(完整版)风景园林专业英语词汇
园林景观专业英语词汇
规划planning
草图sketch；rough map
平面plan
剖面section
立面elevation
透视perspective
示意图diagram
容积率coverage
城市设计urban design; civic design
区域规划regional planning
步行轴ped axis
总体规划general planning; master planning
分区规划district planning
近期建设规划immediate plan
城市详细规划detailed planning
控制性详细规划control detailed planning
修建性详细规划site plan
居住区规划residential district planning
城市化urbanization
城市生态urban ecology
可持续发展sustainable development
历史文化名城保护规划Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities 旧城改建urban redevelopment
开发区development area
城市化水平urbanization level
城市群agglomeration
城镇体系urban system
卫星城satellite town
城市基础设施urban infrastructure
居民点settlement
市municipality; city
生态基础设施ecological infrastructure
牧场pasture
市域administrative region of a city
商业区commercial district
行政中心administration center
商业街commercial street
科技园technological region
校园规划campus planning
城市中心区urban center district
居住单元flat
历史地段history district
民政区域civil district
水警区waters guard district
居住区规划residential district planning 护林区ranger district
工业区industrial district
林木种子公园tree seed orchard
快速公路thruway
城市美学urban esthetics
游憩空间esplanade
系统工程systems engineering
城市更新理论urban renewal theory
绿地/绿化带greenbelt
绿化覆盖率percentage of greenery coverage 绿地率ratio of green space
工厂绿化landscaping within factory
广场绿化landscaping of square
居住区绿化landscaping of residential area
谷底植栽场improved vegetation & wild life
公共建筑绿化landscaping around public building 室内绿化indoor garden
城市绿化urban virescence
城市绿化系统urban green space system
公共绿地public green space
专用绿地specified green space
防护绿地green buffer
建筑空间architecture
剧院show place; theater
茶楼（馆）caff；tea shop
专卖店monopolistic shop
博物馆museum
电影院cinema；movie house
商场emporium; shopping mall
体育馆palaestra
青少年宫callan house; children’s palace
图书馆library
棋牌室relaxation room
健身房gymnasium
书店book store
客厅parlor
阳台balcony
浴室bathroom
合院式建筑courtyard building
餐厅dining-room; dining hall
入口entrance
厨房kitchen
屋顶roof
小孩房kid room
儿童游乐室/玩具室dollhouse
起居室living room
门廊porch
更衣室change room
休息室pavilion
私家花园private garden
居民resident
共享地带shared zone
工人房servants hall
比例scale
元素element
会议中心conference center
园林景观view of the garden
乔木arbor
灌木shrub
铺石band stone
地下车库car park bellow
曲线形铺地curved paving bands
庭园cartilage; Garth
标志牌(sign) courtyard identification sign 庭院courtyard
瀑布fall
步道footpath
园桥garden bridge
园林garden and park
草本植物herbage
藤本植物liane
蔓本植物liana
砌石natural cut stone
铺地pave
亭，阁pavilion
榭pavilion on terrace
植被planting
花坛planting beds
大广场plaza
栈道deck promenade
灯柱pole lights
小水池pool
雕塑sculpture
小广场small square
小水景small water feature
林荫树shade trees
楼storied building
小溪流stream
行道树street trees
踏石stepping stone
踏步terrace steps
木制平台timber deck
草坪turf；grass
园廊veranda
空地void
水景waterscape
园墙wall in garden
滨水地区waterfront
茶亭tea house
木亭log cabin
遮阳亭shade structure
水岸edge
湾bay
渡口ferry
挡土墙retaining wall
人行道pavement
卵石pebble
半岛peninsula
常用的景观英文
1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行& 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )
2.次入口/岗亭(车行& 人行) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )
3.商业中心入口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.
4.水景WATER FEATURE
5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE
6.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-1
7.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING)
8.竹园BAMBOO GARDEN
9.漫步广场WALKWAY PLAZA
10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE
11.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2
12.木桥TIMBER BRIDGE
13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE
14.吊桥HANGING BRIDGE
15.休憩台地(低处) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER )
16.休憩台地(高处) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER )
17.特色踏步FEATURE STEPPING STONE
18.野趣小溪RIVER WILD
19.儿童乐园CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND
20.旱冰道SLIDE
21.羽毛球场BADMINTON COURT
22.旱景DRY LANDSCAPE
23.日艺园JAPANESE GARDEN
24.旱喷泉DRY FOUNTAIN
25.观景台VIEWING DECK
26.游泳池SWIMMING POOL
27.极可意JACUZZI
28.嬉水池WADING POOL
29.儿童泳池CHILDREN'S POOL
30.蜿蜒水墙WINDING WALL
31.石景雕塑ROCK SCULPTURE
32.中心广场CENTRAL PLAZA
33.健身广场EXERCISE PLAZA
34.桥BRIDGE
35.交流广场MEDITATING PLAZA
36.趣味树阵TREE BATTLE FORMATION
37.停车场PARING AREA
38.特色花架TRELLIS
39.雕塑小道SCULPTURE TRAIL
40.(高尔夫)轻击区PUTTING GREEN
41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE
42.每栋建筑入口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT
43.篮球场BASKETBALL COURT
44.网球场TENNIS COURT
45.阶梯***/种植槽TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER
46.广场MAIN PLAZA
47.森林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL
48.石景园ROCKERY GARDEN
49.旱溪DRY STREAM
50.凉亭PAVILION
51.户外淋浴OUTDOOR SHOWER
52.拉膜结构TENSILE STRUCTURE
53.台阶STAIR
54.高尔夫球车停车场PARKING ( GOLF CAR )
55.健身站EXERCISE STATION
56.晨跑小路JOGGING FOOTPATH
57.车道/人行道DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK
58.人行漫步道PROMENADE
59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(入口广场) WATER FALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA )
60.特色入口ENTRY FEATURE 61.石景广场ROCKERY PLAZA
常用造价英语词汇
估算/费用估算：estimate/cost estimate;
估算类型：types of estimate;
详细估算：是偏差幅度最小的估算，defined estimate;
设备估算：equipment estimate;
分析估算：analysis estimate;
报价估算：roposal estimate;
控制估算：control estimate;
初期控制估算：interim control estimate/initial control estimate
批准的控制估算：initial approved cost
核定估算：check estimate
首次核定估算：first check estimate
二次核定估算：production check estimate
人工时估算：man hour estimate
