高中英语必修五 Unit5 整套学案 (词汇+语法+练习)及详解答案

Book 5 Unit 5 First aid

学案一（词汇课）

日期__________________________ 学案数______________________

课时__________________________ 课型________________________

教学目标

知识目标：掌握以下重点词汇及短语的意思及用法。

能力目标：1.在具体语境中识别和运用重点词汇及短语。

2. 能够用重点词汇及短语造简单的句子。

情感目标：学生在词汇的理解、记忆、学习过程中，培养他们的合作学习能力

教学重难点

重点：学生能在具体的语境中识别和运用重点词汇及短语。

难点：学生可以使用重点词汇造句。

1．_________ n．&vt. 援助；资助；救助

__________________ 急救

give/do/offer first aid to sb.对某人进行急救

with the aid/help/assistance of... 在……的帮助下

aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事

aid sb. in/with... 为/用……帮助某人

[即学即练1](1) They ______ the poor country ______ money.他们用钱帮助那个穷国。

(2)His workmates ______ him ____________ the difficulty.他的工友们帮助他克服了困难。

2．_____________ v．(使)膨胀；增长(_________, ___________)n．涌浪；海浪的涌动___________ adj.肿胀的

swell(sth.) into/to sth.(使某物)膨胀，肿胀，增强，增多

swell(sth.) with pride/anger etc.洋洋得意/怒气冲冲等

[即学即练2](1)A small business ____________ a big company.小商店发展成大公司。

(2)Her heart __________________ as she watched her son receiving his award.看着儿子领奖时，她心中充满了自豪。

3．____________ vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨

_____________________ 榨出；挤出

squeeze...out of/from...把……从……中榨出来

squeeze into/through...挤进……

[即学即练3](1)Must you _________ the toothpaste tube in the middle？你非得从中间挤牙膏吗？

(2)Try to ________ a bit more ____________ the tube.尽量从管里再挤出一点儿。

(3)Five of us ____________ the back seat of the car.我们中有5个人挤进了汽车的后座。

4．treat vt. __________________ n．_______________

treat...as/like 把……当做treat sb./oneself(to sth.)请客吃……

be one’s treat由/该某人请客

It’s my treat ___________________

[即学即练4](1)They ______ me ______ one of the family, which was very kind of them.他们把我作为一个家庭成员来对待，他们真是太好了。

(2)He is seriously ill, and __________________in hospital now.他病得很重，现在在医院接受治疗。

(3)We’ll ______ you ______ dinner.我们请你吃饭。

(4)__________________. What would you like to eat?我请客，你们想吃什么？

5．_________ vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效

apply to适用于

apply...to...把……应用到

apply to sb. for...向某人申请……

apply oneself to(doing) sth.专注于；专心做某事

[即学即练5](1)What you said doesn’t ____________ me.你所说的并不适合我。

(2)He __________________ learning English.他专心学英语。

6．_______________ 生病

fall __________ 睡着，入睡

fall __________ (竞赛等)落在(对方)后面；输给别人

fall apart 土崩瓦解；(关系)崩裂，崩溃

fall __________ 从……落下；倒下；跌倒；(建筑物等)倒塌；(计划等)失败

fall __________ 下降；跌落

fall over 跌倒

[即学即练6](1)Caught in a heavy rain, he ____________ and died.淋了大雨，他生了一场病就死了。

(2)Work hard, or we will ____________.努力学习，否则我们就会落后。

(3)He ____________ his bike while riding.他骑车时从自行车上摔了下来。

7．____________ 在适当的位置；适当

out of place ___________________

in the first place ________________

in the next place ____________________

in place of..._________________

take the place of... ____________________

take one‘s place _____________________

take place _______________

give place to __________________

[即学即练7](1) Her dress was quite ____________ at the ceremony.在那个典礼上她的服装非常得体。

(2)I felt completely __________________ among all those smart rich people.在那些衣冠楚楚的富人中间，我觉得自己完全格格不入。

(3)__________________ for the next dance.各就各位，准备跳下一个舞。

8．put one’s hands on＝lay/get one’s hands on ________________

______________ 在手边；即将来到

______________ 用手做，靠手工

from hand to hand 从一人手中传到另一人手中

_____________________ 手拉手，共同地

_____________________ 在手里；在掌握中，在控制下

_____________________ 携手，联手

_____________________ , _____________________ 一方面……，另一方面……

_____________________ 无法控制

[即学即练8](1)I‘ll bring some tapes if I can ________________________ them.如果找得到的话，我会带几盒录音带来。

