2015年职称英语考试理工类A级试题及答案(代码：12) (1)

2015年职称英语考试理工类A级试题（代码：12）

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.

A. control

B. observe

C. regulate

D. accept

2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work.

A. sense

B. talent

C. flavor

D. taste

A. excuse D. destiny

4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.

A. pleased

B. powerful

C. brave

D. sensible

5. They were locked in mortal combat.

A. deadly

B. open

C. actual

D. active

A. amount

B. supply D. sum

7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent.

A. clear

B. necessary

C. special

D. correct

A. Service

B. danger D. threat

9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish.

A. survive

B. last

C. die

D. move

A. fair D. public

11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture.

A. policy

B. value C .equality D. integration

12. A salesman’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers.

A. principal

B. official

C. simple

D. legal

C .assure D. complain

14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fear

A. emotional

B. nervous

C. terrible

D. Continuous

15. The starving children were a pathetic sight.

A. common

B. unexpected

C. unforgettable

D. pitiful

第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Lack of Oxygen Delayed the Rise of Animals on Earth

Scientists have long speculated as to why animal species didn’t flourish sooner, once su fficient oxygen covered the Earth’s surface. Animals began to prosper at the end of the Proterozoic period, about 800 million years ago — but what about the billion-year stretch before that, when most researchers think there also was plenty of oxygen?

Well, it seems the air wasn’t so great then, after all.

In a study published Oct. 31 in Science, Yale researcher Noah Planavsky and his colleagues found that

oxygen levels during the “boring billion” period were only 0.1% of what they are today. In other words, Earth’s atmosphere couldn’t have supported a diversity of creatures, no matter what genetic advancements were poised to occur.

“There is no question that genetic and ecological innovation must ultimately be behind the rise of animals, but it is equally u navoidable that animals need a certain level of oxygen,” said Planavsky, co-lead author of the research along with Christopher Reinhard of the Georgia Institute of Technology. “We’re providing the first evidence that oxygen levels were low enough during this period to potentially prevent the rise of animals.”

The scientists found their evidence by analyzing chromium (Cr) isotopes in ancient sediments from China, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Chromium is found in the Earth’s continental crust, an d chromium oxidation is directly linked to the presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.

Specifically, the team studied samples deposited in shallow, iron-rich ocean areas, near the shore. They compared their data with other samples taken from younger locales known to have higher levels of oxygen.

Oxygen’s role in controlling the first appearance of animals has long vexed scientists.“We were missing the right approach until now,” Planavsky said. “Chromium gave us the proxy.” Previous estimates put the oxy gen level at 40% of today’s conditions during pre-animal times, leaving open the possibility that oxygen was already plentiful enough to support animal life.

In the new study, the researchers acknowledged that oxygen levels were “highly dynamic” in the ear ly atmosphere, with the potential for occasional spikes. However, they said, “It seems clear that there is a first-order difference in the nature of Earth surface Cr cycling” before and after the rise of animals.

“If we are right, our results will really c hange how people view the origins of animals and other complex life, and their relationships to the co-evolving environment,” said co-author Tim Lyons of the University of California-Riverside. “This could be a game changer.”

“There’s a lot of interest right now in a broader discussion surrounding the role that environmental stability played in the evolution of complex life, and we think our results are a significant contribution to that,” Reinhard said.

16. The study discovered the rise of animals occurred earlier than the Proterozoic period.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. Many researchers believe the oxygen level was high during pre-animal times.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. The team was funded by several research institutes.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Genetic advancements triggered the rise of animals.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. The samples studied in the research were collected in ocean areas.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. The study revealed that chromium found in Earth’s continental crust remained stable before and after the rise of animals.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. Tim Lyons liked to play computer games in his spare time.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23—30题，每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

First Image-recognition Software

1. Dartmouth researchers and their colleagues have created an artificial intelligence software that uses photos to locate documents on the Internet with far greater accuracy than ever before.

2. The new system, which was tested on photos and is now being applied to videos, shows for the first time that a machine learning algorithm (运算法则) for image recognition and retrieval is accurate and efficient enough to improve large-scale document searches online. The system uses pixel (像素) data in images and potentially video — rather than just text — to locate documents. It learns to recognize the pixels associated with a search phrase by studying the results from text-based image search engines. The knowledge gleaned (收集) from those results can then be applied to other photos without tags or captions (图片说明), making for more accurate document search results.

3. "Over the last 30 years," says Associate Professor Lorenzo Torresani, a co-author of the study, "the Web has evolved from a small collection of mostly text documents to a modern, massive, fast-growing multimedia data set, where nearly every page includes multiple pictures or videos. When a person looks at a Web page, he immediately gets the gist (主旨) of it by looking at the pictures in it. Yet, surprisingly, all existing popular search engines, such as Google or Bing, strip away the information contained in the photos and use exclusively the text of Web pages to perform the document retrieval. Our study is the first to show that modern machine vision systems are accurate and efficient enough to make effective use of the information contained in image pixels to improve document search."

