2021版高考英语大一轮必考知识点复习Book 1 Unit 2

Ⅰ.读句品词——阅读下列句子，写出加黑单词的词性及汉语意思

1．Judging from your accent，you must be from England.n.口音

其他意义：n.腔调；重音2．As you know，bamboo always stands straight，so it represents “noble”and “strong-willed”．ad v.笔直地

3．After today’s heavy snow，many roads are still blocked，so we have to choose another way.

v.阻塞；堵塞

其他意义：n.街区；块；木块；石块4．The study of science has enriched all our lives，which makes us live simply.v.使丰富；充实

Ⅱ.语境填词

背一背

1．official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的n．官员

2．voyage n．航行；航海

3．native adj.本国的；本地的n．本国人；本地人

4．actually ad v.事实上；实际上

5．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的

6．latter adj.较后的；(两者中)后者的；后半的n．后者

7．command n．& v t.命令；指令；掌握

8．request n．& v t.请求；要求

练一练[从左栏中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空]

1．I made friends with the natives，and their reaction amazed me.

2．Of the two opinions，I disagree with the former，but prefer the latter.

3．Last week some city officials suggested the city should be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place.

4．The voyage from England to India used to take six months，but now it takes less.

5．If you have a good command of foreign languages，you’ll have no difficulty working in this company.

Ⅲ.拓展提升

背一背

1．base v t.以……为根据n．基部；基础；基地→basic adj.基础的→basis n．基础；基部；基准

2．spelling n．拼写；拼法→spell v．拼写

3．identity n．本身；本体；身份→identify v．确认；识别

4．fluent adj.流利的；流畅的→fluency n．流利；流畅→fluently ad v.流利地；流畅地5．frequent adj.频繁的；常见的→frequently ad v.常常；频繁地→frequency n．频率；次数6．expression n．词语；表示；表达；表情→express v t.表示；表达n．快车；速递7．recognize v t.辨认出；承认；公认→recognition n．识别；承认；赞誉

练一练[用所给单词的正确形式填空]

1．In order to speak English fluently(fluent)，I practice oral English with my partner every day. 2．As soon as he heard the news，an expression(express) of surprise automatically appeared. 3．It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face and some cities have changed beyond all recognition.(recognize)

4．Based on the analysis about it，we changed the basic use of it.(base)

5．The police asked him to show his identity card to identify whether he was the attacker.(identity)

Ⅳ.选词填空

背一背

1．more than超过；非常；不只是；不仅是

2．because of由于；因为

3．come up走近；上来；被提出

4．base...on/upon以……为基础/根据

5．at present目前；现在

6．make use of利用；使用

7．such as例如……；像这种的

8．leave for动身去

9．believe it or not信不信由你

10．play a part (in)扮演一个角色；参与

练一练[从左栏中选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空]

1．Believe it or not，the poor old man is a greatest scientist.

2．They tried their best to make use of the chance that their school offered to study abroad. 3．At present，I do not have the information about the meeting you asked about. 4．The question which came up at the meeting was whether we had enough money. 5．He was sentenced to death because of what he had stolen from the bank.

6．He was more than sad when he heard the news that his grandmother had passed away.

Ⅴ.仿写运用

背一背

1．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.

以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。

2．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。

3．Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.

信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。

4．This is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.这是因为在早期的收音机时代，对新闻播音员的要求是讲一口极好的英语。练一练[用左栏中的句式结构完成下列句子]

1．我觉得即使我们输掉了比赛，这对我们来说也是一场胜利。(even if)(2018·天津)

I felt that it would be a victory for us even if we lost the game.

2．我的英语取得了很大进步，老师表扬了我，说与其说我聪明倒不如说我勤奋。(more...than...)

I made such great progress in English that my teacher praised me saying that I was more diligent than clever.

3．任何事情都是要付出代价的，在这个世界上并没有免费的午餐。(no such...as...) Everything comes with a price；there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.

4．他被送到了医院，那是因为他生病了。(That was because...)

He was sent to hospital.That was because he was ill.

