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英语自考样卷

全国2011年1月高等教育自学考试

高级英语试题

课程代码：00600

请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上，全部题目用英文作答（英译汉题目除外）I. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to Y. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (25 points, 1 point for each)

West Germany, by contrast, will not be able to 1 any form of euthanasia for a long time to come. Opposition is 2 fierce, because of the shadow of the past. Countries 3 an uninterrupted recent libertarian tradition have less to fear from setting some 4 rules for voluntary euthanasia. By 5 to discuss it, they usher in something worse.

We watched while pride allowed unimportant battles to be 6 into the most important stands of the war－because we couldn’t 7 and we couldn’t retreat and because it didn’t matter how many American 8 were provided to prove that point. Now we are told that we have to 9 quietly while the American lives are lost so that we can exercise the 10 arrogance of Vietnamizing the V ietnamese.

Newspapers have two great advantages 11 television. They can be used by men as barriers

12 their wives. It is still the only effective screen against the morning features of the loved one, and, as such, performs a unique human 13 . The second advantage is that you can’t line a 14 pail with a television set—it’s usually the other way 15 .

It is only lately that I have found how much science of genetics is 16 . Agronomists and the like have taken to 17 all sorts of vegetables and fruits－changing their 18 nature. This sounds wonderful and often is 19 . For the scientists have not as a rule taken any 20 whatsoever in the taste of the things they’ve tampered with!

My own lack of shame in the rioting then taking place in America 21 me. In one sense, I was the 22 of the ghetto child who through hard work and initiative was 23 himself toward a better life. I was the 24 , the exception. It was my life that was held up to Watts youth to 25 .

II. Each of the following sentences is given four choices of words or expressions. Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points, 1 point for each)

26. These arguments have never been _________ accepted.

A. amply

B. drastically

C. perpetually

D. universally

27. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to _________ behavior.

A. unfamiliar

B. uncivilized

C. unsatisfied

D. uncommon

28. The emergency services said it was _________ that no one was seriously injured in the air crash.

A. miraculous

B. mysterious

C. ridiculous

D. relentless

29. Banks _________ receive money from their customers in two distinct forms: on current account, and on deposit account.

A. formally

B. narrowly

C. normally

D. particularly

30. The recession has _________ so many firms that many can no longer survive.

A. lessened

B. weakened

C. decreased

D. reduced

31. In science, a theory is a reasonable __________ of observed events.

A. explanation

B. excavation

C. expression

D. evaluation

32. Children do not learn what it is to lose and will __________ violence to release their disappointment.

A. refer to

B. attribute to

C. point to

D. resort to

33.A sincere __________ is like the sunshine which can boost our morale.

A. compliment

B. supplement

C. accomplishment

D. complement

34. He was arrested when his __________ scheme to evade taxes came to light.

A. fake

B. fraudulent

C. false

D. foreign

35. This old room has not been much in use of late. No wonder it has such a_______ appearance.

A. vulgar .

B. fancy

C. shabby

D. cheap

36. That little boy was so naughty that he tried to _________ feathers from a chicken.

A. flick

B. twist

C. pluck

D. toss

37. The task of a teacher _________ patience and conscientiousness.

A. commands

B. demands

C. amends

D. mends

38. She gave us unfailing _________ and became an essential part of our family.

A. devotion

B. inspection

C. exploration

D. indication

39. As we were saying goodbye, the train started with a_________.

A. shake

B. shiver

C. tremble

D. jerk

40. Parents should attach importance to their children’s _________ from adolescence to adulthood.

A. permission

B. position

C. transmission

D. transition

Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding three items III, IV, V.

Why I Came to College

(1) Why have I chosen to attend college? I have put this question to myself at many times and in various forms during the past three and a half months which have constituted the first semester of my freshman year. Have I come because of parental influence, or because I have some goal of my own that I wish to pursue? After pondering these questions on many occasions, I have finally reached the conclusion that I have come to college not for one single reason, but for many, and that it is something that I truly want to do.

(2) Originally, my parents did influence my opinions about education in general. My mother, an

elementary school teacher, was always proud of my academic successes, but she never really pushed me or demanded that I achieve excellent grades. However, from the beginning of my schooling, my parents seemed to assume that I would attend college, and by the time I reached high school, I had become accustomed to that idea as well.

