翻译

1）我累了。昨晚我不该那么晚睡觉。(should not + 动词完成式)

I’m tired. I should not have gone to bed so late last night.

2) 我和鲍勃不是很熟，不过我们偶尔一起出去喝一杯。(occasional)

I don’t/didn’t know Bob very well, but we go/went out for an occasional drink together.

3) 我们应该到火车站接她。(be supposed to)

We’re supposed to meet her at the railway/ train station.

4) 你可以清楚地看到有人快要淹死, 而你却没有采取行动救他们。(drown, take action)

You could clearly see people drowning, but/and yet you took no action to save them.

5) 包括周末在内，仅仅还有12天时间可以用来买圣诞礼物。(including) Including weekends, there are only twelve more days to buy Christmas presents.

6) 如果不立即采取行动，许多种野生动物就会因饥饿而死亡。(without, hunger) Without immediate action, many kinds of wild animals would die from hunger.

1) 那首歌总是使她回想起在芝加哥度过的那个夜晚。(remind…of…)

That song always reminded her of the night spent in Chicago.

2) 街角处刚巧有一位警察，我便向他问路。(happen to, corner)

There happened to be a policeman on the corner, so I asked him the way.

3) 由于天气恶劣，今天所有去纽约的航班都延误了。(delay)

All flights to New York today are/were delayed because of the bad weather.

4) 谁有责任谁就必须赔偿损失。(whoever, responsible)

Whoever is responsible will have to pay for the damage.

5) 我找不到我的支票簿。我准是把它留在家里了。(checkbook,must have)

I can’t find my checkbook. I must have left it at home

6) 到足球比赛快开始时，暴风雨已经停了。(by the time)

By the time the football match was going to start, the storm had already stopped.

1) 除非你有经验，否则你得不到这份工作。(unless)

You won’t get the job unless you’ve got the experience.

2) 我把大部分时间花在研究中美文化的差异上了。(spend)

Most of my time is spent studying the differences between Chinese and American cultures.

3) 这句话意思极清楚，决不会引起误解。(so…that)

The statement/sentence is so clear that it can’t cause any misunderstanding. 4) 他希望能够给予她比现在更多的帮助。(more than)

He wishes he could give her more help than he does.

5) 穿上外套，否则你会感冒的。(or)

Put on your coat or you’ll catch cold.

6) 她的收藏品中增加了一张毕加索(Picasso)的画。

(add…to…)

She has added a Picasso to her collection.

7) 我没意识到以前曾来过这儿。(be aware of)

I am not aware of ever having been here before.

8) 如果你继续对每个人这么粗鲁，你很快就会发现自己什么朋友都没有了。(find

oneself without)

You will soon find yourself without any friends at all if you keep on being so rude to everybody.

第四单元

1)It’s far too hot in the room; open the window, please.

2)The noise woke us up in the middle of the night.

3)He shouldn’t have been angry at what I said. It was nothing more than a joke.

4)We invited all our friends to the picnic but it rained and only five of them showed up

5)She views marriage as a serious matter.

6)To my disappointment, the movie didn’t live up to my expectations.

1) 我过去常去看电影，但现在再也没有时间了。

I used to go the cinema/movies a lot, but I never have the time now.

2) 两个工人互相合作修理破裂的管子。

The two workers cooperated with each other to fix the broken pipe.

3) 这是一种残忍的做法，应该马上停止。(…practice which…)

This is a cruel practice which should be stopped immediately.

4) 你的工作哪一方面最困难，哪一方面最有益？(aspect)

What aspect of your job/work is (the) most difficult, and what aspect is (the) most rewarding?

5) 有些人认为他很粗野，但情况并非如此。(the case)

Some people think he is rude, but that’s not the case.

6) 我会尽我所能帮忙，但我所能做的也很有限。(a limit to)

I’ll help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.

1) 演讲的主题已提早一星期宣布，而主讲人的名字却没有（宣布）。(in advance) The topic of the speech is announced a week in advance, but the name of the speaker is not.

2) 居然还有学生在考试之前踢足球，这似乎令人难以置信。(incredible)

It seemed incredible that some students still played football before the exams. 3) Auden先生是一个快乐的人，他从帮助别人之中获得乐趣。(derive)

Mr. Auden is a happy man who derives pleasure from helping others.

4）两位美国人共同获得了去年的诺贝尔医学奖。(share Nobel Prize)

Two Americans shared last year’s Nobel Prize for Medicine

5）首先，我欢迎你参加此次会议。(first of all)

First of all I’d like to welcome you to the meeting.

6）我不习惯于这样的奢侈，这是在浪费金钱。(luxury)

I’m not accustomed to such luxury. It’s a waste of money.

7）考试结果将在星期五下午张贴出来。(put up)

The results of the exam will be put up on Friday afternoon.