材料费用/直接材料费用：material cost/direct material cost
设备费用/设备购买费用：equipment cost/purchased cost of equipment
散装材料费用/散装材料购买费用：bulk material cost/purchased cost of bulk material 施工费用：construction cost
施工人工费用：labor cost/construction force cost
设备安装人工费用：labor cost associated with equipment
散装材料施工安装人工费用：labor cost associated with bulk materials
人工时估算定额：standard manhours
施工人工时估算定额：standard labor manhours
标准工时定额：standard hours
劳动生产率：labor productivity/productivity factor/productivity ratio
修正的人工时估算值：adjusted manhours
人工时单价：manhours rate
施工监督费用：cost of construction supervision
施工间接费用：cost of contruction indirects
分包合同费用/现场施工分包合同费用：subcontract cost/field subcontract cost
公司本部费用：home office cost
公司管理费用：overhead
非工资费用：non payroll
开车服务费用：cost of start-up services
其他费用：other cost
利润/预期利润：profit/expected profit
服务酬金：service gains
风险：risk
风险分析：risk analysis
风险备忘录：risk memorandum
未可预见费：contingency
基本未可预见费：average contingency
最大风险未可预见费：maximum risk contingency
用户变更/合同变更：cilent change/contract change
认可的用户变更：approved client change
待定的用户变更：pending client change
项目变更：project change
内部变更：internalchange
批准的变更：authoried change
强制性变更：mandatory change
选择性变更：optional change
内部费用转换：internal transfer
认可的预计费用：anticipated approved cost
涨价值：escalation
项目费用汇总报告：project cost summary report
项目实施费用状态报告：project operation cost status report 总价合同：lump sum contract
偿付合同：reimbursible contract
预算：budget
02.1 总论
2.0001 园林学landscape architecture, garden architecture 2.0002 造园学garden making, landscape gardening
2.0003 环境园艺学environmental horticulture
2.0004 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture
2.0005 园林艺术garden art
2.0006 园林美学garden aesthetics
2.0007 园林建筑学garden architecture
2.0008 园林建筑garden building
2.0009 园林工程garden engineering
2.0010 园林植物landscape plant
2.0011 观赏植物ornamental plant
2.0012 盆景miniature landscape, penjing
2.0013 园林garden and park
2.0014 园林学史history of garden architecture
2.0015 园林规划garden planning, landscaping planning
2.0016 园林设计garden design
2.0017 园林机具设备gardening machine
2.0018 园林管理garden management
2.0019 园林生态landscape ecology
2.0020 绿化greening, planting
2.0021 环境绿化environmental greening
2.0022 绿地面积green area
2.0023 绿地率ratio of green space
2.0024 城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage
2.0025 工厂绿化factory greening, factory garden-ing 2.0026 街道绿化street greening, street planting
2.0027 车行道绿化driveway greening
2.0028 分车带绿化dividing stripe greening
2.0029 人行道绿化sidewalk greening
2.0030 群众绿化mass planting movement
2.0031 郊区绿化suburban greening
2.0032 公路绿化highway greening
2.0033 铁路绿化railway greening, railway planting 2.0034 堤岸种植bank planting
2.0035 阳台绿化balcony greening
2.0036 窗台绿化window-sill greening
2.0037 屋顶绿化roof greening
2.0038 垂直绿化vertical greening
2.0039 攀缘绿化climber greening
2.0040 桥头绿化bridgehead greening
2.0041 花园garden
2.0042 专类花园specified flower garden
2.0043 花园村garden village
2.0044 园林城市landscape garden city
2.0045 蔷薇园rose garden
2.0046 松柏园conifer garden
2.0047 球根园bulb garden
2.0048 宿根园perennial garden
2.0049 假山园rock garden, Chinese rockery
2.0050 狩猎场hunting ground
2.0051 街心花园street crossing center garden
2.0052 小游园petty street garden
2.0053 水景园water garden
2.0054 铺地园paved garden
2.0055 野趣园wild plants botanical garden
2.0056 野生植物园wild plants garden
2.0057 乡趣园rustic garden
2.0058 盆景园penjing garden, miniature landscape 2.0059 动物园zoo, zoological garden
2.0060 墓园cemetery garden
2.0061 沼泽园bog and marsh garden
2.0062 水生植物园aquatic plants garden
2.0063 学校园school garden
2.0064 室内花园indoor garden
2.0065 芳香花园fragrant garden
2.0066 盲人花园garden for the blind
2.0067 公园park, public park
2.0068 城市公园city park, urban park
2.0069 区公园regional park
2.0070 儿童公园children park
2.0071 体育公园sports park
2.0072 森林公园forest park
2.0073 纪念公园memorial park
2.0074 烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park
2.0075 综合公园comprehensive park
2.0076 文化公园cultural park
2.0077 文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park
2.0078 中央公园central park
2.0079 天然公园natural park
2.0080 海滨公园seaside park, seabeach park
2.0081 古迹公园historic site park
2.0082 河滨公园riverside park
2.0083 湖滨公园lakeside park
2.0084 路边公园roadside park, street park
2.0085 娱乐公园amusement park
2.0086 雕塑公园sculpture park
2.0087 休憩公园recreation park
2.0088 疗养公园sanatorium park
2.0089 国家公园national park
2.0090 邻里公园neighborhood park
2.0091 特种公园special park
2.0092 植物园botanical garden
2.0093 植物公园abeled plants park
2.0094 高山植物园alpine garden
2.0095 热带植物园tropical plants garden
2.0096 药用植物园medical plants garden, herb garden 2.0097 绿地green space
2.0098 公共绿地public green space
2.0099 单位绿地unit green area
2.0100 城市绿地urban green space
2.0101 街道广场绿地street and square green area
2.0102 居住区绿地residential quarter green area
2.0103 防护绿地green area for environmental protection 2.0104 郊区绿地suburban green space
2.0105 街坊绿地residential block green belt
2.0106 附属绿地attached green space
2.0107 生产绿地productive plantation area
2.0108 苗圃nursery
2.0109 风景landscape, scenery
2.0110 自然景观natural landscape
2.0111 人文景观human landscape, scenery of humanities 2.0112 草原景观prairie landscape
2.0113 山岳景观mountain landscape, alpine landscape 2.0114 地理景观geographical landscape
2.0115 湖泊景观lake view
2.0116 郊区景观suburban landscape
2.0117 地质景观geological landscape
2.0118 喀斯特景观karst landscape
2.0119 植物景观plants landscape, flora landscape
02.2.1 中国园林史
2.0120 中国古典园林classical Chinese garden
2.0121 中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden
