学考英语复习资料
模块一Unit 1
Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. I was happy with the school hours in Britain __1__ school starts around 9a.m and ends about 3:30 p.m. this _2_ I could get up an hour later than usual, as schools in China begin before 8 a. m.
I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old __3__. However, it was a bit __4__ for me at first, because all the homework was in __5__. I felt lucky, as all my teachers gave me encouragement and I __6__ all my subjects.
My English improved a lot, as I used English every day and spent an hour each day __7__ English books in the library
British food is very different. British people like eating dessert at the end of their main __8__. After lunch, we usually played on the school field. Sometimes I played football __9__ the boys. Sometimes I just relaxed under a tree or sat on the grass.
I was very lucky to experience this different __10_ of life. I look back on my time in the UK with satisfaction, and I really hope to go back and study in Manchester again.
( B ) 1 A so B because C and D since
( D ) 2 A goes B says C finds D means
( B ) 3 A country B school C place D class
( A ) 4 A challenging B easy C surprising D strange
( D ) 5 A Chinese B Japanese C Russian D English
( D ) 6 A studied B succeeded C hated D enjoyed
( C ) 7 A seeing B writing C reading D checking
( C ) 8 A day B meeting C meal D sleep
( A ) 9 A with B for C to D in
( A ) 10 A way B method C view D means
模块一Unit 2
Dad and Mom arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected. When they enter the living room, they want to give their sons, Daniel and Eric,a___31___.However,they find the living room is in a__32__,with garbage all over the place. The dog looked__33__ and hungry. The money left to buy dog food is gone. Dad and Mom feel angry and blame Daniel for his__34___.Daniel is so __35__ that he runs into his bedroom and__36__ the door angrily. Eric enters the bedroom and asks his brother to tell__37__ the truth. The truth is that Spot, the dog, was sick .___38__ they used the money to take the dog to the clinic and had no time to clean the room. Although Mom thinks that they might be too__39___ on Daniel, Dad still ___40___ to punish Daniel for his being rude.
( B )31. A. joy B. surprise C. sadness D. shout
( B )32. A. garbage B. mess C. scene D. scenery
( C )33. A. surprised B. excited C. tired D. tried
( D )34. A. carelessness B. happiness C. kindness D. laziness
( B )35. A. sad B. angry C. confused D. frightened
( B )36. A. opens B. shuts C. hits D. knocks
( C )37. A. Mom B. Dad C. the parents D. him
( A/C )38. A. Thus B. Because C. And D. But
( B )39. A. kind B. hard C. cruel D. impolite
( C )40. A. devotes B. regrets C. decides D. is supposed
句子翻译：1. Dad and Mom arrive back from vacation a day earlier than expected.
爸爸妈妈比预料中的提前一天度假回来了。
2妈妈变得很生气。
3She wondered what her sons did with the money they left
她想知道她的儿子把他们留下来的钱怎么处理呢。
4他认为他们不配知道真相。
5Mother thought they might be too hard on Daniel.
妈妈认为他们可能对丹尼尔太苛刻了。
模块一Unit 3
Hi Zhou Ling,
How are you? I haven?t heard from you for weeks. Is everything ok with you ?
Do you still go to the gym every day? I used to go to the gym three 1 a week, but I don?t 2 any more. I know 3 way to stay slim. Looking good is important to women, 4 ? Most young women want a slim figure these days, 5 here in Canada. I?m trying to lose weight 6 I?m so ashamed of my body. Since I?m preparing to act in a new TV show, I?m taking weight-loss pills called Fat-Less, which are quite 7 among young women here. I hope to lose at least 10kg. I take two pills a day and don?t need to exercise.
The pills really 8 ! I?m becoming slimmer and slimmer. I?ve lost 7kg in the last two months. However, 9 I don?t feel so energetic. My mother, who you met last year, keeps telling me not to take them because they are 10 . She says health is the most important thing, and I agree, but then I look so slim at the moment.
( ) 1. A. time B. times C. sometime D. sometimes ( ) 2. A. work out B. take out C. put out D. get out
( ) 3. A. other B. the other C. others D. another
( ) 4. A. are they B. does it C. isn?t it D. is it
( ) 5. A. special B. specially C. especial D. especially ( ) 6. A. because B. so C. but D. and
( ) 7. A. necessary B. popular C. important D. attractive ( ) 8. A. do B. effect C. count D. work
( ) 9. A. sometimes B. sometime C. anytime D. everytime ( ) 10. A. safe B. healthy C. dangerous D.peaceful
Dear Zhou Ling,双向翻译
Things changed so quickly! I?m now in hospital recovering from liver failure. 1.我后悔服用了那种减肥药. They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail. The pills were going to completely destroy my liver if I continued taking them. 2.My mother insisted on sending me to the hospital, where I received good medical treatment.
3 It was a really painful experience, but I?m feeling better now.
4 I follow my doctor?s advice and exercise for at least half an hour every day.(but I seldom go to the gym!), and eat lots of fruit and vegetables. People should look after their bodies. 5. My mother is right: don?t damage your health for a slim and attractive figure. 6那是不值得的。7. We should not be ashamed of the way we look, should we?
I hope to hear from you soon.
