来代替直截了当的话，把原来显得粗鲁或令人尴尬的语言温和、含蓄地表达出来。这在汉语中叫委婉语。
回避忌讳 (linguistic taboo)
英语中的 die
go to sleep 长眠
to be dead 老了
to expire 逝世
to rest in peace 安息
to go west 归西天
to go to one’s last home 回老家
to pay the debt of nature 了结尘缘
to be called to God 去见上帝
to end one’s day 寿终，谢世
to breathe one’s last 咽气，断气
to be no more 没了，不在了
to close one’s eyes 闭眼，合眼
to lay down one’s life 献身，捐躯
to depart from one’s life 离开人世，撒手人寰
to go to heaven 升天，仙逝，进天堂
to pass away 去世，永别，与世长辞
汉语中，帝王之死称“驾崩”，诸侯之死“薨”，大夫之死“卒”，士之死“不禄”，将士之死“阵亡，捐躯，牺牲”，百姓之死“过世，作古”，老者之死“寿终，谢世”，少年之死“夭折”，中年之死“早逝”，靓女之死“玉陨香消”；无疾而死“寿终正寝”，
突然得病而死“暴病”，自杀而死“自尽，寻短见”，坏人之死“该死”；佛家之死“圆寂，坐化”，道家之死“升仙，仙逝”。
由此可见，从死亡者的社会地位，年龄，职业，性别，生者与死者的关系，态度，都体现在委婉语中。
避免粗俗：
当涉及到：两性行为，生殖排泄或身体的隐私部位的时候，尽量避免粗俗语言。
如：对不起，我得去方便一下，就一会儿。
Sorry, I must answer the call of nature. It won’t be long.
但，汉英不同文化传统和道德观念，中西方人的privacy有这不同的内涵。中国人对工资，年龄，婚姻状况等比较开放，对男女**之事却视作禁区，这与西方人的观念相反。因此在翻译的时候要注意：
如：
他人不坏，靠得住，党员，有发展前途。后来，我告诉他我曾和别人干过那事儿，他就不要我了。（张辛欣《漂亮的三丫头》）
he was a good man, reliable, a Party member and he had prospects. But later, when I told him that I had already had *** with somebody, he didn’t want anyt hing more to do with me.
软化语气：尽量减少对方的反感，以利于对方认同与接受。
如：
由于大家都知道的原因，两国人民之间的来往中断了二十多年。现在，经过中美双方的共同努力，友好往来的大门终于打开了。（周恩来：《在欢迎尼克松总统宴会上的祝酒词》）as it is known to all, the friendship relation between our two nations has suspended for more than 20 years, and now this door has been opened again with our common efforts.
（三）句法修辞格(syntactical rhetorical devices)
句子结构上的修辞格主要是指通过句子结构的均衡布局或是突出重点创造出来的修辞手法。这类辞格主要包括repetition, rhetorical question, antithesis, apostrophe 等。它们与汉语中的反复、设问、对偶、倒装基本相同。例如：
(1)I have written in bed and written out of it, written day and night.
我卧床写，起床写；白天写，晚上也写。（repetition）
(2)The gods, they say, give breath , and they take it away. But the same could be said-could it not? 人都说老天爷把气赐予生灵，又把气夺走。不过这话用在小小的逗号上，何尝不是如此？(rhetorical question)
(3)Man proposes, God disposes. 谋事在人，成事在天。(antithesis)
(4)Up went the balloon into the cloudless sky.
气球腾空而起，飘入万里无云的蓝天。(anastrophe)
Rhetoric 修辞
文章最忌语言枯燥无味，一篇好的作文，语言应该生动形象。而恰当地运用修辞手法，可以使文字新鲜活泼、具体逼真，大大增强艺术表现力，扩大语言表达的范围；而且还可以激发读者的想象，给人留下深刻的印象。下面介绍一些英语作文中常用的修辞手法。
1. 比喻(metaphor)
比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻：
明喻(simile)：
A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared.
明喻：一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较.
用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如：
“How like the winter hath my absence been” or “So are you to my thoughts as food to life” (Shakespeare).
如“我的离开好象是冬天来临”或“你对我的思想就象食物对于生命一样重要”（莎士比亚）
O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。
The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。
He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。
Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。
暗喻(metaphor)：缩写met.，metaph.
