英语五大基本句型惯性养成学习、汉译英练习

基本句型汉译英练习

主谓结构

主系表结构

主谓宾结构

主谓+双宾语结构

主谓+复合宾语结构

there be 结构

英语高考并无汉译英试题，我们为什麽还要练？

中国人学英语不是为了实现中英文的互相转换吗？培养学生在讲英语的国家的生存能力难道是中国基础教育的任务吗？

汉译英能力的提高，定会促进英语书面表达能力的提高。因为，当我们做翻译练习时，始终会对中英文的差别保持警觉，而这正是学习外语的最佳心理状态。要知道，鹦鹉学舌，事倍功半。而当今的外语教学完全排斥母语和翻译的做法是不对的。我们可不要做 throw out the baby with the bath water 的傻事了。

高考书面表达考察考生的基本能力，要求考生能用正确的，地道的英语进行表达。而衡量一个句子是否正确的尺度之一是基本句型。要知道，仅仅堆砌一些相关词语是得不了几分的。要是让阅卷老师觉得你的基本功差，你可就惨了。

主谓结构

说明：

本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。如，

The sun rises.

主语可有修饰语---定语，如，The red sun rises.

谓语可有修饰语---状语，如，The red sun rises in the east.

翻译练习：

1. 你应当努力学习。

2. 她昨天回家很晚。

3. 那天早上我们谈了很多。

4. 会议将持续两个小时。

5. 在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。

6. 这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。

7. 1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。

8. 每天八时开始上课。

9. 这个盒子重五公斤。

10. 五年前我住在北京。

11. 爱丽丝很会游泳。

12. 约翰的父亲昨晚去世了。

13. 秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。

14. 我的爷爷早晨起得很早。

15. 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。

主系表结构

说明：本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有

（1）表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound.

（2）表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand.

（3）表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow.

翻译练习：

1. 我的兄弟都是大学生。

2. 冬季白天短，夜晚长。

3. 布朗夫人看起来很健康。

4. 十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。

5. 孩子们，请保持安静。

6. 这本书是有关美国历史的书。

7. 她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。

8. 他失业了。

9. 树叶已经变黄了。

10. 这个报告听起来很有意思。

主谓宾结构（一）

说明：

此结构是由主语+谓语+宾语够成。其中的谓语动词须是及物的动词或及物的动词词组。宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。

翻译练习：

1. 昨晚我写了一封信。

2. 今天下午我想同你谈谈。

3. 这本书他读过多次了。

4. 他们成功地完成了计划。

5. 你们必须在两周内看完这些书。

6. 那位先生能流利地说三种语言。

7. 我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。

8. Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。

9. 我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。

10. 他不知道说什麽好。

11. 他每天早晨洗冷水澡。

12. 我开窗户你在意吗？

主谓宾结构（二）

说明：此结构中的谓语动词常常是动词词组,分两种情况:

1.及物动词+副词，

2.不及物动词+介词。

1.含有away, out, forward, up 等副词的动词词组是可拆分的。如，

They carried out the plan successfully.我们还可以说，

They carried the plan out successfully. 但我们只能说

As the plan was practical, they carried it out successfully.

动副词组都可以这样用，如，point out（指出）, carry out（执行）, put forward（提出）, work out （做出，算出）, find out（找出）, give up（放弃）, give away（赠送，分发）,pick up（拣起）, put up （挂上）, 等。

2. 而含有介词 at, for, from, into, of, with, to 等的动介词组是不可拆分的。如，look after（照顾）, look at（瞧）, look for（寻找）, belong to（属于）, refer to（参考，提及）, think of（考虑，评价）, send for（派人去请）, care for（喜欢）,suffer from（受…之苦）, deal with(对付，应付), object to （反对）, pay for（付…的钱）,等。即我们只能说think of it,不能说think it of.

in 在动词词组中用作副词，表示“在里面”，“往里进”，“在家”等意思。如，get in(收割),hand in（提交，交进）。

用作介词，表示“在…地点”，“在…范围”，“在…方面”。如，persist in(坚持)，succeed in (在…成功)。

Off在动词词组中用作副词，表示“关闭”，“隔离，离开”，“去掉”，等意思。如，turn off（关掉）, switch off

（关掉）, ring off（挂断电话）, keep off（远离）, take off(脱掉）, kick off（踢脱）, carry off（运走）, put off（推迟）, pay off（付清）,give off（放出).