2.0122 中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden
2.0123 中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden 2.0124 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden
2.0125 皇家园林royal garden
2.0126 私家园林private garden
2.0127 江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta
02.2.2 西方园林史
2.0128 西方古典园林western classical garden
2.0129 英国式园林English style garden
2.0130 中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden
2.0131 意大利式园林Italian style garden
2.0132 西班牙式园林Spanish style garden
2.0133 法兰西式园林French style garden
2.0134 勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre’s style garden
2.0135 文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style villa
2.0136 洛可可式园林Rococo style garden
2.0137 巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden
2.0138 庄园manor, villa garden
2.0139 廊柱园peristyle garden, patio
2.0140 绿廊xystus
2.0141 迷阵maze, labyrinth
02.2.3 典型中西园林
2.0142 灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden
2.0143 灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden
2.0144 灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden
2.0145 阿房宫E-Pang Palace
2.0146 上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan
2.0147 未央宫Wei-Yang Palace
2.0148 洛阳宫Luoyang Palace
2.0149 华清官Hua-Qing Palace
2.0150 艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden
2.0151 圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden
2.0152 颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace 2.0153 承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort
2.0154 苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden
2.0155 悬园Hanging Garden
2.0156 英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden 2.0157 凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park
2.0158 枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace Garden
02.3 园林艺术
2.0159 景view, scenery, feature
2.0160 远景distant view
2.0161 近景nearby view
2.0162 障景obstructive scenery, blocking view
2.0163 借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing
2.0164 对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place
2.0165 缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery
2.0166 漏景leaking through scenery
2.0167 框景enframed scenery
2.0168 尾景terminal feature
2.0169 主景main feature
2.0170 副景secondary feature
2.0171 配景objective view
2.0172 夹景vista line, vista
2.0173 前景front view
2.0174 背景background
2.0175 景序order of sceneries
2.0176 景点feature spot, view spot
2.0177 仰视景观upward landscape
2.0178 俯视景观downward landscape
2.0179 季相景观seasonal phenomena
2.0180 气象景观meteorological diversity scenery
2.0181 视野visual field
2.0182 秋色fall color, autumn color
2.0183 园林空间garden space
2.0184 开敞空间wide open space, wide space
2.0185 封闭空间enclosure space
2.0186 意境artistic conception, poetic imagery
2.0187 苍古antiquity
2.0188 空灵spaciousness, airiness
2.0189 动观in-motion viewing
2.0190 静观in-position viewing
2.0191 视错觉visual illusion
2.0192 园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden
2.0193 对称平衡symmetrical balance
2.0194 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance
2.0195 左右对称bilateral symmetry
2.0196 辐射对称radial symmetry
2.0197 透景线perspective line
2.0198 轴线axis, axial line
2.0199 主轴main axis 2.0200 副轴auxiliary axis
2.0201 暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis
2.0202 树冠线skyline
2.0203 园林色彩艺术art of garden colors
2.0204 单色谐调monochromatic harmony
2.0205 复色谐调compound chromatic harmony
2.0206 对比色突出contrast colors accent
2.0207 近似色谐调approximate colors harmony
2.0208 暖色warm color
2.0209 冷色cool color
2.0210 色感color sense
2.0211 城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning 2.0212 绿地系统green space system
2.0213 公共绿地定额public green space quota
2.0214 公共绿地指标public green space norm
2.0215 绿地布局green space layout
2.0216 吸引圈attractive circle
2.0217 吸引距离attractive distance
2.0218 有效半径effective radius
2.0219 绿地资源green space resource
2.0220 绿地效果green space effect
2.0221 绿地规划程序planning procedure of the green space 2.0222 空间规划space planning
2.0223 形象规划image plan
2.0224 实施规划implementary plan
2.0225 必要生活空间necessary living space
2.0226 余暇生活空间leisure time living space
2.0227 利用频度usage frequency
2.0228 树种规划planning of trees and shrubs
2.0229 绿地类型type of green space
2.0230 环状绿型annular green space
2.0231 块状绿地green plot
2.0232 点状绿地green spot
2.0233 放射状绿地radiate green space
2.0234 楔状绿地wedge-shaped green space
2.0235 缓冲绿地buffer green space
2.0236 防音绿地noise proof green space
2.0237 科学景观论scientific landscape theory
2.0238 园林保留地reserve garden
2.0239 公园规划park planning
2.0240 园林总体规划garden master planning
2.0241 总平面规划site planning
2.0242 园林分区garden zoning
2.0243 安静休息区tranquil rest area
2.0244 儿童活动区children playing space
2.0245 儿童游戏场children playground, playlot
2.0246 体育运动区sports activities area
2.0247 野餐区picnic place
2.0248 散步区pedestrian space
2.0249 群众集会区mass meeting square
2.0250 观赏植物区ornamental plants area
2.0251 观赏温室区display greenhouse area, display conservatory area 2.0252 草坪区lawn space
2.0253 绿荫区shade tree section
2.0254 历史古迹区historical relics area
2.0255 青少年活动区youngsters activities area
2.0256 诱鸟区bird sanctuary area
2.0257 钓鱼区fishing center
2.0258 野营区camp site
2.0259 游人中心visitors center
2.0260 服务中心service center
2.0261 探险游乐场adventure ground
2.0262 文化活动区cultural activities area
2.0263 道路系统approach system, road system
2.0264 环形道路系统circular road system
2.0265 方格形道路系统latticed road system
2.0266 放射形道路系统radiate road system
