高级英语第十三课课后习题答案

Lesson13 Britannia Rues the Waves

I .

1)Britain is sorry that she has lost her dominance on the high seas. Britain was proud of being the lord of the sea for along time, but now she regrets that she no longer enjoys a naval supremacy.

2)Shipping is a major successful industry in Britain because it makes over ￡l 000 million a year in foreign exchange earnings, which is of vital importance for the country. The reasons for the success are that the British ship-owners have put in big investment and that there has been a conference fixing prices to avoid cut-throat competition.

3)The stiff foreign competition comes from two main directions: from the Russians and the Eastern bloc countries who are massively expanding their merchant navies and doing their best to step into the international shipping trade by severely undercutting Western shipping companies, and from the merchant fleets of the developing countries, who are struggling to take over a big share of the trade between Europe and Africa, Asia and the Far East-routes over which Britain used to have a total dominance.

4)A "conference" is in fact a cartel, whose role is to fix prices for all the member nations and companies. 5)The oil-tanker fleets.

6)Because freight liners carry all sorts of different cargoes, so if there is a slump in" one particular industry, they may depend on others and survive.

7)The Third World countries regard a merchant navy as a symbol of their national power and have expanded their fleets at an incredible rate. Yes, they are.

8)They turn to high-technology investment. Yes, they are for the time being.

9)On one hand, Russia wants to earn hard currencies, on the other, a deeper motive is that it desires to increase its sphere of influence in the world.

10)The major problems are the Soviet Union's massive expansion of its merchant navy and undercutting of Western shipping companies, and UNCTAD, which guarantees the developing countries a major slice of the shipping trade. The problems also show that the capitalist world is divided rather than united as one.

Ⅱ.

1)cutting their way into the international shipping trade by charging much less freight rate than the Western shipping companies

2)who are determined to take the biggest share of the trade

3)Britain has important interests in these trade routes.

4) They make it more difficult to make a large amount of money when economic conditions are favorable.

5)But they make it easier to survive when economic conditions are unfavorable.

6)More and more oil tankers the world over lay idle.

7)Much of the fleet carries goods between foreign countries.

8)British companies are doing much business on the line between Japan and Australia.

9)Developing countries consider a merchant navy very important because it is a

sign of their economic power, so after they have set up a national airline, the next thing they would like to have is a merchant fleet.

10)Neither the growth in Russia's trade nor that in world trade would demand such

a rapid development of Russia's cargo-liner fleet.

11)These ships would certainly make it possible for she Soviet Union to exert its influence on countries far away from its territory.

12)When these smaller shipping companies go bankrupt, a big part of the few old industries that have been doing well and earning huge profits will close down.

Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.

IV.

1)NATO--North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织(北约)

2)OAS—Organization of American States美洲国家组织

3)OAU—Organization of African Unity非洲统一组织(非统)

4)ASEAN—Association of Southeast Asian Nations东南亚国家联盟(东盟)

5)OPEC—Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织

6)SALT—Strategic Arms Limitation Talks限制战略武器会谈

7)UNESCO—United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization 联合国教科文组织

8)M．I．T．-Massachusetts Institute of Technology麻省理工学院

9)BBC—British Broadcasting Corporation英国广播公司

10)V．I．P．-very important person重要人物

11)GMT—Greenwich mean time格林威治平均时

12)GNP—gross national product国民生产总值

13)KGB—Komite Gossudarstvennoi Bezopastnosti(Committee of State Security)国家安全委员会(克格勃)(苏联)

14)ICBM—inter—continental ballistic missile洲际弹道导弹

15)radar—radio detecting and ranging雷达

16)laser—light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光

V．

1)the sea and shipping：merchant navy，merchant fleet, sea routes,the high seas，tonnage，ship—owners，shipping companies．merchant ships，shipping managers，sailing-ships．steam-ships，shipowners，shipping conference, shipbuilding boom．shipping industry，oil-tanker fleet, charter rates，tankers，bulk carriers，dry cargo，bulk—carrier fleet．shipping sectors，freight—liner services，liner— freight vessels，agreed routes，ports, shipment, liner ship，freight rate，cargo—liner fleet，sea—lanes，shipping fleet，shipping lines．

2)economy and trade：foreign exchange，balance of payments，in deficit，shipping trade，undercut，invest，grant．tax concessions，competition，oil prices，depression。crisis，demand，slump，bankruptcy，customer，manufactured goods，cross—traders，profitable，foreign currency．high—technology investment，investment，container service, warehouse，a code number，trading partners。revenue，liner trade，seaborne

trade，profit，hard currency．imports，payment，trading ties，international business

Ⅵ．

1)grab the headlines 2)were being elbowed out 3)the lion's share 4)cash in on 5)made a big killing 6)having weathered7)is around the corner 8)the pinch of poverty 9)big lO)throw in the towel 11)made up 12)a slump

