当前位置：文档库 › 八年级英语下册知识点归纳牛津英语

八年级英语下册知识点归纳牛津英语

8B Unit 1 Past and present

past n. 意为“过去” in the past 过去（过去时） in the past few years 在过去的几年中

present n. 现在，目前 at present 目前 n.礼物

in the future 未来；将来

Comic strip ＆Welcome to the unit

1、It was in the bowl an hour ago一个小时之前在碗里的 an hour ago 一

小时前 in the bowl在碗里

2. I've just eaten it.我刚才把它吃了。 (eat-ate-eaten)

just adv. 意为“刚才” 常与完成时连用。他们刚刚到达。 They have just arrived.

注意：just now 意为“刚才”，相当于“a moment ago”通常与一般过去时连用。

我刚才去了图书馆。I went to the library just now.

3. You used to share food with me! 你过去常与我分享食物！

●used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”，表示过去的习惯。本身已是

过去时态，没有人称和数的变化，

暗含现在已不再如此。

1) 他的父母过去住在乡下。 His pare2nts used to live in the countryside.

2) Tom 过去常常早起，不是吗？ Tom used to get up early, didn't he?/ usedn't he?

●be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事

My father is used to reading newspapers after dinner.

●be used to do 被用来做…… A pen is used to write with.笔是用来

写的。

●share sth. with sb.和….分享…

4. You used to be so kind to me. 你过去对我那么好。 be kind to sb. 对…友好

5. go to school by bike = ride a bike to school 骑自行车去学校

6. It took a long time to wait for the next one.等下一辆公共汽车要花费很长时间。

wait for the next one 等下一辆车

7. go to school by bus= take a bus to school= go to school on the bus 乘公交车去学校

Reading

8. know sunshine town very well对阳光镇很了解know…very well 非常了解…

9. since I was born自我出生以来 be born 出生 since 引导原因状语从句，不可与so连用。

10. move house 搬家

11. live in the northern part of town住在城镇的北部

south南方→southern南部的 east东部→eastern东部的west →western north →northern

to the north of 在……北面（范围之外） ?in the north of 在……北部（范围之内）

on the north of 在……北边（接壤）

Our school is to the north of the times supermarket .我们学校在时代超市北面。

Beijing is in the north of China.北京在中国北部。

Shandong is on the north of Jiangsu.山东位于江苏北面。

12. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and we’ve lived in this area since then.

?get married 结婚 get married to sb.= marry sb.= be married to sb.

和某人结婚

marry sb. to sb.把某人嫁给某人

? move two blocks away 搬到两个街区以外since then 从那以后

13. change a lot改变许多

14. over the years 在这些年期间(现在完成时)

15. in the town centre= in the centre of the town在镇中心

16. turn…into… 把…变成…

①Heat turns water into vapor .热使水变成蒸气。②Turn this sentence into English.

turn on打开 turn off关 turn up调高 turn down调低 turn around转身

by turns轮流地 in turn依次 turn in 上交It’s one’s

turn to do sth.

17. a steel factory 一家钢铁厂

water pollution水污染 air pollution空气污染 noise pollution

噪音污染

18. put the waste into the river把废料扔进河 put away 收好 put on 穿

上 put off 推迟/延期

19. realize the problem意识到问题

19. take action to improve the situation采取行动改善情况 20. much cleaner 干净得多

21. in some ways 在某种程度上in this way以这种方式 on the way (to )

在……的路上

by the way 顺便说下 no way 没门 in any way 无论如何

22. have a beautiful modern town拥有一个美丽现代化的城镇

23. most of my old friends 我的大多数老朋友 24.move away 搬

走

25. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.

It is necessary for us to study English hard. It is kind of you

to help us.

若形容词是描述行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.。

若形容词仅仅是描述事物,用for sb.， difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。see each other as often as before和过去一

样频繁的见到彼此

26. play cards and Chinese chess 打牌，下中国象棋

27. feel a bit lonely from time to time 有时感到有点孤

?feel a bit lonely 感到有点孤单from time to time=at times=sometimes有时

?a?bit和a?little “稍微”、“有点” ,修饰形容词、副词。在肯定句中可以互换.

?a?little 直接修饰不可数名词;而a?bit修饰名词时,其后须加上of,构成“a?bit?of+n.”结构。

例如: He?knows?a?bit?of?French. ??????

?a?bit和a?little的否定式意义正好相反。not?a?bit=not?at?all,意为“毫不”;而not?a?little=very?much,

意为“非常”,“很”。例如: He?is?not?a?bit?tired.他一点不累。

He?is?not?a?little?tired.他很累。

? a few/few用在复数可数名词之前，little/a little用在不可数名词之前。

? He took a few biscuits. (肯定) He took few biscuits(否定)

He took a little butter. ((肯定) He took little butter. (否定)

28. the amazing changes 令人惊奇的改变

29. because of being alone 因为独自一人.

lonely, alone的区别：

lonely作表语，表示心灵内部的孤独寂寞,lonely修饰地点时，意：“荒凉的，偏僻的”。

alone指单独、独自的意思，作表语。例如：He is alone, but he never feels lonely.

30. a group of buildings with streets on all sides街道两边全是高楼

31. all one’s life 一生

Grammar

32. repair over ten bicycles 修十多辆自行车 33.the changes in Beijing北京的变化

34. over the past century上个世纪期间 35.learn more about更多了解关于……

36 hear about/of 听说 hear from sb. 收到某人来信 37. plan to do sth.计划做某事

Integrated skills

38. clean and fresh air干净新鲜空气39.living condition居住环境

40. railway station火车站 41. travel to and from the town by bus 乘公交进出城镇

42. another big change 另一个大变化 43. move into new flats搬进新的公寓move out of…搬出…

44. return from the USA 从美国回来return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人

45. go abroad 出国，去国外 at home or abroad在国内外

46. at primary school 在小学 47.keep in touch with each other互相保持联络

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8916590534.html,municate by email 通过电子邮件交流

49.make communication much easier使沟通更容易 communicate with sb.和某人保持联系

Study Skills

50. be/get used to (doing) sth 习惯于（干）某事 get used to the changes of life 习惯了生活的变化

51. take place发生（有目的有计划的）、举行 happen发生(偶然发生)

52. green hills all around 到处都是绿山

53. a river runs through the centre of town 一条小河穿过镇中心

54. on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自

Task

55、throw rubbish扔垃圾 56、in some large open spaces在一些大的开阔的地方

57、in their free time 在他们业余时间 58、travel around the town在镇里转转

59、have their own cars= have cars of their own有他们自己的汽车

60.narrow and dirty roads 又窄又脏的公路 61.wide and clean streets 宽阔而干净的街道

62.green trees on both sides两边绿树 63.enjoy a comfortable life享受舒服的生活

Unit 2 Travelling

Comic strip & Welcome to the unit词组：

1. go to sp for a/one’s holiday去某地度假 go to South Hill for my holiday be on holiday在度假

2. have been to sp去过某地（已经回来）Have you ever been to Beijing? 你曾经去过北京吗？

have gone to sp去了某地（还没回来）He has gone to Shanghai 已

经去了上海

3. join sb in doing sth加入某人去做某事 join us/you

4.get ready for sth. 为……做好准备 get ready to do sth.

5. I am getting all my things. 我正在收拾东西。

6. take the bag拿上包 take sth. with sb.随身携带

7. I don’t think it’ll be a holiday for me. I don’t think it’s a good idea.

8. the capital of …的首都

9. What’s special about this book? 这本书有什么特别的？

10. come from a story by sb来自某人写的一个故事

11. place of interest 名胜 Can you tell me some places of interest in Nanjing?

be interested in … 对……感兴趣I am interested in Chinese. Reading词组：

1. see each other 互相见面

2.miss sb. very much 非常想念某人

miss v. 1)思念；想念 When I studied in USA，I miss my parents very much.