1．en前后缀构成的动词

(1)enrich v．使富裕；充实

(2)enlarge v．扩大；使增大

(3)encourage v．鼓励

(4)sharpen v．削尖；使锐利

(5)strengthen v．加强；使变强

2．“旅行”家族

(1)voyage航行；航海

(2)tour (观光)旅行

(3)travel旅行

(4)trip (短途)旅行；外出

(5)journey (长途) 旅行

(6)outing远足

3．“因为，由于”短语速递

(1)because of因为；由于

(2)due to由于

(3)owing to由于

(4)thanks to多亏；由于

(5)as a result of因为

(6)on account of因为

4．“动词＋for”意为“动身去”的短语

(1)leave for动身去

(2)head for走向；朝……行进

(3)make for前往；走向

(4)start for动身去

(5)set out/off for动身去

base vt.以……为据点(或总部等)；以……为根据

n．基部；基地；基础

用base的正确形式填空

(1)A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of it is based(base) on trust and existing relationships.(2019·北京)

(2)According to the survey，it is possible for the government to meet the people’s basic(base)

needs.

句型转换

(3)It’s wrong of us to judge a person by his appearance.

→It’s wrong of us to judge a person on the basis of/based on/upon his appearance.

句式升级

(4)The restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right.(改为分词短语作状语)

Based on trust，the restaurant is working all right.

Don’t judge one based on what you see.It’s probably because he acts what he wants you to see.不要根据你看到的去评价一个人，因为你看到的有可能是他想让你看到的。

command v．命令；博得；拥有；指挥n．命令；掌握；运用能力

(1)command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事

command that...(should) do...命令……

(2)at one’s command听某人支配

take command of指挥；控制

have a good command of掌握……；精通……

in command of掌管；掌握

单句语法填空

(1)I’m at your command—what would you like me to do?

(2)If you do not serve others，you cannot take command of them.

句型转换

(3)The boss commanded his workers not to leave(leave) their office before dark.

→The boss commanded that his workers (should) not leave their office before dark.

Such a good command of oral English do I have that I will have no trouble communicating with foreigners.我如此精通英语口语，我将会毫无障碍地与外国人交流。

request vt.& n.要求；请求

(1)request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事

request that...(should) do sth.请求……

It is requested that...(should) do sth.要求……

(2)at one’s request(＝at the request of sb.)应某人的要求

make (a) request for sth./that...请求；要求……

单句语法填空

(1)All the visitors are requested not to take(not，take) pictures of the exhibitions.

(2)What’s your opinion of Mr Li’s request that we (should) spend(spend) half an hour reading English aloud every morning?

单句改错

(3)I learn that you are going to visit your Chinese friend under

at his request.

句型转换

(4)All members are requested to be present at the party.

→It is requested that all members should be present at the party.

用法点拨

动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词为“(should＋)动词原形”。

He ignored the neighbour’s requests that he should make less noise.他无视邻居不让他那样吵闹的请求。

recognize v.认识；辨认出；意识到；承认，认可；赏识，表彰；正式向……致谢

(1)recognize...as/to be...把……看作……

It is recognized that...人们公认……

(2)recognition n．认出；认识

beyond recognition认不出来

单句语法填空

(1)China’s image is improving steadily，with more countries recognizing(recognize) its role in international affairs.(2019·江苏)

(2)The teenager was brave enough to save the woman’s life and recognized as a hero.

(3)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition(recognize)．

单句写作

(4)人们一致认为环境污染已经变成了最严重的问题之一。

It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems.

Don’t wait for a smile to be nice，and don’t wait to be lonely to recognize the value of a friend.不要等到别人对你微笑你才对人友善，不要等到寂寞才意识到朋友的价值。

come up走近；上来；发生；出现；被提出；发芽；升起

一词多义——写出下列句子中come up的汉语意思

(1)The snowdrops(雪花莲) are just beginning to come up.长出地面；发芽

(2)It will be so great watching the sun coming up.(太阳)升起

(3)I’m afraid something urgent has come up；I won’t be able to see you tonight.发生；出现

(4)The problem of getting new uniforms came up at the meeting.被提出；被讨论

(5)The student came up to his teacher and asked for advice.走近；上前

come up with提出；想出

come across(偶然)遇见；发现；被理解

come to总计；达到

when it comes to...当谈到……

用come短语的正确形式填空

(6)I came across this old photograph when looking for a book yesterday.