Ⅶ．

1)peril常暗指近在眼前的危险，而且很可能造成损失或伤害；danger是常用词，表示危险，但不一定迫在眉睫或不可避免。

2)grants指补贴给的钱；loans指借的钱。

3)sophisticated指不仅现代而且复杂，含有高精尖端技术等意；modern按时间划分，包括现在的和刚刚过去的，时间跨度可能相当长，也可能很短。

4)ruin意为“毁灭”；affect仅指产生不良影响。

5)depression指(经济)萧条；crisis指(经济)危机，比前者严重得多。

6)influence常用以表示无形的力量，指看不见的影响；affec常指看得到的影响。

7)lease指租赁，租借；charter是包租。

8)ratify指正式批准；pass指一般的通过。

9)invention指首次发明的东西；discovery指原本存在，现被发现的东西。

10)ability 能力。指能力，常常指能把事情干好；capability指潜在的。

Ⅷ．

1)mercantile 2)fleet，shipping，marine 3)significant，key 4)ships 5)vital 6)freight 7)slump 8)grow, increase 9)lines 10)plus 11)to drive 12)coordinated

Ⅸ．

1)Oil is considered the lifeline of industry．

2)The Soviet Union has already carved its way into the trade with the African countries．

3)The recession is biting deeply into the auto industry.

4)They tried to cash in on the internal conflict of the country．

5)Admiral Jellicoe said that if something was not done promptly to stop the losses，the Allies would have to throw in the towel before the end of the year．

6)They were elbowed out 0f the competition.

7)Big trouble lies just around the corner．

8)Officials insist that the country will be able to weather the boycott．

X．

1)Oil is the vital lifeline of the national economy in many Middle Eastern countries．

2)The Third World countries are bent on developing their industries

independently．

3)Some Western countries were afraid that the oil—producing countries would drive them out of business by undercutting them．

4)The British government promised to put up the money needed to solve the problem 0f unemployment．

5)Saudi Arabia’s proved reserves of on are by far th e greatest in the world．

6)The Chinese people stood the test of the Cultural Revolution．

7)These veteran soldiers have all weathered the test of many battles during the Second World War.

8)We are still a long way from the goal of the four modernizations.

9) Many scientists and technicians are out to learn foreign languages so as to be able to read first-hand reference materials.

ll)A new telegraph building will be completed and put into service soon.

12)Iraq's expansionism was under attack from the press all over the World.

13)The military expenditures of that country increase at a rate of 4% to 5% every year.

XI.

first, were, perhaps, thousand, the, Navy, coal, in, switch, which, all, to, of, tons ||growth, automobile, wars, surge, these, and, determined, by, shortest, oil, East, western || closure, following, Egypt, after, 1967, a, known, crude

XII. Omitted.

ⅫⅠ.

The Shipping Industry in China Since the founding of the People's Republic of China is1949, its shipping industry has witnessed an enormous expansion.

In the last thirty years and more, the shippment of passengers and freight has increased by over 1600%, passenger turnover by over nine times, and freight turnover by round about ninety times. The total tonnage of ships and barges has risen by over fifty times, and the volume of freight handled at ports and harbours both along the coastline and on the Yangtze River has become more than twenty times larger. As for navigational engineering, ships and harbours, machine-production industry, communications navigation, shippment monitoring, succouring and salvaging, and the research and education involved, all these sectors have developed at a rapid rate. In the total volume of freight turnover of all means of transportation, the shipping industry ac-counts for over 40% in the early 1980s, which is high above its share of less than 20% in the 1950s. As for the foreign trade freight, the shipping industry is also playing a more and more important role.

At present, China' s merchant navy is capable of arriving at more than 400 ports in the world. China has built up a relatively massive shipping system.