A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison.
用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如：
He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。
The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。
“a sea of troubles”
“忧愁之海”
“All the world's a stage”(Shakespeare)
“整个世界一台戏”(莎士比亚)
2. 换喻(metonymy)
用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。比如用the White House 代替美国政府或者总统，用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol，用the bar 来代替the legal profession，用crown代替king等。例如：His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。
The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。
He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年继承了王位。
3. 举隅，提喻(synecdoche)
以局部代表整体（如用手代表水手），以整体代表局部（如用法律代表警官），以特殊代表一般（如用直柄剃刀代表杀人者），以一般代表特殊（如用贼代表扒手），或用原材料代表用该材料制
造的东西（如用钢代表剑）例如：
He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。
The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. 在收获季节里农场缺乏劳动力。
Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。
He is the Newton of this century. 他是这个世纪的牛顿。
4. 拟人(personification)
拟人，人格化：给无生命的东西或者抽象的东西赋予人的个性或绘以人的形象，把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法。例如：
Hunger sat shivering on the road
饥饿站在路上颤抖
Flowers danced about the lawn
花儿在草地上翩翩起舞
My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。
This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。
The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 当她经过的时候花儿向
她点头致意。
The wind whistled through the trees. 风穿过树丛，树叶哗哗作响。
5. 委婉(euphemism)
用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语，以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。例如：用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代替to die
用senior citizens代替old people
用a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil
用weight watcher代替fat people
用mental hospital 代替madhouse或者asylum
用emotionally disturbed代替mad
用washroom, men's / women's room代替lavatory
用handicapped代替crippled
用low income brackets; underprivileged; disadvantaged 代替poor people
6. 双关(pun)
用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果：表面上是一个意思，而实际上却暗含另一个意思，这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。例如：
A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器)
一发炮弹打断了他的腿，所以他缴械投降了。
“Can I try on that gown in the window?”asked a would-be customer.
“Certainly not, madam!”replied the salesman. 我可以试穿一下橱窗里的那件睡袍吗？或者：我可以在橱窗里试穿那件睡袍吗？
Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水使一个人虚弱。或者：七天没有水就是一周没有水。
7. 反语(irony)
使用与真正意义相反的词，正话反说或者反话正说，从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。下面就是莎士比亚的戏剧Julius Caesar 中的一个运用反语的很好的例子，Brutus出于野心刺杀了Caesar, Caesar 的好友Antony 讥讽Brutus 说：
Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest—
For Brutus is an honorable man;
So are they all, all honorable men—
Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral.
He was my friend, faithful and just to me:
But Brutus says he was ambitious;
And Brutus is an honorable man.
在Antony 的话里反复使用honorable这个词就是一个反语的例子。
8. 矛盾修饰(oxymoron)
把相互矛盾的两个词用在一起的修辞方法。它利用词义表面的相互矛盾使表层的不和谐统一在思想内容的深层，从而揭示事物对立统一的本质特征，达到加深印象的目的。例如：
deafening silence震耳欲聋的沉默
a mournful optimist. 悲伤的乐观
She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile. 她带着含泪的微笑读那封盼望已久的信。
The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.教练为了对他的受训者仁慈就要对他们残酷。
During his useful life he often felt he was useless. 在他大有作为的一生中他老是感到自己无用。
其他还有sweet pain; thunderous silence; luxurious poverty; heavy lightness; living death; impossible hope 等等。
9. 轭式搭配(zeugma)