(7)Specialists can come up with new ways to solve the problem of air pollution.

易错点拨

come up被提出，不及物，主语常是计划、建议、问题等；come up with提出，及物，主语是人、团体或组织。

When it comes to speaking in public，no one can equal him.当谈到在公共场合发言时，无人能与他相比。

make use of 利用；使用

(1)

?

??make full/good use of make the best/most of 充分利用

(2)come into use 开始被使用 be of (great) use (很)有用

It is no use/useless doing sth.做某事是没用的 单句语法填空

(1)Your time should be made full use of to exercise(exercise)．

(2)His success lies in the use that/which he can make of every chance to improve himself.

(3)With the examination approaching ，full use must be made(make) of every minute to go over lessons.

(4)My mother always told us it is no use crying(cry) over spilt milk. (5)This old machine is of no use ；we ’ll try to get rid of it. 易错点拨

在对make use of 进行考查时，常把名词use 提前使用被动语态；或把名词提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句，如第(2)和(3)题所示。

Taking up painting is the best use that I make of my spare time ，which has benefited me a lot.我充分利用业余时间学画画，这使我受益匪浅。

more...than..

It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。

more...than...与其说……倒不如说……

(1)more than多于(后跟数词)；不仅仅(后跟名词)；非常；岂止(后跟形容词、副词等)

(2)not more than不多于；不超过；至多

no more than仅仅；只不过

单句写作

如果你能接受我的建议，我会非常感激的。

I’d be more than grateful if you could follow my advice.

联想发散

含than的短语还有：other than除了；rather than 而不是；less than不到；少于

(1)She was more upset than angry when her son lied to her again.当她儿子再次向她撒谎时，与其说她生气不如说她伤心。

(2)As is known to all，Francis Bacon is more than a great writer and he is also an outstanding scientist.众所周知，弗朗西斯·培根不仅是一位伟大的作家而且还是一位杰出的科学家。

even if引导让步状语从句

Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.

以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。

单句语法填空

(1)He won’t eat his words even if he knows(know) he said the wrong things.

(2)He won’t come to our party even if invited(invite)．

完成句子

(3)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then，even if/though he’s in his nineties.

尽管我的祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍不时打网球。

(4)Even if a person has already got plenty of money，happiness can’t be bought by money.

即使一个人已经有很多钱，也不能买来幸福。

句式升级

(5)Most objects，even if they are opaque(不透光的) to visible light，will let X-rays through.(改为省略句)

Most objects，even if opaque to visible light，will let X-rays through.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．As we joined the big crowd，I got separated from my friends.

2．The boy wouldn’t leave even though asked(ask) to twice.

3．The number of people，who walk the dog outdoors，has dropped(drop) by 17 percent in the past years.

4．It took him a long time before he realized that he had based(base) all his statements on a false story.

5．The professor came to our school to give lectures by request.

6．The film star dislikes being recognized(recognize) in public，so he has got to wear sunglasses. 7．I advise you to do what you like to keep calm，such as listening to music，doing sports and so on. 8．It was the king who commanded they (should) serve(serve) the princess heart and soul. 9．Friends play an important part in our lives，although we may take friendship for granted. 10．They packed up their suitcases in the way that their coach told them.

Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)

1．After renovation and reconstruction the old port has changed beyond the recognition.

2．We told him that our services were completely in

at his command.

3．I hope the information will be of great useful

use to you.

4．Whoever comes up

∧

with a new idea of how to work out the puzzle will be given a prize.

5．The horse is not native of

to America，but actually it was introduced by the Spanish.

6．While reading this passage I picked up no much

more than several mistakes.

7．Even if my work is challenging，but I won’t get rid of it.

