译林牛津版高一下学期英语期末复习资料

模块三

unit1

第一部分重点词汇讲解

Welcome to the unit

the world of our senses

sense:

n.（1）感官，感觉

She has a good sense of smell. 她有良好的嗅觉。

（2）（对某物的）感觉

I had the sense that he was lying. 我有种感觉，他在说谎。

【拓展】

common sense 常识

a sense of achievement 成就感 a sense of humor 幽默感

make sense 有意义，讲的通His argument doesn?t make sense. 他的论点没有意义。

make sense of 理解，了解Can you make sense of the difficult article? 你能理解这篇较难的文章吗？

v. 感觉到

sense sth. / that

sense danger感觉到危险

I sensed that he was lying. 我感觉到他在说谎。

Reading

The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.

truth: n. 真实，事实to tell you the truth 说实话

true: adj. 正确的，真正的Finally my dream has come true. 最终我的梦想实现了

truly: adv. 真实地，真正地

As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she sensed that she was being watched by a tall

man in a dark coat.

observe: vt.

(1) 观察observe sth./sb.; observe that

The teacher observed that some students were asleep. 老师发现一些学生睡着了。

observe (see, watch, notice) sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事（强调过程，动作的结果）

sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事（强调动作正在进行）

(2) 遵守（规则、法令等）

Everyone should observe the traffic rules. 每个人都应遵守交通规则。

(3) 庆祝

How will you observe your birthday? 你将如何庆祝你的生日？observer: n. 观察者

observation: n. 观察，观察力

While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. rest: n.

the rest剩余的人，物

Take what you want and throw the rest away. 拿走你需要的，然后把剩余的扔掉。the rest 作主语时，谓语动词由of 后的名词单、复数决定

The rest of his life was spent in prison. 他的余生在狱中度过。

The rest of the books are on the shelf. 剩余的那些书在架子上。

休息have a rest 休息一下

adj. 剩余的

glance: vi.

glance at 看一眼，瞥一眼

The man glanced nervously at his watch. 男子紧张地瞥了一眼他的手表。

【辨析】

glance at 很快地看一眼，瞥一眼

glare at 怒视

stare at 凝视，盯着看

n. give/take/have a glance at (朝……)一瞥

When Polly got to the station entrance, it was deserted.

deserted: adj. 被离弃的，废弃的，荒芜的 a deserted island 一个荒芜的岛desert: vt. 抛弃，遗弃All his friends have deserted him. 所有的朋友都遗弃了他。

desert: n. 沙漠

There was no one in sight.

sight: n. 视力，视觉

in sight 看得见The train is still in sight. 火车还在视线范围内。

out of sight 看不见

catch / get / have sight of 看到，发现

at the sight of sth. 一看见

They ran away at the sight of the police. 他们一看见警察就跑了。

near-sighted, short-sighted 近视眼的

Suddenly Polly f elt a rough hand brush her face and she heard a man?s voice in her ear saying …Sorry.?

rough: adj.

粗糙的：a rough hand 一双粗糙的手

大致的：a rough idea 大致的想法

艰难的：a rough life 艰难的生活

Now she wanted to run, but fear held her still.

fear: n. 害怕，担心

for fear of …因为怕，以免

She asked us not to be noisy for fear of waking the baby. 她让我们不要吵，以免吵醒婴儿。

v. 害怕，担心

I fear that he will get ill. 我担心他会生病。

fearful: adj. 可怕的，害怕的

A few seconds later, a hand reached out and touched her arm.

reach out: 伸出

reach out (one?s hand) for sth.: 伸出手拿某物

The beggar reached out for money. 乞丐伸手要钱。

【拓展】

out of (one?s) reach 够不着，触不到

The banana was out of the monkey?s reach. 猴子够不着香蕉

He held her hand more firmly.

firmly: adv. 牢牢地，坚定地

The director politely but firmly refused the invitation. 主管礼貌但坚定地拒绝了邀请。

firm: adj. 坚定的，牢牢的 a firm believer 坚定的相信者

firm: n. 公司the advertising firm 广告公司the law firm律师事务所

10. You see, a fog this bad is rare.

rare: adj. 稀有的

This species of plant is becoming increasingly rare. 这个植物种类正在变得日渐稀有。

rarely: adv. 很少地，罕有地

Rarely have I seen her get so angry. 我很少见她变得这么生气。

I was frozen with fear for a moment.

freeze: vi. (~, froze, frozen) 冻结，冻僵，呆住

The lake has frozen overnight. 湖一夜之间就冻住了。

on a freezing cold day 在刺骨寒冷的一天

She froze at the sight of the snake. 她看到蛇呆住了。

You took my hand and led me confidently through the foggy streets to my house. confident: adj. 自信的

be confident about / of sth. 对……有自信

confidently: adv. 自信地

confidence: n. 自信心

Grammar and usage

reduce: v. 减少，降低，减缓

reduce pain/ costs/ speed: 减轻痛苦、降低价格、减慢速度

The price has been reduced to 50 yuan. 价格被降到50元。

by 50 yuan. 价格被降了50元。

【反义词】increase v. 增加

volunteer: n. 志愿者

v. 志愿做，自愿做

volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事

Many volunteers volunteered to help the old in their town. 许多志愿者自愿帮助镇上的老人。

volunteer for sth. 志愿为某事（出力）

voluntary: adj. 志愿的

voluntarily: adv. 志愿地

be related to: 与……有关

= be linked to/with

Wealth is seldom related to happiness. 财富很少和快乐联系起来。

relative: adj. 相对的n. 亲戚

relation: n . 关系，联系

add: v. 增加

add sth. to sth. 把……加到……上

Would you like to add more sugar to your coffee? 你想要给你的咖啡再加点糖吗？add to 增添

The news added to our worries. 这个消息增加了我们的担忧。

add up 加起来

add up to 总计

The cost of the trip added up to 2000 yuan. 旅行的费用总计2000元。

ache: n. 疼痛 a stomach ache 胃痛

vi. ache for sth. 渴望某物ache to do sth. 渴望做某事

can?t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事

On seeing such a funny thing, I can?t help laughing.一看到如此有趣的东西，我就忍不住笑了起来。

can?t help do sth. 不能帮助做某事

I can?t help do the work because I have no time. 我不能帮忙做这个工作，因为我没时间。

Project

chance n. 机会，可能性，机率

He valued the chance to go abroad. 他很珍惜出国的机会。

have a fair chance of (doing) sth. 有很大的可能性做某事

small / slim 有很小的可能性做某事

There is a chance that it will rain today. 有可能今天要下雨。

latter: adj. 后来的

He was happy in the latter years of his life. 晚年他很开心。

the latter 后者the former 前者

likely: adj. 可能的

He is likely to come.

= It is likely that he will come.

可以说It is likely/probable/ possible to do sth/that…

但只能说sb. is likely to do sth.

4. distance: n. 距离

in the distance 在远处

at a distance 隔一段距离

within walking distance 很近

distant: adj. 遥远的

5. avoid: vt. 逃避，避免

avoid accidents 避免事故

avoid doing sth. 避免做某事

I can?t avoid making mistakes. 我不能避免犯错。

第二部分语法

名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

名词性that-从句

1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语。

主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着全靠运气。

宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。

表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.