1
2
3
4
5
6______________________________________________________________________
7______________________________________________________________________
模块二Unit 1
双向翻译
1 Justin, my brother, has been missing for two weeks. Now I miss him very much.
2 I?m worried that something bad has happened to him. I …m sure he came home that night at about 11 o?clock, because
3 I heard him playing his favorite CD in his bedroom. But where has he gone? Yesterday a girl named Marvies told me that she was once taken away by aliens from outer place.
4 They did some research on her. Marvies said that
5 the whole experience was really terrible, luckily they returned her home. If Justin has been taken away by aliens too, I hope they will return him soon.
My parents have been worrying about Justin. Soon after he was found missing, they called the police .6 However, the police are not making much progress in the case. They are very puzzled, saying Justin might have been murdered. 7 Dad is very disappointed with them. He does n?t think they are doing their job well. Mum is so worried that she can?t sleep well. 8 I hope Justin will come home soon and tell us what happened to him. I want all of us to be together again.
1 ___________________________________________________________________________
2____________________________________________________________________________
3____________________________________________________________________________
4 ___________________________________________________________________________
5____________________________________________________________________________
6____________________________________________________________________________
7____________________________________________________________________________
8____________________________________________________________________________
模块二Unit 2
双向翻译：
Dear Aihua,
How are you? Sorry 1 I haven?t written for so long. I?ve been quite busy arranging my holiday with my older brother, Colin. 2Colin and I plan to spend a few weeks traveling before he goes to university.
We?re going to visit so many exciting places and do lots of extraordinary things. We will go to Africa first. 3 I can?t wait! Have you ever been there?
We leave London on 15 July, and we?ll be taking a flight to morocco, in northern Africa. 4we?re going to ride camels through the Sahara desert.. 5It?s the biggest desert in the world—about the size of the US! And then we?re going to travel down the River Nile and we?re going on a trip to see wild animals in Kenya. After that, we?ll be moving on to Tanzania, where we?re going to climb Mount Kilimanjaro. 5 Mountain climbing can be very tiring, and many people feel sick as the atmosphere gets thinner, so Colin and I will make sure that we get plenty of rest. 6 The African part of our trip will take about four weeks. Afterwards, we?re going to the Himalayas.
7 I?ll send you postcards from all the different places we visit.
1______________________________________________________________________________ 2______________________________________________________________________________ 3______________________________________________________________________________
4______________________________________________________________________________ 5______________________________________________________________________________ 6______________________________________________________________________________ 7______________________________________________________________________________
模块二Unit 3
Today is the best day of my life! All my years of training as an explorer have finally 1._______.
Since I arrived in Egypt in the early 1920s, I had spent most of my time 2.______ for lost treasure.3._______ ancient Egyptian tombs, I have found gold, jewels and the 4._________ dead bodies of former Kings. These bodies are called mummies.
However, nothing can compare with 5._______ I found today. 6._______, my lucky pet bird found the place--- he 7.______ me to it! Together with Lord Carnarvon and my team, I opened the tomb of Tutankhamun at Luxor, in the V alley of the Kings. Words can?t express 8.________ excited I was! It was amazing.
The tomb was very dark and dusty 9._______ that did not stop us! In it we found the mummy of Tutankhamun, gold and jewels. We decided to empty the tomb. I?m sure we will soon be rich and famous!
The only thing about today is 10. _______my bird died! A snake ate him just after we entered the tomb. I hope there isn?t a curse.
( ) 1. A. paid back B. paid off C. paid for D. paid to
( ) 2. A. searching B. search C. to search D. to searching
( ) 3. A. On B. In C. Over D. Above
( ) 4. A. preserve B. preserving C. preserved D. being preserved
( ). 5. A. that B. what C. which D. how
( ) 6. A. Usually B. Always C. Often D. Actually
( ) 7.A. led B. carried C. brought D. fetched
( ) 8.A. what B. how C. what a D. how a
( ) 9. A. however B. and C. but D. or
( ) 10. A. that B. what C. all D. which
双向翻译：1. During his life, he discovered many amazing things.
__________________________________________________________________________
2.He was bright and ____________________ (对。。。感到好奇) the world outside his home town .
3.In 1891, ________________________ （在17岁时），he set sail for Alexandria, Egypt.
4.These preserved bodies __________________________ （为人所知的）mummies.
5. He had received money from Lord Carnarvon, a British man who ___________________________ ( 对。。。感兴趣) in Egypt.
6.Richard Bethell , ____________( 死于) heart trouble four months after the tomb was opened .
7.Within seven years, 21 people who ________________________________(与。。。有关系) the opening of the tomb died.
8. If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death.
_______________________________________________________________________________
模块三Unit 1
Last week, 1(a terrible fog hit the city where I lived.) In the fog 2(I was so frightened __31__ I could hear my heart beating very fast,) but a tall man made me feel safe with his kindness.
That morning, I tried to take my usual bus home__32__ the fog got too thick, but the bus conductor told me to go to Green Park by Underground and find a taxi there. 3(I followed his __33__.) When I arrived at Green Park and got to the station entrance, it was empty---4(there was no one in sight.) The fog lay like a thick grey cloud.. Weather __34__ bad is really rare these days .5(It was impossible __35__ a taxi.)