2) 错过，没赶上 Hurry up, or you will miss the bus. n. 小姐，后接姓氏时，常常大写 This is my English teacher, Miss li.

3. I have been in Hong Kong for two months. 我来香港已经两个月了。

4. have a fantastic/good/nice/wonderful time=have fun=enjoy oneself玩

得愉快

5. spend the whole day at Disneyland在迪斯尼度过一整天 all the people所有的人

spend v 1）度过 I spent my winter holiday in Hainan.

2) 花费 spend + 时间/金钱 on + 东西

spend + 时间/金钱（in) doing something

I spent an hour on my homework yesterday. I spent an hour in doing my homework yesterday.

6. We got to the park by underground.

get to sp.=reach sp.=arrive at/in sp. 到达某地(没有目的地只用arrive)

7. on Space Mountain在太空山 an indoor roller coaster一个室内过山

车

8. It moved at high speed and was really exciting.

move at high speed高速运行 (speed –过去时speeded/ sped- 过

去分词speeded/ sped)

speed n. 速度短语：at the speed of …以……的速度It moves at the speed of fifty kilometers an hour. 它以每小时五

十公里的速度移动。

Please drive at a safe speed. 请以安全的速度行驶。

9. scream and laugh through the ride全程都在尖叫大笑through the ride在行程中

10.hurry to a restaurant to have a quick meal

(动词)hurry to sp/ go to sp in a hurry(名词) in a hurry 在

匆忙之中

hurry to do sth=be in a hurry to do sth.=do sth. in a hurry=do sth. hurriedly匆忙做某事

11. On the way 在路上 on the way to + 地点在去……的路

上

on one’s way to + 地点在某人去……

的路上

注意：遇到 home/here/there 等地点副词时省略to

I met an old friend on my way home. 在回家的路上我遇到了一个老朋友。

12. such as/for example例如

For example, twice two is equal to four. 例如，二加二等于四。

Sally likes fruits very much, such as apples, oranges and strawberries.

13. a parade of Disney characters迪士尼人物的游行

later in the afternoon=in the late afternoon下午迟些时候

14. the best part of the day 这天最好部分

15. run after sb.追赶某人can’t stop doing =can’t help doing 禁

不住做某事

When he listened to the story, Jim couldn’t help l aughing. 听这

个故事时，吉姆忍不住笑了。

Stop to do something停下来去做另一件事 Stop doing something

停止正在做的……

Please stop to listen to the teacher. 请停下来听老师讲。

The students stopped talking and laughing when they saw the teacher.

take photos拍照 can't stop taking photos不停地拍照片

16. be like magic像魔法一样

magic n. 魔术Do you like Liu Qian’s magic? 你喜欢刘谦的魔术吗？

magical adj魔法的；有魔力的；迷人的 The world is full of magical things.

17. We could even smell the apple pie and feel the wind. 我们甚至能闻

到苹果派的香味，感觉风在吹。

感官动词smell/feel/sound/taste/look + 形容词

The flowers smell wonderful. The food tastes good.

18. go shopping=do some shopping 买东西

19. buy sb. sth./ buy sth. for sb. 为某人买 couple n.两人，

两件事物，几个人；几件事物

a couple of = a pair of 一双；一对 a couple of key rings

一对钥匙环

The couple arrived at the party very early. We met in Moscow

a couple of weeks ago.

20. near/at the end of 将近/在…结束的时候 in the end=finally 最

后 by the end of到..为止

21. watch the fireworks in fron t of …在…前面观看焰火

22. during your stay there (名词) 在你待在那期间 stay at home (动

词) 待在家

let me have a look at sth.让我看一下某物Here’s one for

you. 这个是送给你的。

Grammar词组：

1. 去某地开会go to sp to attend a meeting

2. 参加会议attend a meeting

3. 在沙滩上玩play on the sand

4. 顺便说一下by the way

5. 邀请某人去野餐invite sb to go for a

picnic

6. 去野餐go for a picnic /have a picnic

7. 电影已经开始20分钟了。The film has been on for 20 minutes.

8. 游行结束好几小时了。The parade has been over for hours.

9. Kitty来香港两天了。Kitty has been in Hongkong for two days.

10. 自从上周二他就离开家了。He has been away from home since last Tuesday.

11. 这本书我已经借了好几天了。I have kept this book with me for a few days.

（不能用borrow）

12. Simon自从去年就加入足球俱乐部了。Simon has been in / a member of the Football Club since last year.

13. 他们结婚15年了。They have been married for 15 years.

14. 这些鱼死了有一段时间了。These fish have been dead for some time.

15. 在寒假第一天on the first day of the winter holiday

Integrated skills词组:

1. 旅行的地方places for traveling

2. 中国园林Chinese gardens

3. 自然景观places of natural beauty

4. 海滨城市seaside cities

5. 主题公园theme parks

6. 提一些在中国旅游的建议give some advice on travelling in China

7. 全年去那儿go there all year round(during the whole year)

8. 水上运动water sports 9. 在任何季节in any season

10.It is dangerous to climb mountains on cold and snowy days.在寒冷的雪天爬山是危险的。

11. 去那最好的时节是在春天或秋天。The best time to go there is in spring and autumn.

12. 可能会下雨。There may be some rain. / It may be rainy. / It may rain.

13.在一年的那个时刻at that time of year

14. 有一些关于五一节的计划have some plans for the May Day holiday

15. 去某地出差go to sp on business

16. 乘直达航班去某地take a direct flight to sp

17. 坐飞机去成都要多久？How long does it take to fly to Chengdu?

18. 跟我爸爸给你核实一下check it for you with my dad

补充知识点：

1. see sb. playing on the sand看到某人正在沙滩上玩

see somebody doing sth 看到某人正在做

see somebody do sth 看到某人做某事的过程或经常看到某人做某事

I saw him working in the garden yesterday. Jim often sees Mary help others.

play on the sand在沙滩上玩

2. die v 死亡 His grandfather died last week.

death n 死亡He cried after knowing his grandfather’s death.

dying 动词现在分词；形容词奄奄一息的，垂死的

His grandfather is dying. 他的爷爷快过世了。

dead 形容词死的 His grandfather has been dead for three years.

3. 1)Except 与 besides

都可表示“除外”，但besides 表示一种累加关系，意指“除了什么之外，还有……”；而 except 则表示一种排除关系，意指“除了什么之外，不再有……”。如：

Besides his wife，his daughter also went to see him. 除他妻子外，他女儿也去看过他(即妻子女儿都去看过他)。

Nobody went to see him except his wife. 除他妻子外，没有一个人看过他(即只有他妻子去看过他)。

2)关于 except 与 except for：

except 主要用来谈论同类的东西，而 except for是"除了因为……;要不是……;除去……一点外"的意思,表示"对一个人或事物,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出一点看法"。即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的"排除否定式"。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的"不是同类项"。

All compositions are well written except yours. 除了你的作文外，其他的作文都写得很好。

His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 他的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误。

4：in front of (在某物外部的前面） There are two trees in front of the classroom.

in the front of (在某物内部的前面）There are a teacher’s desk in the

front of the classroom. Task . 1. 动身去机场leave for the airport 动身去某地，前往某地leave for

2. 在一大早in the early morning

3. 坐飞机去香港花了我们三个半小时。It took us three and a half hours to

fly to Hongkong.

4. 爱看有趣的迪士尼人物游行love watching the interesting parade of Disney

characters

5. 看海豚表演watch the dolphin show

6. 看鸟表演watch the bird

show

7. 给我们的亲戚们买了很多礼物buy a lot of presents for our relatives

8. 吃了一顿美食have a delicious meal

9. 我希望有一天我能再次来这儿玩 I hope I can visit it again some day.