近来谁也没有见过他，这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。

形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。

2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末。

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。

It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。

if, whether引导的名词从句

1）yes-no型疑问从句

从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句，其功能和wh-从句的功能相同。例如：

主语：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有等证实。

宾语：Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。

表语：The point is whether we should lend him the money. 问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。

同位语：They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他们调查他是否值得信赖。

形容词宾语：She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come. 她怀疑我们是否能够前来。

介词宾语：I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness. 我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。

2）选择性疑问从句

选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…or not构成。例如：

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人

还是丹麦人。

I don't care whether you like the plan or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。

Unit2

第一部分重点词汇讲解

Reading

1. throughout

prep.遍及；贯穿；在……的各个部分

The disease spread throughout the country. 这种疾病蔓延全国。

It rained throughout the night. 雨下了一整夜。

adv.到处；自始至终

The building is painted green throughout. 这栋建筑物彻底漆成绿色。

2. confusing adj. 令人迷惑的，令人不解的

Your explanation is confusing。你的解释令人迷惑。

【拓展】

confuse v. 使迷惑，使困惑

The heavy traffic confused the new driver. 繁忙的交通使司机不知所措。

We tried to confuse the enemy. 我们试图迷惑敌人。

confused adj. 感到迷惑的，感到不解的

I am confused about the problem. 对这个问题，我很困惑。

If the situation is confusing, you will get confused. 如果形势令人困惑，你会被弄糊涂的。

There is a confused look/expression on his face. 他脸上露出迷惑的表情。

3. be made up of 由……组成，可与consist of 互换

The class is made up of 15 girl students and 20 boy students.

= The class consists of 15 girl students and 20 boy students.

注意两者作定语时的区别

a group made up of five doctors and 10 nurses

= a group consisting of five doctors and 10 nurses

【拓展】:

be made of/be made from/be made out of 由……制成

be made into 被制成

make up 组成，编制，弥补，化妆，和解

make for 走向……；有助于……

make out 理解，辨认出

The old building is made of stone. 这幢老房子是由石头建成的。

The wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是由葡萄酿制而成的。

Her dress is made out of her sister’s old dress. 她的衣服是用她姐姐的旧衣服改做的。

She made the material into a dress. 她用这种布料做了一条裙子。

Eleven players make up a football team. 11个队员组成了一个足球队。

Uncle Dick made up an interesting story for the children. 迪克叔叔给孩子们编了一个有趣的故事。

We have to drive fast to make up the time we lost in New York. 我们得开快点以弥

补在纽约失去的时间。

The actors were making up when we arrived. 我们到的时候，演员们正在化妆。He and his wife usually make up their quarrel the same day. 他和妻子吵架通常当天就言归于好。

As soon as it started to rain, we made for home. 天一开始下雨，我们就朝家里走去。Does early rising make for good health? 早起有助于健康吗？

It was difficult to make out his handwriting. 他的书写很难辨认。

I couldn’t make out what he wanted on earth. 我不明白他到底要什么。

4. create vt. 创造,造成常指利用已有的条件或材料创造出新的事物。

Some people believe that God created the world. 有些人相信上帝创造了世界。Blue can create a calm feeling. 蓝色能够造成一种冷静的感觉。

【辨析】

invent vt. 发明指通过想象、研究或劳动创造出前所未有的东西，尤指科技上的发明创造。

The Chinese invented the compass. 中国人发明了指南针。

discover vt. 意为（先于他人首次)发现（已经存在的事物）

Recently they have discovered a comet. 最近他们发现了一颗彗星。

【拓展】：

creation n. 创造（不可数），创作的东西（可数）

creative adj. 创作的，创造性的

creative thinking 创造性思维

creativity n. 创造力

creature n. 人，动物

5. pick up 拾起；用车接载（人）；无意地学会(技术、语言、游戏等)；（病后)恢复健康、体力等；(在广播、电视里)收听、收看到；加快速度）

She picked up the book and gave it to him. 她捡起了书给他。

Pick me up at the hotel. 在宾馆接我。

He picked up French while he was staying in Paris. 他在巴黎时学会了法语。

He picked up gradually after a long illness. 他久病后逐渐康复了。

I was able to pick you up on the short wave radio. 我能用短波收音机收听到你的信号。

The car picked up speed quickly. 小车很快加速了。

6. contribute to 致使；有助于

The driver’s carelessness contributed to the accident. 司机的疏忽导致了事故的发生。

Exercise contributes to better health. 锻炼能促成更强健的体魄。

【拓展】

contribute捐助；贡献；投稿等，常和to连用

We contributed food and clothing to the poor. 我们捐助了食物和衣物救济贫民。He has contributed (articles) to the magazine for several years. 他为这家杂志撰稿好几年了。contribution n. 可构成词组make a contribution

They made a great contribution to the development of our society.

他们为我们社会的发展做出了巨大的贡献。

7. take control of 控制，取得对……的控制

It's no easy task to take control of a class of young children.

管住一个班的小孩子可不是件容易的事。

【拓展】

have/hold control of/over 控制着

in control (of) 控制着，出于统治地位

lose control of 失去对……的控制

out of control 失去控制，无法控制

under control （被）控制住

8. rule v. 统治

Today, most kings and queens rule (their countries) only in a formal way, without real power.

当今大部分的国王和王后只是象征性地统治（他们的国家），没有实权。

rule也可做名词，意为“统治”，常构成词组under one’s rule 或under the rule of sb.意为“在某人的统治之下”

Under the queen’s rule/the rule of Elizabeth I, Britain became the number one power of the world. 在那位女王/伊丽莎白一世的统治下，英国成为世界第一大国。

9. replace vt. 替换，代替，取代相当于词组take the place of。常构成词组replace

A with B, 意为用B代替A。

Tourism has replaced heavy industry as the city’s main source of income.

= Tourism has taken the place of heavy industry as the city’s main source of income.

旅游业已经取代重工业成为这座城市的主要收入来源。

Today many high schools have replaced blackboards with whiteboards.

今天许多中学用白色书写板取代了黑板。

10. adopt vt. 采用，收养

Different ways of English teaching should be adopted. 应该采用不同的英语教学方式。

Mr and Mrs Smith adopted an orphan. 史密斯夫妇收养了一个孤儿。

adopt的常用名词形式为adoption, 意为“应用；收养”

11. include vt. 包括，强调包罗并使之成为一部分

The price includes both house and furniture. 这个价格包括房子及家具的价格。

常用including和included引出一解释性短语，including位于该短语前，included 位于该短语后。

They will send you the book for $3, postage included.

他们将把这本书寄给你，包括邮资共三美元。

At least 80 people were injured, including five policemen.

至少有80人受伤，包括5个警察。

【辨析】

contain意思是“包含，容纳”，侧重于容器中“装有，含有”

How much oil can the bottle contain? 这只瓶子能装多少油?

Apples contain water and sugar. 苹果含有水和糖分。

12. pronunciation n.发音（法），语音

a word with two pronunciations 有两种发音的单词

You pronunciation is very good. 你的发音很好。

pronounce vt. 发音，读音；正式宣布（或公布）

How do you pronounce your surname? 你的姓怎么读?

She examined the product and pronounced herself pleased with their work.

她检查了产品，宣布对他们的工作很满意。

13. depend on 取决于；依靠，信赖。其中on可用upon替换。

We might need more cars, depending on/upon the number of people gathering here.

我们也许需要更多的车辆，这要看有多少人聚集到这里。

You can depend on him, for he is a man of his word.

你可以信赖他，因为他是个守信用的人。

【拓展】

dependent adj. 依赖的；受……影响的

independent adj. 独立的

dependence n. 依靠

independence n. 独立

He gradually becomes dependent on alcohol. 他渐渐对酒精产生了依赖。

You should learn to be independent of your parents. 你应该学着不要依赖父母。Our relationship is based on mutual dependence. 我们的关系建立在相互依存的基础上。

India gained independence for Britain in 1947. 印度于1947年脱离英国获得独立。Grammar and usage

1. promise v. 许诺，答应。后面接直接宾语再接不定式，从句，名词代词或不接直接宾语。

Dad promised (me) to buy me a laptop, but he broke his own word.