把适用于某一事物的词语顺势用到另外一事物上的方法。在同一个句子里一个词可以修饰或者控制两个或更多的词，它可以使语言活泼，富有幽默感。例如：
She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy. 她对那无家可归的男孩打开了房门，也敞开了胸怀。
As I left home after breakfast, I shivered inwardly as well as outwardly. 早餐之后我离开家的时候，我的里里外外都在颤抖。
I would my horse had the speed of your tongue. 我希望我的马能有你的舌头的速度。
10. 移位修饰(transferred epithet)
将本应该用来修饰某一类名词的修饰语用来修饰另一类名词。例如：
There was a short, thoughtful silence. 出现了一阵短暂的、令人沉思
的寂静。
The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder. 老人把一只令人安心的手放在我的肩膀上。
He closed his busy life at the age of sixty. 在六十岁时他结束了他那忙碌的一生。
This is the cheapest market in this country. 这是这个国家最便宜的市场了。
11. 头韵(alliteration)
两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。例如：proud as a peacock
blind as a bat
safe and sound
“on scrolls of silver snowy sentences”(Hart Crane)
“写满银色雪般句子的卷轴上”(哈特·克兰)
Long and loudly little Lily laughed. 小莉莉长时间地、大声地笑着。
The windows waved violently in the wind. 窗户在风中剧烈地摇动。
The sun sank slowly. 太阳慢慢地下沉。
英语中常见的修辞手法
英语中常见的修辞手法
英语中常见的修辞手法 1明喻(Simile) simile －简明英汉词典['s?m?li:] n. (使用like或as等词语的)明喻 明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白，使人可见可感可悟，把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。例如： Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.（正如爬山，我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。）(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B) I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻，把德国士兵比作蝗虫，因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。) 2暗喻(the metaphor) metaphor －简明英汉词典 ['met?f?] n. 隐喻
暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征，用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。本体和喻体之间不用比喻词，只是在暗中打比方，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。例如： I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.（我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。）(第二册第三单元课文A) Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧，孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。)（大学英语第二册第七单元课文A） Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding.（每一封信就像落在肥沃土地上的种子，浪漫之花含苞待放。）(大学英语第一册地五单元课文A) 3 转喻(the metonymy) 转喻是通过相近的联想，借喻体代替本体。转喻是比隐喻更进一步的比喻，它根本不说出本体事物，直接用比喻事物代替本体事物。例如： The buses in America are on strike now.美国的公共汽车司机正在罢工（这里buses 喻指司机drivers)。“Well,”said the doctor.“I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral porcession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines.”(“好吧，”医生说，“我会尽力做到科学能做到的，但每当我的病人开始数自己葬礼上的马车时，药物的疗效就会减掉一半。”)（大学英语第三册第六单元课文A） 4夸张(the exaggeration) exaggeration －英汉双向大词典 D.J.[?g?z?d???re???n] - exaggeration n. 1．夸张,夸大 2．夸张的言语;夸张的手法 - Exaggeration n. 夸张；夸大 把事物的特征，有意地加以夸大或缩小，就叫夸张，即采用“言过其实”的说法，使事物的本质特征更好地呈现出来。英语中夸张修辞格，应用极为频繁。夸张的功能是突出事物的本质特征，因而给人强烈印象或警悟、启发。例如：
英语修辞手法的解释和例句
英语修辞手法的解释和例句 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉
英语修辞简介
A General Survey of English Rhetorics Simile and metaphor New China is like a red sun rising in the east. Subject/tenor-----reference/vehicle-----indicator of resemblance/simile marker Simile marker:like/as/as if/as though/as….as/similar to etc. Mother was short and plump and pretty.Her eyes were blue,and her brown hair was like a bird’s smooth wings…. Avoid to use outdated similes.---fresh as a rose/brave as a lion/cunning as a fox/proud as peacock. Metaphor-------condensed simile The news is a dagger to his heart. Joe fought like a lion------Joe was a lion in the battle. The gossip was like a net that strangled her. The parks of our city are like human lungs.The parks are the lungs of our city. She was strangled in the net of gossip. Money is the lens in a camera.