2.0267 自然式道路系统informal road system
2.0268 规整式道路系统formal road system
2.0269 混合式道路系统mixed style road system
2.0270 园林规划图garden planning map
2.0271 园林规划说明书garden planning direction
2.0272 城市公园系统urban park system
2.0273 公园分布distribution of parks
2.0274 公园类型park type, park category
2.0275 公园间距distance between parks
2.0276 公园形式park styles
2.0277 游览区excursion area, open-to-public area
2.0278 非游览区no-admittance area
2.0279 办公区administrative area
2.0280 服务区service center
2.0281 动休息区dynamic rest space
2.0282 静休息区static rest space
2.0283 娱乐演出区entertaining performance place
2.0284 主要入口main entrance
2.0285 次要入口secondary entrance
2.0286 人流量visitors flowrate
2.0287 车流量vehicle flowrate
2.0288 公园道路park road
2.0289 公园水陆面积比率land-water ratio
2.0290 游人容纳量visitors capacity
2.0291 风景资源调查landscape resource evaluation 2.0292 风景学scenicology
2.0293 风景规划landscape plan
2.0294 风景设计landscape design
2.0295 游览路线touring route
2.0296 旅游资源tourism resource
2.0297 旅游地理tourism geography
2.0298 旅游地质tourism geology
2.0299 历史名城famous historical city
2.0300 文化名城famous cultural city
2.0301 文化遗址ancient cultural relic
2.0302 天然博物馆natural open museum
2.0303 风景地貌natural geomorphology
2.0304 造型地貌imaginative geomorphologic figuration 2.0305 风景区scenic spot, scenic area
2.0306 风景名胜famous scenery, famous scenic site 2.0307 特异景观风景区specific natural scenes area 2.0308 民族风俗风景区scenic spot of minority customs 2.0309 高山风景区alpine scenic spot
2.0310 海滨风景区seabeach scenic spot
2.0311 森林风景区forest scenic spot
2.0312 高山草甸风景区alpine tundra landscape spot 2.0313 峡谷风景区valley scenic spot
2.0314 江河风景区river landscape district
2.0315 湖泊风景区lake round scenic spot
2.0316 温泉风景区hot spring scenic spot
2.0317 瀑布风景区waterfall scenic spot
2.0318 禁伐禁猎区region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting 2.0319 封山育林区region closed for afforestation
2.0320 天池风景区crater lake scenic spot
2.0321 自然保护区nature protection area
2.0322 科学保护区protection area for scientific research
2.0323 天然纪念物natural monument
2.0324 生物圈保护区biosphere protection area
02.5 园林设计
2.0325 园林设计师landscape architect, garden designer
2.0326 园址测量图garden site survey map
2.0327 地形图topographic map, contour map
2.0328 种植设计planting design
2.0329 地形改造设计topographical reform design
2.0330 种植大样图detail planting design
2.0331 造价分析cost analysis
2.0332 园林形式garden style
2.0333 规整式园林formal garden style
2.0334 非规整园林informal garden style
2.0335 几何式园林geometric garden style
2.0336 自然式园林natural garden style
2.0337 混合式园林mixed garden style
2.0338 近代巴洛克式园林modern Baroque style
2.0339 马克斯抽象园林R.B. Marx abstract garden
2.0340 园林区划garden area division
2.0341 园林分区规划garden block planning
2.0342 庭院花园courtyard garden
2.0343 前庭front yard, forecourt
2.0344 后庭back yard, rear yard
2.0345 中庭patio
2.0346 厨园kitchen yard
2.0347 沉[床]园sunken garden
2.0348 窗园window garden
2.0349 墙园wall garden
2.0350 宅园home garden
2.0351 台地园terrace garden
2.0352 冬园winter garden
2.0353 切花园cut flower garden
2.0354 屋顶花园roof garden
2.0355 后花园back yard garden
2.0356 园林地形改造topographical reform of garden
2.0357 土山earth piled hill, artificial mound
2.0358 假山rockery, artificial rockwork
2.0359 太湖石Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone
2.0360 黄石yellowish brown stone
2.0361 人造假山石artificial stone, man-made stone 2.0362 孤赏石monolith, standing stone
2.0363 掇山piled stone hill, hill making
2.0364 叠石stones laying
2.0365 板石flag stone
2.0366 散点石scattered stone
2.0367 抱角石corner stone
2.0368 屋基石foundation stone
2.0369 排衙石guard stone
2.0370 屏石screen stone
2.0371 石岸rock bank
2.0372 石阶stone steps
2.0373 汀步stepping stone on water surface
2.0374 附壁石stone appended to wall
2.0375 石花台stone flower bed
2.0376 石凳stone bench
2.0377 假山石挡土墙rock retaining wall
2.0378 干砌石dry stone wall
2.0379 假山石楼梯rock stairway
2.0380 石亭stone pavilion
2.0381 石洞stone cavern
2.0382 石窟grotto
2.0383 置石stone arrangement, stone layout
2.0384 拱石arch stone
2.0385 拱顶石key stone
2.0386 园林水景water scenes of garden
2.0387 水体water body
2.0388 水面water surface
2.0389 水池pool
2.0390 水塘pond
2.0391 喷泉fountain
2.0392 喷水池fountain pool
2.0393 涉水池wading pool
2.0394 倒影池mirror pool, reflecting pool
2.0395 睡莲池water-lily pool
2.0396 喷水管布置piping schema
2.0397 钓鱼塘fishing pond
2.0398 高水位池塘high water table pond
2.0399 池边坐人矮墙seat wall surrounded pool 2.0400 隐头喷泉secret fountain
2.0401 岛园island garden
2.0402 半岛园peninsula garden
2.0403 小岛isle
2.0404 瀑布waterfall
2.0405 小瀑布cascade
2.0406 湖lake
2.0407 矶rock projecting over water
2.0408 水帘洞water curtain cave
2.0409 园桥garden bridge
2.0410 拱桥arch bridge
2.0411 石板桥stone slab bridge
2.0412 木板桥plank bridge
2.0413 圆木桥log bridge
2.0414 亭桥pavilion bridge
2.0415 曲桥zigzag bridge
2.0416 壁泉wall fountain
2.0417 饮水喷头drinking fountain
2.0418 植物配植plant arrangement
2.0419 树木配植arrangement of trees and shrubs 2.0420 群植group planting, mass planting
2.0421 孤植specimen planting, isolated planting 2.0422 丛植clump planting
2.0423 组植group planting
2.0424 林植forest planting
2.0425 列植linear planting
2.0426 对植opposite planting, coupled planting 2.0427 环植circular planting
2.0428 带植belt planting
2.0429 散植scattered planting, loose planting 2.0430 边缘种植edge planting
2.0431 边界种植boundary planting
2.0432 整形种植architectural planting
2.0433 基础种植foundation planting
2.0434 角隅种植corner planting
2.0435 景框种植planting as enframent
2.0436 门卫种植guard planting
2.0437 篱恒种植fence planting
2.0438 障景种植screen planting
2.0439 背景种植background planting
2.0440 林下种植underwood planting
2.0441 路边种植roadside planting
2.0442 绿篱hedge