爸爸答应过（我）要给我买个笔记本电脑，但是他失信了。

The student promised (the librarian) that all books would be returned by Friday.

那个学生答应（图书管理员）在周五之前归还所有的书。

He promised his wife a coat for her birthday. 他答应他的妻子买件外套作为生日礼物。

“She’s not coming tonight.”“But she promised!”“她今晚不会来了。”“但是她答应过的！”

promise作动词还表示“有希望……，可能会（有）”

These discussions promise future storm. 这些争论有可能引起今后的风波。promise 还可以作名词，意为“诺言,许诺”

If you make a promise, you must keep it. 假如你做出了许诺，就必须做到。

2. disagree vi. 意见不一，分歧。反义词：agree 名词：disagreement

常构成的词组有：

disagree with sb. 与某人意见不一

disagree about/over/on sth. 在某事上意见不一

I disagree with you on this point. 我不同意你的意见。

disagree 还可以表示“不一致，不符”

The two reports disagree (with each other). 这两份报告（相互）不一致。disagree 还可表示“不适宜”，常构成词组disagree with sb. 意为“（食物等）对

某人不适宜，使某人不舒服”

Fried foods disagree with me. 油炸食物对我不适合。

3. care about 关注，关心；在意，担心

He cares a lot about his younger brother. 他非常关心自己的弟弟。

I don’t care about what you think about me; I haven’t done anything wrong.

我并不在意你怎样看我；我没有做任何错事。

【辨析】care about & care for

care for 表示“非常喜欢；照顾，照料”

He cares for her, no matter what she does. 不管她做什么，他都深爱着她。Nurses care for the patients in the hospital. 在医院里护士照顾病人。

4. ban vt. 禁止，取缔。过去式和过去分词都为banned.

Swimming in this river is banned. 禁止在此河中游泳。

ban sb. from doing sth. 意为“禁止某人做某事”

The government needs to do something to ban people from advertising illegal things on the Internet. 政府应该采取措施禁止人们在网上做广告宣传违法物品。

ban也可做可数名词，意为“禁令，禁止”，表示“对……的禁令”时常用a ban on …的结构。

There is a ban on smoking in this school. 这所学校禁止抽烟。

5. spread n.vt&vi 传播

The spread of AIDS in the last few years has been alarming.

过去几年里艾滋病的传播令人惊慌。

I will tell you a secret, but you must promise not to spread it around.

我要告诉你一个秘密，但是你必须保证不会将它四处传播。

The disease spread quickly. 这种疾病很快地传播开来。

6. access vt. 接近，使用

You can access the loft by a ladder. 你可以爬梯子上阁楼。

access 也可做名词，意为“接近的机会，享用权；通道，通路”

Citizens may have free access to the library. 市民可以免费使用这个图书馆。

The only access to the town is across the bridge. 到镇上唯一的通路是经过一座桥。Project

1. differ vi. 相异，有区别

differ from…= be different from…与……不同

His views differ from those of his parents.

= His views are different from those of his parents.

他的观点和他父母的观点不同。

A and

B differ (from each other) A和B彼此有差异

French and English differ greatly (from each other). 法语和英语（彼此）差异很大。

differ with sb. about/on/over sth. 与某人在某事上意见不一致

He differs with me about/on/over when to go for a picnic.

在何时去野餐这件事情上，他与我的意见向左。

2. represent vt. 代表，象征

The headmaster could not go to the meeting, so Mr Smith represented him.

校长不能去开会，因此史密斯代表他去参加了。

The rose represents England. 玫瑰花是英格兰的象徵。

represent sb./sth. as…意为“把某人/某物描述成……”

The king is represented as a villain in the play. 在这出剧中把国王刻画成一个反面人物。

3. combine v. 组合，（使）联合，（使）结合

combine …together 把……结合起来

None of us has much money, so let’s combine what we’ve got together.

我们任何人的钱都不多，所以我们把钱凑一起吧。

combine A with B 把A与B结合起来

If we can combine theory with practice, it will be better.

要是我们能把理论与实践相结合，那就更好了。

combination n. 结合,联合

4. as a whole 作为整体，总体上

The project will be beneficial to our city and to our country as a whole.

这项工程对我们的城市和整个国家都有益。

【辨析】

on the whole 大体上，总的看来，相当于in general

On the whole/In general, I think your questionnaire is well designed.

总的说来，我觉得你的问卷设计得不错。

5. turn into (使) 变成，也可用turn to

Water turns into/to ice when the temperature is below freezing.

当气温低于零度，水就变成冰。

Heat turns ice into/to steam. 高温把冰变成蒸汽。

【拓展】

turn away 转身不看，不理睬；撵走，把……拒之门外

turn out 关掉；结果是(to be/that)

turn up 开大；出现，露面

turn down 调小，放低；拒不接受

turn over 移交，交给；翻(页)；翻身；翻到

turn in 交（上去）

turn to 找（某人寻求帮助等）turn off 关掉（灯等）

turn on 开（灯等）

6. reflect vt. 反映；反射；表明

The sunlight was reflected in the water. 日光由水面反射出来。

His actions reflect his thoughts. 他的行动反映出他的思想。

The statistics reflect a change in people’s travelling habits.

这些数据显示了人们出行习惯的改变。

7. symbol n. 符号；象征

"H2O" is the symbol for water. 是水的化学符号。

The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。

8. indicate vt. 显示，表示；象征，暗示

Research indicates that men find it easier to give up smoking than women. 研究表明，男人比女人更容易戒烟。

Cattle lying down indicate rain. 牛躺下预示有雨。

第二部分语法

1. 疑问词引导的名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中能担任主语，表语，宾语，同位语，介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中的句法功能，名词性从句又可以分为主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。本单元主要介绍由疑问词引导的名词性从句。疑问词有两类，即疑问代词(what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose) 和疑问副词(when, where, how, why)。疑问代词通常在从句中作主语，表语和宾语。疑问副词则通常在从句中作状语（时间状语，地点状语，方式状语或原因状语）。请看如下例句，并试着分析作引导词的疑问词在从句中所担任的成分。

What he said at the meeting confused everyone present.

(作引导词的疑问代词在主语从句中作宾语)

The little boy ate whatever his mother gave him. (作引导词的疑问代词在宾语从句中作宾语)

Please give some suggestion which book I should choose among these.

(作引导词的疑问代词在同位语从句中作定语)

The problem is who/whom I should turn to for help.

(作引导词的疑问代词在表语从句中作宾语)

Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

(作引导词的疑问代词在主语从句中作主语)

When we will go skating is up to you to make a decision.

(作引导词的疑问副词在主语从句中作时间状语)

I insisted upon an answer to my question why he had done it.

(作引导词的疑问副词在同位语从句中作原因状语)

There is a doubt how they managed to travel to the moon.

(作引导词的疑问副词在同位语从句中作方式状语)

运用名词性从句时的注意点：

1) 关于that的省略

一般情况下，宾语从句中的that是可以省略的。但在下列几种情况下，that一般不可省略。

①介词后面的that不能省。

Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.彼得是好学生，只是有时粗心。

②并列连词and连接两个或两个以上宾语从句，第二个及以后的宾语从句中的that不省略。

My uncle says (that) he has served here for twenty years and that he is going to retire next month. 我叔叔说他在这儿工作已二十年了，下个月即将退休。

③主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。

He said that, if he could manage it, he would come for dinner.

