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大学英语倒装板块

1 . 当“only+ 状语”位于句首表示强调时用倒装, 如不在句首或虽在句首但不修饰状语时用正常语序

Only in this way can we learn English well . (倒装)

You can learn English well only in this way . (正常)

Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion . (倒装)

You can come to a sound conclusion only when you have obtained sufficient data . 只有当

你获得足够的数据时, 你才能得出正确的结论。(正常)

Only by working hard can one succeed . 只有努力才能成功。

Only when one falls ill does one know the value of health . 只有生了病才知道健康的可贵。Only you can make it.(正常)

2 . never 等具有否定意义或否定形式的词或词组居于句首时用倒装, 不居句首时则用正常语序这类词或词组常用的有:never 从不seldom 很少rarely 很少little 一点也不, 几乎没有scarcely 几乎不，hardly 几乎不，not不, 没有，nowhere 没有地方，not often 不经常not a bit 一点也不，not until 直到??才still les s 更少，on no account 决不，not on any account 决不，hardly . . .when 一??就no sooner . . .than 一??就，on no consideration 决不

neither . . .( nor) 不??(也不)，in no circumstances 决不，under no circumstances 决不，in no way 决不not on one’s life 决不，at no time 从不in no case 决不，by no means 决不in vain 无效, 没有用，not infrequently 经常not once or twice 许多次，not only ( 或merely , alone , simply) . . .but also ( 或also , likewise) 不但??而且，

Not in frequently does she go downtown . 她经常进城。( = very often)，Little did I know that she had already left . 我一点也不知道她已经离开了。( = I did n’t know at all that . . .)

Rarely does he go to the movies . 他很少看电影。

Not o f ten do they meet . 他们不常见面。

Nowhere was the lost car to be found . 丢失的车哪里都找不到。

Never in all my life have I heard such nonsense ! (倒装)

I have never heard such nonsense in all my life . (正常)我从未听到过这种胡说!

Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a writer . (倒装)

Churchill was not only a statesman but also a writer . (正常)丘吉尔不仅是一位政治

家, 还是一位作家。

Note: 如果放在句首的否定词修饰句子的主语, 构成主语的一部分, 则不用倒装结构。例如: Scarcely a drop o f rain fell last month . 上个月几乎没下一滴雨。

Not a word was said . 一句话也没说。

但: Not a word did I say at the meeting . 我在会上一句话也没说。( not 修饰谓语动词)

3 . 英语中有的让步状语从句可用as, though 等引起的倒装结构表示, 其结构一般为“形容词(副词, 动词, 分词) + as( though) + 主语+ 谓语”

Young as she is , she has seen much of the world . 她虽然年轻, 但却见过很多世面。

Strange though it may appear, it is true . 看起来奇怪, 但却是真的。

Try as I might , I could not bring him round . 我虽然作了很大努力, 但还是说服不了他。Detest him as/ though we may , we must admire what he has accomplished . 我们可能会讨厌他, 但不得不羡慕他的成就。

Woman as she is , she is courageous . 她虽然是女人, 但却很勇敢。

Brave as he is, he trembles at the sight of a snake . 他虽然勇敢, 但看到蛇仍然会发抖。

Be a man ever so rich , he ought not to be idle . 人无论多富有都不该懒惰。( = No matter how rich a man may be . . ., = However rich a man may be . . .)

Be he king or slave, he shall be punished . 无论他是国王还是奴隶, 都必须受到惩罚。( = Let him be king or slave . . .)

Standing as it does on a hill, the temple commands a fine view . 这寺庙坐落在小山上, 风景优美。(原因)

Situated as it was near a market , the house was very quiet . 这房子靠近集市, 但却很安静。(让步)

比较:

Young as she was, she was equal to the task . 她虽然年轻, 但却胜任这项工作。(让步)

Young as she was , she was not equal to the task . 因为年轻, 她胜任不了这项工作。(原因)

判断下面的结构表示原因还是表示让步, as I do 为何成分:

Living , as I do, so remote from town , I rarely have visitors .

Note: that 引导原因状语从句时, 从句中的表语必须倒装。例如:

Coward that he was, he ran back as soon as the enemy attacked .

4 . 为加强语气,“so(such) . . .that”结构中的so 或such 位于句首时用倒装; to such a degree，(an extent) , to such lengths 等介词短语位于句首时也要用倒装

So fast did he walk that none of us was his equal . (倒装)

He walked so fast that none of us was his equal . (正常)

Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken . (倒装)

The force of explosion was such that all the windows were broken . (正常)爆炸的力量很大, 把

所有的窗户都震破了。

So dark was it that he could n’t see the faces of his companions . 天这么黑, 他看不见同伴的脸。To such lengths did he speak that everyone got bored . 他讲了很长时间, 大家都厌倦了。

6 . 为了生动地描写动作, in, out, away, up, down, off 等副词可以放在句首倒装

Away f lew the bird ! 鸟扑地一声飞跑了! (陈述句: The bird flew away . )

Down went the boat !船沉了! (陈述句: The boat went down . )

Of f went Jack ! 杰克去了! (陈述句: Jack went off . )

Out rushed a missile from under the bomber . 一颗导弹从轰炸机下唰地一声射了出去。

Up went the rocket into the air . 嗖的一声火箭上了天。

Note: 上述结构若主语为代词, 则用正常语序。例如:

Away they went . 他们走了。(陈述句: They went away . )

Over it turns ! 它翻过来了! (陈述句: It turns over . )

7 . 在比较状语从句和方式状语从句中用倒装

在复合句中, than 或as 引导的分句, 如果谓语动词省略或表语省略, 且是两个句子的主语相比较时, 要用倒装, 助动词放在主语前。例如:

She works as hard as does anyone else in the factory .

John will give you more than will Jack . 约翰给你的将比杰克多。

He is as responsible a man as are you . 他像你一样地负责任。

He travelled a great deal as did most of his f riends . 他到过很多地方旅行, 他的多数朋友也是这样。

Harry is unusually tall , as are his brothers . 哈瑞的个头特别高, 他的兄弟们也都是高

He was honest and diligent , as were most of his classmates .

He believed, as did the whole class, the window had been broken the night before .

Flying demands a much greater supply of energy than do most other forms o f transportation.

I spend less than do most of them . 我花费的比他们大多数人都少。

9 . 某些习惯说法中用倒装

How goes it with you ? 你好吗? ( = How are you ?)

How came it that she knew the secret ?她怎么会知道那个秘密的? ( = How did it come that . . .) What mattered it ?这有什么关系?

What care I ? 管我什么事?

What signi f ies it ? 这是什么意思?

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