欧洲文化入门复习题

Division Six

I.Special Terms Explanation:

Enlightenment

The Spirit of Laws

the separation of Powers

The Social Contract by Rousseau

the Viennese School

II.有可能出填空，选择题与判断题的内容：

1．The most important forerunners of the Enlightenment were ______________ and ____________. (还可以

问：_________________ and ________________ made

great contributions to the Enlightenment.)

2．The French _____________________ was the major force of the Enlightenment.

3．_______________ redefined law in his famous work, _____________________.

4．_______________ put forward “Laws must be adapted to each people.”

5．_______________ put forward the separation of powers, which was accepted by ____________________.

6．Rousseau put forward a claim for social _________________ in The Social Contract.

7．__________________is best known as the editor of Encyclopedie.

8．Henry Fielding’s new art form is _________________ with his famous literary work ___________________.

9．“Werther Fever” originated form _________________ by ______________(谁的什么作品).

10. 罗列在the Enlightenment 时期的音乐家。

11．The Enlightenment is also called _____________.(另外，要熟记原因)

III.给下列作品搭配作者：

The Spirit of Laws

Nebular Hypothesis

Critique of Pure Reason

Don Giovanni

The Magic Flute

The Marriage of Figaro

Candide

The Origin of Inequality

The Social Contract

Robinson Crusoe

A Modest Proposal

Gulliver’s Travels

The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling

The Sorrows of Yong Werther

Faust

Cabal and Love

Messiah

IV.论述题：

What is the great significance of the Industrial

Revolution?

Division Seven

I.Special Terms Explanation:

Romanticism Byronic Hero

II.有可能出填空，选择题与判断题的内容：

1．Since the Industrial Revolution, new economic ideas were put forward by _________________ in his famous book,

The Wealth of Nations.

2．In 1764, __________________________ invented the steam engine.

3．________________________(作品名称) jointly by _________________ and ________________________(作

者的名字) marked the beginning of Romanticism.

4．The Lakers refer to ______________________ and ________________________.

5．Byron’s work at the time was calling Greek to fight against __________________ by mentioning two important wars

______________ and __________________.

6．“If winter comes, can spring be far behind?” is quoted from __________________________ (作品名称) by

___________________________(作者名称).

7．“Beauty is truth, truth beauty” is quoted from ___________________________ (作品名称) by

__________________________ (作者名称).

8．______________________ (作品名称) by _____________________（作者名称）is a verse-novel

based on Byron’s model ____________________(作品名

称).

III.将下列作品与相应的作者对应：

Songs of Experience

Songs of Innocence

Lyrical Ballads

Kubla Khan

Isles of Greece

Don Juan

Ode to the West Wind

Ode to a Nightingale

Ode on a Grecian Urn

Notre Dame de Paris

Les Miserables

Eugene Onegin

A Hero of Our Time

罗列出Romanticism 期间的音乐家：

IV. 论述题：Why do we say Romanticism was a true movement?

Division Eight

I.Special Terms Explanation:

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

Natural Selection

Social Darwinism

II.有可能出选择题与论述题的内容：

1．What are the three sources of Marxism?

2．What are the three components of Marxism?(注意着两道题内容的一一对应)

3.In what historical background did Marxism rise?

4.What is the core of Marxist Political Economy? And in

which work did Mark mention it?

5.What is Marxist scientific socialism?

6.What is Darwin’s theory of evolution?

7.What is Darwin’s theory of natural selection?

Or How do you generalize Darwin’s theory of natural selection?

8.How does natural selection become a mechanism for

evolutionary change?

9.What is Darwin’s evidence for evolution by natural

selection?

10.What is the great significance of Darwinism?

Or What positive influence does Darwinism exert on the world culture?

Division Nine

I.Special terms explanation:

Realism

Naturalism

Impressionism in art

Post-impressionism

II.有可能出选择题的内容：

1．The practice of ________________ is very old and can be traced back to ancient times.

2．The _____________ movement arose in the 50s of the 19th century and had its origin in _________________.

3．The fundamental difference between romanticism and realism is ____________________________________.

4．_______ said, “A novel is a mirror walking along the road.”