用作介词，表示“从…下来”。如，get off（下车）, fall off（从…掉下来）.

On 在动词词组中用作副词，表示“开”，“走开”，“传递”，“穿戴”。如，turn on(开),move on（走开）, pass on（传递）, put on（穿上）, have on（穿着）.

用作介词，表示“在…上”，“在…方面”。如，work on（从事于…）, operate on（在…上动手术）, agree on （同意）。

表示“上车，上船，上…”, 如,get on（上车，上船）,ride on（骑上）。

表示“依靠”，“以…为基础”，“按照”，如，depend on（依靠）,base on（以…为基础）, feed on （以…为食）, live on（以…为生计）.

Over在动词词组中用作副词，表示“翻转”，“翻倒”，如， turn over（打翻，翻倒）,push over（推倒）.

表示“过一遍”，“仔细”，“遍及”，如，think over（仔细考虑）,look over（仔细查看，研究）.

用作介词，表示“从上越过”，如，fly over（从上飞过）, jump over（从上跳过）.go over(越过，横过)。

表示“为了”，“由于”，如，quarrel over（为…争吵）,cry over（因…哭泣）.

表示“查看”，“复习”，“检查”，如，go over（检查，复习）.

附：许多由及物动词+名词+介词构成的三词动词词组也要跟宾语，如：

pay attention to（注意）, catch hold of（抓住，握住）, catch sight of（看见，发现）,do harm to （对…有害）, get rid of（排除，除去）, make fun of（取笑，嘲笑）,put (one’s) heart into（专心于…）, say hello to（打招呼）, sing praise for（赞扬，表扬）,take care of（照顾）, take part in（参加）, take pride in（以…自豪，骄傲）。

翻译练习：

1. 我不信任那个人。

2. 他指出了我的作文中的错误。

3. 圣诞节我们将去看望外籍教师。

4. 你们必须在课后把练习本交上来。

5. 五分钟内我们是不可能解出这道题来的。

6. 他们高度赞扬了英雄的业迹。

7. 这位护士会好好照顾你父亲的。

8. 你在工作中可依靠他。

9. 沸腾的水散发水蒸汽。

10. 写完作文后，我们必须把它从头到尾看一遍。

11. 脱掉你的外套，走前再穿。

12. 人们会把她找出来的。

13. 我们必须派人去请医生

双宾语结构

说明：

此结构由主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）组成。如，

He brings me cookies every day.

She made me a beautiful dress.

但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for,如，

He brings cookies to me every day.

She made a beautiful dress for me.

用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。

用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。

常跟双宾语的动词有：需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask,等。

（需借助for 的） buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare,等。翻译练习：

1.Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。

2. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。

3. Mary把钱包交给校长了。

4. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？

5. 他把车票给列车员看。

6. 这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了。

7. 我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。

8. Robinson Crusoe 给自己做了一只小船。

9. 请你给我弄一本新的，好吗？

10. 我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？

11. 新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。

复合宾语结构

说明:

此结构由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语构成。宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑

的主谓关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整。可以用做宾补的有，名词，形容词，

副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词。如，

The sun keeps us warm.

I heard him singing.

You must get your hair cut.

用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，是英语常用句型。

即主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + 真正宾语。如，

I found it very pleasant to be with your family.

翻译练习

1. 我们叫她Alice.

2. 他的父母给他取名为John.

3. 我们大家都认为他是诚实的。

4. 他们把门推开了。

5. 他们把小偷释放了。

6. 我们要使学校变得更美丽。

7. 他请我们参加做游戏。

8. 我要你把真相告诉我。

9. 卫兵命令我们立即离开。

10. 明天我要找人来修理机器。

11. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。

12. 痛苦使得他叫喊起来。

13. 我们不会让她在晚上外出的。

14. 他每个月理一次发。

15. 我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。

16. 那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了

17. 她正在听人家讲故事。

18. 男孩子们都在看士兵们操练。

19. 我从来没看见这个字这样用过。

20. 他感到很难跟你交谈。

21. 我想乘船去那里更舒服些。

22. 我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。

23. 学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。

24. 我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。

There be 句型

说明：

此句型是由 there + be + 主语 + 状语构成，用以表达存在有，一种无主语的有。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语。Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如，

现在有 there is/are …

过去有 there was/were…

将来有 there will be…/there is /are going to be...