2.0443 树墙espalier
2.0444 庭荫树shade tree
2.0445 园景树specimen tree
2.0446 风景林amenity forest, ornamental forest
2.0447 行道树avenue tree, street tree
2.0448 纪念林memorial forest
2.0449 整型树topiary tree
2.0450 花篱flower hedge’
2.0451 刺篱thorny plants hedge
2.0452 常绿绿篱evergreen hedge
2.0453 落叶绿篱deciduous hedge
2.0454 高篱high hedge
2.0455 沟中边篱hah-hah fence
2.0456 图案矮篱pattern dwarf hedge
2.0457 迷宫绿篱labyrinth hedge
2.0458 整剪绿篱clipped hedge
2.0459 自然式花篱natural flowering hedge
2.0460 边篱boundary fence
2.0461 园篱garden fence, garden hedge
2.0462 纯林pure forest
2.0463 混交林mixed forest
2.0464 林间隙地open space in woodland
2.0465 杂木林spinney
2.0466 树冠覆盖面tree canopy
2.0467 草坪lawn
2.0468 整形草坪formal lawn
2.0469 开花草坪flowering lawn
2.0470 牧场草坪meadowy land
2.0471 花坛flower bed
2.0472 路边花坛roadside flower bed
2.0473 带状花坛ribbon flower bed
2.0474 时钟花坛flower clock
2.0475 盆栽花坛potted flower bed, basined flower bed 2.0476 高设花台raised flower bed
2.0477 毛毡花坛carpet bed
2.0478 镶嵌花坛mosaic bed
2.0479 铺石花坛paved bed
2.0480 灌木花坛shrub bed
2.0481 图案花坛群parterre
2.0482 草药花坛herbaceous flower bed
2.0483 花结花坛knot bed
2.0484 整形花坛formal flower bed
2.0485 花境flower border
2.0486 花桶flower tub
2.0487 植树箱planting box
2.0488 活动花坛movable flower bed
2.0489 瓶饰garden vase
2.0490 灌木花境shrub border
2.0491 混合花境mixed border
2.0492 园林道路设计garden road design, garden path design 2.0493 漫步路trail, footway
2.0494 小径alley, path
2.0495 川草坪岛lawn island
2.0496 安全岛traffic island, refuge island
2.0497 转弯曲度turning curvature
2.0498 转弯半径turning radius
2.0499 踏面landing pitch
2.0500 步石stepping stone
2.0501 涉水踏步wading step
2.0502 错铺路crazy paving path
2.0503 随意组合方石板路flag stone path paved at random 2.0504 花纹路pattern path
2.0505 林荫路mall
2.0506 林荫大道boulevard
2.0507 花园路parkway
2.0508 林间小道path in woodland
2.0509 种植池planting bed
2.0510 树池保护格栅tree grate
2.0511 树干保护套栏tree guard
2.0512 树池坐凳矮墙seatwall-surrounded planting
2.0513 路面线纹score line
2.0514 传统园林建筑traditional garden building
2.0515 凉亭summer shelter
2.0516 活树亭arbor, tent arbor
2.0517 蘑菇亭mushroom pavilion
2.0518 茅亭thatched pavilion
2.0519 竹亭bamboo pavilion
2.0520 茶亭tea booth, tea kiosk
2.0521 回廊cloister
2.0522 水廊corridor on water
2.0523 曲廊zigzag veranda
2.0524 扒山廊sloping gallery
2.0525 楼廊two-storied gallery
2.0526 画舫painted pleasure boat
2.0527 石舫stone boat
2.0528 不击舟immovable pleasure boat
2.0529 诗条石poem-engraved stone slab
2.0530 月洞门moon gate
2.0531 扶手栏杆handrail
2.0532 坐凳栏杆seat rail
2.0533 石碑stone tablet, stele
2.0534 园林露天剧场open garden theater
2.0535 园林露天舞池open garden dancing place
2.0536 露天音乐台outdoor music stand
2.0537 眺望台prospect deck
2.0538 繁殖温室plant propagation greenhouse
2.0539 展览温室public conservatory
2.0540 月池new-moon pool
2.0541 园林小品small garden ornaments
2.0542 磁砖壁画painted tile mural tablet
2.0543 园椅garden chair, garden seat
2.0544 园凳garden bench
2.0545 园桌garden table
2.0546 园灯garden lamp
2.0547 日规sundial
2.0548 鸟浴bird bath
2.0549 鸟舍bird cottage, nestle box
2.0550 鸟笼bird cage, bird coop
2.0551 悬篮hanging basket
2.0552 野鸟喂食器bird feeder
2.0553 额匾horizontal inscribed board
2.0554 楹联couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar
2.0555 引露天烤炉open barbecue
2.0556 树棚living-tree pergola
2.0557 花架pergola
2.0558 花格架trellis, treillage
2.0559 点景牌楼naming pailou, decorated archway
2.0560 园林施工garden layout, garden construction
2.0561 种植工程planting engineering
2.0562 大树移植big tree transplanting
2.0563 裸根移植bare root transplanting
2.0564 土球移植ball transplanting
2.0565 沟植trench planting
2.0566 假植heeling in, temporary planting
2.0567 播种草坪seeding lawn
2.0568 铺草皮块草坪sodding lawn
2.0569 假山工程rockery engineering
2.0570 掇山五法five methods" of rock piling
2.0571 等分平衡法method of making the rock equa-tional and balanced
2.0572 前轻后重法method of making the front part of rock lighter than the back part 2.0573 上轻下重法method of lowering the center of gravity of rocks
2.0574 纹理统一法method of unifying the rock veins
2.0575 石料统一法method of unifying the rock mate-rials
2.0576 观赏树木ornamental tree and shrub
00832英语词汇学1107全国试题
全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30 %) 1. Grammarians insist that a word be a __________ form that can function in a sentence. ( ) A. small B. large C. fixed D. free 2. In the earliest stage of English, the written form of a word should ________ that of the oral form. ( ) A. agree with B. disagree with C. be the same as D. be different from 3. ____________consists of technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas as in medicine, mathematics, etc. ( ) A. Terminology B. Jargon C. Slang D. Argot 4. Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the followings EXCEPT_________. ( ) A. fast food B. TV dinner C. Mao jackets D. Watergate 5. Reviving archaic words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, “loan”, which was prevalent in the thirteenth century, was replaced by “ __________ ” in American English. ( ) A. own B. let C. rent D. lend 6. If we say that Old English was a language of __________ endings, Middle English was one of leveled endings. ( ) A. full B. short C. long D. paralleled 00832# 英语词汇学试卷第1页共6页
园林景观专业英语词汇
