高考英语短文改错重要考点(带历年真题)

高考英语短文改错测试重点及分类解析

第一章短文改错测试重点及分类解析

根据短文改错的命题特点，我们可以按照以下四步进行备考快速练习。

第一步：审题。通读全文，了解大意。全面把握文章整体(时态、题材及内容)。

第二步：重读全文，应先确定一些明显的错误，以便疏通短文，化繁为简，为后面解题打开思路。许多问题可在这一阶段得到解决。从词法、句法到行文逻辑三方面着手，逐句而不是逐行地分析、找错。

第三步：综观全篇，看错误类型的比例是否得当、前后逻辑是否一致、有无前后矛盾等现象。

第四步：认真检查，避免出现以下错误：符号不规范；一个词改为几个或几个改为一个；该大写的未大写；合成词只改了其中一部分等。

下面，我们根据词性不同，来对改错题目进行分类解析。

第一节名词

在短文改错中见到名词时，应检查是否有数、格及名词前限定词用法等错误。汉语中的名词在形式上无复数变化，而是通过在名词前加数词来表示；英语则不同，除了在名词前加数词之外，如果是可数名词，还应将该名词变为复数形式。

1. 检查句中名词的单复数形式是否符合句意。

2. 检查句中有无可数名词和不可数名词的误用。

3. 检查句中有无所有格的误用。

4. 检查句中有无名词前限定词的误用。

练习:请改正下列句子中的语法错误，注意名词的使用。

1. He is on good term with me.

2. He is a generous fellow, and will soon make friend with you again.

3. His opinion is considered to be great value.

4. He sent his daughter to a girl’s high school.

5. Give me three spoonful of sugar.

6. His eyes are as blue as a Scandinavian.

7. A few peoples live to be a hundred years old.

8. Aunt Mary returned home after ten year’s absence.

9. He is a friend of my brother.

10. The observation of the law is the first duty of every citizen.

注释

1. term → terms, term的复数形式表示条件、关系，on good terms with...意为“与……关系良好”。

2. friend → friends, make friends with...与某人交朋友。

3. be great value → be of great value, v alue是名词，be of+名词=be+形容词。即of great value=greatly valuable。

4. girl’s → girls’，女子高中是a girls’ high school。

5. spoonful → spoonfuls, spoonful是可数名词。

6. scandinavian → Scandinavian’s。.

7. peoples → people此处people作“人讲”，是复数名词。

8. year’s → years’。

9. brother → brother’s应是brother’s friends, 其后做了省略。

10. observation → observance(遵守), observation意为观察。

第二节动词的谓语形式

一、谓语动词的时态

1. 掌握各种时态的用法

2. 注意时态的协调一致

1)在简单句中，时态要与时间状语一致。

2)当两个或两个以上的谓语共用一个主语时，其时态要求一致。

3)由并列连词连接的两个句子，时态上也要求一致。

4)当遇到宾语从句和间接引语时，若其主句是过去时，则在从句中也必须使用过去时。但是当宾语从句表示的是客观事实和真理时，一般用一般现在时。

5)与宾语从句一样，主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的时态也要求和主句的时态一致。

6)定语从句和状语从句也要与主句的时态相呼应，当从句谓语表示的动作与主句的动作同时发生时，要用相同的时态。

二、谓语动词的语态

1. 检查句子是否该用被动语态。

2. 检查被动语态形式是否正确。

3. 检查被动语态的时态与句中其他时态是否相呼应，其数是否与其主语一致。

三、谓语动词的语气

虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是客观存在的事实，而是一种与事实相反的愿望、可能、推测、建议、要求、假设或主观的设想等。改错时应特别注意：

1. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用。

2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。

3. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用。

四、情态动词

下列用法常是短文改错的焦点：

1. must表示“必须，不得不”时，其否定式是needn’t或do not have to；must not则表示“不许，禁止”。

2. need与dare既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词；而作实义动词时，若要构成问句和否定句，就需要助动词do/does/did。

3. “can+have+过去分词”结构用在疑问句和否定句中，表示对过去的事情所作的推测。

4. “could+have+过去分词”结构除用来表示对过去的事情所作的推测外，还可用来表示某事有可能在过去发生，但实际上并没有发生。

5. “may/might+have+过去分词”结构用来表示对过去的事情所作的推测。(“可能已经……了”)

6. “must+have+过去分词”结构用来表示对过去的事情所作的肯定判断。(“……一定已经……了吧”)

7. “should/ought to+have+过去分词”结构用来表示过去应做而未做的事，含有自责或责备的语气。(“本来应该……的”)

8. “need not+have+过去分词”结构用来表示过去做了没有必要做的事。(“本来不必……的”)

练习

1. After they had chose the books they wished to read, the instructor told them the principal points he wanted them to note.

2. When I reach at the end of a cigarette, my money has gone up in smoke.

3. The island has little vegetation(植被)，it scarcely raises above the surrounding sea.

4. In our school the teachers would leave most students go out early on Friday afternoons before football games.

5. Ours was the first group of swimmers who had dove into the new pool.

6. I will like to know where you were born.

7. I would like you read it again.

8. What will you like to do when you finish your course at Leeds?

9. I hope you can visit my country soon, because I’d to show you some lf. the beautiful places near my home.

10. My father mustn’t have said such a thing.

注释

1. had chose → had chosen.