他说，如果他安排得好的话，他会来吃晚饭的。

④宾语从句中有其他从属连词时，that不能省略。

He told me that if it was necessary they would work all night.

他告诉我，如果需要的话，他们就干个通宵。

2) 名词性从句的词序

名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：

He asked me what was the matter with me.

We?ve heard the news that we?ll move into the new house.

Whatever you say will interest us all.

3) whether和if的用法

①whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：

It all depends on whether they will come back. 一切都取决于他们是否会来。

②后面直接跟or not 时用whether。如：

I didn?t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.我不知道他是否已经到达武汉了。

③主语从句，表语从句中只能用whether。如：

Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.

会议是否会被推迟还没有被决定。

The question is whether they have so much money.

问题在于他们是否有很多钱。

④whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if不能。如：We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.

我们应当认真讨论是否能做此事这个问题。

⑤whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。如：

The question of whether they are male or female is not important.

他们是男性还是女性不重要。

I have not decided whether to go or not. 我还没有决定是否要去。

4) 疑问代词+ ever和no matter + 疑问代词的区别。

①疑问代词+ ever可引导名词性从句，在从句中要充当一定的部分。如：Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. (在主语从句中作主语)

任何违反规定的人必须受罚。

You can choose whatever you like in the shop. (在宾语从句中作宾语)

你可以在商店中选择你喜欢的任何东西。

②疑问词+ ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：

Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished. 无论谁违反规定，都必须受罚。Whatever you do, you must do it well. 不管你做什么，你必须把它做好。

③no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。如：

No matter what you do, you must do it well. 不管你做什么，你必须把它做好。

No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. 无论谁违反规定，都必须受罚。

5) 名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致

①宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：

Hello, I didn?t know you were in London. How long have you been here?

喂，我不知道你在伦敦。你在这里多久了？

The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.

老师告诉我们光以非常快的速度传播。

②主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词

引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：

When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.

会议何时开始还没有决定。

When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.

他们何时出发以及去何处还没有决定。

When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.

会议何时何地开始还没有决定。

6)含有宾语从句复合句的反意疑问句

①反意疑问句一般与主句一致。

He said they were going to help me, didn't he？他说过他们要帮我，不是吗？

She told you that the mat was her own work, didn't she?

她告诉过你这个垫子是她亲自做的，是吗？

②当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, consider, imagine, suppose, hope 等词时，反意疑问句应与宾语从句保持一致。这时特别要注意否定转移的问题。

I suppose you're serious, aren't you? 我想你是当真的，不是吗？(不可用don't I)

I don't suppose he's serious, is he? 我想他不是当真的，是吗？(不可用do I)

提示：

如果主语是第二、第三人称，则疑问句部分与主句一致，且不存在否定转移的问题。

You don't think we can speak English, do you? 你认为我们不会说英语，对吗？

He thinks he's got the right answer, doesn't he? 他认为自己找到了正确的答案，是吗？

7) because, why引导的表语从句

That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。（That's because … 强调原因）

That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's why… 强调结果）

注意: what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，一般不宜用because。

The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me. 我难过的原因是他没有理解我。

What cost him his life was that he was too careless. 使他丧命的原因是他太粗心了。

2. 形式主语it

1) 代主语从句。如：

It is possible that he has stolen the car. 很可能他偷了小车。

Isn?t it strange that he should not have passed the test? 他测试没有通过，难道不奇怪吗？

注意：if引导主语从句时，只能用it作形式主语，放在句首，而将if引导的主语从句放到句末。如：

It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他是否去北京还不敢肯定。

2) 代不定式短语作主语。如：

It was his duty to attend to the matter. 处理这件事是他的责任。

It is impossible to finish the work on time. 准时完成工作是不可能的。

3) 代动名词。如：

It?s no good sitting up too late. 熬夜没有好处。

It?s no use saying anything more about it. 再说这件事没用。

It is useless crying over the spilt milk. 覆水难收。

4) 用作形式主语的的重要句型

①It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……

It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。

It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。

【说明】介词of 与for 的区别是：of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对……来说”

②It takes sb + 时间段+ to do sth. 某人做某事花了……时间

It takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体：

It took me an hour to write the letter. =The letter took me an hour (to write). =I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。

③It is up to sb. to do sth. 该由某人做某事

It?s up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。

④it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that [as if]… 似乎……

It seemed as if he didn?t recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。

It happened that I was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧不在家。

⑤If it were not for… / If it hadn?t been for… 若不是因为……

If it were not for their help, we couldn?t have got over the difficulties.

要不是他们帮助，这些困难我们不克服不了的。

⑥It + be + 过去分词+ that ….

该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.

It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. 据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。

It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.

大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。

It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.

据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。

⑦若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。

Does it matter much that they won?t come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很重要吗？

Is it true that he will go abroad next week? 他下周出国是真的吗？

Unit3

第一部分重点词汇讲解

destroy (destroyed, destroyed)

v. 破坏

注意该词与ruin, damage 等词的区别：

destroy: 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。

ruin: 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性;也可用于

引申意义, 如ruin one?s future, ruin one?s career。该词做名词时，注意下列搭配：fall into ruin (崩溃)，be in ruins (在废墟中)

damage: 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果, 但仍可修复。可用作名词,常用词组do/cause damage to。

例如：

The building was completely destroyed by the fire. 大火完全毁掉了这幢大楼。

The repairman tried to repair the car which was damaged in an accident.

修理工试图修复在事故中被损坏的车子。

The earthquake did a lot of damage to the city. 地震对城市造成了巨大的损失。（4）It rained for 3 days, which ruined my holiday. 雨下了三天，把我的假期毁掉了

2. remains

（1）n. 剩余物

She fed the remains of her dinner to the cat. 她用剩余的饭菜喂猫。

同时，该词还能表示“遗址”和“遗体”。例如：

The archeologist discovered the remains of an ancient culture. 考古学家发现了一处古文明遗址。

His remains were buried in Westminster. 他的遗体被安放在威斯敏斯特大教堂。

应注意该词为复数形式，类似的词还有：ruins (废墟，遗址)，goods (货物) ，riches, （财富），arms (武器)，fireworks (烟火), wages（工资），sweets（糖果），crossroads（十字路口）等。

（2）vi. 遗留、继续存在

Few villages remained after the flood.洪水过后，几乎没有村庄剩下。

After the fire, very little remained of the temple. 火灾过后，寺庙所剩无几。

remain 为系动词，后接名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等。

He remained the leader after the election. 选举过后，他仍是领导。

The place remains warm all winter. 这个地方整个冬天都很温暖。

He remained sitting in the classroom after the examination. 考试后，他仍然坐在教室里。

也可表示留待以后去看、去做、去说等。

Much remains to be done.还有很多事要做。

It remains to be seen whether the decision is right or not.

该决定正确与否有待将来见分晓。

condition

该词为不可数名词时，意思为“状况，状态”。如：

be in good/ poor condition 处于好的/坏的状态

be out of condition 健康/状况不好

辨析：state 、condition、situation

state指“人或物存在或所处的某一种状态”，必须与a连用。试比较：

在冬天恶劣的天气下，路况很差。

The roads are in a terrible state after the severe winter weather.