(J.T.Adams) Notes: Add fuel to the flames A bolt from the blue Castles in the air Constant dropping wears the stone You will cross the bridge when you get to it. Carry coals to Newcastle Excises: 1)The data processing is going on as slow as a snail. 2)Every man has a fool in his sleeve. 3)The brains don’t lie in the beard. 4)Two heads are better than one. 5)An ounce of practice is worth a pound of theory. Analogy 类比是就两种本质上不同的事物之间的几个共同的特征或相似点进行平行比较，从中找出两者的相似之处，得出针对性极强的结论。它比比喻的着眼点更广阔，描述更充分。 Judicious praise is to children what the sun is to flowers. An individual human existence should be like a river----small at first,narrowly contained within its banks,and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls.Gradually the river grows wider,the banks recede,the waters flow more quietly,and in the end,without any visible break,they become merged in the sea,and painlessly lose their individual being. _____Bertrand Russell
高考英语作文常用修辞手法
高考英语作文常用修辞手法 高考英语作文常用修辞手法 文章最忌语言枯燥无味，一篇好的作文，语言应该生动形象。而恰当 地运用修辞手法，可以使文字新鲜活泼、具体逼真，大大增强艺术表 现力，扩大语言表达的范围；而且还可以激发读者的想象，给人留下 深刻的印象。下面介绍一些英语作文中常用的修辞手法。 1 比喻(etaphr) 比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻： 明喻(siile)： 用lie, as, asas, as if(thugh) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如： lve’s lie a red, red rse 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 The an an’t be trusted He is as slipper as an eel 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。 He uped as if he had been stung他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。 hildhd is lie a siftl passing drea 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。 暗喻(etaphr)： 用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如： He has a heart f stne 他有一颗铁石心肠。 The rld is a stage 世界是一个大舞台。 2 换喻(etn)
用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。比如用the hite Huse 代替美国政府或者总统，用the bttle来代替ine 或者alhl，用the bar 来代替the legal prfessin，用rn代替ing等。例如： His purse uld nt all hi that luxur 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种 奢华。 The ther did her best t tae are f the radle 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。 He sueeded t the rn in 1848 他在1848年继承了王位。 3 提喻(snedhe) 指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分，以特殊代表一般或者用 一般代表特殊。例如： He earns his bread b riting 他靠写作挣钱谋生。 The fars ere shrt f hands during the harvest seasn 在收获季节里农场缺乏劳动力。 Australia beat anada at riet 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿 大队。 He is the Netn f this entur 他是这个世纪的牛顿。 4 拟人(persnifiatin) 把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法叫拟人。例如： heart as singing 我的心在歌唱。 This tie fate as siling t hi 这一次命运朝他微笑了。
最新高级英语修辞
1.生动形象的Simile(明喻) 英语词格simile（明喻）是一种最简单、最常用的修辞方法，也是运用最为广泛的一种修辞手段。在此文学作品中尤其如此。《文学词典》（A Dictionary of Literary Terms）对明喻是这样定义的： A figure of speech in which one thing is likened to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is explicit comparison (as oppose to the metaphor where comparison is implicit) recognizable by the use of words ―like‖ or ―as‖. 这个定义对明喻的界定既有权威性又有普遍性，许多论述英语修辞的书籍或文章在讲到明喻时，其叙述都没有超出这个概念。 根据定义，明喻是一种表现一事物像另一事物的修辞格。说得通俗点，也就是大比方，既把要描述的事物——本体（A）用比喻词语另一种具有鲜明 的同一特征的事物——喻体（B）联系起来。常用的比喻词有as(如), like(像), seem(似乎), as if(好像), as though(好像), such as(像…..一样)等。其基本格式是“A is like B”或“A is as…as B”。Simile在英语中应用的很广泛，用以状、 写景、抒情、喻理，可收到生动形象、简明明了、新鲜有趣的修辞效果。先 看引自《大学英语精读》（College English, 董亚芬总主编，下同）中的几个 例子。 The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (College English, Book 1, Unit 3) 支票像只断了翅膀的小鸟似的飘落在地板上。 