现在已经有 there has/have been…

可能有 there might be...

肯定有 there must be …/there must have been...

过去一直有 there used to be …

似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …

碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be …

此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive,等。

翻译练习：

1. 今晚没有会。

2. 这个村子过去只有一口井。

3. 这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。

4. 客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。

5. 天气预报说下午有大风。

6. 灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。

7. 战前这儿一直有家电影院的。

8. 恰好那时房里没人。

9. 从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。

10. 公共汽车来了。

11. 就只剩下二十八美元了。

12. 在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。

13. 铃响了。

14. 二月份有二十八天。

大学英语汉译英答案

Unit 4 Translation 1、接受这份工作就得经常在周末上班，但约翰并不在意。 To take this job would involve working on weekends frequently, but John didn’t mind 2、众所周知，肺癌至少部分地是由于吸烟过多而引起的。 It is well know that lung cancer is caused at least in part by smoking too much. 3、我祖父母说，发明电视的那个人曾住在他们那个地段。 My grandparents said that the man who invented television had once lived in their neighborhood. 4、我提议咱们会后马上去办公室找史斯密教授，邀请他参加我们的英语晚会。 I propose that we go to find Prof. Smith in his office right after the meeting and invite him to our English evening 5、她因那病开过两次刀，身体十分虚弱，几乎站不起来。 Having been operated on twice for the disease, she was so weakened that she could barely stand up 6、教育家们认为，伴随着电视机长大的一代人，在电视机前花的时间太多，以致没有足够的时间学习了。Educators think that the generation growing up with television spend so much of their time in front of the TV that they do not have enough time to study. 7、我真希望你能拿出一个比这更好的解决办法来。 I do hope that you can come up with a better solution than this. 8、乍一看，这幅画并不好，但经过仔细观察，我们才发现它的的确观察，我们才发现它的确是一幅杰作。 At first glance the picture didn’t l ook very good, but after examining it carefully we found that it was indeed a masterpiece. Unit 5 Translation 1、史密斯医生从窗口望出去，突然看到一个年轻人正向他的诊所奔来。 Looking out of the window, Dr. Smith caught sight of a young man running towards his clinic. 2、艾米过去除了咖啡什么都不喝。 Amy used to drink nothing but coffee. 3、迈拉得知丈夫在事故中受了伤便哭了起来。 Myra broke into tears when she learned that her husband had got injured in an accident. 4、我们好几天没有看见怀特小姐了。她是病倒了还还是怎么了？ W haven’t seen Miss White for quite a few days. Has she fallen ill of somethi ng? 5、研究所所长亲自查明一切都没有问题。 The director of the research institute came in person to make sure that everything was all right. 6、伦尼今天早晨上学又迟到了。他应该早一点起床的。肯定是昨晚睡得太迟了。 Lennie was late for school again this morning. He ought to /should have got up earlier. He must have stayed up too late last night 7、嗨，你不应该把那些孩子赶跑。他们是来帮忙的，不是来捣蛋的。 Say you oughtn’t to have driven away those kids. They came to lend you a hand, not to make trouble. 8、对护士来说，坚持这项规定是很重要的。 It is important for nurses to stick to this rule. Unit 6 Translation 1、据报道，那条铁路曾因洪水而停止修建。 It was reported that the building of the railway had been held up by a flood. 2、罢工结果，资方接受了工人的要求。 The strike resulted in the management accepting the workers’ demands. 3、煤矿工人们决定为争取更好的工作条件举行罢工。 The coalminers decided to go on strike for better working conditions 4、我很想买下这本英文词典，遗憾的是我身上带的钱不够。