4. The researchers designed and tested a machine vision system — a type of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn without being explicitly programmed — that extracts semantic (语义的) information from the pixels of photos in Web pages. This information is used to enrich the description of the HTML page used by search engines for document retrieval. The researchers tested their approach using more than 600 search queries (查询)on a database of 50 million Web pages. They selected the text-retrieval search engine with the best performance and modified it to make use of the additional semantic information extracted by their method from the pictures of the Web pages. They found that this produced a 30 percent

23. Paragraph 1 __F__ 24. Paragraph 2 __A __ 25. Paragraph 3 __D__ 26. Paragraph 4 __

B __

27. The new system does document retrieval by _A ___.

28. The new system is expected to improve precision in __D__.

29. When performing document retrieval the existing search engines ignore __E __

30. The new system was found more effective in document search than the _C ___

第4部分：阅读理解(第31—45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇 Face Masks May Not Protect from Super-Flu

IF a super-flu strikes, face masks may not protect you. Whether widespread use of masks will help, or harm, during the next worldwide flu outbreak is a question that researchers are studying furiously. No results have come from their mask research yet. However, the government says people should consider

wearing them in certain situations anyway, just in case.

But it’s a question the publ ic keeps asking while the government are making preparations for the next flu pandemic. So the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) came up with preliminary guidelines. “We don’t want people wearing them everywhere,” said the CDC. “The overall recommendatio n really is to avoid exposure.”

When that’s not possible, the guidelines say to consider wearing a simple surgical mask if you are in one of the three following situations. First, you’re healthy and can’t avoid going to a crowded place. Second t you’re sick and think you may have close contact with the healthy, such as a family member checking on you. Third, you live with someone who’s sick and thus might be in the early stages of infection, but still need to go out.

Influenza pandemics can strike when the easy-to-mutate flu virus shifts to a strain that people never have experienced. Scientists cannot predict when the next pandemic will arrive, although concern is rising that the Asian bird flu might trigger one if it starts spreading easily from person to person.

During the flu pandemic, you should protect yourself. Avoid crowds, and avoid close contact with the sick unless you must care for someone. Why aren’t masks added to this self-protection list? Because they can help trap virus-laden droplets flying through the air with a cough or sneeze. Simple surgical masks only filter the larger droplets. Besides, the CDC is afraid masks may create a false sense of security. Perhaps someone who should have stayed home would don an ill-fitting mask and hop on the subway instead.

Nor does flu only spread through the air. Say someone covers a sneeze with his or her hand, then touches a doorknob or subway pole. If you touch that spot next and then put germy hands on your nose or mouth, you’ve been exposed.It’s harder to rub your nose while wearing a mask and so your face may get pretty sweaty under masks. You reach under to wipe that sweat, and may transfer germs caught on the outside of the mask straight to the nose. These are the problems face masks may create for their users.

Whether people should or should not use face masks still remains a question. The general public has to wait patiently for the results of the mask research scientists are still doing.

31. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Widespread use of face masks.

B. Possibility of a worldwide flu outbreak

C. New discoveries of a face mask research.

D. Effectiveness of wearing face masks

32. The CDC suggests that people

A. stay alone when being sick.

B. wear face masks when going to a crowded place.

C. wear face masks wherever possible.

D. remain at home if l iving with someone who’s sick.

33. The word "that" in Paragraph 3 refers to

A. making preparations.

B. avoiding exposure

C. coming up with guidelines.

D. wearing face masks everywhere.

34. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Scientists warn the next flu is coming soon.

B. Asian bird flu is spreading easily from person to person.

C. Masks protect people because they keep viruses away.

D. Masks are not effective if a flu strikes.

35. One of the concerns the CDC has is that

A .masks may give people a wrong assumption of being safe. B. the sick may not wear masks and go out.

C. flu virus may spread via public transportation.

D. healthy people may not know how to protect themselves.

第二篇What’s killing the Bats

First it was bees. Now it is bats. Biologists in America are working hard to discover the cause of the mysterious deaths of tens of thousands of bats in the northeastern part of the country. Most of the bats affected are the common little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus,) but other species, such as the long-eared bat, the small-footed hat, the eastern pipistrelle, and the Indiana bat have also been affected. In some caves,

more than 90 percent of the bat populations have died.

One possibility is disease. A white fungus (真菌）known as fusarium has been found on the noses of both living and dead bats. However, scientists don't know If the fungus is the primary cause of death, a secondary cause of death, or not a cause at all, but the result of some other conditions.

Another possible cause is a lack of food. For example, bats typically eat a large number of moths (蛾), and in some states such as New York, the number of moths has been declining in recent years. If bats can’t eat enough food, they starve to death.

Still other scientists believe that global warming is to blame. Warmer temperatures in recent years have been waking up hibernating (冬眠）bats earlier than usual. If bats break their hibernation at the wrong time, they might not find their expected food sources. The weather might also turn cold again and weaken or kill the bats.

Scientists might not agree on the causes of the bat die-off, but they do agree on the consequences. Bats are an important predator of mosquitoes; a single brown bat can eat 1,000 or more insects in an hour. They also eat beetles and other insects that damage plant crops. If there aren't enough bats, damage will be great from the insects they eat While bats live a long time for their size 一the little brown bat can live for more than 30 years 一a female bat has only one baby per year, so bat populations grow slowly. Many bat species in the United States are already protected or endangered.

How can you help? Do not disturb sleeping or nesting bats. If you discover bate that seem to be sick or that are dead, contact your local Fish& Wildlife Department with the details. However, be careful not to touch the animals.

36. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. All species of bats in North America are dying.