一位孤苦伶仃的老人在生日那天，满心欢喜地期待她的女儿来给她祝寿，至 少给她寄份生日礼物，最终等到的却是一张冷冰冰的支票。此句形象地描述了老 人收到支票后的心情——她多么失望，就让那张令她伤心的支票随风飘落吧！这 个比喻的比喻词是like。 Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit we cannot flower and grow without it. (College English, Book 2, Unit 10) 对于人的精神来说，赞扬就像阳光一样：没有它我们便不能开花生长。 作者借助明喻形象地说明赞扬的作用，赞扬对于人的精神如阳光对于生命一样重 要，对于我们来说是不可或缺的。此句的比喻词也是like。 Under the bundle tottered the old woman, her face as while as a linen sheet. (21st Century College English, Book 1, Unit 4) 包袱底下，正是那位步履踉跄的老妇人，她的脸白得像块亚麻布。 这句话传神地刻画出洗衣女大病初愈后苍白的面色。这句话的比喻词是as。 英语中有许多谚语包含着美妙的明喻，闪烁着语言艺术的光彩。这些谚语多数以like和as 作为比喻词。例如： Wit without learning is like a tree without fruit. 有天资而无学识，好比树木不结果实。 Choose an author as you choose a friend. 择书如择友。 Use a book as a bee does flowers. 读书如蜜蜂采花。
(完整版)英语中19种修辞手法和例句
1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。 例如: 1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily－like voice.（用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花）鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音. 2>.Taste the music of Mozart.（用嗅觉形容听觉）品尝Mozart的音乐. 6.Personification 拟人 拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物. 例如: 1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化） 2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化） 7.Hyperbole 夸张 夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果.. 例如: 1>.I beg a thousand pardons. 2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars. 3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out. 8.Parallelism 排比, 平行 这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体. 例如: 1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one
英语18种重要修辞手法
18种重要修辞手法 一、语义修辞 1明喻（simile） 俗称直喻，是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似关系而构成的修辞格。例如： 1.The snow was like a white blanket drawn over the field. 2.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 认真观察以上各例，我们会发现它们的特点，由（as）... as, like等引导，这些引导词被称作比喻词（acknowledging word），它们是辨别明喻的最显著的特征，明喻较为直白，比喻物和被比喻物之间相似点较为明显，所以明喻是一种比较好判断的修辞手法。 2暗喻（metaphor） 也称隐喻，是依据比喻和被比喻两种不同事物的相似或相关关系而构成的修辞格。例如： 1.His friend has becom e a thorn in his side.（他的朋友已变成眼中钉肉中刺。） 2.You a re your mother’s glass.(你是你母亲的翻版。) 3.Hope is a good breakfast, but it’s a bad supper. 由以上各例可知，暗喻没有引导词，这是明喻和暗喻在形式上的最大区别。换句话说，有为明喻，没有为暗喻。如：He has a heart of stone. He has a heart like stone.很显然，前句是暗喻，后句是明喻。暗喻时，比喻物和被比喻物之间的相似点较为含蓄，猛一看它们毫无关系，实际却有着某种内在联系。 谈到暗喻，有必要说说它的两种变体（variety）：博喻（sustained metaphor）和延喻（exte nded metaphor），它们是英语比喻中的特殊类型。 （1）博喻 连续使用多个喻体去比喻主体的方法就叫做博喻。比如： There again cam e out the second flash, with the spring of a serpent and the sho ut of a fiend, looked green as an emerald, and the reverberation was stunning.(爆发了 第二次闪电，她像蛇一样蜿蜒，如魔鬼般嘶叫，像翠玉般碧绿，轰隆隆震耳欲聋。) 这个例子中对闪电的比喻就用了三个喻体，spring of a serpent（动态），shout of a fiend （声音），green as an emerald(颜色)，它们从不同角度绘声绘色地把闪电呈现在读者面前。由此可见，多喻体的使用其优势是单一喻体所无法比拟的。它可以多角度、多侧面、多层次、多结构地表现主体。
《英语修辞》作业参考答案
《英语修辞》作业参考答案 I. 1． 明喻引喻拟人平行 通感矛盾修饰法提喻突降 委婉语头韵隐喻对照 移就隽语转喻层递 低调陈述重复夸张元韵 2． Metaphor Antithesis Transferred Epithet Paradox Metonymy Climax Understatement Repetition Hyperbole Assonance Simile Allusion Personification Parallelism Synaesthesia Oxymoron Synecdoche Anticlimax Euphemism Alliteration II. 1. C (Alliteration) 2. A (Metaphor) 3. B (Pun) 4. B (Metonymy) 5. D (Understatement) 6.C (Euphemism) 7. A (Allusion) 8. A (Parallelism) 9. D (Oxymoron) 10. B. (Anticlimax) 11. C (Simile) 12.D (Personification) 13. A (Synaesthesia) 14. D (Synecdoche) 15. B (Hyperbole) 16.B (Antithesis); 1 7. A (Repetition) 