(2)________________________，I want to sell the house, but ________________________ I can’t bear the thought of moving.一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不愿搬家。

(3)Don‘t worry—all the arrangements are ____________.别担心，一切都安排好了。

(4)He believes that the great day is ____________.他相信这个伟大的日子就要来到了。

9．make a difference_________________________

make no difference(to sb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧

make some difference(to sb./sth.)对某人/物有些作用或影响

tell the difference分辨，区分，区别

[即学即练9]

(1)It _______________________ which way he goes.他走哪条路会有很大不同。

(2)Whether he will come _________________.他是否来无关紧要。

(3)The twins are so alike. It’s difficult to __________________.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。

10. injury/wound/hurt/damage/harm

(1)injury指平时的大、小创伤或伤害，也可用于无生命物。

(2)wound指战斗中刀或枪的创伤、伤口。

(3)hurt尤指精神上或感情上的伤害，肉体上的伤痛。

(4)damage指损失、损害(不表示伤痛)，主要用于物。

(5)harm指精神和肉体上的极大损害，不但可用于生物也可用于抽象事物。

[应用1](1)Too much drinking will do you great ______/do great ______ to you.过量饮酒有害。

(2)He got an ______ in the accident.他在事故中受伤。

(3)Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most ______.在加利福尼亚大地震中，火灾造成的损失最大。

(4)The soldier had a ______ in his chest.这位战士胸部受伤。

(5)My sympathy eased his ______.我的同情减轻了他的痛苦。

11. a number of/the number of

同：两者均修饰可数名词复数。

异：a number of是指“大量的”，后面的谓语动词是复数形式。the number of是指“……的数量”，后面的谓语动词是单数形式。

[应用2](1)_________________ students in my class is 56.

(2)________________ our classmates love English.

12. vital adj. __________________

be vital for / to sth. ________________

It is vital that … that 从句的位于常用虚拟语气，即(should+)V原

[即学即练12]

(1)Regular exercise ____________________ your health. 经常锻炼对你的健康是至关重要的。

(2)_________________________ show that he was not afraid. 最重要的是要表现出他毫无畏惧。

Book 5 Unit 5 First aid

学案二（语法课）Ellipsis

日期__________________________ 学案数______________________

课时__________________________ 课型________________________

教学目标

知识目标：Learn and master the grammar: Ellipsis.

能力目标：Enable the students to master the grammar well.

情感目标：Stimulate their interest in grammar learning.

教学重难点

重难点：Learn and master the grammar: Ellipsis.

Grammar: Ellipsis

一、定义：

为了避免重复，使语言简练紧凑，在不引起误解的情况下，将一个句子中的一个或多个成分省去，这样的句子叫做省略句。这种语法现象称为“省略”。

二、省略的类别及规则：

★简单句中的省略：根据表达的需要，简单句中常省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、宾语、表语等，有时甚至同时省略若干成分。如：(1) (You come) This way please.

(2) —Are you feeling better now?

—(I am feeling) Much better (now).

★并列句中的省略：在并列句中，后面的分句可以省略与前面的分句中相同的成分。如：

Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.

★状语从句中的省略：在以when, while, if, as if, though (although), as, whether, once等连词引导的状语从句中，常常省略与主句相同的主语或作主语的代词it以及be动词。如：

(1) When (it is) completed, the museum will be open to the public next year.

(2) Unless (it is) necessary, you’d better not refer to the dictionary.

★动词不定式中的省略：在同一句话或联系紧密的对话里，常把不定式to后内容相同的部分省略，只保留to。如：

(1) —I will be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?

—Not at all. I would be happy to. ★虚拟条件句中的省略：在虚拟条件句中，如含有had, were, should等时，if可省略，句子倒装。如：Should it rain tomorrow, you would have to put off your tour.

★宾语从句中的省略：①在宾语从句中，连词that一般可以省略；但如果是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。②由which, when, where, how和why 引导的宾语从句，可以全部或部分省略。如：

(1) He told me he was ill and that he couldn’t go to work the next day.

(2) I know that the NBA star Yao Ming will come to our city but I don’t know when.