B. Scientists already know the cause of the deaths of bats

C. The bat deaths are a serious problem.

D. There are many possible causes of the deaths of bats.

37. What does the first sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?

A. Bees have been dying mysteriously.

B. The first article on the website is about bees.

C. Bees usually die before bats.

D. It was bees that caused the deaths of bats.

38. The word “pipistrelle" in Paragraph 1 refers to

A. a kind of fungus.

B. an area in the U.S.

C. a special cave.

D. a kind of bat.

39. The "moths" in Paragraph 3 are taken as an example of

A. diseases that kill bats.

B. Insects that bats eat.

C. animals that have diseases.

D. bat species that are starving to death.

40. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?

A. To get people to stop killing bats.

B. To hire workers for the Fish & Wildlife Department.

C. To ask people not to touch dead bats.

D. To tell the public how to help bats.

第三篇Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat, More Light

Solar photovoltaic thermal energy systems, or PVTs, generate both heat and electricity, but until now they haven’t been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-alone solar thermal collector. That’s because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline silicon solar cells, which lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn’t a very efficient way to gather heat.

That’s a problem of economics. Good solar hot-water systems can harvest much more energy than a solar-electric system at a substantially lower cost. And it’s also a space problem：photovoltaic cells can take up all the space on the roof, leaving little room for thermal applications.

In a pair of studies, Joshua Pearce, an associate professor of materials science and engineering, has

devised a solution in the form of a better PVT made with a different kind of silicon. His research collaborators are Kunal Girotra from ThinSilicon in California and Michael Pathak and Stephen Harrison from Queen’s University, Canada.

Most solar panels are made with crystalline silicon，but you can also make solar cells out of amorphous silicon, commonly known as thin-film silicon. They don’t create as much electricity, but they are lighter, flexible, and cheaper. And, because they require much less silicon, they have a greener footprint. Unfortunately，thin-film silicon solar cells are vulnerable to some bad-news physics in the form of the Staebler-Wronski effect.

“That means that their efficiency drops when you expose them to light —pretty much the worst possible effect for a solar cell,” Pearce explains，which is one of the reasons thin-film solar panels make up only a small fraction of the market.

However, Pearce and his team found a way to engineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect by incorporating thin-film silicon in a new type of PVT. You don’t have to cool down thin-film silicon to make it work. In fact，Pearce’s group discovered that by heating it to solar-thermal operating temperatures，near the boiling point of water, they could make thicker cells that largely overcame the Staebler-Wronski effect. When they applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy collector, they also found that by baking the cell once a day，they boosted the solar cell’s electrical efficiency by over 10 percent.

41. PVTs are not efficient in

A. creating electricity.

B. cooling silicon solar cells.

C. generating heat.

D. powering solar thermal collectors.

42. One of the problems PVTs have is that

A. their thermal applications are costly.

B. they are too expensive to afford.

C. they occupy too much space.

D. it is hard to fix them on the roof.

43. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advantage of thin-film silicon solar cells?

A. They are electrically efficient.

B. They are less expensive.

C. They are flexible.

D. They are environment friendly.

44. Thin-film solar panels do not sell well on market because

A. their advantages are not well-recognized.

B. they do not work well if exposed to light.

C. they need improving in appearance.

D. they are not advertised.

45 Which of the following statements is true?

A. Thin-film silicon's electrical efficiency improves when heated up.

B. New techniques have been developed to produce thin-film silicon.

C.Thin-film silicon works efficiently at low temperature.

D. A new material enlarging the Staebler-WronsKi effect has been created.

第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Gorillas have a word for it

Koko is the first gorilla to have been taught sign language (a way of communicating by using hands and fingers rather than speech). With a vocabulary of more than1000 words, she is the first to prove we share a world with other intelligent beings who feel emotions, look forward to celebrations and also have a sense of humour.

The 30-year study of Koko has redefined science's concept of gorilla intelligence. 46. According to some scientists, genetically there is only a 2% difference between gorillas and humans: we share the same blood type, have the same number of hairs per square inch and also the same temperament. But what had not been recognised by the scientific community was that gorillas have the ability to learn a language and

have complex emotions.

Koko lives in the Santa Cruz mountains in North America, in a wooded spot overlooking a valley. 47. She has her own home, with curtains, and a nest of blankets, which is her bed, in one corner. She has a barrel on which she likes to sit when 'talking' to humans - gorillas feel more secure when they can look down on others - while her toys are spread everywhere. In addition she has an outside enclosure where she spends her days when it is not raining.

It is her conversations with her teacher, Dr Penny Patterson, that are inspiring. Penny explains: ‘The reality of my discovery is that our abilities as humans, our skills, sensibilities and emotions are very similar to the great apes. 48. What we have learnt is that gorillas are more complex than we ever imagined.

When she began teaching Koko sign language, placing the little fingers of the one-year-old gorilla into the correct positions for 'drink', 'eat', 'more', and rewarding her with food, Dr Patterson had no idea how quickly Koko would learn. “At first, it seemed Koko was using sign language as a tool to get something,”says Patterson. 'It became the kind of reward system that you could expect of a cat or a dog. But early in her training, she beg an to combine signs that made me think she was capable of more.’ 49. Now Koko is so proficient in sign language that if she doesn't know a word she invents one. For example, she didn't know the word for 'ring', so she combined the signs for ‘finger’ and 'bracelet' to express it.