2. reach at → reach, reach是及物动词。

3. raises above → rises above, raise是及物动词，rise是不及物动词。

4. leave → let.

5. had dove → had dived.

6. will → would.

7. you read → you to read. would you like其后加不定式。

8. will → would.

9. I’d to → I’d love/like to.

10.must n’t → can’t，否定推测要用can’t或couldn’t, can’t + have + p.p.表示对过去事情否定推测。

第三节动词的非谓语形式

一、动词不定式

1. 不定式可作主语。

2. 当不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，一般要用不定式的被动式。但是在某些形容词后面，即使是这样，也不用被动式。

3. 某些动词后面只能跟不定式作宾语。

4.当不定式作宾语，且后面又有宾语补足语时，通常用it作形式宾语来代替不定式，而把不定式后置。

5. had better, would rather than等词的后面只跟不带to的不定式。

6. 动词不定式的一般式表示它与谓语动词同时发生，或在其后发生；其完成式则表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。但要注意动词plan, expect, wish, intend, mean, want, would(should) like等后面的不定式的完成式表示原打算要做而最终未做成的事情。

二、动词的-ing形式改错指导

以下动词只能跟-ing形式作宾语，不能跟不定式。如：advise, admit, avoid, allow, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, appreciate, imagine, include, mention, miss, prevent, quit, resist, risk, stand, suggest, understand等。

三、过去分词改错指导

注意下列几组动词的-ing形式和过去分词之间的区别：surprising(令人吃惊的)，surprised(感到惊讶的)；interesting(令人感兴趣的)，interested(感兴趣的)；

高考英语专题短文改错二十篇1-20

1. Three friends and I was driving on a highway. While we were going at least 50 miles per hour, we passed over a car. It had broken down, stopped on the side of the road. My friend slows down, and pulled behind the other car. He got out of the car immediate and before I knew it he was helping the other person push the car down the road to a spot where wasn’t so close to the passing cars. From the way they were pushing the car, it looked as if my friend was pushing them all by himself. I thought my friend help a complete stranger like this was a great thing, but I won’t forget his good nature or character. 2. Dear Brad, I’m very glad to hear from you. In your last letter you ask about the post-80s in China. Actually I am the boy who belongs to this group. Comparing with our parents, life for us is getting much hard. The job market is tough and the house is expensively to afford. Now many girls prefer to marry with a man who owns a house an d a car. Therefore, I don’t think love built on house and cars is true love, and I doubt how long it will last. As a matter of fact, though situations are tough today, a lot of we post-80s are making great efforts live a good life. I believe we will have a nice future. Li Hua 3. Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, Some of us are having problems about our parents, as they often look into our school bags or read our diaries. I fully understand why we are comfortable about it, but it is no need to feel too sadly. Our parents are checking in our bags or diaries to make sure we’re not getting into troubles. They have probably heard of some horrible stories about other kids and thinking we might do the same. Or perhaps they just want to connect with us and are doing it all wrong. My suggestion is: Tell them we want them to trust us as many as we’d like to trust them. If you don’t think you can talk to them, write them a letter and leave it lie around --- they are bound to read it. Thank you! 4. We spend two weeks in London last year. We went there in the autumn .We think it is the best season to visit England. The weather is usually good but there aren’t too many tourists in October. We stayed in a small h otel in the West End .It was convenient as we did most of our traveling by foot. We went to look at the places where all tourists see. We saw Buckingham Palace and the National Gallery. We went to shopping in Oxford Street and spent too many money .What we liked most, though, was going to theatre. We don’t have the chance to see so wonderful plays at home .A lot of people say English food is very badly. We didn’t think so. It’s true that most of the restaurants are French or Italian or Chinese, but we had some very good meal.

高考英语各地短文改错汇编试题与解析

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2018年高考英语短文改错专题突破练 含答案

短文改错专题突破练16 1 (2017山东部分重点中学第一次联考) Tired of sleeping on the floor,a young man in Teheran bought a real bed.It was for the first time that he had become the proud owner of a bed where had springs(弹簧) and a mattress(床垫).Because the weather is very hot,he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very good for the first two nights,but on the third night,a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof but sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did wake up until the bed struck the ground.Although the bed was broken into piece,the man was surprisingly unhurt. When he woke up,he was still on the mattress. Glanced at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried them into his house. After he had put it on the floor,he quickly went for sleep again. Tired of sleeping on the floor,a young man in Teheran bought a real bed.It was the first time that he had become the proud owner of a bed had springs(弹簧) and a mattress(床 垫).Because the weather very hot,he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. He slept very for the first two nights,but on the third night,a storm blew up. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof sent it crashing into the courtyard below. The young man did wake up until the bed struck the ground.Although the bed was broken into ,the man was surprisingly unhurt. When he woke up,he was still on the mattress.at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried into his house.

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2014--2018 高考英语短文改错真题

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