园林景观专业英语词汇 规划planning 草图sketch；rough map 平面plan 剖面section 立面elevation 透视perspective 示意图diagram 容积率coverage 城市设计urban design; civic design 区域规划regional planning 步行轴ped axis 总体规划general planning; master planning 分区规划district planning 近期建设规划immediate plan 城市详细规划detailed planning 控制性详细规划control detailed planning 修建性详细规划site plan 居住区规划residential district planning 城市化urbanization 城市生态urban ecology 可持续发展sustainable development 历史文化名城保护规划Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities 旧城改建urban redevelopment 开发区development area 城市化水平urbanization level 城市群agglomeration 城镇体系urban system 卫星城satellite town 城市基础设施urban infrastructure 居民点settlement 市municipality; city 生态基础设施ecological infrastructure 牧场pasture 市域administrative region of a city 商业区commercial district 行政中心administration center 商业街commercial street 科技园technological region 校园规划campus planning 城市中心区urban center district 居住单元flat 历史地段history district
英语词汇学考试重点整理
Explain the following terms 一1) free morpheme/ A free morpheme is one that can be uttered发出，表达alone with meaning. It can exist on its own without a bound morpheme. In the traditional sense, a free morpheme is a word. 例如hand ,eat, get 2) bound form/never used as sentences. – ess in countess, lioness and duchess –ish in boyish, childish and greenish –s in hats, books and cups 3) function words/ function words are often short words, they do not have much lexical meaning and some of them have no lexical meaning of their own; They are often short words such as determiners限定词, conjunctions连词, prepositions介词, auxiliaries辅助物, and so forth. 如to, the , of , by 4) content words实词/ They are used to name objects, qualities, actions, processes or states, and have independent lexical meaning. They are the nouns, main verbs, adjectives形容词and adverbs副词of a language. 二1) syntheti c综合的language / inflectional grammatical markers, French, German and Russian. 2) analytic language/word order, prepositions or auxiliary verbs , English and Chinese 3) Indo-European family of languages/ Europe and parts of Southern Asia Eight groups 三1) morphemes /The morpheme is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible可分的or analyzable into smaller forms. 2) allomorphs/variants变体of the same morphem如im-, ir-, il- : allomorphs of the morpheme in- 3) root / is the basic unchangeable part of a word, and it conveys the main lexical meaning of the word. work able, work er, work ed, and work ing 4) stem /A stem is of concern only when dealing with inflectional morphology. Inflectional (but not derivational) affixes are added to it. It is the part of word-form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed. 如undesirables, undesirable; desired, desire 5) base / A base is any form to which affixes of any kind can be added. Desirable, desire - base and root, not stem; undesirable, desirable-base, not root and stem 6) inflectional affixes/A inflectional affix serves to express such meanings as plurality复数, tense, and the comparative比较的or superlative 最高的degree. 如-s, -ed, -er, -est 7) derivational affixes / When they are added to another morpheme, they derive a new word. re+write, mini+car, super+market, modern+ize, work+er 8) compounding 复合法/Compounding is a word-formation process consisting of combining two or more bases to form a compound word 9) derivation 派生法/Derivation or affixation is generally defined as a word-formation process by which new words are created by adding a prefix or a suffix or both to the base 10) conversion 转化法/Conversion is a word-formation process in which a word of a certain word-class is shifted into a word of another word-class without the addition of an affix. 11) initialism/It is a type of shortening, using the first letters of words to form a proper name, a technical term, or a phrase. 12) acronym首字母缩略词/Acronyms are words formed from the initial letters of the name of an organization or a scientific term, etc. Acronyms differ from initialisms in that they are pronounced as words rather than as sequences of letters. 13) blending拼缀/Blending is a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by
园林专业英语词汇
园林学landscape architecture, garden architecture 园林garden and park 绿化greening, planting 城市绿化urban green, urban planting 城市绿地urban green space 公园绿地public park 公园park 儿童公园children park 动物园zoo 植物园botanical garden 墓园cemetery garden 盆景园penjing garden, miniature landscape 盲人公园park for the blind 花园garden 历史名园historical garden and park 风景名胜公园famous scenic park 纪念公园memorial park 街旁绿地roadside green space 带状公园linear park 专类公园theme park 岩石园rock garden 社区公园community park 生产绿地productive plantation area 防护绿地green buffer, green area for environmental protection 附属绿地attached green space 居住绿地green space attachéd to housing estate, residential green space 道路绿地green space attached to urban road and square 屋顶花园roof garden 立体绿化vertical planting 风景林地scenic forest land 城市绿地系统urban green space system 城市绿地系统规划urban green space system planning 绿地覆盖面积green coverage 绿地覆盖率percentage of greenery coverage 绿地率greening rate, ratio of green space 绿带green belt 楔形绿地green wedge 城市绿地boundary line of urban green space 园林史landscape history, garden history 古典园林classical garden 囿hunting park 苑imperial park
园林景观专业英语词汇
园林景观专业英语词汇 园林景观专业英语词汇 规划planning 草图sketch；rough map 平面plan 剖面section 立面elevation 透视perspective 示意图diagram 容积率coverage 城市设计urban design; civic design 区域规划regional planning 步行轴ped axis 总体规划general planning; master planning 分区规划district planning 近期建设规划immediate plan 城市详细规划detailed planning 控制性详细规划control detailed planning 修建性详细规划site plan 居住区规划residential district planning 城市化urbanization