10. 坐飞机去某地 take a plane to sp / take a flight to sp

go to sp by air / plane go to sp on a plane

8B unit 3 online tours 网上旅行

Welcome to the unit 1、look like 看起来像（指长相，即可指人也可指物） eg: The man looks like our English teacher. eg. The strange thing looks like a plate. 区分：What do/does sb. look like? 问长相=How do/does sb. look? What be sb. like? 问品质 What do/does sb. like? 问喜好 2. agree with sb. on sth.同意某人观点 agree to do sth 同意做某事 disagree 不同意

3. Here it is 它在这儿 change the channel 换频道 the

4. 现在分词：cha tt ing

5. do word processing 做文字处理

6. send and receive emails 收发电子邮件 (1) send 发送 send sb. sth.=send sth. to sb .把某物寄给/送给某人 (2) receive 收到，接到 receive emails 接收邮件区分：receive 与accept receive 客观(被动地

)收到 accept 主观接受看录像 8.为何目的，为何理由？=Why? What did you do that for?=Why did you do that? 9.

11. 你多久用电脑来做一次这个？ How often do you use your computer for this? How often do you use your computer to do this? 多频繁(对频率提问) how often 12. almost every day 几乎每天 13. I have no idea.＝I’ve no idea.＝I don’t know.我不知道。

14. turn on the TV →turn on/off打开/关闭…，turn up/down调大/调低；

都是“动词＋副词”。

Reading

1. Around the World in Eight Hours 八小时环游世界

2. I’m your tour guide. 我是你们的导游

3. notice the “tour” icon注意到“tour”这个图标

notice sb do sth注意到某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意到

某人正在做某事

3. at the top of the page在本页上方 at the bottom of 在……

底部

4. click 点击 click（及物动词）sth. =click(不及物动词) on sth. 点击

5. in eight hours在八小时内（后, 用将来时）

举世闻名的贸易中心

很多大型的公司和国际银行

9. further on再往前

10.thousands of 数以千计的 hundred, thousand, million等表示确指时（前

面有具体的数字），用单数；表泛指（前面没有数字）用复数，其后加of gather here在新年前夜聚集在这

11. It’s see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness.

看到大玻璃球在黑夜中落下令人很兴奋。

(1) see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事

eg. When I passed by the KFC, I saw many children eating hamburgers

and chips in it.

see sb. do sth.看见某人做了某事（强调动作发生的全过程）（2）through the darkness穿过黑夜

12. With several lakes, hills and a large green lawn, it’s a good place

to relax after a hard day’s work.

(1) 一个放松的好地方a good place to relax

relax 放松，休息 relax oneself放松自己

动词三单：relaxes 形容词：relaxed 修饰人 relaxing 修

饰物

(2) 在辛苦工作一天后after a hard day’s work 30小时的火车车

程 thirty hours’ train ride

(3) 一大片绿草地a large green lawn

13. Don’t miss Broadway.不要错过百老汇。

14. It has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century

(1) 因……而出名be famous/ known for 作…而出名be famous as+

职业被….所熟知be famous to sb

He is famous to the people all over the world.他被全世界的人所

熟知.

自从20世纪早期since the early twentieth century

15. 听说过“Memory”这首歌 hear of the song “Memory”

收到某人的来信hear from sb get/receive a letter from sb.

16. 著名的百老汇音乐剧《猫》 the famous Broadway musical Cats

17.关于纽约就讲这么多 So much for New York

so much for sth.关于......就讲这么多，......到此为止 So much for

the new words.生词就学到这里。

18. at the bottom of the page在页面底端 pick another city选择另一

个城市捡起来 / 去(机场)接某人pick up

开始你的新旅程start your new tour

19. a play filled with many songs有很多歌的剧本 be

filled with / be full of充满

20. fewer than / less than少于 more

than / over多于

buy tickets to different places买去不同地方的票 fall from the sky从空中落下

gather there to welcome the New Year聚集到那迎接新年

world-famous / famous / well-known著名的

the activity of buying and selling买卖的活动 What

is the website called? 这个网站叫什么？

give people online tours给人们提供在线旅行 on Manhattan Island在曼哈顿岛

Grammar

1. the other day前几天 dream of / about doing sth梦想做某事 The boy dreams of becoming a pilot.

通过在线旅游实现你的梦

想

show me an online tour of the USA给我展示了一次在线美国旅游

return from the USA从美国回来 return from sp从某地回来

return to sp 回到某地

2. take part in =join in +比赛/活动

join +党派/组织/sb./trip/walk join sb. in doing sth.加入某人做某

事的行列

Integrated skills & Study skills

you to different places around the world

5. 看起来像是一艘有很多帆的船look like a ship with many sails

6. 进行一次在线旅行take an online tour 带某人进行一次网上旅游take sb

on an online tour

7. 在网站上on the website

8. 看到一座叫做“悉尼歌剧院”的神奇建筑

the Sydney Opera House

9. 澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。

ours.

Australian adj.澳大利亚（人）的名词：Australia 澳大利亚

10. 介意做某事mind doing sth 介意某人做某事mind o ne’s doing sth (中间用形物主代)

介意给我展示如何开始在线旅游mind showing me how to start this online

tour

介意我打开窗子mind my opening the window(中间用形物代)

Do you mind doing sth.? 介意：You’d better not .

不介意：Not at all. /Of course not. /Certainly

not.

14. 当然不Of course not.

15. 不客气，很乐意My pleasure. / It’s my pleasure.（名词）

不客气，很乐意效劳，回答别人的道谢，=You’re welcome.

16. an online course 17. ask the way 18. 预定票和酒店book tickets and hotels 19. 订餐order meals

20. 在日常交流中用英语use English in daily communication 日

常英语 daily English

21. If/as soon as/until/when引导条件状语从句，主句是一般将来时，从句

用一般现在时表示将来。

eg. If you don’t hurry up, you’ll miss the train.

注：if表“是否”时，该用什么时态用什么时态。

I don’t know if he will come to my birthday party tomorrow.If he comes,

I will call you.

TASK

1. called 被称作/叫作=named，在句中作后置定语修饰前面的名词eg. I like the cat named / called Mimi.

一个岛国an island country

2. be made up of...由.....组成Our class is made up of fifty students.

区别：be made of 由......制成（能看出原材料）

be made from 由......制成（看不出原材料）

be made in 某物是某地制造的

3. 有着悠久的历史have a long history

4. 国王和女王曾是它的统治者。Kings and queens were once its rulers.

5. 在这个古老的欧洲国家in this old European country (形容词性)

6. 很多宫殿和城堡many palaces and castles

7. 它已经成为国王和女王的住所很长时间了。It has been the home of kings and queens for a long time.

8. 英国一直因它的博物馆而出名。The UK has always been famous for its museums.

10. 很多自然美景

11.

the lakes

12. 参观的最好时节the best time to visit

13. 那里的天气多变The weather changes often there.

14. 上一分钟晴天，下一分钟就可能下雨。It is sunny one minute but rainy the next.

15. 为……准备prepare for…

prepare to do sth.准备做某事

16. 用英镑，而不是人民币或美元use pounds, not RMB or dollars

重点句子

1. What do you usually use your computer for? 你通常用电脑干什么？

I usually use it to search for information.我通常用它来搜寻信息。

2. Have you noticed the “Tour” icon at the top of the page? 你注意到这一页顶部的“Tour”键吗？

3. Just click on it, and you can visit Asia ,Africa , Europe ,America and more in only eight hours.

只要你点它一下，你就能在八小时内参观亚洲，非洲，欧洲，美洲和更多的地方。

3. Every yea r, thousands of people gather here on New Year’s Eve. 每年新年前夜，数以千计的人们聚集在那里。

4. It’s exciting to see the huge glass ball falling through the darkness!看巨大的球在黑暗中落下，真是太让人兴奋了！

5. It has been famous for its theatres since the early twentieth century.自从二十世纪早期以来，它就以它的剧院而出名。

6. It’s a good place to relax after a hard day’s work. 在辛苦一天的工作之后，它是一个放松的好地方。

7. In the centre of the island is Central Park. （倒装句）岛的中心是中央广场。

8. With several lakes, hills and a large green lawn, it’s a good place

to relax after a hard day’s work.