I had to __36_ in the fog. I became frightened as I could hear footsteps __37__ couldn?t see anyone. The tall man spoke to me and offered help.6 (I was frozen with fear for a moment,)but then __38__ decided he had a kind voice, so I answered him
7(It was the best decision I had ever made.) He took my hand and led me confidently through the __39__ streets to my house. 8(His hand was rough but strong and warm. )I imagine my surprise when he told me he was blind! I wanted to invite him to my home to rest for a while, but he left so quickly to help other people __40__ got lost in the fog. How I regret that I didn?t have the chance to (express my thanks to him!)
( )31. A. this B. that C. what D. when
( )32. A. so B. before C. if D. until
( )33. A. gift B. suggest C. advice D. action
( )34. A. that B. very C. pretty D. such
( )35. A. find B. to find C. look D. to look
( )36. A. walk B. walked C. run D. ran
( )37. A. approach B. to approach C. approaching D. approached ( )38. A. she B. you C. he D. I
( )39. A. rainy B. foggy C. snowy D. stormy
( )40. A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
模块三Unit 2
Old English
1(Old English is very different from the English we speak nowadays.) In fact , we would not be able to _1__it if we hear it today. Before the middle of the 5th century, people in Britain all spoke a language __2_ Celtic. Then two Germanic groups from the European mainland---the Angles and the Saxons—occupied Britain. 2(Old English __3__ of a mixture of their languages.) (Both the English language and the English people are named __4__ the Angles; the word “Angle” was spelt “Engle”in old English.) Aside from__5__ names such as London, very few Celtic words became part of Old English. At the end of the 9th century, the Vikings, people from Northern European countries such as Denmark and Norway, 6__ to move to Britain. _7___ brought with them their languages , which also mixed with Old English. 3(By the 10th century,old English had became the official language of England.)
When we speak English today, we sometimes feel 8___ about which words or phrases to use. 4(This is __9__ English has many words and phrases from different languages, but with similar meanings.) For example , the word “sick”came from a word once used by the Angles and the Saxons, __10__ “ill” came from a word once used by the Norwegians.
( ) 1 A borrow B build C use D understand
( )2 A caught B cared C called D caused
( )3 A fixed B made C mixed D consisted
( )4 A by B after C for D from
( )5 A people B goods C country D place
( ) 6 A begin B begins C began D has begun
( ) 7 A They B He C We D She
( ) 8 A pleased B puzzled C puzzling D surprised
( )9 A why B because C how D when
( )10 A if B though C while D as
模块三Unit 3
I often wondered why the people of Pompeii did not run away before the V olcano erupted. As it turns out, they didn?t know what a __1__ was. In fact, the Romans did not even have a word for “volcano”. They had no idea that a volcano would __2__ them. Starting from 20 August AD 79, there were some earthquakes near the volcano. However , no one paid them much attention. Then, __3__ 24 of August, the mountain exploded, pouring out a cloud of __4__, the ash was very __5__--- as much as 350C when it reached the city. __6__was moving very fast. Most of the human remains from Pompeii have been found on the roads away from the city. The people were fleeing the city for their lives. However, they couldn?t get away fast enough, __7__ they were buried beneath the ash.
A famous Roman scholar __8__ to be on a boat nearby when all of this happened, so he went to the area to see what was _9__ on. Even he didn?t know what a volcano was. _10_ was unfortunate that he too died in the disaster.
1. A. city B. mountain C. volcano D. earthquake
2. A. find B. punish C. hate D destroy
3. A. on B. at C. as D. in
4. A. ash B. water C. fire D. earth
5. A. high B. hot C. red D. strong
6. A. There B. It C. He D. They
7. A. but B. because C. so D. for
8. A. used B. seemed C. happened D. remained
9. A. coming B. happening C. moving D. going
10. A. There B. This C. That D. It
双向翻译：This morning we attended a lecture about Pompeii. 1. The city was founded in the 8th century BC. In 89 BC, the Romans took over Pompeii. 2. 之后它成为了一座富裕的城市。Near the city was a volcano. On 24 August AD 79, the volcano erupted and lava ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside. It continued to erupt for the next two days. Many people were buried alive3 and so was the city. How unfortunate!
Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2000 years ago. 4. 多么令人惊叹啊！The city was forgotten for many years until the 18th century when a farmer found some stone with writing on it. People started to dig in the area for treasure, which causes much damage. So in 1861, 5. the area was put under government protection so it could be preserved and studied. 1. __________________________________________________________________________
2 ._________________________________________________________________________
3 ._________________________________________________________________________
4 ._________________________________________________________________________
5 . ________________________________________________________________________
模块四Unit 1
Dear Professor Liu,
I want to thank you for offering such useful advice dealing with my research. I have just published my article about ___1____ on our school website, and have already __2____ many kind comments about it from my __3_____. The information I found has really helped me educate others in the ways ____4___ companies promote their products.
Before I consulted you, I had no comprehension that a company might try to __5__ people into buying a product or service. Now, __6___ there are exciting pictures and _7____ language in an ad, I will remember to think before I buy something so that I will not be cheated.
I will also pay a lot more ____8___ to the public service ad campaigns. Now I know how ___9__ can benefit society. I will encourage my friends to pay attention to them as well. Thank you again for helping me find __10___much useful information!