新视野大学英语(第三版)Book3Unit2知识点

Book 3 Unit 2 教材总结 Text A 一、单词 1.waterproof a. 防水的；不透水的n. [C, usu. pl.] 防水衣物；雨衣 2.jetty n. [C] 栈桥；突堤；登岸码头 3.notorious a. 臭名昭著的；声名狼藉的 4.hop vi. 快速行走；弹跳 5.oust vt. （尤指为取而代之而）迫使（某人）放弃职位；把?撵走 6.feeble a. 1 非常虚弱的；无力的 2 蹩脚的；无效的；站不住脚的 7.recede vi. 1 减弱，减小（可能性）2（从高处）后退 8.deem vt. 认为 9.pathetic a. 1 招人怜悯的；可怜的 2 没用的；无效的 10.mob n. [C] 同类的一群人 11.gasp vi. 1（因惊讶、惊吓或痛苦而）倒抽气，喘气，喘息 2 急促地喘气；猛地吸气 12.catastrophe n. 1 [C] 麻烦；困境；不利的局面 The attempt to expand the business during this time of recession was a catastrophe for the firm. 在这种萧条时期尝试扩展业务使这家公司陷入了困境。 2 [C, U] 灾难；大祸；严重的不幸 Flooding is a major catastrophe, which tends to cause a heavy loss of life. 洪水是重大灾难，容易引发大量伤亡。 13.tide n. 潮；潮汐 14.bleak a. 1 没有希望的；令人沮丧的 2 阴冷的；阴郁的 15.tow n. （车辆的）拖，拉vt. 拖，拉，牵引（车辆或船只） 16.intervene vi. 干预；介入；插手v. 打岔；插话 17.appraise vt. 评定；鉴定；估价 18.symptom n. [C] 1 症状 2 （严重问题存在的）征兆，征候 You need to see a doctor at the first sign of symptoms of the flu. 一旦发现有流感症状，你就要去看医生。 19.underestimate v. （对?）估计不足；低估；看轻vt. 轻视，小看（某人） One should not underestimate the consequences of the world's population explosion. 我们不应低估世界人口爆炸的后果。 20.midst n. [U] 当某事发生的时候 21.paralyze vt. 1（尤指通过恐吓）使丧失思考能力，使丧失正常行为能力，使呆若木鸡 2 使瘫痪；使麻痹 22.impromptu a. 未计划的；即兴的；即席的；无准备的 23.ridge n. [C] 1 脊；垄；棱纹 2 山脊 24.whirl v. （使）急转；（使）迅速旋转 25.athletic a. 1 强壮的；擅长运动的 2 （only before noun）运动的 26.dismay n. [U] 忧虑；失望；沮丧 To his dismay, she left him. 令他失望的是，她离开了他。 vt. 使担心；使失望；使忧虑 He was dismayed at the change in his old friend. 他对于老朋友所发生的变化深感忧虑。 27.batter v. 殴打；连续猛击；撞击 During the war, the city was battered by bombs. 战争期间，这座城市遭受了轰炸。 28.vicious a. 1 凶险的；会造成伤害的 2 剧烈的；恶劣的

2020年高考：英语知识点高频必考归纳

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一下其他几个时态： a选项是were waving——过去进行时，它指的是：①过去某一时刻正在进行;②过去某一阶段正在进行;——过去时，过去某时间发生的且已完成的动作，所以我们知道a 和b这两个时态都是和过去有关，而和现在是没有一点关系的，所以a和b这两个答案错了。 c. had waved——过去完成时：过去某一时刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态，那么它所表达的时候是在过去的过去，例如： by theend of last year, we had built 5 newschools.到去年年底为止，我们已经建造了5所学校。首先，过去的时间是去年年底;而句子表达的意思是在去年年底之前，所以我们用过去完成时——hadbuil d.和现在是更加没有联系了，所以这个答案也是不正确的。 题干中的时间状语是“for the last halfhour”，注意这个last不是指“最后的”，而是指“刚才的——在刚才的半个小时里”，那么往往呢句中出现last,或者是last halfhour、recent这种词的话，我们一般都会选择现在完成进行时，因为它指的是“刚才”，那么肯定指“从刚才到现在”。所以本题答案是d. 2. 名词性从句 the information could be helpful to ____will take over the job.

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