18. C (Irony) 19. D (Parody) 20. C. (Zeugma) III. 1.B (Anticlimax) 2. D (Personification) 3. C (Simile) 4. D (Repetition) 5. C (Euphemism) 6. C (Rhetorical Question) 7. A (Anastrophe) 8. C (Simile) 9. A (Metaphor) 10. C (Alliterarion) 11.D (Oxymoron) 12. C (Simile) 13.B (Transferred Epithet) 14. A (Synaesthesia) 15. B (Pun) 16. C (Simile) 17. B (Pun) 18 D (Parallelism) 19. A (Metaphor) 20. D (Understatement) IV. 1.Simile 2. Transferred Epithet 3. Euphemism 4. Synecdoche 5. Hyperbole 6. Parallelism 7. Climax 8. Assonance 9. Parody 10. Palindrome 11. Metaphor 12. Synaesthesia 13. Understatement 14. Allusion 15. Paradox 16. Repetition 17. Pun 18. Zeugma 19. Malapropism 20. Rhetorical Question 21.Simile
英语修辞简介
语法管语言“通顺不通顺”；逻辑管语言“合理不合理”；修辞管语言“优不优美”。语言美完全由修辞来决定，由此可见，修辞学在语言学习过程具有不可低估的重要意义。 从翻译教学的目的来看，学生大致掌握下列二十种修辞格就可以了，它们是：明喻（simile）;隐喻（metaphor）;移就（transferred epithet）;拟人（personification）;借代（metonymy）;低调陈述（understatement）;委婉（euphemism）;夸张（hyperbole）;典故（allusion）;对照（antithesis）;平行(parallelism);隽语（paradox）；矛盾修饰（oxymoron）;突降（antiticlimax）;重复（repetion）;头韵（alliteration）;双关（pun）;反语（irony）;仿拟（parody）;轭式搭配（zeugma） 从应用范围来看，英语修辞格的运用可谓无处不在，从各种体裁的文学作品、到数量繁多的习语、谚语、警语、格言、商品广告和交际口语，到处都可发现修辞格的踪影。只有科技英语和法律英语由于要求客观公允、精炼准确，修辞格的运用相对来说要少些。 从翻译手法上来看，英语翻译的方法可以归纳为三种手法：直译法、意译法和直译加注法。但是不管采取什么样的翻译方法，都应该尽量保留原修辞格的语言文化特色，努力传递出各种修辞格的结构美、意蕴美和音韵美。 反语修辞格 所谓反语修辞格，就是把正面意思反过来说或把反面意思说成正面意思的修辞方法，即词语的真实含义往往与其字面意思相反。这种修辞方法便于挖苦、讽刺、俏皮、幽默。如：What a noble illustration of the tender laws of his favored country!-They let the paopers go to sleep! 他们竟允许穷人睡觉！——多么“高尚”的例证！多么“仁慈”的法律！多么“可爱”的国家！（这句话正话反说，19世纪时期英国政府对待穷人的态度昭然若揭，下层人的苦难生活用一种极具讽刺意味的方式表达出来。） 明喻 明喻就是直接将甲事物比作乙事物的修辞格，是最常用，也是最简单的修辞手法。在我国俗称“打比方”。明喻修辞格应用范围十分广泛，几乎可以运用于任何一种文体（包括科技英语）。比如：Using this instrument is like trying to pick up one grain of rice with chopsticks: possible, but difficult for the uninitiated. 明喻不但可用来写景状物、刻画人物还可用来叙事说理；精当的明喻可以极大地增强语言的联想性、形象性、鲜明性、具体性和通俗性。例如：Habit may be likened to a cable: we weave a thread of it every day, and it becomes so strong that we can not break it. 把habit 喻为cable，使读者轻易就领悟到“积习难改”的道理。再如这句服装广告词：Light as a breeze, soft as a cloud. 把这种衣服的质量描写得十分真切，读之让人顿生遐思。 明喻修辞格大多数情况下都可采用直译法进行翻译，但要注意保留其生动性和形象性。 夸张 具体而言夸张修辞格就是为了强调而故意夸大事实，以强调事物的重要性或感情色彩。比如：When I hear the word culture, I reach for my rovoler.(我一听到这个词，就像伸手掏手枪。)夸张是一种十分常用的修辞格，各种文体都可找到应用的例证，现代广告词更是经常使用。例如：We have hidden a garden full of vegetables where you’d never expect—in a pie. 这则广告更是把小小馅饼营养夸大到了无以复加的地步。在看看德国航空公司的一则广告：Making a big world smaller. 通过夸张，把这航空公司业务遍及全球各地的信息及其自信地传递出来。 夸张修辞格有时可照字面意思直译；但有时却不能直译，需要抛却夸饰成分，适当意译或引申，才能得到符合汉语习惯的上好译文。
英语文学中得修辞手法
一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似 关系，两者都在对比中出现。常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等， 补充: 二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写， 甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。 补充: 三、提喻（synecdoche）又称举隅法，主要特点是局部代表全体，或以全体喻指部分，或 以抽象代具体，或以具体代抽象。四、拟人（personification）这种修辞方法是把人类的特点、特性加于外界事物之上，使之人格化，以物拟人，以达到彼此交融，合二为一。五、夸张（hyperbole）这是运用丰富的想象，过激的言词，渲染和装饰客观事物，以达到强调的效果。六、叠言（rhetorical repetition）这种修辞法是指在特定的语境中，将相同的结构，相同意义词组成句子重叠使用，以增强语气和力量。七、借代（metonymy）是指两种不同事物并不相似，但又密不可分，因而常用其中一种事物名称代替另一种。八、双关语（pun）是以一个词或词组，用巧妙的办法同时把互不关联的两种含义结合起来，以取得一种诙谐有趣的效果。九、拟声（onomatcpocia）是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音，其发音和所描写的事物的声音很相似，使语言显得生动，富有表现力。十、讽刺（irony）是指用含蓄的褒义词语来表示其反面的意义，从而达到使本义更加幽默，更加讽刺的效果。十一、通感（synesthesia）是指在某个感官所产生的感觉，转到另一个感官的心理感受。十二、头韵法（alliteration）在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组，其开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。 英语修辞手法 1) Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country./ This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. 2) Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. For example, the world is a stage./ The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. 3) Analogy: (类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance. 4) Personification: (拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). For example, the wind whistled through the trees.