(3) When I entered high school, I enrolled in the college preparatory program offered there, looking ahead four years to college attendance. However, as I proceeded further through high school into my junior and senior years, I became genuinely interested in many of the subjects which I was studying. Chemistry, physics, and calculus were the courses which held my interest most strongly and I felt that I wanted to continue to study those areas beyond the high school level. Up to that point in my life, I had always claimed that I wanted to attend college. but didn’t realize why until my high school career drew to a close.

(4) Finally, I began to recognize in myself a strong drive to obtain knowledge. I knew that I would not be content to simply end my educational career with high school and enter the working world. I truly felt a need to continue learning in order to gain a better understanding of the world around me. My final decision to attend college seemed a natural one, and my choice of engineering as a field of study came easily as well, since the profession fit well with my academic preferences.

(5) The fact that I enjoy learning and gaining knowledge was my main reason for choosing to enter college, but I must admit that it was not the sole reason. In today’s world, a college education has become almost essential if one wishes to compete in the job market. In the next several years, this trend will surely continue, with a Bachelor’s degree becoming almost indispensable if one wishes to find a worthwhile position, and a Master’s degree becoming highly desirable for advanced positions. Although it may sound materialistic, I felt that attending college was a practical and necessary step which I took to ensure a secure future for myself and my family. I made my choice to study engineering primarily on the basis of my love of mathematics and the physical sciences; however, the fact that it is a well-paid and respected profession did have some influence on my final decision to study engineering, rather than a pure science curriculum. Either field would have allowed me to study those subjects which hold my interest, but the decision to pursue the one which would ultimately be more profitable was not a difficult choice to make.

(6) A third reason that I am attending college is that I have always hoped that I could make a contribution to the world. I knew that a career involving science and technology would give me the best opportunity to do this. I also knew that in order to pursue such a career, I would be required to go through college. Hopefully, this will enable me to someday make a contribution

to the expansion of the frontiers of society’s knowledge, and to in some way benefit mankind.

(7) Finally, I chose to attend a diversified college, as opposed to a purely technical institute, because I feel that college should allow a person to grow in areas other than pure academics. It should also expose that student to a variety of social and political ideas, helping to expand his mental horizons. Attending Rutgers University has definitely allowed me to come into contact with a wide variety of lifestyles which could only be found together on a collegiate campus. Additionally, while I am able to major in a scientific field at Rutgers, I am able to simultaneously take courses which explore other fields of study and allow me to become a more diversified and well-rounded person. This overall gain of general knowledge which is available only to the college student is another reason that I was lured toward the pursuit of a higher education.

(8) Thus, I came to college not for one reason, but for several different ones. It was something that

I had planned, even without fully knowing why, for several years. It was certainly the next logical step in my educational career after the completion of high school. However, only in my final two years of high school did I actually begin to recognize in myself the inherent desire to obtain information and learning which pursue the other goals which I had set for myself. I also knew that I wanted to become a more diversified person, and that a college education was the best means to attain that end.

(9) Why have I chosen to attend college? Sometimes I am unsure of the exact reason myself. I am sure, however, that it is what I should do and what I want to do with the next four years of my life.

III. In this section, there are ten incomplete statements or questions, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (20 points, 2 points for each)

41. According to the passage, the author came to college mainly __________.

A. out of his own will

B. because of social pressure

C. out of respect for his parents

D. because of financial attraction

42. The word “pondering”in Paragraph l can be best replaced by __________ .

A. answering appropriately

B. exploring thoroughly

C. dealing with efficiently

D. thinking carefully about

43. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true about the author’s parents?

A. They were demanding.

B. They were open-minded.

C. They were indifferent to his future.

D. They were anxious about his future.

44. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “genuinely”in Paragraph 3 ?

A. really

B. completely

C. immediately

D. finally

45. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that _________ .

A. few people study for Bachelor’s degrees

B. a college degree means more than ever before

C. college education is required for a good future

D. a Master’s degree can guarantee advanced positions

46. Which of the following can best explain the word “indispensable”in Paragraph 5?

A. ingenuous

B. essential

C. advantageous

D. helpful

47. The author chose engineering mainly because _________ .

A. it was more popular

B. he could make more money

C. he was more interested in it

D. he could be more successful

48. College education was expected to make the author _________ .

A. realistic

B. technically sophisticated

C. intelligent

D. comprehensively developed

49. The author states in Paragraph 7 that _________ .

A. a diversified college can provide knowledge in various fields

B. a diversified college is the only place where a person can learn

C. higher education in a diversified college can ensure success in the future

D. a student can learn as many subjects as he likes in a diversified college

50. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to _________ .