城市生态urban ecology 可持续发展sustainable development 历史文化名城保护规划Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities 旧城改建urban redevelopment 开发区development area 城市化水平urbanization level 城市群agglomeration 城镇体系urban system 卫星城satellite town 城市基础设施urban infrastructure 居民点settlement 市municipality; city 生态基础设施ecological infrastructure 牧场pasture 市域administrative region of a city 商业区commercial district 行政中心administration center 商业街commercial street 科技园technological region 校园规划campus planning 城市中心区urban center district
园林英语专业词汇
园林机械garden machine 园林工具garden instrument, garden implement 园林设备garden equipment 花坛分界隔板plastic bed divider 种植容器planting container 圆木桩log peg 喷射装置jet bubbler 滴灌trickle irrigator, drip irrigator 环动喷灌器circle sprinkler 圆筒喷灌器rotor sprinkler 自控器automatic controller 管端喷灌器hose end sprinkler 固定喷灌器stationary sprinkler 喷雾喷灌器mist sprinkler, spray head sprinkler 喷灌覆盖面sprinkler coverage 草坪加肥器lawn feeder 施肥喷灌器combined feeder and sprinkler 液肥混合调配器liquid fertilizer mixer-proportioner 滴水喷头emitter, dripper 水土保持塑料网erosion control plastic net 苗木包装材料nursery stock package material 麻布袋burlap bag 铁丝篮wire basket 篮状种植器basket container 塑料苗木桶plastic nurserican 播种盘seed tray 网孔盆mesh pot 含肥泥炭盆fertile peat pot 盆栽机potting machine
英语词汇学怎么考 英语词汇学必背知识点
英语词汇学怎么考英语词汇学必背知识 点 英语词汇学考试难吗？那么该课程怎么考？要知道英语考试并不是一蹴而就的，所以考前应该日记月累的学习，在最后考试的时候才能更好的通过考试，我们来看看英语词汇学必背知识点吧。 英语词汇学怎么考 英语词汇学是一门理论知识课，每个知识点应该说都重要，所以重点和一般本来就难以界定。从掌握知识来说，不要去分重点和一般，对每章每节都要以搞懂弄通为原则。 1、考前重点词汇复习方法 要知道语法填空重点考查的词：动词、形容词、副词和派生词。其中重点是动词，要把考点的设置与拼写的可能形式结合起来(如从谓语动词的角度来看，就要 考虑动词的时态、语态和主谓一致所带来的动词变化。其中过去式是考查重点，所以对动词的过去式，尤其是不规则动词的过去式和过去分词的拼写，自然就成为后期复习的重点。至于另外三大词类也完全可以如此类推。
2、词汇积累学习
加强短文背诵，增强“词不离句”意识。背诵是非常原始的英语学习方法，但也是非常积极、有效的学习方法。优选一些名家名篇，做为背诵的素材;或从课文中精选一些精悍之作，作为研习的精典，不但能够迅速提高语感，而且容易激发兴趣，形成活生生的词库，为单词的准确使用打下良好的基础。 3、英语主观题拿分技巧 首先是单词拼写，这是所有题目中考生得分最低的一个部分，通常平均分不超过3分，所以大家不要太在意，20个单词，对4个，能有2分就很不错了，如果想要提高这部分，大家还要有准备的背单词，因为这里面的单词，并不全是课本课后单词表的单词，其中很多都是以前在中学学过的，所以要准备这一部分，需要的是买一本自考英语的词汇大纲，按里面的词汇背记才有意义。 如果大家对英语词汇学课程学习有难度，那么可以通过在线视频学习的，以上三点就是学赛小编对英语词汇学必背知识点学习方法，希望大家能更好的学习。 点击进入>>>
园林英语词汇
中国古典园林classical Chinese gardens 苏州园林Suzhou Gardens 拙政园The Humble Administrator’s Garden 塔影亭the tower shadow Pavilion 留听阁the Stay and Listen Pavilion 浮翠阁the Floating Green Pavilion 笠亭the Li Pavilion 与谁同坐轩the “With Whom Shall I Sit?”Pavilion 宜两亭Both Families Pavilion 三十六鸳鸯馆the 36 Pairs of Mandarin Ducks’Hall 十八曼陀罗花馆the 18 Stramonium Flowers’Hall 枇杷园Loquat Garden 海棠春坞Malus spring castle 听雨轩the “Listen to the rain”Pavilion 玲珑馆Exquisite Hall 小飞虹the Small Flying Rainbow 得真亭the Get Reality Pavilion 小沧浪The small Pavilion of Quiet Meditation 听松风处the place for listening to the pine wind 香洲the Boat-like Structure 玉兰堂the Magnolia 远香堂Drifting Fragrance Hall 荷风四面亭the Pavilion in the Lotus Breezes 倚玉轩the Listening on Jade Pavilion 待霜亭the Orange Pavilion 雪香云蔚亭the Prunus Mume Pavilion 柳阴路曲the zigzag pathway with willow shade 绣绮亭the Peony Pavilion 见山楼the Mountain in View Tower 别有洞天the Moon Gate 留园The Lingering Garden 华步小筑 A Scene in the Lingering Garden 绿荫the Green Shade Pavilion 小蓬莱the Samll Fairy Isle 舒啸亭the Shuxiao Pavilion 浣云沼the Huanyun Billabong 明瑟搂the Pellucid Tower 涵碧山房Hanbi Mountain Villa 可亭Ke Ting Pavilion 五峰仙馆the Celestial Hall of Five Peaks 林泉耆硕之馆the Old Hermit Scholars’House 闻木樨香轩the Osmanthus Fragrance Pavilion 揖峰轩the Yifeng Pavilion 又一村“another village” 冠云峰the Cloud Capped Peak 冠云台the Cloud Capped Terrace 冠云亭the Cloud Capped Pavilion 曲溪楼the Zigzag Stream Tower 濠濮亭the Haopu Pavilion 曲廊the Zigzag Walkway 清风池馆the Refreshing Breeze Pavilion by the Lake 活泼泼地the Place of Liveliness 网师园The Master-of-Nets Garden 小山丛桂轩the Small Hill and Osmanthus Fragance Pavilion 云窟月洞门the Yunku Moon Gate 看松读画轩the Watching Pines and Appreciating Paitings Studio 射鸭廊the Duck Shooting Corridor 月到风来亭the Moon Come with Breeze Pavilion 冷泉亭the Cold Spring Pavilion 殿春簃the Peony Study 万卷堂the Hall of Scrolls 撷绣楼the Bueaty Within Reach Tower 五峰书屋the Five Peaks Library 真意门the True Feeling Gate 环秀山庄The Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty
园林术语中英文对照
园林术语中英文对照 园林设计术语 1.主入口大门/岗亭(车行 & 人行) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 2.次入口/岗亭(车行 & 人行 ) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN ) 3.商业中心入口 ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR. 4.水景 WATER FEATURE 5.小型露天剧场 MINI AMPHI-THEATRE 6.迎宾景观-1 WELCOMING FEATURE-1 7.观景木台 TIMBER DECK (VIEWING) 8.竹园 BAMBOO GARDEN 9.漫步广场 WALKWAY PLAZA 10.露天咖啡廊 OUT DOOR CAFE 11.巨大迎宾水景-2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-2 12.木桥 TIMBER BRIDGE 13.石景、水瀑、洞穴、观景台 ROCK'SCAPE / WATERFALL'S / GROTTO / VIEWING TERRACE 14.吊桥 HANGING BRIDGE
15.休憩台地(低处) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER ) 16.休憩台地(高处) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER ) 17.特色踏步 FEATURE STEPPING STONE 18.野趣小溪 RIVER WILD 19.儿童乐园 CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND 20.旱冰道 SLIDE 21.羽毛球场 BADMINTON COURT 22.旱景 DRY LANDSCAPE 23.日艺园 JAPANESE GARDEN 24.旱喷泉 DRY FOUNTAIN 25.观景台 VIEWING DECK 26.游泳池 SWIMMING POOL 27.极可意 JACUZZI 28.嬉水池 WADING POOL 29.儿童泳池 CHILDREN'S POOL
园林词汇大全