The roads are in terrible condition after the severe winter weather.

situation: 境况；情势；情景

It is important for us to use a word or phrase according to the situation in language

studies. 在语言学习中，我们应根据情境使用单词或词组。

He was in a dangerous situation. 他处于危险的形势中。

（2）该词为可数名词时，意思为“条件”。如：

Ability and effort are conditions of success. 才能和努力是成功的条件。

（3）当该词为复数形式时，指（居住、工作或做事情的）环境、境况、条件。如：

living/housing/working conditions 生活/住房/工作条件

He was brought in /under difficult conditions. 他是在极其困难的情况下被养大的。

词组搭配：

（1）on condition that 在…条件下（=only if/ so long as）

They agreed to lend us the money on condition that we pay it back within one month. 他们同意借钱给我们，只要我们一个月内还。

（2）on /under no condition 无论如何都不，决不（= in no case/by no menans）Under no condition can we break the law. 我们决不能触犯法律。

concerned

adj.意思为“忧虑的，担心的”，常与介词about、for搭配使用。如：Concerned parents held a meeting about the children?s education.

忧心忡忡的家长们就孩子们的教育问题开了会。

The mother is concerned about her child?s health. 母亲很担忧她小孩的健康。(2) concern 用作动词，表示“影响、涉及；关于；使担忧；感兴趣”。

常用结构：be concerned with “关于”; as /so far as … concerned “就……而言; concern oneself with/about sth.“忙于，关心”。例如：

The book concerns the discovery of a lost civilization. 这本书与发现失落的文明有关。

This novel is concerned with energy crisis. 这本小说与能源危机有关。

As far as I am concerned, I share the view of the second group.

就我而言,我同意第二种人的观点。

He never concerns himself with housework. 他从来都不做家务。

(3) concern 也可用做名词，意为“担忧，关心的事，重要的事”。如：

We have to pay attention to the public concern about corruption.

我们不得不注意到公众对于腐败现象的关注。

The president expressed his concern for the economic crisis.

总统表达了他对此次经济危机的关注。

（4）concerning 为介词，“关于、涉及”（=regarding）。如：

All books concerning the Internet were sold out. 所有关于网络的书都卖光了。5．sink

(1) vi. 意思为“下沉, 下降”。过去式、过去动词为sank, sunk。例如：

The ship sank to the bottom of the ocean. 船沉到大洋底部。

She sank into the armchair. 她陷在单座沙发里。

The sun was sinking in the west. 太阳西坠。

My heart sank when I heard the terrible news. 当我听到这个可怕的消息时，心里陡然一沉。

（2）n. 指（厨房里的）洗涤池，洗碗槽。

Don?t just leave your dirty plated in the sink. 别把脏盘子往洗碗池里一放就了事。

6．influence

（1）vt. “影响”。例如：

Can the planets influence human character, as astrologers claim? 行星能象占星家所宣称那样对人的性格有所影响吗？

注意与affect的区别：

influence指在人们的思想、行为等方面产生间接的、潜移默化的影响。如：Probably we influenced each other. 也许我们影响了彼此。

affect的影响则比较直接，常指对他人情感上的影响，有时也表示“对……产生不利影响”。如：

The terrible news didn?t affect her at all. 这个可怕的消息并没有影响她。

The economic crisis has seriously affected German exports. 经济危机已严重影响了德国的出口。

（2）n.

The moon has an influence on animal behavior. 月亮能够影响动物的行为。注意下列搭配：

exercise / have an influence (effect) on/over…对……有影响力

under the influence of sb. / under one?s influence 在某人的影响下

7. declare

(1) vt.“宣布、宣告、声明”，后接名词或从句。

The next day, US President Franklin Roosevelt declared war against Japan.

第二天，罗斯福总统宣布对日作战。

The Chinese government declared a ban on plastic bags. 中国政府宣布禁止使用塑料带。

The suspect declared that he was innocent. 该嫌疑犯声称自己是清白的。

(2)也可接复合宾语结构，宾语补足语可由形容词、不定式、分词等充当。如：The suspect declared himself innocent. 该嫌疑犯声称自己是清白的。

They declared his story to be true. 他们声称他们的故事是真的。

The teacher declared Mike chosen. 老师宣布迈克被选上了。

(3)注意declare和announce的区别

declare : 用于正式场合，指“正式宣布”，“郑重宣布”。

announce：用于普通场合，指“宣布”，“使……公开”，“在无线电、电视上主持介绍”。

They announced their engagement to the family. 他们向家里宣布订婚。

The captain announced that the plane would take off. 机长宣布飞机即将起飞。8．bury

vt.“埋葬”。

The workers were buried alive when the earthquake happened. 地震爆发时，工人被活埋了。

She buried her face in her hands and wept. 她掩面而哭。

be buried in/ bury oneself in 埋头于，专心致志于，类似意义有be lost in, be absorbed in 等。

He buried himself in the books. 他埋头读书。

9. drive (drove, driven)

vt. 迫使某人（生气、发疯等）

It drives me angry to think that the keys were in my pocket all along.

drive sb. to do sth.驱使或迫使某人做某事

The greedy boss drove the workers to work all night long.贪婪的老板驱使工人整晚都工作。

迫使某物移动或进入某位置；打、敲、戳等

To mend a broken chair, he drove a nail into wood. 为了修椅子，他把钉子敲进木头里。

10. feed (fed, fed)

vt. 为……提供食物；养活

He has a large family to feed. 他有一大家子要养活。

feed sth. to sb. 把……喂给……

/ feed sb. with sth. 用……喂……

你可以用这根骨头来喂狗。

You can feed this bone to the dog.

You can feed the dog with this bone.

feed on 以……为主食

The cow feeds on hay. 奶牛以草为主食。

11. take over

(1)接管，接收，接任(take sth. over from sb.)

He expects to take over the business when his father retires.

他希望他父亲退休时，由他接管生意。

比较：He expects that his father will hand over the business to him.

他希望父亲能把企业传给他掌管。

Would you like me to take over the driving for a while?

你愿意让我接替你开会车吗？

(2) 拓展：

take in 吸收，欺骗

Don?t be taken in by his promises for he never realizes them.

不要被他的承诺欺骗，他从来都不兑现。

They often drive to the countryside to take in the fresh air there.

他们经常开车到乡村吸收新鲜空气。

take on 雇佣，呈现，承担

China has taken on a new look since its reform 自改革以来，中国呈现出新的面貌。

I feel honored to take on the role as a volunteer. 能担任志愿者的工作，我感到很荣幸。

The supermarket took on extra workers during vacations. 超市在节假日雇佣更多的工人。

take off 起飞，脱下（衣帽），事业腾飞

His career has taken off since he got the first gold medal.

自他得到第一块金牌后，他的事业就开始腾飞了。

take up 占据，从事，开始

After retirement my grandfather took up photography as a hobby.

退休后，我爷爷喜欢上了摄影。

The huge bed took up half of the room?s space.

床占了房间一半的空间。

take down 记下，取下

The students took down what the teacher said in class. 学生们记下了老师所说的话。

take back 收回（所说的话），退回（某物）

If you refuse to take back what you said, I will never forgive you.

如果你不收回你所说的话，我定不原谅你。

take after 相像

In looks she takes after her father. 他在相貌上和他父亲长得很像。

carry out 实施

He failed to carry out his promise. 他未能实现他的承诺。

Once a decision is reached, it must be firmly carried out.

决定一旦做出，就应被坚决实施。

Our manager must be happy if he sees this plan carried out.

看到这个项目可以实施,经理一定会很开心的。

拓展：

carry on 进行

They carry on a conversation in English every day. 他们每天用英语进行对话。

We will carry on as arranged and they can do their worst.