（）1. A. story B. family C. article D. advertisement
（）2. A. found B. read C sell . D. received
（）3. A. students B. readers C. audience D. friends
（）4. A. in that B. which C. that D. at which
（）5. A. fool B. force C inspire . D . draw
（）6. A. because B. since C. as if D. even if
（）7. A. ugly B. clever C exciting D. surprising
（）8. A. money B. energy C. attention D. awareness
（）9. A. it B. I C. you D .they
（）10.A..more B. a C. such D so
句子翻译:
1.We are used to them that we often do not even realize how many we see and hear in a day.
___________________________________________________________________________
2. There are laws to protect people from advertisements that cheat people.
___________________________________________________________________________
3 可是不是多有的广告都愚弄我们。
__________________________________________________________________________
4. 公益广告的目的是教育我们并帮助我们生活的更好。
___________________________________________________________________________
5. When it comes to advertisements, we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them. _______________________________________________________________________________
模块四Unit 2
句子翻译：
Today Mr. Johnson, a member of the International Olympic Committee, visited a high school in Beijing. He made a speech there. In his speech, he talked about the history and
significance of the Olympic Games. He described the ancient Olympic Games. He said that athletes at the ancient games could only be men who spoke Greek, but today, both men and women from around the world can take part. The modern games, first held in 1896, were designed to make it possible for countries and people to live peacefully together.
Mr. Johnson also talked about some famous athletes．One example is Michael Jordan who won his second Olympic gold medal after a long break. He also mentioned Deng Yaping who won many gold medals. Mr. Johnson ended his speech by wishing the Olympic movement a successful future. The audience really enjoyed his speech..
1._____________________________________________________________________________ 2______________________________________________________________________________ 3._____________________________________________________________________________ 4_____________________________________________________________________________ 5______________________________________________________________________________
6 ______________________________________(我很高兴) to have been invited to your school.
7. They were held at Olympia in Greece ____________________________________（每四年）
8. Single women were allowed to _________________（参加）their own competition, at a separate festival ______________________ （为了纪念）Hera, the wife of the Greek god Zeus.
9. Now people all over the world are helping to __________________________（实现这个梦想）
模块四Unit3
RealCine is a virtual reality cinema. You?re sure to be_____1_____ by the RealCine experience, and will agree that this is an extraordinary technology that must be____2____ further. It works by making the viewers feel that they are actually in the _____3_____. Unlike ordinary cinema, RealCine _____4_____ all five of people?s senses: sight, hearing, smell, touch, and even____5___. Scientific studies show that VR can provide teenagers with ____6____ way to experience the world and make them work harder to make their dreams____7____ true. This effect has never been achieved in the history of cinema. ____8____ an argument has been put forward, with VR we can also do something that could ____9____ be achieved in real world. RealCine will ____10____ provide a fantastic opportunity for the film-making industry.
1. A. angry B. pleased C. amazed D. frightened
2. A. developed B. studied C. taken D. made
3. A. room B. world C. book D. film
4. A. interests B. excites C. moves D. surprise
5. A. mouth B. eye C. ear D. taste
6. A. a B. the C. no D. another
7. A. come B. get C. turn D. find
8. A. When B. After C. Although D. Because
9. A. always B. never C. even D. still
10. A. certainly B. hardly C. badly D. luckily
模块五Unit 1
Dear Annie,
I feel betrayed by my friend Hannah. We have been best friends 1_ primary school and spend almost every day with each other.
On Monday, we had a surprise math quiz. I thought it was quite easy and was not 2 about the results. The next day after class, my math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class! I felt so ashamed. I begged Hannah not 3 anyone else, and she said she would 4 my secret.
5 , the next day, I noticed that my classmates were
6 at me as I came into math class and, when I went to sit down, I was shocked to find a piece of paper on my desk that said, …Stupid Sarah got a D!? I thought that Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after
7 not to.
I was so angry that I went straight to Hannah and told her we weren?t going to be 8 any more. She was really upset and swore that she hadn?t told 9 , but I didn?t believe her explanation. I don?t think I can ever truly 10 . Now I?ve lost my best friend. What shall I do?
Yours sincerely,
Sarah
( ) 1. A. when B. before C. since D. while
( ) 2. A. worried B. happy C. sad D. surprised
( ) 3. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told
( ) 4. A. break B. find C. hold D. keep
( ) 5. A. However B. Besides C. Moreover D. afterwards
( ) 6. A. talking B. laughing C. smiling D. staring
( ) 7. A. promising B. asking C. telling D. answering
( ) 8. A. teachers B. friends C. students D. classmates
( ) 9. A. everyone B. no one C. someone D. anyone
( ) 10. A. like B. hate C. forgive D. forget
句子翻译：1. We have been best friends since primary school
____________________________________________________________________________ 2. I thought it would be quite easy and was not worried about the results.
____________________________________________________________________________ 3. I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz.
____________________________________________________________________________ 3. My Maths teacher told me that I had scored the lowest mark in the class!
