2007年考研英语(一)真题与答案(20201110155630)

2007年考研英语（一）试题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1 . (10 points)

By 1830 the former Spanish a nd Portuguesecolo nies had become

independent nations. The roughly 20 million _____ 1 __ of these nations

looked __ 2 ___ t o the future. Bom in the crisis of the old regime and

Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence ______ 3__ the

ideals of representative govern me nt, careers ____ 4 __ to talen t, freedom

of commerce and trade, the ____ 5__ to private property, and a belief in

the in dividual as the basis of societ y. ___ 6 ___ there was a belief that the

new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a ___________________________________ 7__ set of laws.

On the issue of ___ 8 ___ o f religion and the position of the church,

__ 9 __ , there was less agreement _____ 10 ___ the leadership? Roman

Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one _____ 11___ b y the

Spanish crown. ___ 12 __ most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism

__ 13 __ the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the

__ 14 __ of other faiths? The defense of the Church became a rallying

__ 15 __ for the conservative forces.

The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often

egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from

Haiti and had _____ 16 _ in return to abolish slavery in the areas he

liberated? By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except ^>1

__ 17 __ colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much 18 __ becausethe new nations

still needed the revenue such policies _____ 19 __ ? Egalitarian sentiments

were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 20 self-rule and democracy.

1. [A] natives[B] inhabitants[C] peoples[D] individuals

2. [A] confusedly[B] cheerfully[C] worriedly[D] hopefully

3. [A] shared[B] forgot[C] attained[D] rejected

4. [A] related[B] close[C] open[D] devoted

5. [A] access[B] succession[G] right[D] return

6. [A] Presumably[B] lncidentally[C] Obviously[D] Generally

7. [A] unique[B] common[C] particular[D] typical

& [A] freedom[B] origin[C] impact[D] reform

9. [A] therefore[B] however[C] indeed[D] moreover

10. [A] with[B] about[C] among[D] by

11. [A] allowed[B] preached[C] granted[D] funded

12. [A] Since[B] lf[C] Unless[D] While

13. [A] as[B] for[C] under[D] against

14. [A] spread[B] interference[C] exclusion[D] influence

15. [A] support[B] cry[C] plea[D] wish

16. [A] urged[B] intended[C] expected[D] promised

17. [A] controlling[B] former[C] remaining[D] original

18. [A] slower[B] faster[C] easier[D] tougher

19. [A] created[B] produced[C] contributed[D] preferred

20. [A] puzzled by, [B] hostile to

[C] pessimistic about, [D] unprepared for

Section II Reading Comprehension Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C], or [D]. Mark your

answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

Text 1

If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in

20061 s World Cup txinarn? you would most likely find a noteworthy

quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronoun ced ?

What might account for this strange phenomenon?Here are a few

guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer sk川s;

b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which

in creases soccer stamina; c) soccer- mad pare nts are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.

Anders Ericsson, a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State

University, says he believes strongly in — ix)neof the above. Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to con duct his own research if he switched to psychology? His first experiment, nearly 30 years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of

numbers. —With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training，his digit

span had risen from 1 to 20, Ericsson recalls?—He kept improving, a after

about200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.

This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not gen etically determined, led Ericss on to con elude that the act of

memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever in born differe nces two people may exhibit in their abilities to nlemorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person—encodesth| |e information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson

determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task? Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.

Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert

performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not just performanee statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers?Their work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we

commonly call tale nt is highly overrated ? Or, put ano ther way, expert performers 一whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming 一are nearly always made, not born.

21. The birthday phe no men on found among soccer players is mentioned

to

[A] stress the importance of professional training.

[B] spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup.

[C] introduce the topic of what makes expert performance.

[D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others.

22. The word —mania| | (Line 4, Paragraph 2) most probably means

[A] fun.

[B] craze.

[C] hysteria.

[D] excitement.

23. According to Ericsson, good memory

[A] depends on meaningful process!ng of information.

[B] results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises.

[C] is deter mined by gen etic rather tha n psychological factors ?

[D] requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration.

24. Ericsson and his colleagues believe that

[A] talent is a dominating factor for professional success.

[B] biographical data provide the key to excellent performanee.

[C] the role of talent tends to be overlooked.

[D] high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture.

25. Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text