我们还按我们的计划行事,他们爱使坏就随便他们吧。

carry away 使失去理智，使人迷住

He was carried away by emotion. 他被感情支配失去了理智。

carry through 进行到底

His faith and courage carried him through.他的信心和勇气让他度过了难关。13．in memory of 纪念

He wrote a poem in memory of his dead wife. 他为亡妻写了一首诗，以示纪念。

归纳类似结构短语：

in hope of 满怀希望

in search of 搜寻

in honor of 为了纪念

in need of 需要

in place of 代替

in favor of 支持

14．in use正在使用中

The old dictionary is no longer in use.这本老字典已经不用了。

拓展：

out of use 不再使用

come into use 使用起来

When did the word “net” come into use? 单词”net”什么时候开始使用的?

(be) of use

These maps may be of great use to you on your trip.

(完整版)高一英语(牛津译林版)定语从句

定语从句 一、基本概念 1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用a , an 。 3．关系代词/ 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。 4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。 5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类： 关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as 关系副词：when, where, why 二、基本用法

2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题： a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。 1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。 1.I told him all (that) I know. 2.He gave her everything (that) he had. 2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。 1.I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 2.You can take any book (that) you like. 3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read. 2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 1.We talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school. 2.The people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。 1. Who is the boy that helped you? 2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。 He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time. 7. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen) New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句) 2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best. 3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。 1. 先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。 1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now. 2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands. 3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man. 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard. 3. 在被分隔的定语从句中，须用who。 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German. 4. 在以there be开头的句子中，多用who。 There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster. 5. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。 The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that studies very hard.

牛津译林版英语高一下册期末测试Ⅰ

10－11学年牛津高二下学期期末测试Ⅰ Class: Name: Marks: 满分（100） 一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. We know that all languages are perfectly adequate. Each is perfect means of expressing its culture. A. /; / B. the; the C. /; a D. the; / 2. They decided to use the software as an alternative the present one, for it is superior others. A. to; to B. to; for C. for; than D. to; than 3. — Sorry for what I have just said. —. You didn’t mean it, di d you? A. Let’s forget it B. Everything will be OK C. Oh, I see D. I do beg your pardon 4. What a terrible experience you had!, you have arrived home safe and sound. A. Somehow B. Somewhat C. Anyhow D. Anywhere 5. Mary didn’t understand made her deskmate so upset all the morning. A. it was that B. why it was that C. how that was D. what it was that 6. We had been worrying that we couldn’t finish the task on time, so it was a great to learn that we were given another week. A. expectation B. breakthrough C. excuse D. relief 7. The girl wanted to live alone, but her mother asked her . A. not to B. not do it C. not doing D. not doing it 8. The company always provides information collected through detailed research. A. latest B. general C. sensitive D. authentic 9. Jerry many difficulties in Africa, but she finished her research on wildlife in the end. A. went through B. got through C. ran through D. put through 10. All of the things there are inexpensive, with prices from $1 to $10. A. ranging B. decreasing C. distinguishing D. spreading 11. Though continually , the professor went on with his speech enthusiastically. A. being interrupted B. having interrupted C. interrupted D. interrupting 12. — Why are you late for your interview? — I was half way here when it to me that I had left my diploma (毕业证书) home, so I had to return home and get it. A. appeared B. occurred C. acquired D. seemed 13. — Can you persuade him out of the foolish idea? —in doing so — he will never change his mind. A. There is no point B. It is no wonder C. There is no way D. There is no doubt 14. I was frightened at first, but when I opened the door I found it to be two dogs fighting outside.

译林版牛津英语5A教材分析报告

2014-2015学年度五年级英语上册教学指导意见 一、教材概况 小学《英语》五年级上册教材以《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》规定的课程目标和教学要求为依据，在原有教材的基础上：进一步注重素质教育，全面渗透德育，有机融入社会主义核心价值体系；进一步面向全体学生，解决“容偏多、要求偏高、难度偏大”的问题，切实减轻学生的课业负担；进一步设计教学目标，突出语言学习的实践性和应用性，有效地培养学生初步的语言能力和基本英语素质；进一步优化教学活动，激发学生的学习兴趣和求知欲，引导学生学会学习，使教材在思想性、科学性、趣味性和灵活性等方面更加符合课程改革的精神。 二、体例结构 小学《英语》五年级上册共设计了8个单元和2个综合语言实践项目(Project)。每个单元由Story time, Grammar time, Fun time, Sound time, Culture time或Song time(在五至六年级这两个板块交替出现), Cartoon time, Checkout time, Ticking time 8个板块组成。与四年级教材比较，减掉了Rhyme time,增加了Grammar time和Culture time，Story time增加了一页检测阅读理解的练习题，Cartoon time 的篇幅也增加了一页。这些板块的主要功能如下：Story time：使学生在相对真实、完整的语境中接触、体验、理解语言，帮助学生掌握基本的英语语言知识，发展基本的英语听、说、读技能，初步形成用英语与他人交流的能力，同时发展学生的思维能力，提高学生的综合人文素养。 Grammar time:通过对本单元新授词语和句型的归纳，帮助学生理解并初步掌握相关语法知识，引导教师宏观地把握本单元的主要语法容。 Fun time：通过趣味性、互动性较强的语言实践活动，帮助学生熟练掌握Story time中呈现的主要句型和单词，以提高他们用英语进行交流的能力。 Sound time ：通过例词和简短押韵的歌谣，帮助学生了解字母和字母组合在单词中的基本读音，逐步掌握最基本的拼读规则。 Culture time:通过图片和简单的文字介绍，呈现中外文化的异同，帮助学生拓展视野，加深对中华民族优秀传统文化的认识和热爱。 Song time:通过唱歌曲，激发学生的兴趣，活跃学生的身心，帮助学生巩固所学容，提高听说能力和思维能力。 Cartoon time：通过趣味卡通故事，帮助学生强化语言知识，训练语言技能，着重培养学生的阅读理解能力。该板块的故事既是很好的阅读材料，也是供学有余力的学生表演的鲜活剧本。 Checkout time：按照单元教学目标，通过形式多样的综合性语言实践活动，帮助学生检测并复习本单元所学的主要容。 Ticking time：通过自我评价，引导学生了解自己对本单元所学主要容的掌握情况，反思和调控自己的学习过程，体验进步与成功。

牛津译林高一知识点总汇(英语)

高一英语重点高频次知识点总结 重点句型 1．“So + be／have／助动词／情态动词＋主词” 的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的， “So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否 定“Neither/Nor+be/have/ 助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。 例如 He’s tired，and so am I． (＝I’ m also tired．) Y ou can swim，and so can I． (＝I can also swim．) She has had supper，and so can I． (＝I’ve had lunch，t o o．) Tom speaks English，and so does his sister． (＝His sister speaks English，t o o．) A: I went to the park yesterday． B: So did I． (＝I also went to the park yesterday．) 2．“So +主语+be／have／助动词／情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，s o 相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。 例如 A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。 B：So it was．的确如此。 (＝Yes，it was．) A：You seem to like sports． B：So I do． (＝Yes，I do．) A：It will be fine tomorrow． B：So it will． (＝Yes ，it will．) 3．“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。 My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I

牛津译林版高一英语高频知识点总结

牛津译林版高一英语高频知识点总结 重点句型 1．“So + be／have／助动词／情态动词＋主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。 例如He’s tired，and so am I．(＝I’ m also tired．) You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．) She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I’ve had lunch，too．) Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．) A: I went to the park yesterday． B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．) 2．“So +主语+be／have／助动词／情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。 例如 A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。B：So it was．的确如此。(＝Yes，it was．) A：You seem to like sports．B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．) A：It will be fine tomorrow．B：So it will．(＝Yes ，it will．) 3．“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。 My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I han ded in my composition on time.) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。 4．So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示“……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。 She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister. 5、There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。如：