_____________________________________________________________________________ 4. I was so upset that I felt like crying________________________________________________
6. Football is important to me, but so is our friendship.___________________________________
7. He got really angry with me._____________________________________________________
8He is usually cheerful and outgoing, but he has been really quiet and looks sad.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 9. I am really athletic and _______________________________ ( 擅长于踢足球)
10. 我最好另找一个朋友。__________________________________________________
模块五Unit 2
Good morning , everyone. I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical 1 .Many places have been destroyed 2 many plants and animals have died. This is 3 . Factories produce large amounts of harmful chemicals. The waste 4 create goes into the atmosphere and makes us sick. Other types of waste flow into our water, killing river and sea 5.
Much sea life is being destroyed by fishing boats as well. These boats catch large numbers of fish 6 giving them time to lay eggs. This will 7 in a smaller number of fish left for us to eat in the future.
8 we damage our environment , we keep producing more and more people who need more 9 to live on and more food to eat﹗
We need to think more about recycling our waste. It would be good to increase the amount of things we recycle, and teach people ways of living that do not 10 the environment.
( ) 1. A. drug B. medicine C. matters D. waste
( ) 2.A.so B. but C. and D. because
( ) 3.A.serious B. illegal C. surprising D. awful
( ) 4. A. it B. he C. they D. we
( ) 5. A. plants B. things C. animals D. life
( ) 6. A. without B. with C. including D. besides
( ) 7. A. lead B. bring C. result D. get
( ) 8. A. Since B. While C. As D. If
( ) 9. A. land B. surface C. space D. room
( ) 10.A.keep B. lose C. harm D. protect
句子翻译：
1. I believe that people are more important than fish and trees.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2 我们所需要的是更好的法律
_______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Asking around, I find many people willing to pay a little higher price for things that are friendly to the environment._______________________________________________________________ 4．Finally, those factories which pollute the environment should have to pay higher taxes.
______________________________________________________________________________ 5．你将为它付出代价
_______________________________________________________________________________
模块五Unit3
Dear Editor,
I read your articles about human cloning with great concern. I first heard 1______cloning animals from a single cell when I went to a lecture about Dolly the 2______. Dolly 3_______ cloned in 1996 in Britain. At the time, I thought that the whole concept of cloning was right. If we toy 4 nature, we might create problems. Who gave us the right to do this? And, what are the consequences of our actions?
It seems that I was correct---- your article says that Dolly died at a much younger age 5______a non-cloned sheep.
Also, I cannot 6______ the idea of cloning humans. We have no 7______ to experiment with
human life.
I believe that strict 8_______ should be put in place and governments should do more to stop human cloning. 9_________, the work of the Italian doctor, Severino Antinori, must be stopped. If I were the President of Italy, I would think about 10_______ his license.
Yours faithfully?
Wang Lin
( )1. A. of B. over C. from D. to
( )2. A. mice B. sheep C. fish D. human
( )3. A. is B. was C. were D. had
( )4. A. off B. across C. over D. against
( )5. A. than B. to C. towards D. beyond
( )6. A. receive B. accept C. get D. reach
( )7. A. possibility B. hope C. right D. chance
( )8. A. rules B. organizations C. rights D. laws
( )9. A. However B. such as C. As a matter of fact D. For example
( )10. A. giving away B. taking away C. putting away D. turning away
句子翻译1.
1. 多利在英国于1996年被克隆。
______________________________________________________________________________ 2. If we toy with life, we might create problems.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 她不健康而且死得早。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 4. The idea behind cloning sounds good, but there are many legal problems with it..
_______________________________________________________________________________ 1.I believe that we need strict laws to make it a crime to do human cloning.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2.I am in complete agreement with human cloning.
_____________________________________________________________________ 7. Seven years ago, my 10-year-old daughter died of heart failure.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 8. 她漂亮活泼而且聪明。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 9. If I had the opportunity, I would clone her immediately so that I could be with her again.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 10. 依我看，/在我个人看来
_______________________________________________________________________________ 11. 我为那个不能生孩子的女士感到遗憾
_______________________________________________________________________________ 12. The human race is using up Earth?s resources.
_______________________________________________________________________________ 13. but I would like to point out that there are many children in the world with no parents,
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(完整word版)英语词汇学复习大纲整理
1 B a s i c C o n c e p t s 基本概念 1.1 the definition of a word （ alone in a sentence. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.） 1.2 sound and meaning ：symbolic connection is almost always arbitrary and conventional . A dog is called a dog not because the sound and the three letters that make up the word just automatically suggest the animal in question. 1.3 sound and form ： 1.4 vocabulary 1.5 classification of words 词汇分类 basic word stock 基本词汇 nonbasic vocabulary 非基本词汇 by use frequency 按使用频率分： basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary 基本词汇和非基本词汇 by notion 按概念分： content words and functional words 实义词和功能词 by origin 按起源分： native words and borrowed words 本地词和外来词 all national character 全民性 stability 稳定性 productivity 多产性 polysemy 一词多义 collocability 搭配性 terminology 术语 jargon 行话 slang 俚语 argon 黑话 dialectal words 方言词 archaism 古语词 neologism 新词 neutral in style 文体上中性 frequent in use 使用频繁 native words 本地词 borrowed words 外来词 denizens 同化词 aliens 异形词 translation-loans 译借词 1. No enough letters: alphabet from Latin 2. Pronunciation changed more rapidly 3. Early scribes: change spelling for easier recognition 4. Borrowing: different rules of pronunciation and spelling obvious characteristics 明显的特点 (Functional words do not have notions of their own and their main function is to express the relation between notions, words, etc.)
