The Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会-新概念英语第二册自学导读笔记第37课

The Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会-新概念英语第

二册自学导读笔记第37课

新概念英语第二册第37课课文重难点 further notes on the text

1．the olympic games will be held in our country in four years'time. 4年以后，奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行。

（1）作为专有名词的一部分时 games 的第一个字母要大写。

（2）这句话的语态是被动语态用于一般将来时（will be held）。

（3）in four years' time，4年之后。 in的这种用法在第9课的语法中已经讲过，它通常与将来时连用表示"……时间之后"：

i'll be back in ten minutes or half an hour.我10分钟或半个小时以后回来。

名词的所有格用于表示时间在第13课的语法中已经提到过：

he will arrive in three hours' time.他3小时以后到达。

2．as a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new olympic-standard swimming pool. 因为将有大批的人到我们国家来，所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池。

（1）连词as用于表示原因时通常位于句首，这是因为它所表明的原因对于讲话对象可能是已知的，所以没有必要再予以强调。

连词 because任何时候都能够代替as来说明一种或几种原因，但是as则不一定总能代替 because：

as you can't type the letter yourself, you'll have to

ask susan to do it for you.既然你自己不能用打字机打这封信，那

你就请苏珊替你打吧。

because 一般跟在主句后面，强调讲话对象可能不知道的原因：

jim's trying to save more money because he wants to buy

a car.吉姆正设法多攒些钱，因为他想买辆车。

（2）building 后面的成分为它的3个并列宾语，每个宾语前面

的冠词都不可省略。

（3）olympic-standard 是个"形容词+名词"形式的复合形容词，作定语。虽然字典中通常不把它作为一个词条，但它的含义是一目了

然的。

第32课中出现的 well-dressed 也是个复合形容词，

其构成为"副词+过去分词"，它已被大家接受，作为固定的词条

出现于一般字典中。

3．a special railway line，一条铁路专线。

special 在此处表示"专门的"、"特设的"。line 既能够笼统地

指两地间的"铁路线路"，

又能够具体地指包括路基、枕木等的"铁路轨线"。

4．by the end of this year，在今年年底前。

by表示"在某时之前"、"

并不晚于某时的任何时间"。它不能与表示一段时间的名词连用，只能与表示时间点的名词或词组连用，用于肯定句与用于否定句时有

一定区别：

5．everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up．大家都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成。

（1）watch 在此处表示"注重"而不是真的盯着看。

（2）as在这里为连词，相当于while，表示"当"、"正值"，它引导的从句虽然表示将来的动作，但要用一般现在时。

（3）go up 为短语动词，其含义之一为"（建筑物）被兴建起来"：

many new houses are going up in this district.这个地区正兴建很多新房子。

语法 grammar in use

一般将来完成时（the future perfect simple tense）

（1）在第12课和第13课的语法中，我们学习了一般将来时和将来实行时。

一般将来时除了能够用来预言将来发生的事以外，还能够表示"意愿"，如允诺、建议、请求、提议等：

the radio hasn't been mended yet.收音机还没有修好。

never mind! i'll mend it for you.别担心！我会给你修的。（允诺）

will you open the door for me please!请你帮我开一下门好吗？（请求）

shall we go for a swim tomorrow?我们明天去游泳好吗？（建议）

将来实行时除了表示最近或不久的将来正在实行的动作外，还能够表示计划或安排好的事：

a great many people will be visiting the country.很多人将到我们国家来。（将来正在实行的动作）

the government will be building new roads.政府准备修筑一些新的道路。（计划好的事）

（2）将来完成时用于表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作：

将来完成时由will have+ 过去分词构成。它常与by和

not…till/ until+ 表示时间的名词连用：

i expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow.我希望到明天你就会改变主意了。

词汇学习 word study

1．hold vt.

（1）拿着，抓住，抱住：

please hold the baby while i take off my coat.我脱外衣的时候请帮我抱一下孩子。

why are you holding my bag?你为什么抓住我的包？

（2）容纳，装得下，包含：

this cup can't hold much water.这杯子装不了多少水。

the stadium can hold 20,000 people.这个体育场能容纳两万人。

（3）举行（会议、会谈等）；庆祝（节日）：

the olympic games will be held just outside the capital.奥运会就在首都市郊举办。

when are we going to hold the next meeting?我们什么时候举行下次会议？

2．look的一些固定短语

（1）look forward to常用于表示高兴地

"盼望"、"期待"，to为介词，所以后面只能跟名词、代词和动名词，不能接动词原形：

we are looking forward to the olympic games because they have never been held before in this country.我们盼望着奥运会的到来，因为这个国家还从未举办过奥运会。

i look forward to seeing you during the weekend.我盼望着周末见到你。

（2）look out 除表示"朝外看"以外，

还能够表示"注意"、"留神"，尤其在祈使句中：

you should always look out when you walk across a road.你过马路时要留神。

look out! there's something in the middle of the road.小心！马路中间有东西。

（3）look up 的含义之一为"（在字典、参考书等中）查找"：

he looked up the word in several dictionaries.他在几本字典中查了这个单词。

它还能够表示"看望"、"拜访"某个人，一般用于口语中：

i'm going to look up mary this afternoon.我打算今天下午去看望玛丽。

3．design

（1）vt．，vi．设计图样：

these modern buildings have been designed by kurt gunter.这些现代化建筑是由库尔特·冈特设计的。

george has designed a new bridge.乔治设计了一座新桥。

（2）vt．，vi．打算（做……），计划：

he designed to enter for the competition.他打算报名参加

竞赛。

this book is designed for foreign tourists.这本书是为外

国游客设计的。

（3）n．图样，图纸；设计：

here is the design of the new house.这是这座新房子的图纸。

susan has just drawn a design for a new dress.苏珊刚画了

一个新的衣服样式。

练习答案 key to written exercises

1．关键句型练习答案

a what will happen： will be held(1.1); will be

held(1.5);will be called(1.6)

what will be happening： will be visiting (1.2); will be building(1.3); will also be building (1.4); will be watching (1.9)

what will have happened： will have completed(1.7); will have finished (1.8)