Dr Patterson continues: ‘Koko loves babies and young people. And when she is asked what gorillas like best, she always says "Gorilla love eat, good’’.' One of Patterson's favourite stories demonstrates Koko's sense of humour. 50. When a visitor asked her to show him something scary, she held up a mirror to his face!

From the age of three, Koko shared her accommodation with Michael who was intended as a mate. However, Michael died suddenly two years ago of a heart attack. ‘Koko went into a depression following Michael's death,’ says Patterson. “She would sit for hours with h er head hung low looking upset.”

Dr Patterson asked her if she was looking forward to moving to Hawaii, where Patterson is raising money to build a gorilla refuge. Koko signed “Yes”, provided she could have curtains in her new home!

A. When a visitor asked her to show him something scary, she held up a mirror to his face!

B. ？

C. According to some scientists, genetically there is only a 2% difference between gorillas and humans: we share the same blood type, have the same number of hairs per square inch and also the same temperament.

D. She has her own home, with curtains, and a nest of blankets, which is her bed, in one corner.

E. What we have learnt is that gorillas are more complex than we ever imagined.

F. Now Koko is so proficient in sign language that if she doesn't know a word she invents one.

第6部分：完型填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Robotic Highway Cones

A University of Nebraska professor has developed robotic cones and barrels. These robotic cones and barrels can move out of the way, or into place, from computer commands made miles away. They can even be programmed to move on their own at any particular part of the day, said Shane Farritor, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Nebraska.

For example, if workers arrived at 6 am, the cones could move from the side of the highway to block off the lane at that time. And they can return to the original place at the end of the day. “It just seems like a very good application for robots.” Farritor said. “The robotic cones would also help remove people from hazardous jobs on the highway putting barrels and cones into place,” Farritor said in a report on his creation.

Work on the idea began in 2002 using a National Academy of Sciences grant. The fund allowed

Farritor to work on the project with graduate students at Nebraska and his assistant Steve Goddard.

The robots are placed at the bottom of the cones and barrels and are small enough not to greatly change the appearance of the construction aides. “It would look exactly the same,” Farritor said. “Normally there’s a kin d of rubbery, black base to them. We replace that with a robot.”

Farritor has talked with officials from the Nebraska Department of Roads about how the robots would be most useful to what they might need.

The robots could come in handy following a slow-moving maintenance operation, like painting a stripe on a road or moving asphalt, where now the barrels have to be picked up and moved as the operation proceeds. “That way you don’t have to block off a 10-mile strip for the operation,” Farritor said.

While prototypes have been made, they are not in use anywhere. Farritor said he has applied for a patent and is considering what to do next. He is thinking about starting a small business. He is also thinking about marketing the robots to roads departments and others across the country who may benefit from them.

51. A. work B place C. order D. action

52. A. block B cut C. set D. turn

53. A. clean B. important C. entire D. original

54. A. employ B. observe C. remove D. instruct

55. A. idea B. report C. demand D. fund

56. A. helpful B. beautiful C. small D. huge

57. A. Kindly B. Normally C. Greatly D. Strangely

58. A. at B. on C. in D. with

59. A. related B. typical C. useful D. visible

60. A. why B. where C. when D. what

61. A. proceeds B. functions . finishes D. improves

62. A. If B. While C. Since D. Because

63. A. applied B. asked C. called D. argued

64. A. saving B .marketing C. moving D. devising

65. A. benefit B. protect C. learn D. inspire

答案：

1—15：DBCCA CACCC DABDD

16—22：BACBABC

23—30：FADB ADEC

31—45：DBBDA DADBD CCABA

46—50：CDEFA

51—65：BADCD CBDCB ABABA

中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题(五)

中石油职称英语考试模拟试题(五) I. Vocabulary 1. He is a man you can rely on. He never goes back on his __. A. word B. words C. permission D. saying 2. After second thought, she ___a better solution. A. came up with B. added up to C. put up with D. made up for 3. The club has___ a new rule allowing women to join. A. brought forth B. associated with C. turned over D. laid down 4. The performance will begin __ at eight thirty. A. precisely B. consequently C. accordingly D. exceedingly 5. It's very discourteous to __ during some one's conversation. A. inspect B. interrupt C. interfere D. instruct 6. His joke went too far. It was more than 1 could __. A. get rid of B. put up with C. keep up with D. do away with 7. Will all those ___the proposal raise their hands? A. in relation to B. in excess of C. in contrast to D. in favor of 8. At the gathering, he talked __ about the matter, dampening everyone’s spirits. A. in detail B. with ease C. on end D. in a confusing way 9. We cannot always ___the wind, so new windmills should be so designed that they can also be driven by water. A. hang on B. count on C. hold on D. come on 10. I don't want to___ you in if you are what you say.