牛津译林版高中英语必修一模块一

高中英语学习材料 madeofjingetieji 盐城市龙冈中学牛津高中英语模块一测试题 命题人：程永华 第一卷(选择题，共75分) I.听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.How much is the skirt? A.$19.15. B.$9.15. C.$9.50 2.What are the two speakers doing? A.They are having a rest. B.They want to have dinner. C.They are hiking on a hill. 3.What does the man mean? A.He doesn't like Chinese food. B.He doesn't want to eat out. C.He wants to pay for the meal. 4.What did the man do yesterday evening? A.He had dinner with his friend. B.He visited a friend. C.He saw a film. 5.When does Mr Brown have to be at the airport? A.At 8:30. B.At 9:30. C.At 10:30. 第二节（共15小题，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6.What kind of color TV does the woman want to buy? A.A small one. B.A big one. C.A cheap one. 7.What's the man's opinion about buying a TV? A.The woman should buy a small one. B.The woman should buy a big one. C.The woman should buy a cheap one. 8.Why does the man give the woman such a suggestion? A.Because the big one is too expensive. B.Because she will have to change it in a few years. C.Because her sitting room isn't very big. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9.Where is the boy going to spend his holiday? A.In the city. B.In his hometown. C.Abroad. 10.What will he do there? A.Do some farm work. B.Study at home. C.Do some housework. 11.Which of the following is TRUE? A.The girl knows how to farm. B.The boy's grandparents don't live in the city. C.The boy's school is in the country. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12.What are the man and the woman looking for? A.A comfortable hotel. B.A modern hotel. C.A cheap hotel. 13.Where could the man and the woman find the hotel they need? A.Next to the bank. B.A two minutes' drive to the west. C.On the left side of the street.

三年级英语下册(牛津译林版)全册单元知识点归纳

三年级下册英语知识清单Unit 1 重点单词 1.open 开；打开 2.the 这个；这些；那个；那些 3.door 门 4.close 关上；合上 5.window 窗，窗户 6.book 书 7.Mr 先生8.please 请 9.sorry 对不起10.rubber 橡皮 11.blackboard 黑板12.don't＝do not 重点短语 1.in class 在上课 2.stand up 起立 3.sit down 坐下 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8c11762576.html,e in 进来 5.open the door 开门 6.close the window 关窗 7.listen to the parrot 听鹦鹉说话 8.look at the blackboard 看黑板 8.open your book 打开你的书 重点句型 1.Good morning, class. 早上好，同学们。 2.Please open the door. 请开门。 3.Please close the window. 请关上窗户。

4. Stand up, please. 请起立。 5.Sit down, please. 请坐下。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8c11762576.html,e in, please. 请进。 7.Look at the blackboard, please. 请看黑板。 8.—What's this？这是什么？ —It's a rubber. 它是一块橡皮。 9.Don't listen to the parrot, Sam！萨姆，不要听鹦鹉说话。 三年级下册英语知识清单Unit 2 重点单词 1. in 在……里 2. run 跑；跑步 3. eat 吃 4. talk 说话；谈话 5. milk 牛奶 6. English 英语 7. drink 喝8. sleep 睡觉 9. shout 喊；叫10. library 图书馆 11. your 你的；你们的12. here 这里；在这里重点短语 1.my English book 我的英语书 2.eat my cake 吃我的蛋糕 3.in the library 在图书馆里 4.a sweet 一块糖果 5.drink my milk 喝我的牛奶

2016版江苏译林牛津高中英语单词表(必修一)英英解释版

为什么做全英文版的初中词汇表？ 答复：打个比方，英汉词汇表就好比是一个人学走路时用的拐杖，在刚开始的时候可能还有点用，但如果要真正学会走路最终还是要扔掉拐杖，去接触英英解释的词汇表，去接触真实的英语环境。使用英英词汇表还有以下好处： 、节省你学词汇表的时间，提高你学词汇的效率，并且能够养成英英思维的良好习惯：你是用旧的英文单词理解新的英文单词，在记忆新的单词时，顺便已经复习了旧的单词；同时没有母语的影响，也就没有思维的转换过程，你的记忆效率非常会非常高。 、更加深刻地理解词汇（中文和英文并非就真能一一对应，很多词非常微妙，细微差别在中文翻译中体察不出来） 、更加全面地掌握单词的各种搭配以及切合语境的应用（动词和介词如何搭配？形容词如何用更贴切？ 常用词一词多义，活学活用等问题都可以在字典里找到答案。）。在中考中，你能够非常非常精准的理解为什么要选哪个答案，而其它的答案不能选。仅通过中文解释是看不出的，只能查英英词典，用英英方式去理解，才能真正找到根源。 本文由美英桥原创。 用英英理解太难了，如何才能更简单一点？ 答复：其实，经过初中的三年学习，你应该有个左右的英语词汇量，也就有了英英思维的基础。 对比初中英语，高中英语的难度又上升了一个台阶。如果想让你的高中三年的英语学习变得非常轻松，你一定要学会使用英英思维方式。 对于从来没有使用这种方式的高中生来讲，的确比较难，因为最熟悉的还是我熟悉的还是自己母语。在第一步时，你可以借助中文去理解，但当有一定的基础后，你可以逐渐学会用英英的方式去记忆和理解单词。 为了能够更好的让你完成这种过渡，我们准备了以下的分享的文档：

相关具体细节和相关完整的分享文档怎么没有，我如何获得？ 相关的文档由于篇幅或者上传限制的原因可能不完整，请发邮件至2487452826@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8c11762576.html,索取（请注意要索取的文档内容）。 词汇表特别说明：由于篇幅所限，没有相关例句，如需要，请发邮件索取Excel有例句的文档。

牛津译林版高中英语必修三 高一年级英语学科作业

淮安市范集中学高一年级英语学科作业 班级________学号_________姓名__________得分________编号_001__ 单项填空 1. He is old, so his son will _________ the farm. A. take charge of B. in charge of C. charge D. be in the charge of 2. Hay, I _________ to meet you here. How long have you been here? A. don’t expect B didn’t expect C. haven’t expect D. wouldn’t expect 3. I _________ you, but I was busy all the time yesterday afternoon. A. could help B. had helped C. helped D. could have helped 4. As ________ , they were waiting for us at the airport. A. plan B. planning C. being planned D. planned 5. The murderer stood before the policeman, his hands ________ on his back, trembling. A. tie B. tied C. tying D. to tie 6. She is not herself today, so she doesn’t feel like _______ food. A. eating B. to eat C. eats D. and eat 7. Though there are many beautiful dresses in the shop, yet none could ________ her. A. suit B. go with C. match D. meet 8. Many things were stolen and the theft _________ unreported. A. became B. left C. got D. went 9. She advised us _____ carefully in her class. A. listen B. listening C. to listen D. listened 10. Would you explain _____? A. the meaning to us B. us the meaning C. us to the meaning D. the meaning us 阅读理解 (A) BRITAIN is a popular tourist place. But tours of the country have pros and cons. Good news Free museums: No charge for outstanding collections of art and antiquities(古董). Pop music: Britain is the only country to rival(与……比敌)the US on this score. Black cabs: London taxi drivers know where they are going even if there are never enough of them at weekends or night. Choice of food: Visitors can find everything from Ethiopian to Swedish restaurants. Fashion: Not only do fashion junkies love deeply and respect highly brand names such as Vivienne Westwood, Alexander McQueen; street styles are justly loved, too. Bad news Poor service: “It’s part of the image of the place. People can dine out on the rudeness they have experienced,” says Professor Tony Seaton of Luton University’s International Tourism Research Center. Poor public transport: Trains and buses are promised to defeat the keenest tourists, although the over-crowded London tube is inexplicably(不可解的) popular. Lack of language: Speaking slowly and clearly may not get many foreign visitors very far, even in the tourist traps. Rain: Still in the number one complaint). No air-conditioning: So that even splendidly hot summer become as unbearable as the downpours. Overpriced hotels: The only European country with a higher rate of tax on hotel rooms is Denmark. Licensing hours: Alcohol is in short supply after 11 p.m. even in 24-hour cities. 11. What do tourists complain most? A. Poor service. B. Poor public transport. C. Rain. D. Overpriced hotels. 课题 M3U1 日 期 2010/02/22 主备人 许凤英 牛淮苏 审核人 孔翠平 书写评价