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Unit1 1.An inblance between the rich and poor is the oldest and most fatal ailment of republics 贫富不均乃共和政体最致命的宿疾 2.Their poverty is a temporary misfortune,if they are poor and meek,they eventually will inherit the earth 他们的贫穷只是一种暂时性的不幸，如果他们贫穷但却温顺，他们最终将成为世界的主人 3.Couples in love should repair to R H Macy?s not their bedroom 热恋的夫妇应该在梅西百货商店过夜，而不是他们的新房 4.The American beauty rose can be produced in the splendor and fragrance which bring cheer to its beholder only by sacrificing the early buds which grow up around it.and so is in economic life.It?s merely the working out of the a law of the nature and a law of god 美国这朵玫瑰花以其华贵与芳香让观众倾倒，赞不绝口，而她之所以能被培植就是因为在早期其周围的花蕾被插掉了，在经济生活中情况亦是如此。这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用 5.(it has become) an economically not unrewarding enterprise. （它已成为）经济上收入不菲的行业 6.There is~~no form of oppression that is quiet so great,no constriction on thought and effort quiet so comprehensive,as that which come from having no money at all 没有哪种压迫比身无分文更厉害，也没有哪种对思想和行为的束缚比一无所有来得更全面彻底 7.Freedom we rightly cherish,cherishing it,we should not use it as a cover for denying freedom to those in need 我们珍惜自由式对的。正因为珍惜自由，我们就不能以此为借口，不给最需要自由的人自由 8.Whether they be in Erhiopa,the south bronx,or even in such an Elysium as LosAngeles,we resolve to keep them off our minds 不管他们生活在埃塞俄比亚，还是在纽约的南部布朗克斯区，甚至是洛杉矶这样的天堂，人们都决心不去为这些人操心 9~~he is enjoy, as indicated, unparalleled popularity in high Washington circles. 如上述所说，他在华盛顿高层当中有无比的威望 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8715733115.html,passion , along with the association public effort is the least comfortable.the least convenient course of behavior and action in our time同情心，加上与之相关的社会努力是人们这个年代，最令人不快的行为何行动方针 Unit2 1.It was an idyllic life ,and we lived close to our family and to the comforts and safety a small town could afford 这是一种田园式的生活，我们和亲戚住的很近，享受着小镇生活所能给予我们的舒服和安全 2.But papa was a man of enterprise,he realized that the untouched Ten Thousand Islands off the southwest coast of the sate were rich in soil for crops and in game for food 但父亲是一个很有上进心的人，他知道佛罗里达州西南海岸的万岛群岛还没有被开发，那儿土壤肥沃，适于耕种，而且猎物充足，不必担心食物来源 3.This third day out,and the days to come,found us in the unsettled wilds of florida 出发后的第三天以及以后的日子里，我们都在佛罗里达无人居住的荒野中穿行 4.Its underwater grasses looked like green ribbons,constantly unrolling,and the trees held thick sprays of wild orchids 水里的水草就像绿色的丝带不断地伸展开来，野兰花一簇一簇地挂满了枝头 5.The burly arms of oaks were huge with ferns and blooming bromeliads.Redbirds,tanagers and painted buntings flew back and forth across the trail,leaving a child with the impression that the woods were tossing with jewels

大学英语作文30篇

1. Earthquake A severe earthquake occurred all of a sudden at 10 a.m yesterday in a rurai erea , about 200 kilometers east of the city . Initial reports coming out of the region indicate the earthquake has coused widespread damage and heavy causualties .Many adolescents were among those injured or killed . Yet it remains obscure exactly how many people were hurt and killed as the entire area has been enveloped in rubble . However , one thing is certain : many of the survivors may face years of pain and suffering . Local people were clearly shaken by this remainder of their mortality . Some religious ones have gatheered to pray that it will never recar . 2. Human and Nature When talking about human and nature , first , I alwafs think the nature give our human veary much —— foods、water、sunshine、warmth or something . We have enough space , and we are enjoying the favor of the nature every now and then . But sometimes , nature is cruel to us , and our human is powerless . For example , earthquake、flood、drought、and so on . 3. Dreams As I was growing up , my dream was always changing . In my childhold , my dream bbecome a policeman in future , So that I could cath the thief and criminal . However , by jonior middle school , my dream was to a People’s Liberation Army man in future . This dream was not changed until I college and I konwn it was don’t prealize . At the university , I attended the national flag guard . We raise flag in morning and flay down at night every day .Where I was deeply in love with militry life . Tody , I have a new dream . I hope to find a good job after graduate or will creat my own career . Then I consider my marriage . In order to be able to find a good job after graduate , I’m going to learn professonal knoledge now . 4. Green Consumption The conception of green consumption has gradually become popular in China . More and more green foods make their appearance on the market and more people become conscious of environmental protection . However , there still exist quite a few difficulties in the further promotion of this gerrn consumption . On the one hand , many people are still not quite clear of the advantages of green foods . On the other one hand , driven by high profits , make fake green foods are found in the m arket . Moreover , many consumers don’t want to pay extra money for the green foods . There maybe several ways to solve these problems . Firstly , the government should supervise the good quality strictly to protect the conssumers’ benfit . Secondly , th e conception of green consumption should be futher promoted and emphasized . Thirdly , the government should work together with the manufacture to make the price more reasonable .