(公园内)有几片湖泊、几座小山以及一大片草坪，是人们辛苦工作一天后放松的好地方。

9.Have you ever dreamt of travelling around the world without a passport ?你曾经梦想没有护照周游世界吗？

10. 要了解一座城市，只要在这一页顶部的菜单里找到它并点击。

To learn about a city, just find it in the menu at the top of the page and click on it.

11. Would/do you mind doing …? 你介意做……吗？

12. ——你介意给我演示如何开始这次网上旅行吗？——当然不（介意）。

---Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour? ---Of course not.

13. ——感谢你的帮助。——不用谢，这是我乐意的。 ---Thanks for your help. --- My pleasure./ It’s my/ a pleasure.

14. Australian seasons are the opposite of ours.澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。

15. Would you mind showing me how to start this online tour ?你介意向我们展示如何开始在线旅游吗？

16. There are many palaces and castles in this European country.在这欧洲国家有许多宫殿和城堡。

17. Our class is made up of 22 boys and 30 girls .我们班有22个男生和30个女生。

18. Wall Street, the world-famous trade centre, is here at the southern end of Manhattan Island.

华尔街，闻名于世的贸易中心，位于曼哈顿的最南端。

8B Unit4 A good read

★Welcome to the unit

1. Have you decided what to do with these books? 你已经决定怎样处理这些书了吗？

do with意思是：“对付，处理”，相当于及物动词，在特殊疑问句中，do with 与what 搭配使用。

例：What do you do with this problem? 你怎样处理这个问题？

拓展：deal with也意为“对付，处理”，用于特殊疑问句中，与how 搭配使用。

例：I don’t know how to deal with the problem. 我不知道怎样处理这个问题。

decide what to do with these books =decide how to deal with these books决定怎么处理这些书

2. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.我得用它们来够冰箱上的书。

1）use sth. to do sth.意思是：“用某物来做某事”，也可用为use sth. for (doing) sth.。被动语态：sth. be used to do sth.

例：We use computers to play games.= Computers are used to play games. 我们用电脑玩游戏。

2）reach 为及物动词，意为“够到，到达” I’m too short to reach the apple on the tree. 我太矮了，够不着树上的苹果。

3. They improve my knowledge of the past. 它们提高我对过去的认识。

She has a rich knowledge of Chinese history. 她对中国的历史了解很深。

have no knowledge of对….一无所知

have a knowledge of有某方面的知识 He has a wide knowledge of painting.他在绘画方面知识渊博。

Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。获得知识get/gain knowledge, 没有learn knowledge说法

3.What do you like to do in your spare time? 你空闲时间喜欢干什么？

in one’s spare/free time 在某人的空闲时间里

spare/ free是形容词，意为“空闲的，多余的”, 例：How do you spend your spare time? 你怎样度过你的空余时间？

拓展：spare也可作为动词，意思是：为…留出，匀出

例：Please spare some time for your hobbies. 请为你的爱好留出一点时间。其他短语：

1. a good read 一本好的读物

2.I didn’t know you liked books.我原来不知道你喜欢书。

3. a book about Germany in World WarⅡ 一本关于二战时的德国的书

4. be interested in history books 对历史书感兴趣

5. read novels and plays 阅读小说和戏剧

6. the book by the French writer 那个法国作家的一本书

7. The story of the ugly man really touched me.这个丑男的故事真正地感动了我。touch sb. 感动某人

8. give them to me 把它们给我

9. me too我也是(肯定句) me neither 我也不（否定句）

★ Reading

1. After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. 在我们的船触礁以后，我尽可能远地向前游。

（1）against是介词，意思是：靠着、顶着、迎着、衬着，反对，和…比赛例：The teacher’s desk is against the wall.

We’ll play basketball against Class 3 tomorrow.

（2） as far a s 意为：与…一样远、一直到，

例：We walked as far as the river. 我们一直走到河边。

拓展：as far as也可表示为“就…而言，从…来看，尽…所能” as far as one can 尽可能地远

例：We’ll help you as far as it is possible. 我们会尽可能帮助你。

swim as far as one can 奋力前游

（3）crash against the rocks 撞到岩石

2.By the time I finally felt the land under my feet, I was tired out.我能感觉到陆地在我的脚下，我已经精疲力竭了。

by the time 到…..时候be tired out精疲力竭

例：Those players were tired out after the fierce match. 那些队员在那场激烈的比赛之后感到精疲力竭了。

拓展：be tired of 对...感到厌倦; be tired with 因...而疲劳

I am tired of living aboard. 我厌烦了国外的生活。

He was tired with climbing that steep hill.我爬那座陡山爬累了.

3.It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face.

它在我肚子和脖子上移动直到它站在离我脸很近的地方。

(1)move up over my stomach and neck在我肚子和脖子上移动

(2)until 意思是“直到”，表示某一种动作一直持续到某一时间。用在肯定句中，句子的谓语动词必须用延续性动词。Not…until意为“直到…才”，表示直到某一时间，某一动作才发生，之前该动作并没有发生。用在否定句中，主句中的谓语动词通常是短暂性动词。

例：I studied English until 9 o’clock last night. 昨晚我学英语直到九点钟。（表示九点前一直在学）

I didn’t leave until 9 o’clock last night. 我昨晚直到九点钟才离开。（表示九点才离开）

4. He was t he same size as my little finger. 他和我的小手指一样大。

the same…as…意思是“与…一样…”，这里as 是连词。例：

My dress is the same color as yours. 我的长裙和你的颜色一样。

5. However, they soon got up again and continued moving across my body. 但是，他们很快又起身，并继续在我身上移动。

continue to do强调停下手头的事情（后）继续做某事，doing就是不停做某事

eg：I continued to write my book when I had finished my homework.

I continued writting my book after a short rest.

6. I did not know what to say either. I tried to pull one hand free and

我也不知道说什么。我尽量空出一只手并

1) either是副词，用于否定句中作“也”解释，通常置于句末。Either还可以用来强调否定含义的短语。

例：I don’t like the red shirt and I don’t like the green either. 我不喜欢这件红色衬衫我也不喜欢这件绿色的。

As for me, I shall not return there either. 如果是我，我也不会回到那儿去。

拓展：either用作代词，意为“（两者之中）任一、任何一个”，在句中作主语时谓语动词用单数，用作定语时，只能修饰单数名词。

例：Either of the books is popular with the students. 两本书中任何一本都受到学生的欢迎。

2) manage意为“设法完成，管理”，名词为management manage to do sth. 设法做成了某事

例：How did you manage to get their approval? 你怎样得到他们同意的？其他词组

1. fall down on the beach 倒在沙滩上

2. go to sleep睡觉

3. wake up醒来 wake me up wake up the man

4. My arms, legs and hair were tied to the ground.我的胳膊、腿和头发被

拴在地上。be tied to the ground 被绑在地上

5. feel something on my leg感觉腿上有东西

6. look down向下看

7. the tiny person小人

8. make

them fall over 使他们摔倒

9. continue moving across my body 继续在我身上移动 10. shout at

them朝他们大叫

11. try to pull one hand free试着挣脱一只手 12.begin

doing / to do sth . 开始做某事

13. manage to break the ropes 设法弄断绳子 14. lift my left

hand into the air 把我的左手举到空中

15. a huge army of tiny people 一大群小人 16. come straight

towards me 向我直冲过来

17. run away from them 逃脱他们 run/ get away from 从….. 逃走

18. I didn’t know how to get away. 我不知道怎么逃脱。

19. keep doing something 不间断地做某事 17. find himself

unable to move 发现他自己不能动弹

18. stand on his shoulder站在他的肩膀上 19. communicate with

the small men 和那些小人交流

20. hold things together with ropes用绳子把东西捆在一起

★Grammar

1. 疑问词+不定式（to do）

疑问词有疑问代词who, whom, what, which, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why。此外，连接词whether也适用。