2015职称英语考试真题及答案(理工类B级)

2015年职称英语理工类B级考试真题 第一部分：词汇选项 1.The organization was bold enough to face the press. A.pleased B.powerful C.brave D.sensible 参考答案：C 2.I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A.accept B.control C.observe D.regulate 参考答案：A 3.I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A.limit B.fear C.power D.fool 参考答案：B 4.Most people find rejection hard to accept. A.excuse B.client C.destiny D.refusal 参考答案：D 5.She's extremely competent and industrious. A.hardworking B.honest C.objective D.independent 参考答案：A 6.The doctors did not reveal the truth to him. A.hide B.handle C.disclose D.establish 参考答案：C 7.He tried to assemble his thoughts. A.clear B.share C.gather D.spare 参考答案：C

8.The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A.message B.punishment C.guilt D.obligation 参考答案：B 9.Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions. A.flexible B.terrible C.reasonable D.serious 参考答案：B 10.These products are inferior to those we brought last year. A.poorer than B.narrower than https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8f3015009.html,rger than D.richer than 参考答案：A 11.The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly. A.improved B.changed C.worsened D.developed 参考答案：C 12.There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building. A.coexisting B.fair C.full D.pubic 参考答案：A 13.They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport. A.requesting B.planning C.preparing D.looking 参考答案：A 14.He said some harsh words about his brother. A.unkind B.proper C.normal D.unclear 参考答案：A 15.We were attracted by the lure of quick money. A.amount

2005-2010中石油职称英语考试真题词汇汇编

05 I. Vocabulary(20 points) 1.Within days he became paralyzed, and people feared that he might die. But he _________. a. absorbed b. dissolved c. discovered d. recovered 2. Tilden, the other presidential ______, actually received more votes. a. advocate b. candidate c. sponsor d. opponent 3. An Olympic runner wins a _______. a. medal b. model c. modle d. modest 4. To find out how the bees managed to tell time, an unusual experiment was _______ four years ago. a. carried on b. carried away c. carried out d. carried out 5. Every society has its own peculiar custom and _____ of acting. a. ways b. behavior c. attitude d. means 6. They ______ their knowledge in the exploding world of ideas. a. modernize b. supply c. update d. upgrade 7. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ______ in a quiet neighborhood. a. all in all b. above all c. after all d over all 8. It’s difficult to divine what constitutes an ______ tip in any country. a. appropriate b. thoughtful c. considerable d. sufficient 9. Shipbuilders would not _____ their money unless they knew that they could make a profit. a. invest b. invent d. involve d. invite 10. At the end of four years, these six extra hours of each year ____ twenty-four hours, or one full day. a. add up to b. make up for c. come up with d. put up with 11. Don’t ______ this news to the public until we give you the go-head. a. release b. relieve c. relate d. retain 12. Earth is one of nine planets which ______ around the sun. a. spin b. roll c. rotate d. revolve 13. “No sense in you getting us both killed!” I yelled _____ him. a. at b. with c. to d. out 14. What you have done is ______ doctor’s orders. a. attached to b. responsible to c. resistant to d. contrary to 15. I want to express the _____ of all of us, for this wonderfully warm welcome. a. appreciation b. enjoyment d. evaluation d. reputation 16. We hire and ______ people mainly for their ability to do business. a. proceed b. progress c. promise d. promote 17. According to government mandate in the Lion City, tipping is not ______. a. admitted b. remitted c. permitted d. emitted 18. The environmental costs were regarded more as temporary inconveniences than as _____ liability. a. imaginative b. peculiar c. persistent d. original

2019年全国职称英语等级考试大纲

2019年全国职称英语等级考试大纲 2017年全国职称英语等级考试大纲 一、概述 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由国家人事部组织实施的 一项外语考试。本考试遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步 提升”的原则，根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专 业技术人员掌握和使用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别专业技术职 务的人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分三个专业类别：综合类、理工类和卫生类，每个专业类别的考试各分A、B、C三个等级。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试于每年4月份举行。A、B、 C三个等级考试的总分各为100分，考试时间均为2小时。 二、评价目标 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解 水平。考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000 词左右的阅读任务，并能准确理解所读材料的内容;申报B级的人员在 2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能准确理解所读材料的内容;申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能 准确理解所读材料的内容。

为达到上述目标，考试对应试者的英语汇量、语法知识和阅读理 解水平分别提出如下要求： (一)词汇量 考试所涉及的词汇和短语主要依据本大纲所附词汇表。对申报不 同级别的应试者 要求认知的词汇量不等： 1. 申报A级的人员应认知6000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语; 2. 申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语; 3. 申报C级的人员应认知4000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语。 (二)语法知识 考试不直接对应试者所掌握的语法知识实行考查，但应试者必须 掌握基本的语法 知识，主要包括： 1. 英语句子的基本语序及其意义; 2. 英语句子的结构和常用句型; 3. 各种时、体的形式及其意义; 4. 各种从句的构成及其意义; 5. 句子中词语的所指、省略、替代、重复，以及句子之间的意 义关系等。 (三)阅读理解水平