牛津译林版高一英语任务型阅读解题技巧及专项训练

. 英语任务型阅读专项训练 任务型阅读解题策略: 1．略读。理解文章大意是做题的第一步，也是关键的一步。因此，要快速浏览全文，尤其是每段的第一句话，即Topic sentence和首尾段落，理清文章的写作思路和基本结构，以便加深对文章内容的了解。同时文章的结构往往也是很重要的设题线索。表格项目可能就是根据文章的结构而设计的。只有读懂了文章，才能顺利地在表格中填出相应的信息。 2．扫读。扫读图表，分析表格结构，理清其显示的层次关系，准确定位其考察要求。要特别注意表格前的小标题，它通常就是段落和表格的主题句。读懂了表格标题有助于理解短文及表格的大意，了解表格结构和题目的设置。如捕捉信息题可以去文中查读，其他问题则需要对信息进行加工处理。一般题目的结构是：①全文的标题在标题中缺少一个关键词，根据文章填出所缺的关键词。②各段大意试题中给出各段大意，在给出的信息中缺少一些关键内容，学生把文章的各段对应起来，找准信息。③对各段大意的详细的阐述从文章各段或分散在全文的对应的信息点出发，这要求学生有高度驾驭语篇的能力，在文章中找到准确的信息完成填空。 3．精读。深入理解文章内容，精读与空格中要填的信息有关的文段，寻找确定答案的关键词语，或从文中进行概括，同时仔细斟酌用词，确保填的是最恰当词的最恰当形式。如填写时要注意所填单词的结构和形式，看是否与表格中所给的格式相同，同时注意单词的拼写、短语的搭配、所填词汇的词性、所填单词是否符合题目要求，还要注意字母的大小写。 4. 复查。通观全篇文章，务必再仔细核对文章和任务，确保准确性。 ★归纳概括的注意事项有：（1）大小写（2）单复数（3）搭配 掌握常见的归纳概括词语: （1）赞成和反对的理由pros and cons （2) 优劣 advantages,disadvantages (3) 异同 similarities, differences (4) 建议 suggestions, tips, advice (5) 态度、观点 attitudes to/towards, opinion of (6) 简介某个现象或问题 brief/general introduction, phenomenon(phenomena), problem(s) (一) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。 注意：每空不超过1个单词。 Oh, the things that I should see if I had the power of sight for just three days! The fast day would be a busy one. I should call to me all my dear friends and look long into their faces, imprinting(刻上) upon my mind the outward evidences of the beauty that is within them, I should let my eyes rest, too, on the face of a baby, so that I could Catch a vision of the eager, innocent beauty which precedes the individual's consciousness of the conflicts which life develops. And I should like to look into the loyal, trusting eyes of my dogs--the serious, clever little Scottie, Darkie, and the strong, understanding Great Dane, Helga, whose warm, tender, and playful friendships are so comforting to me. On that busy first day I should also view the small simple things of my home. I want to see the warm colors in the carpets under my feet, the pictures on the walls, the lovely small furniture that transforms a house into home. My eyes would rest respectfully on the books in dot-raised type which I have read, but they would be more eagerly interested in the printed books which seeing people can read, for during the long night of my life the books I have read and those which have been read to me have built themselves into a great shining lighthouse, showing me the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit. In the afternoon of that first seeing day, I should take a long walk in the woods and intoxicate (使陶醉) my eyes on the beauties of the world of Nature trying desperately to absorb in a few hours the vast brilliance which is presenting itself to those who can see. On the way home from my woodland trip, my path would lie close to a farm so that I might see the patient horses ploughing in the field and the peaceful content of men living close to the soil. And I should pray for the glory of a colorful sunset. When dusk had fallen, I should experience the double delight of being able to see by artificial light which the genius of man has created to extend the power of his sight when Nature brings darkness. In the night of that first day of sight, I should not be able to sleep, so full would be my mind of the memories of the day!

小学牛津英语译林版6B英语知识点

Unit1 The lion and the mouse mouse复数老鼠mice 鼠标mouses big，large区别 large：常指面积或范围大，有广阔和众多的含义，其反义词是small。large比较正式。 big：常指程度，规模，容积，重量，数量大，含有庞大、笨重的意思，还可表示“伟大，重要”之意，其反义词是little，big较为口语化 wake up：up是副词，不可后接代词，代词放中间，名称中间后面都可以放。 the next day 第二天，是指某个特定时间的后一天，既可指过去，也可指将来 tomorrow是指从今天向后的一天，即明天 some day 表示将来不确定的某一天，表示将来的时间状语，因此时态用一般将来时 just then 就在那时，表示过去的时间状语，因此时态用一般过去时 from then on 从那时起，表示过去的时间状语，因此时态用一般过去时 from now on 从今往后，表示将来的时间状语，因此时态用一般将来时 副词接在动词后面speak loudly 形容词接在名词前面或be动词后面作表语the old man walk by走过路过let...go 释放放开pour...into把......倒入 in the forest 在森林里large and strong又大又壮so small and weak这么小和弱 let sb. do 让某人干某事well done 干得好get out from the net破网而出 become friends变成朋友cheer for...为...而欢呼be good at ...=do well in...擅长 in the ground在地上in the hole在洞里 look sad看起来伤心with his teeth 用他的牙齿catch(caught)...with用...捉住... have an idea有一个主意（想法）have a good(bad) idea 反义词strong 与weak(同音词week) bite过去式bit hit过去式hit unit2 good habits 宾语补足语:英语中，有些及物动词后接宾语时，还需要加一个词或短语来补充说明宾语的情况，这样的词或短语叫做宾语补足语。可以作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式V-ed形式或V-ing形式等。He keeps his room clean and tidy 他保持房间既干净又整洁 get up early起床早go to bed late 睡觉迟finish his homework 完成他的家庭作业brush one’s teeth 刷牙run through 跑过put…in order把……整理得井井有条 come to see her 过来看她go into=enter走进many good(bad) habits 许多好(坏)的习惯 be late for...做...迟到be bad for...对...有害know……well 对……非常了解 show sb.around带领某人参观last night=yesterday evening l isten to his teachers听他老师的话 反义词late与early finish与start(begin) messy与tidy(clean) fast与slow(ly) before与after unit3 a healthy diet 可数与不可数名词的常用修饰词： 一、修饰可数名词：these, those, few, many, a good [great] many, a great [good/ large] number of，scores of, dozens of 二、修饰不可数名词：this, that, little, a bit of, much, a great deal of, a great [ large] amount of 等： 三、可以同时修饰可数不可数名词：如all, some, enough, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a (large) quantity of 等： only位置实义动词前，其它动词后