8）一些残酷的动物实验是以科学的名义进行的。(in the name of)

Some cruel experiments on animals are carried out in the name of science.

11. 译者的自由和限度(上海翻译090128修订)

翻译中的限制和自由 徐莉娜 摘要:“直译”和“意译”之争延续了两千多年。这个问题争论的核心是译者的限制和自由、忠实与叛逆的关系。译者有多大的自由度？离忠实有多远？本文分析了原文和译文的距离并借助叙事学理论探讨了作者和译者的关系、两个文本间的距离以及限制和自由的关系，指出任何一种文本都是译者价值取向的结果，译文间的差异是由译者不同的价值取向造成的。 关键词：限制和自由；叙事学；隐含作者；隐含读者 Reflection on Restrictions and Freedom Lina Xu Abstract：S cholars’ preoccupations of literal and liberal translation have stretched throughout centuries, which focus on restrictions and freedom, loyalty and treachery in translation. To what extent is the translator given freedom in his performance? And how much does he stray away from the original? This paper approaches these issues by analyzing the distance between SLT and TLT, and looking into the relationship between the author and the translator from a narratological perspective. It points out that any version is the product of the translator’s choices, which usually generates a different version by translators with a different value orientation. Keywords: restriction and freedom; narratology; the implied author; the implied reader 一、翻译的悖论 《自由派翻译传统研究》提出自由派这个概念令人感到突兀，但也耐人寻味。通读全书不难发现这带有悖论性质的概念非凭空杜撰，也非故弄玄虚。作者以史为据，旁征博引，论证了自由派翻译传统的存在。书中提供的大量史料展示了一幅丰富多彩的翻译史画卷。从一千多年前的中国佛经翻译到现当代文学翻译，从自然科学翻译到社会科学翻译，从古罗马到20世纪中期的西方翻译，从对原创的翻译到改编和转译，从翻译目的到翻译结果，读者看到了各重要阶段的翻译活动、价值取向、译作的社会影响，与此同时，也看到了翻译活动的复杂性和多样性、局限性和灵活性。 “自由派翻译”揭示的是一个翻译悖论：限制与自由。两千多年来，古今中外的译者和翻译研究者无不面对这种二律背反关系去做二元对立的选择：直译和意译、形似与神似、忠实与背叛、科学性与艺术性、异化与归化。所有译者都身处两难境地，面临选择限制和自由的尴尬局面。选择“限制”，译者不得不屈尊俯就，受镣铐舞者之苦；选择“自由”，译者又有越位和叛逆之嫌，面临越位、出界的风险。译者身处忠实与背叛的两极，力求找到一个理想的平衡，在对立中求统一，但此事终究古难全。 二、限制—翻译的基本属性 翻开《自由派翻译传统研究》不难发现译事之难在于限制。限制是翻译的本质，自由只是相对的、有限度的。不同的译者有选择不同表达形式的自由，但所有选择都不能脱离原文的限制。译者无论有多大自由，他的目标依然是源语取向，让两个文本在内容上得到完美的统一是翻译的基本原则，也是翻译的理想境界。严复为立一名而“旬月踟躇”，感言“信、达、雅”为译事三难，这都是因为原文限制了译者自由发挥的缘故，这种限制置译者于两难处境，但也正是由于限制，译者成了作者的“代言人”、“传声筒”。脱离了原文，行为主体的身份就要发生实质性的转变，主客体关系也会因此而发生变化。 翻译的限制来自原文文本（语言文化的限制）。杨自检在该书的序言中指出“翻译必须有文本参照。翻译和

上海高考英语翻译题与答案(最新整理)

Part 1 Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1、格林先生本周日要去拜访一位朋友，此人精通理财之道。（who） 2、人们是否会推迟退休还有待于讨论（remain）。 3、无论任务多么艰巨，我们都要不遗余力地完成。（However） 4、许多公司在雇佣员工时，相对于能力而言，更看重个性。（emphasis） 5、如果双方在这些事务上能达成共识，就有可能在新的领域进一步合作。（If...） 1、Mr. Green is going to visit\see a friend this Sunday, who knows a lot about money matters. 2 、It remains to be discussed whether people will delay retiring. /Whether people will delay retiring remains to be discussed. 3、However hard the task is, we should spare no efforts to accomplish it. 4 、Many companies put more emphasis on personality than on capability when they employ staff members. 5 、If both the parties can agree on these issues, they are likely to further cooperate（have further cooperation）in the new field. Part 2 Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.每年圣诞期间百货店里的商品都减价出售。(sale) 2.如今人们非常关注的是食品安全和空气质量。(concern) 3.无论多么艰难，交给咱们的任务都必须按时完成。(however) 4.专家们一入座外语节的演讲比赛就在王校长的主持下开始了。(Hardly) 5.遍布城市每个角落的星巴克(Starbucks) 满足了人们适应快节奏生活的需要。(adapt) 1.The goods in the department stores are all on sale at Christmas every year. 2.Nowadays what people are (very) much concerned about is food safety and air quality. Food safety and air quality are people’s major concerns nowadays. 3.However hard/ difficult it is, the task given to us must/ should be completed/ fulfilled on time. 4.Hardly had the experts sat down/ got seated/ seated themselves/ taken (their) seats when the speech contest of the Foreign Language Festival (that was) hosted by Principal Wang s tarted. 5.The Starbucks in every corner of the city have met/ satisfied/ meet/ satisfy people’s needs/ demands to adapt to a/ the fast-paced life. Part 3 Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1、孩子们总是对周边的一切都非常好奇。(curious) 2、她在比赛中表现出色，给评委留下了深刻的印象。(which) 3、一进学校，她就意外得知有一所名校录取她了。(No sooner…) 4、奇怪的是，这些年轻人对这些我们都耳熟能详的歌曲却一无所知。(know)