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三年级英语测试题 This model paper was revised by the Standardization Office on December 10, 2020
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（）4.当你见到一位新朋友时，应该说：________ A. How old are you B. Goodbye. C. Nice to meet you! （）5. 当问别人身体怎样时，应该说：________ A. How are you B. How old are you C. Very well, thanks. 四、你认识Sarah和她的家人吗用线将下列图片与相应的单词连起来。 Father grandma sister brother mother Sarah grandpa 五、根据算式选出正确的答案（用线把算式与单词连起来）。 thirteen eleven 5+6= 9+7= nineteen 18-6= 13+7= twelve 14+5= 20-7= sixteen twenty 六、请将下列图画字母标号填入相应单词前的括号内。 ( ) 1. balloons ( ) 2. hamburger ( ) 3. rabbit ( ) 4. bear ( ) 5. eraser
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Chapter 9 Changes in Word Meaning 9.1 Causes of Changes in Word Meaning 9.2 Four Tendencies in Semantic Change 9.3 Semantic Development or Change Resulting from the Figurative Use of Words Definition: Change of meaning refers to the alteration of the meaning of existing words, as well as the addition of new meaning to established words. 9.1 Causes of Changes in Word Meaning A.Historical cause 历史原因 It often happens that though a word retains its original form ,its meaning has changed because the object which it denotes has changed . *Changes of meaning because of increased knowledge of the object described are common in the history of science. Eg. pencil ==is from a Latin word meaning “a little tail” or “a fine brush”, like our Chinese “pen”毛笔.Later, when it was made of wood and graphite ,it was still called a “pencil”. atom ==It was borrowed though Latin and French from Greek arouos,invisible. Thus atom meant originally “an particle too small to be divided”. This meaning is now out-of-date, because scientist have found out that atom can be split.
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about the film. 发言人说了一些演员的事情，然后继续介绍电影。 5.Differences of opinion are often the most difficult problem to resolve. 如何处理各种不同的意见是最难解决的问题。 6.When he looked for a job, John strongly felt that there was a widespread prejudice against men over forty. 在找工作的过程中，约翰强烈的感觉到针对年过四十的男性的那种歧视。 7.Children should be encouraged to reach a compromise between what they want and what others want. 应该鼓励孩子们在他们自己和他人的所想所愿中找到折中点。 8.The discovery seems to confirm that people lived here over 100 years ago. 这个发现印证了此处一百多年前有人居住。 9.The book was first published in 1994 and was subsequently translated into fifteen languages. 这本书首次出版于1994年，而后被译成15种语言。 10.Mind your own business. My affairs have nothing to do with you. 管好你自己吧。我的事与你无关。 11.Having worked in the company for two years, Mr. Smith is now taking care for marketing and public relations. 在公司工作两年后，史密斯先生如今负责市场营销和公共关系。
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在日常生活中可以根据所处的环境，所见到、所摸到的事物，联想相关的英语单词。例如： 打球时联想到：ball，(play)basketball，(play)football，(play)volleyball，playground等等；吃饭时联想到：dining-room，(have)breakfast，(have)lunch，(have)supper等等；睡觉 时联想到：bed，bedroom，gotobed，sleep，gotosleep，fallasleep等等。如果长期坚持下支，效果就会很好。 四.归类记忆法 众所周知，单词本身、单词与单词之间都存在着或多或少的联系，英语词汇中 有许多单词有着其近义词、反义词、一词多义、一词多音、同音词或形音形似词等内 在或外在的联系。因此，记忆单词的主要方法是把单词之间存在的这种联系挖掘归纳 出来，通过对比、对照的方式把学过的单词从各个方面进行归类 1.按词的构造归类 按词跟、前缀、后缀、合成词归类，找出词与词最本质 的联系。这种联系不仅使新词记得快、记得牢、记得久，而 且也同时复习了大量的旧词。合成词，如： schoolbag,school-boy,classroom,football,blackboard,etc. 前缀后缀词，如：unhappy,unhealthy,unfriendly,unlucky,worker,writer,visitor,us
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1.How can we keep friendship alive. Friendship is absolutely crucial for us. We have to do hard work to build up and sustain friendship. Here are some important ways to keep friendship alive .First of all, let your friends know that you care about them. If you can't be there at the given moment, say something like, I wish I could be with you. May I call you tomorrow? Be sure your friend knows she's cared about. Second, try to be with your friends when they are in trouble. Remember troubled people are most in need of their friends to stay around. The last but not the least, keeping friendship alive is to say to your friends I miss you and I love you . Remember? 2.Is it right for college students to have tattoos? Nowadays many college students like to highlight their personalities, to be their own. They have taken special ways to show their personalities. For example, some college students who are tattooed think tattooing is cool and shows great personality. But teachers and parents do not think tattooing is right for students. They believe to be a student you should dress like a student--no tattoos, of cause. Some people even believe that those who are tattooed are not good students. As far as I am concerned, although many people can not accept students' tattooing, nothing is wrong with tattooing. College students are grown-ups. They can tell right from wrong. If they want to be tattooed, just remember to tell them to select clean places, preferably with parental consents. 