“疑问词+不定式”结构有下列五种功能：

⑴当主语，如：

When to hold the meeting has not yet been decided. 何时开会还没有定下来。

Where to live is a problem. 住哪里是个问题。

⑵当宾语，如：

We must know what to say at a meeting. 我们必须知道在会上说些什么。

He could not tell whom to trust. 他无法分辨该信任谁。

⑶当表语，如：

The problem is where to find the financial aid. 问题是到哪找到财政援助。

⑷当名词同位语，如：

Tom had no idea which book to read first. 汤姆不知道先读哪本书。

⑸当宾语补足语，如：

Jim is not sure whose to choose. 吉姆不确定选择谁的。

Mary and John are not certain whether to get married or not . 玛丽和约翰不确定是否要结婚。

适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括：

know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, for get, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, remember, think, wo nder, understand等。

有点值得特别注意的是：当这结构当宾语时，它的作用等于名词分句，例如：

I could not decide which dictionary to buy. = I could not

decide which dictionary I should buy. 我不能决定买哪本字典。

Jack did not know where to find such a good teacher.=Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.

杰克不知道到哪能找到这样一个好老师。

有些动词，如ask, show, tell, advise, inform, teach等，可以先有个宾语，然后才接着加上适当的“疑问词+不定式动词”结构。例如：Have you told him where to get the application form? 你告诉他哪里领申请表了吗？

2. must和have to的用法。

区别1：must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为“必须”，而have to多表示客观存在的环境所限，即客观要求(无奈)而为之，多译为“不得不干某事”。

例：I must clean the room because it is too dirty.（无人强迫）因为太脏了，我必须要打扫房间。

We must be there on time.（责任感的驱使）我们一定准时到达。

I have to do my homework now.（不得不做）我现在不得不做作业。

I have to leave school because my family is poor now.因为家里穷了，我不得不退学。

区别2：must没有时态的变化，而have to有时态的变化。例：

Daming was hurt. The doctor said he had to stay in hospital for about two weeks. His father has to go to take care of him.

We don’t have to go to school on Sundays. 星期天我们不必上学。

区别3：must的否定为mustn’t，多表示“禁令”。

例：No! You mustn’t turn left! You must turn right into The Strand.不！你不能向左转！你应该向右转进入到strand中。

由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用needn’t 或don’t have to，意思是“不必”；

此用法在中考中的单选题中容易出现！

例：1）—Must I finish my homework before eight o’clock?—Yes, you must.

我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗？是的，必须。

2）—Must I attend the meeting?—No, you needn’t/ don’t have to. You can ask Tom to go instead.

我必须要参加这次会议吗？不。你不必。你可以让汤姆替你去。

词组：

1. talk to him about the book 和他讲这本书

2. advise us which to choose as after-school activities 建议我们选择

哪些作为课外活动

3. teach oneself how to use a computer to draw 自学怎么用电脑画画

4. Have you decided which to read first? 你决定先读哪个了吗？

5. find out how to travel around the world in such a short time 弄清楚

怎么能在如此短的时间内环游世界

6. hand in the report 上交报告

7. I’m still not sure what to write about in the report. 我仍然不确

定在报告中该写什么。

8. write anything about your book 写关于你的书的任何东西

9. and so on 等等 10. read some reviews about the book 读

一些关于这本书的评论

11. keep the books clean and tidy 使书保持干净整洁 12. return the

books on time按时还书

13. renew the books 续借这些书

14. remember to bring your library/ student card 记得带上你的借书证/学

生证

Integrated skills & Study skills

1. All the British publishing houses refused to publish it. 所有的英国出版社都拒绝出版。

refuse是动词，及物动词或不及物动词，意思是“拒绝，回绝”。一般形式为refuse+to do sth. 或refuse sth.\ sb.

例：We asked him to come, but he refused. 我们叫他来, 可是他拒绝了。

He refused to change his mind. 他拒绝改变主意。 She refused their invitation. 她拒绝了他们的邀请。

2. So far 到目前为止，至今

若强调so far所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在，谓语动词用现在完成时。

例：So far there has been no bad news. 到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。

So far 50 people have died in the fighting. 到目前为止，已有50人在战斗中丧生。

若不强调so far所描述的谓语动作一直持续到现在，则只是侧重描述一种客观现象，则可用一般现在时（谓语动词通常为某些状态动词）。如：

So far, it is only talk. 至今还只是空谈。

This is likely to be the biggest conference so far. 这很可能是迄今为止规模最大的一次会议。

3. How many books can I borrow at a time? 一次我能借多少本书？

at a time意思是“一次，每次”，常用于“数词+at a time”的结构中。

例：He checked one person at a time as they came in. 当他们进来时，他一个一个地检查。

拓展：at one time一般指“过去某一时期，曾一度（once）”或“同时”的意思。

例：At one time I used to like her, but not any more now. 我曾一度很喜欢她，可现在不喜欢了。

4. For example, Treasure Island tells the story of a young boy who sailed the sea to look for hidden treasure.

比如，《金银岛》讲一个小男孩出海寻找宝藏的故事。

1）look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作。如：—What are you looking for？你在找什么？—I'm looking for my bike．我在找我的自行车。

2）find意为“找到”“发现”，强调“找”的结果，其宾语往往是某个丢失的东西或人。如：

—Did you find Li Ming yesterday？你昨天找到李明了吗？

—No，we looked for him everywhere，but didn't find him．没有。我们到处找了，但没有找到他。

拓展：find发现，发觉

例：I didn't find the joke at all amusing. 我认为这笑话一点也不可笑。3）find out着重表示通过理解、分析、思考、询问等“弄清楚”“查明”一件事情，其后的宾语常常是某个情况、事实。

Please find out when the train leaves．请查一下火车什么时候离站。

5. I also want to travel and have exciting experiences in the future. 在将来我也想去旅游并且有激动人心的经历。

1) experience用作名词，表示“经验”“体验”，是不可数名词；而表示“经历”，通常是可数名词。

如：Experience is the best teacher. 经验是最好的老师。

I know from experience that he will arrive late. 据我的经验，他会迟到的。He had many interesting experiences while travelling in Africa. 他在非洲旅行时，有很多有趣的经历。

表示做某事的经验，其后接 in (of)doing sth.。如：

He has had many years’ experience in (of) wheat planting / planting wheat. 他有多年种小麦的经验。

比较： have experience in (of) teaching＝ have teaching experience(教学经验)

2) 用作动词，表示“体验”“经历”等，只用作及物动词。如：

The child had never experienced kindness. 这孩子从未受过善待。

He experienced great hardships for the first time in his life. 他有生以来第一次体验到巨大的艰苦。

3)experienced为形容词，意思是“有经验的”。

He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners. 他在教初学者方面很有经验。

在去伦敦的一次旅途中萌生了第一个故事的想法

2. a great success 一个巨大的成功

3. translate the story into 70 languages 把这个故事翻译成70种语言

4. 400 million copies 4亿册

5. in over 200 countries and areas 在二百多个国家和地区

6. a Canadian writer 一个加拿大的作者

7. search for information on the computer 在网上搜寻信息

8. at a time 一次

9. How long can I keep the books? 我能够借这些书多久？

10. renew them online 在网上续借他们

11. find them really interesting 发现它们真的很有趣

12. sail the sea to look for hidden treasure 航海去寻找隐藏的宝藏

13. the main character in the book 书中的主人公

14. give me a lot of confidence 给我很多自信

15. I’m not as shy as I used to be. 我不再像以前那样害羞了。

Task ＆ Self-assessment

1. Who do you usually ask for advice on books? 通常是谁给你读书的建议？advice为不可数名词，意思是“建议”，可用some，much，a piece of，pieces of等修饰，不能说an advice或many/a few advice，表示“有关……的建议”时，用介词on接名词、代词或由疑问词引导的不定式。

例如：Let’s ask for his advice on what to do next. 我们去征求一下他的意见下一步该怎么办。

常见搭配：give advice on对……提出建议

take/follow one’s advice接受某人的建议

ask for advice征求意见

act on one’s advice照某人的建议去做

accept/refuse one’s advice接受（拒绝）某人的建议

offer advice to sb.向某人提供建议

want one’s advice需要某人的建议

动词形式advise，是及物动词．常见搭配：advise sb. to do sth.\ advise doing sth.\ advise that sb. should do sth.