★★★注意：

1、感官动词see，hear，feel，watch等和使役动词have，make，let等后接不定式作宾语时，不定

式省略to。

2、do nothing but，can’t help but等结构常接省略to的不定式。

(1) We didn’t do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterday.我们昨天只是仅仅呆在家里看电视了。

(2) Hearing the news, she couldn’t help but cry.听到这个消息，她禁不住哭了。

3、在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love hate后往往只保留to，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be，have时，也保留be和have。

e.g. My parents encouraged me to go to college, （但是我不想去）but I didn’t want to.

★★★某些介词的省略：

1. spend time/money (in) doing sth

have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.

prevent/stop sb. (from) doing sth.

be busy/engaged (in) doing sth.

2. 表示时间的介词on, in, at用在next, last, this, each, these, yesterday, every, tomorrow等词之前，一般可省略。

We have a final exam (in) this term.

课堂检测

用省略句完成下列句子：

1. _________ ______ （如果是这样的话）, let’s go and see him. If so

2. I will go to the park _________ _______ （如果要请我）。If invited

3. ______ ________ （如果有的话），there are few. If any

4. You should carry out the order __________ ______ （按照告诉你的）。as told

5. If _______ _____（认真做），the experiment is sure to succeed. carefully done

6. _________ ________ _______, I would not go there. 如果我是你，我就不去那。were I you

7. Work hard ________ _____ , or you will regret. 年轻时努力学习，不然你会后悔的。When young

8. ____ ___________ , you’d better not refer to your notebook. 除非有必要，你最好不要查看笔记本。

答案

1．aid n．&vt. 援助；资助；救助

first aid 急救

give/do/offer first aid to sb.对某人进行急救

with the aid/help of... 在……的帮助下

without sb.‘s aid/help 没有某人的帮助

go to one’s aid/help 前去帮助某人

aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事

aid sb. in/with... 为……帮助某人

[即学即练1](1)The organization offers economic____________ the Third World.这个组织给第三世界提供经济援助。

(2)Dictionaries are ___________________ learning languages.字典对于学习语言有很大的帮助。

(3)They ______ the poor country ______ money.他们用钱帮助那个穷国。

答案是：aid to;a great aid in;aided with

(4)His workmates ______ him ____________ the difficulty.他的工友们帮助他克服了困难。

答案是：aided;to overcome

2．swell v．(使)膨胀；增长(swelled, swollen)n．涌浪；海浪的涌动

swollen adj.肿胀的

swell(sth.) into/to sth.(使某物)膨胀，肿胀，增强，增多

swell(sth.) with pride/anger etc.洋洋得意/怒气冲冲等

[即学即练2](1)Her face ______ (______) with toothache./Her face ____________ (______) with toothache.她的脸因牙痛而肿了起来。

(2)A small business ____________ a big company.小商店发展成大公司。

(3)Her heart __________________ as she watched her son receiving his award.看着儿子领奖时，她心中充满了自豪。

答案是：swelled up was swollen up；swelled into;swelled with pride

3．squeeze vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨

squeeze out榨出；挤出

squeeze...out of/from...把……从……中榨出来

squeeze into/through...挤进……

[即学即练3](1)Must you _________ the toothpaste tube in the middle？你非得从中间挤牙膏吗？

(2)Try to ________ a bit more ____________ the tube.尽量从管里再挤出一点儿。

(3)Five of us ____________ the back seat of the car.我们中有5个人挤进了汽车的后座。

答案是：squeeze;squeeze;out of;squeezed into

4．treat vt. 治疗；对待；款待n．款待；招待

treat...as/like把……当做treat sb./oneself(to sth.)请客吃……

be one’s treat由/该某人请客

[即学即练4](1)They ______ me ______ one of the family, which was very kind of them.他们把我作为一个家庭成员来对待，他们真是太好了。