3.What do cultural difference mean ? Can you give some examples? Cultural differences mean differences among people in ways of thinking, life, aesthetic concepts, social practices, diet and etc. Let's talk about, for example, eating habits in different areas. In China, people prefer vegetables and fruits, for the Chinese believe that such things are rich in vc, which are good to health. However, western people are more likely to eat meat. Known as having a good tradition of hospitality , Chinese people always greet their guests with warm hand. Chinese meal table normally is filled with delicious food, yet the host is used to saying I am sorry. I don't think the food is good enough today and other courtesies. Host or hostess sometimes use their chopsticks to take food to the guest's bowl, which is considered as a way to show hospitality in China. However, in western countries, people emphasize respect to individuality. At dinner, people eat whatever they like or we say they eat at their own will. th birthday is one of the most important days in your life? Give reasons. 4.Do you consider your 18th birthday is considered the most important. Each birthday means a new year. I am most concerned about Yes, 18my 18th birthday as it is a sign of adulthood, indicating that I am no longer a child, but one who can try to do things independently and should be reliable for his or her own actions as an adult. Since my eighteenth birthday, I am entitled to go shopping alone, to travel alone and to live independently. I still remembered my 18th birthday. After my birthday celebration, I suddenly felt grown up, both physically and mentally. Birthday to me is an important turning point, enabling me to learn and think independently. So far as I am concerned about each birthday, I usually feel better. 5. Is money the most important thing in your life ? If not, what is it? No, money is not the most important thing in my life. I think the most important thing in life is love. First, everything is born of love. When a child is born, his parents give him or her lots of love in creating a healthy environment for him or her. Secondly, what society needs is also love, if there is no love among members in society, it will become listless apathy. Third, though money can buy something, it can not give or buy love. Love yourself and 8
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2. abdomen : Part Of the body below the CheSt and CliaPhragm,cOntaining the stomach.腹部 abdominal(adj)腹部的an abdominal OPeratiOn 月复咅8手术belly : (口)front Of the HUman body from the WaiSt to the groin;belly 肚子，胃 With an empty belly 空着肚子 in the belly Of a ShiP 在船腹里 belly OUt(动词用法):鼓涨,凸出The Wind bellied OUt the SaiIS 3. c onSeCrate : devote sth/sb to Or reserve sth/sb for a SPeCial (esp religious) PUrPOSe 扌巴sth/sb 献给 sth/sb 做某种(尤其宗教)用途COnSeCrate sth/sb to Sth COnSeCrate OneS Iife to the SerViCe Of GOd,to the relief Of SUffering献身于为神服务(解除世人痛苦)的事业 devote : give OneS time z energy to sth/sb; dedicate 为某人付出，向某人奉献，献身于devote Oneself/sth to sb/sth devoted(adj):热爱的，非常忠实的Z全心全意的a devoted SOn
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四题：本题做的很乱。失分率较高，与本题自身相关系，三年级 学生刚开始接触英语，26个字母绝大部分学生能够准确书写，并能按 顺序写出，但极个别学生书写错误。 五题：出现的问题是学生不理解所给的问句和答案，不明白句子 的汉语意思，本题两级分化比较严重，要不就是满分，要不就是零分。说明一些学生学得不够扎实，不够灵活，在书上会读，换个地方不会 认读，不理解意思，这与学生不会书写记忆单词句子有直接关系。 九题：本题失分严重。阅读短文对于三年级学生来说有些难，读 不懂短文，不理解意思;理解意思的，不会分析综合判断，只会把判断 的句子跟原文对比，只要有不一样的单词或句子就认为是错的，或看 见短文中有句子中的某个单词就加以判断，不能从整体上把握文章意思，加以分析判断。还有的学生审题不认真，要求让写T或F，学生大对勾和叉号。还有的同学空着不填。 十题：本题答题情况一般，造成失分原因是不知道句子汉语意思，所以不能准确的和对应的图连线。 总体来看，学生答英语试题的中不认真审题造成丢分严重;还有 抄单词和阅读对于学生有些难，造成失分严重;学生学得不够扎实，不 够灵活，换一个地方就不理解英语，不理解汉语意思了，有待增强培 养训练灵活认读使用的水平。 四、改进措施 1、努力更新语言教学观点，以学生发展为主，注重学生听、说、读、写等各种水平的培养。 2、改革课堂教学模式，注重培养学生语言实践水平。在课堂教 学中，尽量多给学生一些听、读和说的机会，让学生围绕所学内容， 并给结合自己生活实际实行对话练习，将所学知识与学生日常生活融 为一体，少一些机械记忆，多一些灵活使用。同时，课堂上尽量给学
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11 C h a p t e r 1 B a s i c C o n c e p t s 基本概念 1.1 the definition of a word （he definition of a word comprises the following points: (1) a minimal free form of a language; (2) a sound unity; (3) a unit of meaning; (4) a form that can function alone in a sentence. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.） 1.2 sound and meaning ：symbolic connection is almost always arbitrary and conventional. A dog is called a dog not because the sound and the three letters that make up the word just automatically suggest the animal in question. 1.3 sound and form ： 1.4 vocabulary 1.5 classification of words 词汇分类 basic word stock 基本词汇 nonbasic vocabulary 非基本词汇 by use frequency 按使用频率分： basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary 基本词汇和非基本词汇 by notion 按概念分： content words and functional words 实义词和功能词 by origin 按起源分： native words and borrowed words 本地词和外来词 all national character 全民性 stability 稳定性 productivity 多产性 p ol ysemy 一词多义 collocability 搭配性 terminology 术语 jargon 行话 slang 俚语 argon 黑话 dialectal words 方言词 archaism 古语词 neologism 新词 neutral in style 文体上中性 frequent in use 使用频繁 native words 本地词 borrowed words 外来词 denizens 同化词 aliens 异形词 translation-loans 译借词 semantic-loans 借义词 1. No enough letters: alphabet from latin 2. Pronunciation changed more rapidly 3. Early scribes: change spelling for easier recognition 4. Borrowing: different rules of pronunciation and spelling obvious characteristics 明显的特点