例如；①He advised waiting till the proper time.他建议等到适当时机才行动。

②My teacher advises me to leave now.老师建议我现在就离开。

③We advise measures（should）be taken to stop pollution at once.我们建议立即采取措施以阻止污染。

2. They also open up a whole new world to me. 他们也为我开创了一个崭新的世界。

Open up意思是：开启，开创，开辟

一个新的贸易区开发了。

我的阅读习惯 2. different types of books 不同种类的书

3. the four great classical Chinese novels 中国的四大名著

opposite my home 在我家对面

5. give me lots of advice on books 给我很多关于书的意见

6. help me relax after a busy day 忙碌一天后帮我放松

7.on weekdays

在工作日 at weekends 在周末

Unit 5 Good manners

●考点归纳so...that... such... that... enough to too……to

一、so... that...句型中的so是副词，常常修饰形容词或副词，常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句。

1. He is so young that she can't look after herself.

2. He was so angry that he couldn't say a word.

二、在“such... that...”句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“如此……以致于……”但当名词前有表示数量的many、much、(a) few、(a) little等词修饰时，句子中要用“so...that...”而不能用“such...that...”。例如：

1. He has so much money that he can buy what he wanted.

2. I've had so many falls that I have pains here and there.

但是：There is such a little(小) bird that I can't see it.

如果名词是可数名词单数才要加a 和an, 反过来如果是可数名词单数, 前

面一定要加a或an

He is so lazy a boy. / He is such a lazy boy.

She is so lovely a girl that everyone loves her. She is such a lovely girl that everyone loves her.

三、 so与that也可连起来写，即变成：... so that ...(以便 / 为了……)，引导目的状语从句。例如：

1. I got up early so that I could catch the early bus.

2. Please open the window so that we can breathe fresh air.

四、以“so...that”引导的结果状语从句可以转换成不定式的简单句，即可转换为“...enough to...”或“...too...to”句型，但这种转换必须符合下列条件：

1. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可用“enough to do sth.”来转换。例如：

The man is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.→ The man is strong enough to lift the heavy box.

He was so clever that he can understand what I said. → He was cleve r enough to understand what I said.

2. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可以用“enough for sb. to do sth.”来替换，但须注意不定式的宾语要省略。例如：The question is so easy that I can work it out. → The question is easy enough for me to work out.

The box is so light that he can carry it. → The box is light enough for him to carry.

3. 当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是否定句时，可以用“too...to”来替换。例如：

The girl is so young that she can't dress herself. → The girl is too young to dress herself.

I was so tired that I couldn't go on with the work. → I was too tired to go on with the work.

4. 当主句和从句的主语不一致，且that从句是否定时，如果要用

“too...to...”替换“so...that...”，则用介词for引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以用“too...for sb. to do sth.”来替换，注意不定式的宾语要省略。 The bag is so heavy that s he can't move it. → The bag is too heavy for her to move.

It is so hot that we can't sleep. → It is too hot for us to sleep.

5. 当that引导的从句为否定式时，若从句主语与主句主语相同, so．．．that可转换为enough to的否定结构；若从句主语与主句主语不相同时，so．．．that 可转换为enough for sb．to 的否定结构。注意：转换后的形容词（副词）要用其相应的反义词。例如：

The man is so old that he can't go to work．→The man isn' t young enough to go to work

The desk is so heavy that I can't move

it．→The desk isn't light enough for me to move．

6. enough to的句式为否定式时，enough to可以转换为too．．．to结构。但转换后的too．．．to结构中的形容词（副词）要用其相应的反义词。例如：

He is not old enough to do the job. → He is too young to do the job.

Tom didn't walk slowly enough for us to keep up with him．→Tom walked too fast for us to keep up with him.

由中考试题看so...that, too...to 和enough to的转换

1．The water was so dirty that we couldn't drink it． The water was ____ dirty for us ____ drink．（2001上海市）2．The child is so young that he can't put on his clothes．The child isn't ____ ____ ____ put on his clothes．（'99四川宜宾）

3．The problem is too difficult for me to work out．The problem isn't ____ ____ for me to work out．（2001重庆市）

答案：1．too，to 2．old enough to 3．easy enough

●词组

Welcome to the unit

1. good manners 良好的礼仪，有礼貌

2. be old enough to do sth.年龄够大可以做某事

enough放在adj./adv.的后面，n.的前面，如enough money be not…enough to do = be too…to do = so…

that从句

I’m not old enough to go to school. =I’

m too young to go to school. =I’m so young that I can’

t go to school.

3. share your things with others和别人分享你的东

西share sth with sb和某人分享某物

4. cut in on sb/sth 打断某人The old man ______ _______ _______their conversation. 老人打断

了他们的谈话。

(1) cut in 插嘴,打

断 She likes __________ ______while her teacher is giv

ing a lesson. 老师上课时她爱插嘴

_______ _______ ______ _______ her. Let her continue speaking.

别打断她。让她继续发言。

(2) cut in = push in 插队，加塞

She _______ _______at the head of the line. She _______ ____

___at the head of the line. 她在列队的最前头插队。

Cut词组：

● cut across: 抄进路,走捷径We may as well cut across the playground. 我们不妨从运动场上横穿过去

●cut sth into sth 把某物切成某物。如：First cut the meat into small pieces. 先把肉切成小块。

5. wait for sb. politely 礼貌地等待某人

6. You are never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。

7. drop littler everywhere随处扔垃圾

8. leave the tap running让水龙头一直流着

leave the window open/closed leave the lights on leave sth doing 使…处于某种状态

9. pick flowers in the park在公园里采花

pick up 拾起；搭便车The car stopped to pick me up. 汽车停下来接我。

pick out 选出；挑出；拣

出 Can you pick out the right one?

10. keep quiet in the library在图书馆里保持安静 keep silent

11. obey/follow traffic rules遵守交通规则

12. queue for your turn 排队等候你的顺序

(1) queue v. 排队等候

（2） queue n. in a queue/ in line排成一排 jump a queue

插队，不按次序排队

（3）It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事

13. Anything else? 还有其他什么吗？ else / other what/who else

上海牛津英语八年级下册

Units 1&2 一．重点、难点归纳 1.过去进行时（1）构成：was/were+现在分词 He was reading a book at 4:00pm yesterday. （2）时间状语：just then, yesterday afternoon, at nine last night, at this/that time yesterday等。 What were you doing this time yesterday? （3）与频度副词always等连用时，表示过去经常反复的动作，常常有埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱等情绪。 He was always helping others. 2.when 和while when 引导的从句中的谓语动词常是比较短暂的动作，用一般时。 while 引导的从句中的谓语动词常是比较长的动作，用进行时。 My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle. It was raining when they left the station. 3.形容词（1）形容词放在系动词后，或名词前。（2）常见的系动词： A.be动词（am, is, are, was, were) B.感官动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel .... C.表示主语从一种状态转变到另一种状态的系动词：grow, get, turn, become, fall, go ... D.表示主语继续或保持某种身份、特征或状态的系动词：continue, keep, remain, stay等。（3）形容词要放在修饰词someone, somebody, something, nothing等不定代词后。 something important. （4）有些形容词只能作表语（放在系动词后），不能作定语。这些形容词大多以元音字母开头。如：afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake, ill .... He is alone, but quite happy. 二、重点句式 1.It is +adj. + for sb. to do sth. 此句型中，形容词常表示事物的特征特点及客观形势，如：easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等。 It's very hard for him to study two languages. 2.“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”做某事怎么样 These books are difficult to read. 3.It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth. 此句型中，形容词表示人物的性格或品德，如：good, nice,clever, silly, right, selfish等。 It is very nice of you to help me. 4.All we have to do is to think of a name of her. 如果主语是从句时，谓语要用单数。 What I said is true.