职称英语考试最后30天

页眉内容 职称英语考试已经进入了最后30天的倒计时阶段，这会儿考生通常会感到压力倍增,有的考生甚至会陷入迷茫或是感到慌乱，不知道这一个月该如何好好利用，才能达到临阵磨枪、事半功倍的效果。英文有句谚语，叫More haste, less speed，即“欲速则不达”，考生在积极备考的同时，重点要掌握复习技巧和乐观心态俗称“HOLD住”。 一、词汇 职称英语考试允许考生携带词典进入考场，网球网校职称英语名师幺建华老师建议大家查词速度应保证在3-6个/分钟，切记要反、正查，从而保证词汇的正确率，对查字典的过程要做到熟能生巧，这样这可在考场提高速度、节省时间，这样词汇选项的15分，至少可以取得12分。 二、常用词组及句型 我们在强化阶段应该注意对平时阅读中出现的固定搭配与词组进行搜集、积累与记忆,建议记在固定一个本上，每天利用一些零散时间去学习、观察、记忆。 三、教材、新增文章 根据出题规律，教材新增文章在考试中出现的几率相对较大，在复习教材时，要注意先以复习本类别本级别的新增文章为主，然后再看本类别其他级别的新增文章。例如考综合A 的考生，可以先看综合A的新增文章，然后再看综合类B级和C级的新增文章。 四、“历年真题”和”模拟试题” 在考试前的最后20天里，可以从”历年考试真题”和模拟试题”中选出自己类别、级别的试卷按真正考试的做题顺序、做题时间、做题技巧和基本得分试题的解题方法，卡表试做、演练，多走几遍程序，直到熟练应对。 五、及时做总结 有的考生练习做了不少，但是水平提高不多。究其原因，主要是缺少了总结这一环节。正所谓“学而不思则罔”。只练习不总结就是缺少了更高层次的思考，所以要找出自己的不足在哪里，并要有针对性地加以改正。重要的一点是在复习冲刺阶段就不要过多地抠偏题难题，要注意知识之间的联系，避免孤立地强记硬背。注重基础知识与实战练习的结合,达到掌握知识的目的。 注:分数比例大的题型可多花时间着重复习!复习充分全面，就会增强自信，减轻焦虑心理。 页脚内容1

职称英语历年真题及答案

全国职称英语考试历年真题及答案 理工类-A级 2003-2010 目录 1.2003年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (2) 2.2004年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (16) 3.2005年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (35) 4.2006年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (54) 5.2007年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (68) 6.2008年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (76) 7.2009年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (89) 8.2010年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (102)

2003年职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题及答案第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively. A explained B invented C considered D accepted 2. He talks tough but has a tender heart. A heavy B strong C kind D wild 3. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A making B taking C discussing D expecting 4. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. A waste B buy C use D sell 5. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. A function B ability C power D volume 6. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. A tensely B nearly C carefully D closely 7. Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. A supported B excited C inspired D directed

2015年职称英语考试综合类B级试题及参考答案

2015职称英语综合类B级真题答案(词汇选项) 第1部分词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D .sensible 2. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. accept B. control C. observe D. regulate 3. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A limit B. fear C. power D. fool 4. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. destiny D. refusal 5. She's extremely competent and industrious. A. hardworking B. honest C. objective D. independent 6. The doctors did not reveal the truth to him. A. hide B .handle C. disclose D. establish 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. clear B. share C. gather D. spare 8. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. punishment C. guilt D. obligation 9. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions. A. flexible B. terrible C. reasonable D. serious

2015年广东省职称英语考试时间及相关事项

2015年广东省职称英语考试时间及相关事项 天宇考王卫生技术资格题库是一款上级练习题库软件，有单机版、网页版和手机版，打造三位一体的学习模式。 根据人力资源和社会保障部人事考试中心《关于做好2015年度全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试考务工作的通知》（人考中心函〔2014〕56号），现就广东省考试有关事项通知如下： 一、考试时间 2015年3月28日上午9:00—11:00。 二、考试地点 省直和各地级以上市设置考区，其中全省日语语种考试的考区均设在省直。考试详细地址以准考证标注为准。 三、考试语种、专业和等级 考试设6个语种，分别为英语、日语、俄语、德语、法语和西班牙语。每个语种分为A级、B级、C级3个级别，其中英语每个级别分设综合、理工、卫生3个专业，其他语种不分设专业。 根据《关于调整完善我省职称外语政策的通知》（粤人发〔2007〕120号），考试等级划分及适用范围如下： 考试等级 A B C 适用范围 高教、科研、卫 生、工程系列中申 报高级专业技术 资格或其它系列 中申报正高级专 业技术资格者。 ⒈卫生系列中在 县及县级以下所 属单位工作的专 业人员申报高级 专业技术资格者。 ⒉高教、科研、卫 生、工程系列中申 报中级专业技术 资格者。 ⒊其他系列申报 副高级（不分正副 高级）专业技术资 格者。 ⒈卫生系列中在 县及县以下所属 单位工作的专业 人员申报中级专 业技术资格者。 2.其它系列申报 中级专业技术资 格。