英语期末考试复习材料-新风尚
Part I Complete the Passage with the Correct Form of the Words. Mass media includes print media like newspapers and magazines, electronic media like radio, television and video and new age digital media like internet, blogs and mobile phones. To know the origin and history of media, we should know the growth and (1) _development_ of mass media. History of mass media can be (2) _traced_ back to the early days of dramas that were (3) _performed_ in various cultures. However, the term Mass Media originated with the print media that was also its first example. The first newspaper was printed in China 868 A.D, but due to the high cost of paper and illiteracy（文盲）amongst people, it didn’t (4) _prosper_. Regarding the (5) _origin_ of the Mass Media, Europe can boast to be the (6) _primary_ source. It was Johannes Gutenberg, who for the first time printed a book in a printing press in 1453. Gradually, during the post-Second World War period, radio, television and video were introduced. The audio-visual (7) _facilities_became very popular as they provided information and entertainment. Of late, it is the Internet which has become the (8) _latest_ and most popular of the mass media. Here, information is (9) _provided_ through various websites and search engines. One can play games, listen to radio while working and chat with friends and relatives, irrespective (不顾的) of location. It also gives information on (10) _various_ topics such as literature, politics, science, sports, fashion, movies, education, career, jobs etc. similar to other types of mass media. Thus, due to the progress of science and technology, history of media has evolved and reached the present-day world. Part IISentence Translation (From Chinese to English) 1.我们的信念与行动得到大众及社会的普遍肯定。（at large） Our beliefs and actions have been approved by the general public and the society at large. 2.我们的努力已经使落后地区发生了巨大变化。(bring about) Our efforts have brought about a great change for the better in backward areas. 3.我喜欢这栋房子的总构型，可是烟囱太大，不成比例。(out of proportion) I like the general style of this building, but the chimneys are out of proportion—they’re too big. 4.就自然资源而言，该国是南美洲最贫穷的国家之一。(in terms of) In terms of natural resources, it is one of the poorest countries in South America. 5.爬山之前最好有万全的准备，以防发生灾难。(in case of) It is best to be properly prepared before climbing in case of any disaster. 6.请你照老师的样子，读出那个单词的读音来。(the way) Please pronounce the word the way our teacher does.
英语词汇学笔记--名词解释篇
英语词汇学笔记之“名词解释篇” 2010.1.11济南1.Word --- A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic funtion. 2. Morpheme --- A morpheme is the minimal significant element in the composition of words. 3. Free morphemes or Content morphemes (Free root)--- They are morphemes that may constitute words by themselves : cat, walk. 4. Bound Morphemes or Grammatical morphemes--- They are morphemes that must appear with at least one other morpheme, either bound or free : Catts, walk+ing. 5. Bound root --- A bound root is that part of the word that carries the fundamental meaning just like a free root. Unlike a free root, it is a bound form and has to combine with other morphemes to make words. Take -dict- for example: it conveys the meaning of "say or speak" as a Latin root, but not as a word. With the prefix pre-(=before) we obtain the verb predict meaning "tell beforehand". 6. Affixes --- Affixes are forms that are attached to words or word elements to modify meaning or funtion. 7. Inflectional morphemes or Inflectional affixes --- Affixes attaches to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are inflectional ,thus known as inflectional morphemes. There is the regular plural suffix -s(-es) which is added to nouns such as machines, desks. 8. Derivational morphemes or Derivational affixes--- Derivational affixes are affixes added to other morphemes to create new words. 9. Prefixes --- Prefixes are affixes that come before the word, such as, pre+war. 10. Suffixes --- suffixes are affixes that come after the word, for instance, blood+y. Derivational morphemes/ derivational affixes --- A process of forming new words by the addition of a word element. Such as prefix, suffix, combing form to an already existing word. Prefixation ---- is the formation of new words by adding prefix or combing form to the base. (It modify the lexical meaning of the base) Suffixation--- is the formation of a new word by adding a suffix or combing form to the base and usually changing the word-class of the base. Such as boy. Boyish (noun- adjective) 11. Roo t --- A root is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analysed without total loss of identity. 12.Opaque Words--Words that are formed by one content morpheme only and cannot be analysed into parts are called opaque words, such as axe, glove. 13. Transparent Words--Words that consist of more than one morphemes and can be segmented into parts are called transparent words: workable(work+able), door-man(door+man).