2．难点练习答案

1 holding… looking forward to

2 look out

3 look… up

4 is holding

5 look… up

6 held… looking forward to 3．多项选择题答案

1c 2b 3b 4b 5b 6d

7 a 8 c 9 d 10 b 11b 12 a

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fairly big(相当大)，d. rather big(相当大)，他们都很少用于否定 句中。 6. a 该句的谓语动词hear后面应该跟名词+不带to 的动词不定式， 或跟名词+动词+ -ing ，只有a. pass 是不带to的不定式最符合语法，其它3个选择都不符合语法，所以选a. 7. b 只有b. soon afterwards (不久，很快)与前一句中的not long before 的含义相同，其他3个选择a. after (在……之后);c. behind (在……后面);d. much later (更晚)都不符合题目意思，所 以选b. 8. b 该句需要选出一个与前一句的light(轻型的)意思相反的词. a. dark( 黑暗的), b. heavy(重的), c. black(黑的), d. deep(深的)4 个词中只有heavy是light的反义词,所以选b. 9. d 该句应该选前一句的terribly(可怕地，极端地)含义相近的形容词。才能使两个句子意义相同。 a. frightening(使惊恐，恐吓)是动 词frighten的现在分词形式，很少作形容词用，因为它的形容词形式 是frightful; b. horrifying(使毛骨竦然，使震惊)也很少做形容词用，因为它有形容词horrible; c. shocking(令人震惊的，骇人的， 极坏的)语气比terrible 要强烈;d. frightful(惊人的，可怕的)是动词frighten的形容词形式，只有d与terribly 含义最接近，所以选d. 10. d 本句需要选一个与前一句中的signal(信号)含义相同的词。

裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记_第72课_课文讲解

Text The great racing driver, Sir Malcolm Campbell, was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour. Sir 爵士，冠于爵士或准爵士的名字之前或名字与姓之前（但不可只用于姓之前）Sir Edward 爱德华爵士 Sir John Jackson 约翰.杰克逊爵士 Duke 公爵 Marquis 侯爵 Earl 伯爵 viscount 子爵 baron 男爵 drive at 以…速度驾车 (at 介词， 以…（速度，价格，比率等） eg The train was traveling at 100 kilometers an hour. 火车以每小时一百公里的速度行驶。 eg We drove at top speed.我们急速行驶。 （top speed 最高的速度）eg drive at 意指，打算 eg What are you driving at ? 你有什么打算？ He set up a new world record in September 1935 at Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah. set up a new world record / built up a new world record 创造新的世界纪录 make a new world record / create a new world record 创造新的世界纪录(口） Bluebird, the car was driving , had been specially built for him. the car was driving 是 Bluebird 的同位语，意思是他所驾驶的蓝鸟汽车。 build 1v 建造 be built for 为…建造被动结构 build for 为…建造主动结构 eg build up 树立，建立 build up one`s 积累财富 build …on/ build... upon 奠定基础,奠定…的基础于… eg Our business is built on trust. 我们的生意建立在信任的基础上。 2n 体格，造型 a man of strong 体格健壮的男人 builder n building n 建筑物 a high-rise building 高楼建筑 school building 校舍 It was over 30 feet in length and had a 2,500-horsepower engine. in length 在长度上 long adj 长的 length n 长度 in width 在宽度上 width n 宽度 wide adj 宽的 in height 在高度上 high adj 高的 at full length 伸展全身 eg He lay at full length on the grass.他伸展全身躺在草地上。 at length tell a story at length 详细地讲一个故事I bought these neckties at (the price of ) 10 dollars each. 我以每条10美元的价格买了这些领带。（at the price of 以…价格） The great racing driver ， Sir Malcolm Campbell ， was the first man to drive at over 300 miles per hour. He set up a new world record in September 1935 at Bonneville Salt Flats ， Utah. Bluebird ， the car he was driving ， had been specially built for him. It was over 30 feet in length and had a 2，500-horsepower engine. Although Campbell reached a speed of over 304 miles per hour ， he had great difficulty in controlling the car because a tyre burst during the first run. After his attempt ， Campbell was disappointed to learn that his average speed had been 299miles per hour. However ， a few days later ， he was told that a mistake had been made. His average speed had been 301 miles per hour. Since that time ， racing drivers have reached speeds over 600 miles an hour. Following in his father's footsteps many years later ， Sir Malcolm's son ， Donald ， also set up a world record. Like his father ， he was driving a car called Bluebird. He built a doghouse for his dog. 他为他的狗搭建了一个狗窝。 最后/ 详细地，絮叨地 建设者，建立者，创建者