注：表中“县及县以下所属单位专业人员”是指考生工作单位所在地属县或县以下管辖（不含区，但含行政区辖的乡镇单位）。 四、报考流程 本次考试实行全国统一网上报名。考生网上报名地址为：中国人事考试网 网上信息填报和网上缴费时间：2014年12月8日9:00-2015年1月19日17:00。考试收费标准按照广东省物价局《关于调整职称考试收费标准的复函》（粤价函〔2001〕237号）规定，考务费按每人60元收取。 报名流程如下： 1.用户注册和填报信息。首次登陆报名网站的考生请按网站要求进行注册（联系电话必须为本人，以便及时接收信息）。已完成注册的考生请直接登陆系统填写报考信息。属于省直或省属单位（单位名称冠“广东省”或在省或国家工商行政管理局注册企业）、中央驻穗单位、驻穗部队单位人员，在网上报名时请选择省直。各市市属单位人员请按属地原则，选择所属地市。 2.上传照片。从2015年起，考生不需提交纸质照片。考生在报名网站注册上传的电子照片务必真实，此照片供制作准考证和成绩通知书使用，一经上传不得修改，请考生确认后再上传。 考生在注册上传照片前，必须预先使用证件照片审核处理工具软件进行照片审核处理，只有通过审核处理后新生成的报名照片才能被报名系统识别。请务必在报名网站下载该软件，并使用该软件自行对上传的报名照片进行预先处理。照片要求：本人近半年来免冠大一寸正面证件照片，红、蓝或白色背景，JPG或JPEG 格式（文件大于30K，像素大于300*215）。 3.报名信息确认。考生填报信息、上传照片后进行报名信息确认，并下载打印《2015年度全国职称外语等级统一考试报名表》（以下简称《报名表》）。考生在点击报名信息确认前，务必认真核对个人信息，一旦确认将不能修改。报名结束后系统不再支持《报名表》下载和打印。 4.广东省统一实行网上缴费，缴费成功即完成报名，考后不需提交报考材料。逾期不缴费，视为放弃报名。 5.报名结束后，考生应及时将《报名表》交所在单位人事部门审核、盖章后自行留存。 五、考试 （一）网上缴费成功的考生可于 2015年3月23日 9:00-3月27日 17:00登陆中国人事考试网下载并打印准考证。考试时考生必须携带本人有效居民身份证原件、准考证参加考试，两证缺一不可。 本次考试全省统一实行“裸考”，即考试用具由考点统一提供，考生只需携带有效居民身份证原件、准考证、一本正式出版的通用外语词典（词典必须具有ISBN 国际标准书号，不得携带复印件、电子词典以及专门为职称外语考试编写的词典）。严禁携带手表、手机、耳机、笔、橡皮、削笔刀等物品进入考室、考座（考试规则以准考证标注为准）。 （二）考试期间，考生不得提前交卷、退场。

2003年至2010年职称英语考试综合类B级历年真题

2010年全国职称英语综合类（B级）考试真题及答案第一部分：词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分。共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1．Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment． A．doubt B．anger C．love D．surprise 2．I want to provide my boys with a decent education. A．speeial B．private C．good D．general 3．Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. A．polite B．similar C．usual D．bad 4．There was a profound silence after his remark. A．short B．deep C．proud D．sudden 5．The document was compiled by the Department of Health. A．printed B．attached C．written

6．In the process，the light energy converts to heat energy. A．change B．reduces C．leaves D．drops 7．Many cities have restricted smoking in public places. A．limited B．allowed C．stopped D．kept 8．The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village. A．killed B．jailed C．caught D．found 9．If we leave now，we should miss the traffic． A．mix B．avoid C．direct D．stop 10．What are my chances of promotion if I stay here? A．advancement B．replacement C．retirement D．adveaisement 11．We've seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues．A．great

2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案

2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案第一部分：词汇选项 1. The weather last summer was awful. A. bad B. fair C. dry D. hot 参考答案：A 2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. guilt C. obligation D. punishment 参考答案：D 3. My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher. A. definitely B. generally C. certainly D. greatly 参考答案：D 4. There is a need for radical changes in education.

A. revolutionary B. long-term C. short-term D. systematic 参考答案：A 5. It frustrates me that I‘m not able to put any of my ideas into practice. A. discourages B. shows C. surprises D. frightens 参考答案：A 6. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A. limit B. fear C. power D. fool 参考答案：B 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. gather B. clear C. share D. spare

2016年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲

2016年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲 职称英语考试大纲是由人力资源和社会保障部统一公布的。职称英语考试内容与试卷结构：A.B.C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型一样、题量相同，但不同级别考试总的阅读量及难易程度不同。考试主要考查应试者理解书面英语的能力。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲 一、概述 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由人力资源和社会保障部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。本考试遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和使用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别专业技术职务的人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分三个专业类别：综合类、理工类和卫生类，每个专业类别的考试各分A.B.C三个等级。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试于每年4月份举行。A.B.C三个等级考试的总分各为100分，考试时间均为2小时。 二、评价目标 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解能力。考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报B级的人员在2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容。 为达到上述目标，考试对应试者的英语汇量、语法知识和阅读理解能力分别提出如下要求： （一）词汇量 考试所涉及的词汇和短语主要依据本大纲所附词汇表。对申报不同级别的应试者要求认知的词汇量不等： 1. 申报A级的人员应认知6000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语； 2. 申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语； 3. 申报C级的人员应认知4000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语。 （二）语法知识

2015职称英语等级考试综合(C级)试题及答案

2015职称英语综合类C真题及答案(完整版)第1部分：词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词语或短语画有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 Railways are the most important mode of transport for the economy. A way B factor C objective D source 2 The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A message B punishment C guilt D obligation 3 He said some harsh words about his brother. A proper B normal C unclear D unkind 4 I am going as a favor to Ann because I have to. A partner B help C drive D guide 5 We need to identify the potential problem. A man B possible C immediate D common 6 When did you first encounter these difficulties? A create B experience C present D resolve 7 Don’ｔ tempt thieves by leaving valuable clearly visible. A attract B alarm C catch D spot 8 There is a need for radical changes in education.