综合英语教程2_课后翻译练习答案

综合英语教程2课后翻译答案汇总 Book Two Unit 1 Someone Waiting 1. I don’t like to see people off at the railway station. 2. The company is giving a farewell party for you on Monday evening. A car will come to your hotel to pick you up at half past seven. 3. She was so excited that she couldn’t help giving me a warm embrace. 4. I never quite succeed in overcoming the sense of being out of place. 5. She glanced round the room to see who was there. 6. His big shoes look like small boats. 7. You should fold the eggs into flour instead of doing it in the opposite way. Unit 2 Football 1. He thinks that the marriage between them is no more than a business deal. 2. He used up all the money he had. 3. The young man saved your daughter from drowning. 4. She had absolutely nowhere to go, so she read some old books at

汉译英作业答案

汉译英作业答案

参考答案 第一讲 1. 注意安全，小心路滑。C aution， slipper floor. 2. 禁止吸烟，违反者将被罚款100元。Smoking is prohibited, penalties for violators is 100 yuan. 3. 雨天，雪天，减速行驶。 Slow in case of rain or snow. 4. 老年人优先上车。 Senior Citizens First. 5. 桥上严禁超车。No Overtaking On Bridge. 第二讲Task: Please translate the following passage into English.（Open) A 广西中医学院护理学院成立于1999年, 其前身--广西中医学院附设护士学校创建于1979年。回首20多年的风雨历程,至今已发展成为广西仅有的两所高等护理院校之一。近几年,学院紧紧围绕教学与产业并举,中职教育与高职教育并重,传统培养与特色培训相结合的办学思路,开创了教学产业化道路的新局面, 使学院步入了持续快速健康发展的轨道, 如今学院无论是"硬件"还是"软件", 均已颇具规模,现有在校生2663人, 教职工71人, 专兼职教师46人, 其中高中级职称教师40人,占全体教师比例的86.5%。开设有西医护理、中医护理、中医医疗、中西结合、针灸推拿5个专业。今年经自治区教育厅批准又

蕊要去美国做手术？又为什么，包括王治郅、巴特尔在内的诸多篮球运动员也都要飞往美国治疗呢？要让人家相信你，就得拿出成功的例子，这样才不会出现对中医的“妖魔化”。 第三讲 A 护理科研论文写作中常见句型 1. 本文介绍/叙述/报告/讨论了…… T his paper (report, article) presents/describes/reports/discusses 2. 在这篇文章中，我们介绍/叙述/报告/讨论了… In this paper (report, article), we present/describe/report/discuss 3. 我们描述了一例…… We describe a case of 4. 本文报告一例…… A case is reported in which...... 5. 本文报告了……的研究。 A study of ... is reported 6. 本研究旨在……