A. advertise educational institutions

B. persuade people to obtain college degrees

C. emphasize the importance of higher education

D. express his understanding of today’s education systems

IV. T ranslate the following sentences into Chinese and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (10 points,2 points for each)

51. Have I come because of parental influence, or because I have some goal of my own that I wish to pursue?

52. When I entered high school, I enrolled in the college preparatory program offered there,

looking ahead four years to college attendance.

53.Up to that point in my life, I had always claimed that I wanted to attend college, but didn’t realize why until my high school career drew to a close.

54.I knew that I would not be content to simply end my educational career with high school and enter the working world.

55.I also knew that I wanted to become a more diversified person, and that a college education was the best means to attain that end.

V. Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (10 points)

56. Why did you decide to have higher education?

VI. T ranslate the following sentences into English and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (20 points,2 points each for 57-60,4 points for 61,8 points for 62)

57.这一解决方式的弊端在于它已不再广泛适用。

58.当这个富足的国家没有孩子饿着肚子上床时，我可能会乐于回去教书。

59.美国人做的比看电视更多的事情只有工作和睡觉。

60.那种认为艺术应该与政治脱钩的观点本身就是一种政治态度。

61.鱼露出水面，闪动着身子在线的另一端挣扎。他紧紧地将鱼攥在手里，把鱼钩从嘴里取出来。

62.瓦茨那里有抱负又有远见的年轻人谈论的是走出去创业。他们正是那样做的。有才能的年轻人成群结队地离开瓦茨。他们共同拥有的一个本领就是逃离这个贫民窟。

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2012新版自考英语二教材翻译00015

第1课Text A 批判性地阅读批判性阅读适合于那种作者提出一个观点或试图陈述一个说法的纪实类写作。批判性阅读是积极阅读。它不仅仅包括理解作者说了些什么，还包括质疑和评价作者的话，并对此形成自己的观点。成为一名批判性阅读者需要做到以下几点。考虑写作背景。你所读的可能是与你有不同文化背景的人所写的，或者是与你有不同时代背景的人多年以前所写的。无论哪种情况，你都必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所代表的价值观和态度有何不同。质疑作者的论点。不要轻信作品的表面意思。在接受作者观点前，首先要确定作者作出的每一个论点都有足够的论据支持。找出能支持该论点的事实、实例、和数据。另外，注意作者是否参考了权威著作。与同主题文章进行比较。查看该作者的文章与其他作者关于同一主题的文章是否有一致性。如果存在不一致性，对不一致的地方背后的论据支持要进行仔细甄别。分析作者提出的假设。假设是作者认为具有正确性的前提，基于这些前提作者才能提出论点。很多时候作者的假设并没有直接说明，这就意味着你必须通过仔细阅读来发现这些假设。一旦发现某一假设，你必须判断这一假设是否合理。鉴别文章出处。鉴别时要确保文章出处真实可信。例如，如果文章是关于物理学里程碑式的成就，那么爱因斯坦的论述就是可靠的出处。此外还要确保出处具有相关性。如果文章主题是诗歌，那么爱因斯坦的论述就不是相关出处。最后，如果作者写的是某个主题当前的情形，那就要确保出处来源也是当前最新的。例如，如果作者讨论的是物理学知识的现状，那么爱因斯坦在二十世纪早期进行的研究可能就不适合作出处了。甄别作者可能带有的偏见。有关美国政治的书面论述可能因作者是共和党人或民主党人迥然而异。作者所写的内容很可能反映其带有偏见的立场。阅读时要考虑到这种偏见存在的可能性。也就是说，要对文章内容“半信半疑”。成为一名批判性阅读者，你的思路会不断拓宽，观点会更加合理。第1课Text B 自信的语言语言能影响我们的大脑。掌握语言就能在很大程度上掌握我们的生活和命运。将语言发挥到极致可以极大地改善我们的生活质量，这一点至关重要。再短的单词也能对我们的潜意识产生深远的影响。我们的潜意识就像一个孩子，分不清真实发生的事和自己想象的事。它渴望取悦，乐意听从你给它的任何命令，而你是有意还是无意地做这些完全取决于你。’ “尽力” 这是一个简单的词，却能对我们产生不简单的影响。如果有人说“我会尽力做这件事的”，你