园林专业外语词汇大全 主入口大门/岗亭main entrance gate/guard house (for vehicle & pedestrian) 次入口/岗亭2nd entrance gate/guard house (for vehicle & pedestrian) 商业中心入口entrance to shopping ctr. 水景water feature 小型露天剧场mini amphi-theatre 迎宾景观welcoming feature 观景木台timber deck (viewing) 竹园bamboo garden 漫步广场walkway plaza 露天咖啡廊out door café 巨大迎宾水景-2 grand welcoming feature -2 木桥timber bridge 洞穴grotto 吊桥hanging bridge 休憩台地(低处) lounging terrace(lower) 休憩台地(高处) lounging terrace(upper) 特色踏步feature stepping stone 野趣小溪river wild 儿童乐园children's playground 旱冰道slide 羽毛球场badminton court 旱景dry landscape 日艺园Japanese garden 旱喷泉dry fountain 观景台viewing deck 游泳池swimming pool 极可意Jacuzzi 嬉水池wading pool 儿童泳池children's pool 蜿蜒水墙winding wall 石景雕塑rock sculpture 中心广场central plaza 健身广场exercise plaza 桥bridge 交流广场meditating plaza 趣味树阵tree battle formation 停车场parking area 特色花架trellis 雕塑小道sculpture trail (高尔夫)轻击区putting green 高尔夫球会所golf clubhouse 每栋建筑入口entrance paving to unit 篮球场basketball court
大学英语词汇学期末考试 重点复习资料整理 权威版 后附试题
2012词汇学复习资料 The development of the English Vocabulary 1.Indo-European Language Family The Indo-European Language Family is considered as one of the most important language families. It includes most languages of Europe, the Near East, and India. Those languages, which are believed to have originated from this language family and developed alone different lines, show various degrees of similarity to one another. They fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into an Eastern Set东部诸语族: Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语, Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语族, Armenian 亚美尼亚语族and Albanian阿尔巴尼亚语族; a Western Set: 西部诸语族Celtic凯尔特语族, Italic 意大利语族, Hellenic希腊语族, Germanic日尔曼语族. All the languages in both sets shed some influence on English to a greater or lesser extent because each has lent words into the English vocabulary. Prussian普鲁士语 Lithuanian立陶宛语 Polish波兰语 Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语Czech捷克斯洛伐克语 Bulgarian保加利亚语 Slovenian斯洛文尼亚语 Russian Albanian阿尔巴尼亚 Persian波斯语 Hindi北印度语 Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语系Bengali孟加拉语 Romany，吉卜赛语 Armenian亚美尼亚语 Portuguese Spanish Italic意大利语族Italian Roumanian罗马尼亚语 French Indo-European Language Family Irish Celtic凯尔特语Breton Scottish Norwegian挪威语 Icelandic，冰岛语 Danish丹麦语 Germanic Swedish瑞典语 日尔曼语言English Dutch Flemish German Hellenic，古希腊语- Greek
(完整版)全国英语词汇学(00832)高等教育自学考试试题与答案
全国高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（） A．meaning B．Sound C．combination of sounds D．Group 2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（） A．more slowly than B．As quickly as C．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as 3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound 4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle 5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need. （）A．form B．meaning C．look D．pronunciation 6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（） A．four B．fell C．for D．autumn 7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______. （）A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/ 英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页
景观规划设计专业英文术语
保留地 reserved land 步行街 pedestrian street 仓储区 warehouse district 仓储用地 warehouse land 城市（城镇） city 城市布局 urban layout 城市道路面积率 urban road area ratio 城市道路网 urban road network 城市道路网密度 density of urban road network 城市道路系统 urban road system 城市对外交通 intercity transportation 城市发展方向 direction for urban development 城市发展目标 goal for urban development 城市发展战略 strategy for urban development 城市防洪 urban flood control 城市防洪标准 flood control standard 城市防洪工程 flood control works 城市防空 urban air defense 城市防灾 urban disaster prevention 城市防震 earthquake hazard protection 城市给水 water supply 城市给水工程 water supply engineering
城市给水系统 water supply system 城市工程管线综合 integrated design for utilities pipelines 城市功能分区 functional districts 城市供电电源 power source 城市供电系统 power supply system 城市供热系统 district heating system 城市规划 urban planning 城市规划法规 legislation on urban planning 城市规划管理 urban planning administration 城市规划建设管理 urban planning and development control 城市规划区 urban planning area 城市规划用地管理 urban planning land use administration 城市规模 city size 城市化 urbanization 城市化水平 urbanization level 城市环境保护 city environmental protection 城市环境污染 city environmental pollution 城市环境质量 city environmental quality 城市环境质量评价 city environmental quality assessment 城市基础设施 urban infrastructure 城市集中供热 district heating 城市建成区 urban built-up area
(完整版)英语词汇学试题
英语词汇学试题 Introduction and Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1） I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct. A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root 2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics 3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes. A. Greek B. Roman C. Italian D. Germanic 4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic 5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects A. situation B. context C. time D. place 6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference. A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic 8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot 9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words. A. Jargon B. Argot C. Dialectal words D. Slang 10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it. A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman 11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words 12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. A. common B. little C. slight D. great 13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings. A. new B. old C. bad D. good 14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B. notional C. empty D. formal 15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. A. content B. notional C. empty D. new