2010年全国职称英语综合类(B级)真题及答案

2010年全国职称英语综合类（B级）考试真题及答案 第一部分：词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分。共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1．Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment． A．doubt B．anger C．love D．surprise 2．I want to provide my boys with a decent education. A．speeial B．private C．good D．general 3．Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. A．polite B．similar C．usual D．bad 4．There was a profound silence after his remark. A．short B．deep C．proud D．sudden

5．The document was compiled by the Department of Health. A．printed B．attached C．written D．sent 6．In the process，the light energy converts to heat energy. A．change B．reduces C．leaves D．drops 7．Many cities have restricted smoking in public places. A．limited B．allowed C．stopped D．kept 8．The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village. A．killed B．jailed C．caught D．found 9．If we leave now，we should miss the traffic． A．mix B．avoid C．direct

2021年职称英语考试重点及内容

职称英语考试重点及内容 考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容;申报B级的人员在2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容;申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容。为达到上述目标，考试对应试者的英语汇量、语法知识和阅读理解能力分别提出如下要求： (一)词汇量考试所涉及的词汇和短语主要依据本大纲所附词汇表。对申报不同级别的应试者要求认知的词汇量不等： 1.申报A级的人员应认知6000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语; 2.申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语; 1.英语句子的基本语序及其意义; 2.英语句子的结构和常用句型; 3.各种时、体的形式及其意义; 4.各种从句的构成及其意义;

5.句子中词语的`所指、省略、替代、重复，以及句子之间的意义关系等。 (三)阅读理解能力应试者应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解专业的或一般内容的英语书面材料。阅读能力主要包括以下几个方面： 1.掌握所读材料的主旨和大意; 2.了解阐述主旨的事实和细节; 3.利用上下文猜测某些词汇和短语的意义; 4.既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的意义关系; 5.根据所读材料进行判断和推论; 6.领会 ___的观点、意图和态度。 A、B、C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型一样、题量相同，但不同级别考试总的阅读量及难易程度不同。考试主要考查应试者理解书面英语的能力。第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

2015年职称英语考试报名流程详细说明

2015年职称英语考试报名流程详细说明 初次参加职称英语考试的考生对于网上报名的流程，并没有一个清晰的轮廓，考试吧职称英语考试频道提供网上报名流程示意，解决考生在报名过程中的疑问。(如有出入，请以官方信息为准) 一、职称英语报名流程图 第一步：阅读报名文件查看报考条件 凡晋升、聘任专业技术职务，其级别属专业技术职务试行条例中规定需具备一定外语水平的专业技术人员，及过去参加国家统一的中级专业技术资格考试(会计师、经济师、统计师、审计师)，成绩合格，搜提示您:已取得专业技术资格的专业技术人员应参加职称外语等级考试。但对1977年全国恢复高考前入学的大、中专毕业生，现从事图书资料……第二步：登录报名系统填写个人信息 特别提醒： (1)、照片处理技巧 照片规格：358*441，彩色处理方法：从开始菜单打开Windows自带的画图软件，从文件菜单打开照片… (2)、报名照片要求 1）、职称英语报名照片背景必须无任何装饰，背景色用白色或蓝色或红色; 2）、照片必须是近期相片，显示头部的正面，并且不能佩戴帽饰。 3）、照片文件类型为jpg或gif，大小不能大于2m。必须是相机拍摄的相片，扫描的相片禁用。 4）、照片尺寸规格：分辨率不小于72pixels/inch长580px宽420px。 各位考生请注意，上述照片格式是职称英语网上报名电子照片的格式，而现场报名或现场确认要用到的照片为1寸证件照。 (3)、报考类别选择

综合类，理工类，卫生类考试原则上没有严格的界限。国家在每位考生评定职称的时候，到底要求是理工类成绩，卫生类成绩，基本上国家还没有明确规定。如:你评定主任医师，卫生类职称，你可以考综合类，也可以考卫生类。 选择依据： 1.根据单位的要求选择。 2.根据个人的自身情况选择，如果工作中接触理工类文章较多，那就报理工类。反之，则报综合类。 (3)、级别选择 根据所报考的级别不通，所申报的职称也是有区别的，以下是全国职称外语等级考试级别划分及适用范围，请大家根据自己的职称英语要求选择报考。

2010年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案

2010年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案 I. Vocabulary Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. 1. It is possible to predict how much energy and water a building will consume, how much _______ will be needed. A. matter B. things C. material D. substance 2. They found that the positive thinkers sold 37 percent more insurance than did the_______ thinkers. A. negative B. positive C. active D. passive 3. In labs around the world, bad bugs are undergoing the ultimate rehabilitation, being _______ from life-threatening viruses and bacteria into lifesaving therapeutic agents. A. translated B. transported C. transformed D. transmitted 4. The fresh air is sometimes humid from the _______rainfall of this area. A. numerous B. abundant C. plenty D. substantive 5. We know that many animals _______ the deep seas at pressures of 15,000 pounds per square inch. A. live on B. live in C. live through D. live up to 6. Speakers and writers of the Germanic languages _______for a great deal of the world's output in everything from economics to literature to military to science and technology. A. account B. allow C. apply D. arrange 7. _______of the great state of Illinois, let me express my deepest gratitude for the privilege of addressing this convention. A. On account B. In honor C. In place D. On behalf 8. The companies that are finding ways to hang on to their older workers _______ from an intangible commodity: wisdom. A. obtain B. earn C. develop D. benefit 9. I raced to_______ Jill. A. keep on B. keep up with C. come up with D. come up to 10. Managers need to monitor inflation trends so they can make good _______.