时代周刊翻译

…Back to Sleep?: Why Are 2,500 U.S. Babies Still Dying of SIDS Each Year? ‘用背部睡觉’：为什么美国每年都有2500个婴儿死于婴儿猝死综合症 Putting babies on their back to sleep has dramatically reduced the number of SIDS deaths, but thousands of babies still die each year. A look at the key risk factors. 让婴儿用背部睡觉戏剧性的减少了婴儿猝死综合症的死亡数量，但每年还是有上千数量的婴儿死亡。这有一种对于关键的风险因素的看法。 There?s no doubt that the Back to Sleep campaign launched in 1994 to get parents to stop putting babies to sleep on their tummies has been a success. In the 1970s and 1980s, the rate of infant deaths per 1,000 live births was 1.5; it?s now 0.5. 无需置疑的是，1994年发起的用背部睡觉的运动，旨在阻止父母让婴儿用肚子睡觉是成功的。在20世纪70到80年代，婴儿死亡率为每一千名安全出生婴儿中有1.5，现在是0.5。 Within a generation, most babies are now put to bed on their backs, and yet 2,500 U.S. infants still die each year in the U.S. Researchers trying to understand why have noticed a curious byproduct of the trend toward back-sleeping: as fewer babies were being put to sleep on their bellies, more babies were documented engaging in other pediatric no-nos — sleeping with their parents, for example — which is another risk factor for SIDS. 在一代人中，大部分婴儿现在都用背部放在床上，但美国每年依然有2500个婴儿死亡。研究员正试图弄明白为什么人们会注意到用背部睡觉这种趋势的奇怪的副产品：越来越少的婴儿用腹部睡觉，越来越多的婴儿被证明参与到了一些儿科禁止的事情中——例如，和父母一起睡——这是婴儿猝死综合症的另一个风险因素。 A study published Monday in the journal Pediatrics takes a look at how risk factors for SIDS have evolved over the years. In an analysis of the 954 babies who died suddenly and unexpectedly in San Diego County between 1991 and 2008 — 568 of these deaths were attributed to SIDS — researchers found that

上海翻译报价收费标准英文翻译

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(完整版)2019年上海高考英语一模翻译汇编.doc

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圭亚那盆地地层时代中英文对照 Cainozoic 新生界 Tertiary 第三纪 Pleistocene 第三纪更新世 Miocene 第三纪中新世 Lower Miocene 第三纪下中新世 Oligocene 第三纪渐新世 Eocene 第三纪始新世 Middle Eocene第三纪中始新世 Lower Eocene第三纪下始新世 Paleocene 第三纪古新世、古近系 Cretaceous 白垩纪 Senonian 森诺阶 Campanian 坎帕阶 Santonian 桑托阶 Coniacian 科尼亚克阶（晚白垩纪第三期）Turonian 白垩纪土仑阶（晚白垩纪第二期）Cenomanian 森诺曼阶 Albian 阿尔比阶 Aptian 阿普第阶 Barremian 巴列姆阶 Precambrian 前寒武纪地层

Cainozoic 新生界 Quaternary 第四系Quaternary period 第四纪Paleocene 第三纪古新世、古近系 Mesozoic中生界 Cretaceous 白垩系 Jurassic 侏罗系 Triassic 三叠系 LateTriassicepoch 晚三叠世 Paleozoic 古生界 Permian 二叠系 LatePermianepoch Early Permian 早二叠世 Carboniferous 石炭系石炭纪 Late Carboniferous Devonian 泥盆系泥盆纪upperDevonionseries 上泥盆统 siluric 志留系Silurian 志留纪 Ordovician 奥陶系奥陶纪 Cambrian 寒武系寒武纪 Proterozoic era 元古代

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