高级英语修辞练习及答案
高级英语第2册修辞练习第1课 Point the rhetorical devices used in the following sentences can batten down and ride it out. (Metaphor ) and rain now whipped the house. ( Metaphor ) away from the windows. (Elliptical sentence ) the rain seemingly driven right through the walls. ( Simile ) 8:30, power failed. (Metaphor ) out the back door to the cars. (Elliptical sentence ) children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ( Simile ) 8…the electrical systems had been killed by water.( metaphor ) on the stairs. ( elliptical sentence ) wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. ( simile ) 11. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet though the air. ( personification ) 12…it seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it miles away. ( personification ) poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds
(完整word版)高级英语第1册1234614课修辞练习含答案(第三版),推荐文档
高级英语第1册修辞练习第3版 Point the rhetorical devices used in the following sentences Lesson 1 1.We can batten down and ride it out. (Metaphor ) 2.Wind and rain now whipped the house. ( Metaphor ) 3.Stay away from the windows. (Elliptical sentence ) 4.--- the rain seemingly driven right through the walls. ( Simile) 5.At 8:30, power failed. (Metaphor ) 6.Everybody out the back door to the cars. (Elliptical sentence ) 7.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ( Simile ) 8…the electrical systems had been killed by water.( metaphor ) 9.Everybody on the stairs. ( elliptical sentence) 10.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. ( simile ) 11. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet though the air. ( personification ) 12…it seized a 600,000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ( personification ) 13.Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.( simile ) 14.Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. ( Transferred epithet ) 15. Up the stairs --- into our bedroom. ( Elliptical sentence ) 16.The world seemed to be breaking apart. ( Simile ) 17. Water inched its way up the steps as first floor outside walls collapsed. (Metaphor ) 18.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees.. (Metaphor ) 19…and blown-down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the road.( simile ) 20…household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (metaphor ) 21.Camille, meanwhile, had raked its way northward across Mississippi, dropped more than 28 inches of rain into West.( metaphor ) Lesson2 1 Hiroshima—the”Liveliest”City in Japan.—irovy 2 That must be what the man in the Japanese stationmaster’s uniform shouted,as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop in Hiroshima Station.—alliteration 3 And secondly.because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything in Nippon railways official might say.—metaphor 4 Was I not at the scene of crime?—rhetorical question 5 The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.—synecdoche,metonymy