(2)He is seriously ill, and __________________in hospital now.他病得很重，现在在医院接受治疗。

(3)We’ll ______ you ______ dinner.我们请你吃饭。

(4)__________________. What would you like to eat?我请客，你们想吃什么？

答案是：treated as；is being treated ;treat to;It’s my treat

5．apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效

apply to适用于

apply...to...把……应用到

apply to sb. for...向某人申请……

apply oneself to(doing) sth.专注于；专心做某事

[即学即练5](1)What you said doesn’t ____________ me.你所说的并不适合我。

(2)You can’t ______ this rule ______ every case.这个规则并不能适用于所有的状况。

(3)She ____________ a job ______ an English teacher.她应征英语教师的工作。

(4)We had to ____________ the government ______ financial help.我们只好向政府申请财务援助。

答案是：apply to;apply to;applied for as；apply to for

(5)He __________________ learning English.他专心学英语。

答案是：applied himself to

6．fall ill生病

fall asleep 睡着，入睡

fall behind (竞赛等)落在(对方)后面；输给别人

fall apart 土崩瓦解；(关系)崩裂，崩溃

fall down 从……落下；倒下；跌倒；(建筑物等)倒塌；(计划等)失败

fall off 下降；跌落

fall over 跌倒

[即学即练6](1)Caught in a heavy rain, he ____________ and died.淋了大雨，他生了一场病就死了。

(2)Work hard, or we will ____________.努力学习，否则我们就会落后。

(3)He ____________ his bike while riding.他骑车时从自行车上摔了下来。

答案是：fell ill;fall behind;fell off

7．in place 在适当的位置；适当

out of place 不在适当的位置；不恰当

in the first place 首先，第一

in the next place 其次，第二点

in place of... 代替……

take the place of... 代替，取代

take one‘s place 代替某人；就座

take place 发生，举行

give place to 让位于，为……取代

[即学即练7](1)She likes everything to be ____________ before she starts work.她喜欢东西都摆好再开始工作。

(2)Her dress was quite ____________ at the ceremony.在那个典礼上她的服装非常得体。

(3)I felt completely __________________ among all those smart rich people.在那些衣冠楚楚的富人中间，我觉得自己完全格格不入。

(4)__________________ for the next dance.各就各位，准备跳下一个舞。

答案是：in place;in place;out of place；Take your places

8．put one‘s hands on＝lay/get one’s hands on 找到，得到

at hand 在手边；即将来到

by hand 用手做，靠手工

from hand to hand 从一人手中传到另一人手中

hand in hand 手拉手，共同地

in hand 在手里；在掌握中，在控制下

join hands 携手，联手

on the one hand..., on the other hand... 一方面……，另一方面……

out of hand 无法控制

[即学即练8](1)I‘ll bring some tapes if I can ________________________ them.如果找得到的话，我会带几盒录音带来。

(2)________________________，I want to sell the house, but ________________________ I can’t bear the thought of moving.一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不愿搬家。

(3)Don‘t worry—all the arrangements are ____________.别担心，一切都安排好了。

答案是：lay my hands on;On the one hand;on the other hand;in hand

(4)He believes that the great day is ____________.他相信这个伟大的日子就要来到了。

答案是：at hand

9．make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用

make no difference(to sb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧

make some difference(to sb./sth.)对某人/物有些作用或影响

tell the difference分辨，区分，区别

[即学即练9](1)It _______________________ which way he goes.他走哪条路会有很大不同。

(2)Whether he will come _________________.他是否来无关紧要。

(3)The twins are so alike. It’s difficult to __________________.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。

答案是：makes a great difference；makes no difference;tell the difference

易错点拨

自我完善?误区备考

1. injury/wound/hurt/damage/harm

(1)injury指平时的大、小创伤或伤害，也可用于无生命物。(2)wound指战斗中刀或枪的创伤、伤口。

(3)hurt尤指精神上或感情上的伤害，肉体上的伤痛。

(4)damage指损失、损害(不表示伤痛)，主要用于物。

(5)harm指精神和肉体上的极大损害，不但可用于生物也可用于抽象事物。

[应用1](1)Too much drinking will do you great ______/do great ______ to you.过量饮酒有害。

(2)He got an ______ in the accident.他在事故中受伤。

(3)Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most ______.在加利福尼亚大地震中，火灾造成的损失最大。

答案是：harm harm;injury;damage

(4)The soldier had a ______ in his chest.这位战士胸部受伤。

(5)My sympathy eased his ______.我的同情减轻了他的痛苦。

答案是：wound；hurt

2. a number of/the number of

同：两者均修饰可数名词复数。

异：a number of是指“大量的”，后面的谓语动词是复数形式。the number of是指“……的数量”，后面的谓语动词是单数形式。

[应用2](1)_________________ students in my class is 56.

(2)________________ our classmates love English.

答案是：The number of;A number of

高中英语语法大全

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