新人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结

新人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结Unti1 what’s the matter? 短语归纳 1.too much 太多 2.lie down 躺下 3.get an X-ray 做个X光检查 4.take one ’s temperature 量体温 5.put some medicine on ......在....上敷药 6.have a fever 发烧 7.take breaks /take a break 休息8.without thinking twice 没多想 9.get off 下车10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院11.wait for等待12.to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的 thanks to多亏于；由于14.in time及时 15.think about 考虑16.have a heart problem患有心脏病 17.get into the trouble 遇到麻烦18.do the right thing做正确的事情事情 19.fall down 摔倒20.put ...... on sth把...放在某物上 21.get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤22.be interested in 对.....感兴趣 23.be used to 习惯于.... 24.take risks/take a risk 挑战 25.lose one’s life 失去生命26.because of 因为 27.run out of 用完28.cut off 切除 29.get out of 从...出来30.make a decision/decisions 做决定 31.be in control of 掌管；管理32.give up 放弃

人教版八年级下册英语知识点总结

英语知识点 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片14. take one’ s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way ? 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着……走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救24. without th inking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one’ s surprise 使....... [京讶的28. thanks to 多亏了；由于29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻；马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开;从……出萍35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fa ll down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难43. mountain climbing 登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便47. so. . . that 如此……以至于…48. be in control of 掌管;管理49. in a d iffic u lt situation 在闲境屮50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃二、重点句型 1. What’ s the matter? What’ s the matter with you? = What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了 2. W hat should she do?她该怎么办呢？ Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..①You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。② You shouldn’ t go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。 3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or abook? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？ 4. I think I sat in the same way for too long withoutmoving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。 5. She said that the man had a heart problem andshould go to the hospital Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks. 一、重点短语 1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日 2. an old people’s home 养老院 3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难 4. used to 曾经……；过去_ 5. care for 关心;照顾 6. the look of joy 快乐的表情 7. at the age of 在......岁时8clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀10. give out 分发;散发11. come up w ith 想出；提出12. make a plan 制订计

牛津英语上海初二英语上册知识点

牛津英语上海版初二英语上册知识点（短语、句型） MODULE1 1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a....,every...用一般现在时，第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形，第三人称单数后跟动词加's'/'es'。 2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment ....用现在进行时，结构是be (am, is, are) +v-ing 3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段时间, some day, next....用一般将来时，结构：will + v原\ be going to +v原（没有动词用be ） 4、如有yesterday, ......ago , last....just now.....用一般过去时动词加ed give sb. Sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物every day每天, write down 写下，记下write it (them) down everyday每天的，日常的, how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做....怎么样each other 互相. thanks a lot= thank you very much非常谢谢回答That's all right. =You're welcome.= That'OK.= It's my pleasure.=Not at all.Why don't you+V原...=why not+...V原为什么不 help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助别人help sb. (to )do sth.帮助某人做某事with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的帮助help oneself to sth.请自用食物watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事，（现在没有做，做过） watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事（正在做）see, hear类似 remember to do sth.想起记得要做某事，未做事remember doing sth.相起记得做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事welcome back欢迎回来, new term新学期 this term这学期, next term 下学学期, last term上学期, give you some advice给你一些建议 why not 为什么不, make a mistake=make mistakes犯错误correct spelling正确的拼写, what else?=what other things? 还有什么 a piece of advice 一条建议, follow /take one's advice采用别人的建议, send sth to sb.=send sb. sth. 寄给某人send for派人去请/取 send up发射. all the time一直 enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快 lots of =a lot of =many(可数)\much(不可数)许多, , spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花费时间做某事 sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事 Sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花费钱买某物 Sb. spend some money (in) buying sth.某人花费钱买某物 Cost: sth. cost sb. some money 某物花去某人钱 pay: sb. pay some money for sth. 某人支付钱 Take: It takes (took) sb.some time to do sth.做某事花去某人时间 ask for 请求，要求, ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 a piece of一块 enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事.finish,practise, mind, miss ,consider,keep, continue,这些词语后跟动名词形式V-ing place sth.in =put sth. in 把某物放在…里面

牛津英语上海版八年级下课本知识重点

U n i t 1 1 average 平均的；平均数 The average age of the students is 15. 2 item 一件物品；节目；项目 She had the most expensive item on the menu. 3 product产品[C] a product many products 区别goods, goods生来复数 4 fighter 斗士；战士--注意复数 fight-fought-fought fight against pollution对抗污染 fight for freedom为自由而战 5 fact 事实 in fact事实上；实际eg; She looks young, but in fact she is 54 years old. 6 scientist科学家—注意单复 scien ce科学scien tific科学的 7 be interested in对…感兴趣 be keen on/really like have interest in/show interest in have no interest in… in是介词;介词后面跟doing 8 suppose认为；假设；假定；推断 Eg; I suppose prices will go down. Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps.(沼泽) 9 breathe呼吸 Eg; The air was so cold that we could hardly breathe. Most people don’t realize that they are breathing polluted air. breathe in吸入 His illness is the result of breathing in harmful gases over many years. breathe out呼出 Human beings breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. brea th n. out of breath 上气不接下气 take a deep breath深呼吸 10 gas---gases 气体；气态；煤气 11 release---let…out释放 Four prisoners were released 12 produce=make 制造 13 alive活着的；健在的 be alive Lu Xun isn’t alive while Han Han is alive. 区别living; living things生物

人教版八年级下册英语知识点总结(完整版)

2014年春新人教版八年级下册英语全册短语Unit 1 What’s the m atter? 一、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one’ s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药 16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着……走22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without th inking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车 26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’ s surprise 使....... [京讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了；由于 29. in time 及时 30. save a life 挽救生命 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻；马上 33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从……出萍 35. hurt oneself 受伤 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fa ll down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽

新版牛津英语八年级下册课文知识点汇总

Unit1—unit5 课文知识点 Unit1 1. offer to do 2. during the holidays 3.suffer from 4. in need 5. voluntary work 6. ask permission 7.raise one’s spirits 8.in order to 否定形式 9.teach sb. to do 10.help sb. do sth 11.express one’s feelings 12.continue to do 13.have/ has difficulty doing 14.need to do 15. disabled children 16.Could you give me a hand? Unit2 1.body language 2.take place=happen 3.sit up 4.make a good impression on 5. walk over to 6.choose… instead of … 7.more than just 8.look down 9.make people feel welcome 10. go to sb. for help 11. decide to do 12.try doing/to do 13. at once 14.remind sb about/of sth remind +that 从句 Unit3 1 over= more than 2. fit=healthy https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8916590534.html,e sth. to do 4.be good at+doing 5.up to 6.set off 7.up and down 8.after dark 9.no more=not…any more 10.all the time 11.get sth/sb. ready for sth 12.stop sb. from doing 13.in/at front of 14.paper cutting Unit4 1.pop out 2.decide on =choose 3.play against 4.weather forecast 5.make it= succeed in doing/ be successful

牛津上海版英语八年级下册教案全集

8B Unit 1 Trees 1. pollute (v.) p ollution (n.) *Pollution has become one of the most serious problems of today’s society. *The factories aren’t allowed to let out dirty water for it may pollute the river. *Trees are thought as pollution fighters. 2. f ight(v. n.)争斗，斗争` fight (against) sb / sth fighter (n.) 斗士 3. scientist (n.)科学家science ( n.)科学 4. collect (v.)收集collection (n.) 收藏品 *He used to collect stamps when he was a young boy. *The dustmen collect the rubbish once a day. *My father usually collects me after school 5. She is interviewing Doctor Ray. interview (v. n) interviewer (n.) interviewee (n.) trainer---trainee. / emplover----employee 6. interest *He is telling a story to the children which interests them a lot. *Tom takes great interest in stamps collection. interested (a.) *be interested in +n./doing sth 7 .live (v.) 生活直播的(a.) a live football match alive (adj.) living (adj.) lively (adj.) life (n..) *When the boy was found at last .he was still alive. *We must leart a living language not adead one.