综合英语教程五beauty英汉翻译

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Then after a short while, I will be cheered up again. 15、冬天给我一种感觉，那就是春天很快就要到来了。Winter gives me a feeling that spring will not be far behind. 远程教学中我最喜欢的课程是英语。The course I like best of the online education is English. 我的爱好让我忙碌并且兴奋。My hobbies keep me busy and excited. 我最喜欢的食物是鸡蛋。My favorite food is egg. 它很软，又美味又有营养。It is soft, delicious and nutritious. 在小学的时候，我就知道如何做蒸蛋、煮蛋、炒蛋和蛋汤。When I was in primary school, I knew how to make steamed eggs, boiled eggs, fried eggs and egg soup. 在小学的时候，我就知道怎么样做鸡蛋给我父母吃。When I was in primary school, I got to know how to cook eggs for my parents. 我们能用鸡蛋做蛋糕、面条和其他食物。我非常喜欢鸡蛋。We can use eggs to make cakes, noodles and other food. 它对老年人、年轻人和身体虚弱的人都很有好处。It is good for the old, the young and the weak. 21、英语掌握得好，可以使我在竞争激烈的职场上拥有优势。 A good command of English can provide me with advantages in the competitive job market. 26、我喜欢收集卡片，还喜欢和朋友打牌。答案是：I like collecting cards and playing cards with my friends. 27、尽管公交车或小汽车更快捷、更方便，我仍然喜欢骑自行车，从中我得到了无穷乐趣。 Although buses and cars are faster and more convenient, I still prefer to ride a bike. I get much pleasure from it. 29、很多人出门的时候可能喜欢乘公交车或小汽车，但是我最喜欢的交通方式是骑自行车。 答案是：Many people may like to travel by bus or by car, but my favorite means of transportation is by bike. 这本书讲述了发生在清朝的贾宝玉和林黛玉之间的爱情故事。The book tells us a love story that happened between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu in the Qing dynasty. 我最喜欢的书书名叫《红楼梦》，它是曹雪芹写的。The book I like best is a novel entitled “Dream of the Red Mansion”by Cao Xueqin. 下雪的时候，万物都变得雪白明亮。树上、房顶上都覆盖着厚厚的一层雪。 When it snows, everything turns white and bright. Trees and houses are all covered with thick snow. 下过雪后，我和朋友们通常会堆雪人，向对方掷雪球。这给我们带来了很大的乐趣。 After a snowfall, my friends and I usually make snowmen and throw snowballs at each other, which give us much pleasure. 我有相当多的爱好。I have quite a few hobbies. 我最喜欢冬天。I like winter best. 我对绘画、听音乐和唱歌都有兴趣。I am interested in drawing pictures, listening to music and singing songs. 36、在辛苦工作一天之后，我期盼能好好放松一下，而看电视正是一种好的放松方式。 答案是：After a day of hard work, I look forward to a good relaxation and watching TV is a good way to relax. 37、在现代社会，人们比以前越来越重视娱乐。In modern society, people pay more and more attention to entertainment than before. 38、总之，看电视确实娱乐了我。In a word, watching TV really entertains me a lot. 互联网能以非常快的速度给我们大量的信息，这能帮助我们学习知识。Internet gives us information in a great volume and at very fast speed, which helps us learn knowledge. 它随时都能给我们提供多种娱乐。Internet provides many kinds of entertainment to us at any time. 它给我们提供了一个交流的平台。Internet provides a platform for us to communicate. 40、这本书对我来说是非常有价值的。This book is very valuable to me. 41、新闻有好有坏，但都能帮助我更好地了解社会。There is good news and bad news, which helps me understand the society better. 44、我喜欢学习英语，因为我喜欢和外国人谈话，还喜欢看迪斯尼动画。 答案是：I enjoy learning English because I like speaking with foreigners and I like watching Disney cartoons. 45、我们能通过读书、读报和看杂志来得到信息，也可以通过听收音、看电视、上网来获取信息。 反馈正确答案是：We can get information by reading books, newspapers and magazines, by listening to radio, watching TV and using internet. 47、从这本书中，我还了解了清朝贵族们的生活，也能学到不少生活哲理。 反馈正确答案是：From this book, I also get to know the noble people’s life in the Qing Dynasty and learn some life philosophies from it. 48、和其他的经典曲目不同，这首曲子易懂易学。Unlike other classics, it is easy to learn and understand. 49、我被这个故事中的真爱深深地打动了。I was deeply moved by the true love in the story. 50、“月亮河”能使我处于良好的情绪状态。Moon River can help me to stay in good mood. 51、我最喜欢的获取信息的方式还是运用互联网。My favorite means of getting information is by using internet. 52、电视上的音乐让我忘却紧张。The pleasant music on TV can keep me away from tension. 53、我要抓住每个机会练习英语。I will catch every chance to practice English. 英语已经成为世界通用语，几乎每个国际间的场合都要用到英语。English has become a world-wide language. It is used on almost every international occasion. 57、新闻向我们介绍了很少发生在我们周围的有趣的人和事。News introduces interesting people and things that seldom appear around us. 59、通过新闻，我可以得知我们政府的政策。Through the news, I get to know the policies of our government. 60、虽然下雪天变得稀少了，我仍然期盼着冬天的到来，Although snowing days become rare, I’m still longing for the winter to come. 61、大多数的信息是用英语写成的，如果我的英语好，我就能从其他国家得到第一手信息。 Most information is written in English. If I master English very well, I can get first-hand information from other countries. 62、从中学开始我就喜欢听这首曲子。I have enjoyed listening to this piece of music ever since I was a high school student.通过新闻，我每天都能知道国内外正在发生的事情，跟得上形势。Through the news, I get to know what is happening at home and abroad every day and keep up with times. 1、骑自行车的时候，我能有更多的自由。我能选择自己的路线。我能在我喜欢的任何地方驻足停留。而且，我能看到一些在公交车上或小汽车里可能会错过的人和事物。When I travel by bike, I get more freedom. I can choose my own route. I can stop wherever I like. And I can see things and people that I might miss when I travel on a bus or in a car.