5．By the 1850s the term Realism was applied first to the art of _______________.

6．The Red and the Black was written by _________________, and _____________(nationality).

7．___________ is called “the French Dickens” with his famous literary work ___________________________

inspired by that of __________’s __________________(谁

的什么作品).

8．Madame Bovary was written by ____________, who is called _________________________.

9．The representative author of Naturalism is ___________.

10．The famous short story writer was ____________ during realism.

11．The inspector General was written by ____________.

12．____________________ written by Turgenev, which has had great effects on the abolition of serfdom. It can be

compared with Harriet Beecher Stowe’s ______________

on the abolition of _______________.

13．War and Peace was written by _______________ , who was against ______________________(文学流派)。

14. A Doll’s House was written by ______________________,

and ______________(Nationality).

15.David Copperfield was written by _____________.

He/She also wrote __________________________,

which reflects the history of the French Revolution.

16.Middlemarch was written by _________________.

17.Tess of the d’Urberyvilles was written by _______.

18.Man and Superman was written by ___________.

19.Leaves of Grass was written by _____________.

20.“The Lincoln of the American Literature” and

“Father of the American Novel” wer e the titles to

_________.

21.“The Master beyond all Masters” refers to

_______________.

22.The representative painter of Impressionism was

________________ with his famous painting work,

__________________________.

23.The representative painter of Post-impressionism

was __________________, with his famous painting

works, ______________, ____________________

and ________________________. (考试会任选其

一)

III.论述题：

1．What is Realism?

2．What are the chief differences between Romanticism and Realism?

3．What is the historical background of Realism?

Or In what historical background did Realism take place?

Division Ten

I.Special terms explanation:

Modernism Modernist Id Ego Superego

Oedipus Complex the Lost Generation the Beat Generation Angry Young Man Nouveau Roman Existentialism

The Theatre of the Absurd Black Humor Fauvism Expressionism Cubism Futurism Dadaism Surrealism II.有可能出的选择题内容:

1. Modernism was characterized by a conscious of established rules,

traditions and conventions. So it has been called______.

A. “New of the Tradition”

B. “the Tradition of the New”

C. “dehumanization of art”

D. “dehumanization of art”

2. X-rays was discovered by ______.

A. Einstein

B. Rontgen

C. Rutherford

D. Conrad

3. _______’s theory was the fountainhead of Freudian psychoanalysis theory.

A. Einstein

B. Leibniz

C. Newton

D. Kepler

4. Conrad was concerned with men under ____.

A. pain

B. lucky

C. stress

D. nervousness

5. Joseph Heller was the representative author of _______.

A. the Theatre of the Absurd

B. Black Humor

C.

6. Oedipus Complex is a Freudian term originating from a Greek

tragedy , entitled ______ by _____.

7. The Waste Land was written by ___________.

8. The Bloomsbury Group was advocated by _________, who

belongs to ____________(a literary school).

9. __________(the title of the book) by_________ has regarded as a brilliant illustration of Freud’s theory of Oedipus Complex

10. W.B. Yeats was among the first poets to make deliberate use of ________,

which he brought in different ways into his poetry.

11. The person to whom the modernists were indebted most was

__________.

12. In the Freudian system, the _____ is the container of the instinctual urges.

13. D.H. Lawrence’s novel _____________________ was regarded

as pornographic and brought him ill-fame.

14.Ulysses, as the representative work by _____________, was of

____________________(a literary school).

15.The leading figure of Imagist Movement was

_________________.

16. Both ________________ and __________________ made their

works modeled on Mississippi community. (Fill in the authors’ names)

17. _______________ was the chief spokesman of the Lost

Generation.

18. _______________ was the chief spokesman of Nouveau Roman.

19._______________ was the chief spokesman of Angry Young Men.

20._______________ was the chief spokesman of the Beat

Generation.

21. _______________ was the chief spokesman of Black Humour.

22. _______________ was the chief spokesman of the Theatre of the Absurd.

23. _______________ was the chief representative painter of Cubism.

III. 论述题：

1．What are the major and distinctive characteristics of Modernist Movement?

2．In what historical background did Modernist Movement take place?

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