人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全

人教版最新八年级英语下册知识点全总结!Unit1 what' s the matter? 1. It’s +形容词+ for sb. + to do sth.做某事对某人来说是…的。 It’s important to do sth.做某事很重要。 It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet.平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.It’s easy to do sth.做某事是容易的。 It’s easy for us to find out the answer.找出答案对我们来说是容易的。 2.情态动词should的用法 should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。意为"应该......"。 should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。 eg. ---I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。 ---You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下，多喝水。 3. maybe与may be （1）maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：Maybe he can answer the question.也许他能回答那个问题。 He maybe is from the USA, too.他可能也来自美国。（2）may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。如： He may be from the USA, too.他可能也来自美国。 She may be our English teacher.她可能是我们的英语老师。 4. few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：

(完整版)最新人教版八年级下册英语全册知识点大全

最新人教版八年级下册英语全册知识点大全 Unit 1 重点短语: have a stomachache have a cold lie down take one’s temperature have a fever go to a doctor to one’s surprise agree to (do sth.)get into trouble be used to take risks run out (of) cut off get out of be in control of keep on ( doing sth.）give up 语言知识归纳： 1. What’s the matter (w ith you)? 此句用来询问别人的病情。类似的句子还有： What’s wrong with you?/ What’s the trouble? matter作动词用，意为“要紧”“有关系”，主要用于疑问句和否定句。 What does it matter? It doesn’t matter. 【例题】Does it ________ if we can’t finish it today? A. mind B. minds C. matter D. matters 2. I have a sore throat. have “患病”，常用“have a /an+ 名词”. have a cold have a fever have a sore back have a stomachache have a cough 【例题】( )---Does he often have ______ cold? ---Yes. He also _____a cough and a sore throat. A. a; has B. /; has C. a; have D. /; have 3.Lie down and rest! 躺下休息 lie down 躺下 4.That’s probably why. 那可能就是原因。 probably意为“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一种近乎肯定的意思。 5.hurt v.使受伤；伤害；疼痛 He hurt his leg when he fell. 他摔伤的时候伤了腿。 My feelings were hurt when he didn’t ask me to the party.他没有请我参加聚会使我很伤心。 6.The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping...公交车司机，24岁的王平…… 24-year-old 是用连字符连接数字和名词所构成的一个形容词结构，意思是“24岁的”。（名词必须用单数，常用在名词前做定语）【例题】A____girl named DongXinyi looked after her disabled father. A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. Three years old 7.expect vt. 期待；预期；期盼两者都有期待的意思look forward to doing sth.

牛津英语八年级上册知识点总结

Chapter 1 Water 1.we can’t live without (没有) /with（有）water He went away without saying goodbye. 2.two litres of water （两升水）/ three cups of coffee four pieces of paper… 3. a little oil （有一点）/ little oil（几乎没有）+ 不可数名词 a few books/ few books + 可数名词 4.too much + 不可数名词（太多）/ much too （太）+形容词 too many + 可数名词（太多） 5.boiling water （正在沸腾的水）& boiled water （开水） relaxing （令人放松的）& relaxed（人）感到放松的 6.cover A with B 用B盖住A / be covered with 被。。。覆盖 7.one third （三分之一）/ two thirds（三分之二）子基母序，分子超过一，分母加s 8.half of… 。。。的一半(主语看后面名词) 9.flow into / run into 流入。。。 10.the sun rises in the east太阳从东方升起/ raise your hand 举手 11.from A to B 从A到B 12.brush one’s teeth 刷牙 13.leave … on 让。。。处于开着的状态 14.pour into 倒入 15.turn on/ off = switch on/off 打开/ 关掉 turn up 调大/ turn down 调小 16.voice 人的声音/ noise 噪音/ sound 声音 17.look around 环顾四周 18.waste time （in）doing sth / on sth 浪费时间做某事 19.sound angry ---- look/ smell / taste / sound / feel + 形容词（比较级） be / become/ go/ get/ turn/ keep/ make +形容词（比较级） much / even / far / any / a little / a bit/ no/ still + 比较级 20.it’s easy for you to do sth 做。。。对某人是容易的 it’s kind of you you to do sth (of 对人，for 对物) arrive in/at = get to = reach 到达arrive home , get there (here,there,home 是炸弹，需把介词炸掉) 21.clean up 打扫 22.work 工作& works 工厂，著作paper 纸& papers 试卷 23.not …until 不到。。。不，直到。。。才(可满足主将从先) He won’t go home until Tom comes back. until 直到He will wait here until he comes back. 24.at the end of 在。。。的最后/ in the end 最后 by the end of直到。。。的最后 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8916590534.html,e from = be from 来自 26.in the first place / at first / in the beginning 首先 27.remember(not) to do 记得去做某事& remember doing 记得做过某事

新人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳总结

八年级英语下册知识点第1页共17 页新人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳 Unit 1 What ’s the matter? 重点短语: have a stomachache have a cold lie down take one ’s temperature have a f ever go to a doctor to one ’s surprise agree to (do sth.) get into trouble be used to take risks run out (of) cut off get out of be in control of keep on ( doing sth.） give up 语言知识归纳： 1. What ’s the matter (with you)? 此句用来询问别人的病情。类似的句子还有：What ’s wrong with you?/ What ’s the trouble?matter 作动词用，意为“要紧”“有关系”，主要用于疑问句和否定句。What does it matter? It doesn ’t matter.【例题】Does it ________ if we can ’t finish it today? A. mind B. minds C. matter D. matters 2. I have a sore throat. have “患病”，常用“have a /an+ 名词”．have a cold have a fever have a sore back have a stomachache have a cough 【例题】( )---Does he often have ______ cold? ---Yes. He also _____a cough and a sore throat. A. a; has B. /; has C. a; have D. /; have 3.Lie down and rest! 躺下休息 lie down 躺下4.That ’s probably why. 那可能就是原因。probably 意为“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一种近乎肯定的意思。5.hurt v.使受伤；伤害；疼痛 He hurt his leg when he fell. 他摔伤的时候伤了腿。My feelings were hurt when he didn ’t ask me to the party.他没有请我参加聚会使我很伤心。6.The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping...公交车司机，24岁的王平…… 24-year-old 是用连字符连接数字和名词所构成的一个形容词结构，意思是“24岁的”。（名词必须用单数，常用在名词前做定语）【例题】A____girl named DongXinyi looked after her disabled father. A. three-year-old B. three-years-old C. Three years old 7.expect vt. 期待；预期；期盼 expect 的常见用法:expect+名词/代词The old man is expecting his d aughter ’ｓ visit. expect to do sth. I expect to get a birthday present from my dad. expect sb. to do sth. Do you expect him to teach you English? 单词词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie 说谎lied lied lying lie 躺，平放 lay lain lying

八年级英语下册知识点归纳 牛津英语