2019中考英语 关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词引导的定语从句

定语从句——关系代词引导的定语从句

【关系代词引导的定语从句】

（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。

如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.

2) You must do everything that I do.

上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。

1、引导定语从句

2、代替先行词

3、在定语从句中担当一个成分

（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who指人，在从句中做主语

(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)

4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。

在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)

(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)

5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.

whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替

(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?

=Do you like the book is yellow?

【总结】：

一、关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。如：

1.This is the doctor _____________ came from London.

2.The book ___________________I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.

3. The desk_________________leg is broken is very old.

4. This is the room ______________Shakespeare was born in.

1．如果先行词是all， anything， something， nothing， everything， little， none 等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。

例如：All that are present burst into tears.

2．如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that，不用which。

例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.

3．which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思与and this相似。

例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.

4．先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词应该用that。

例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.

5．“介词＋关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。此结构中的介词可以是in, on, about, from, for, with, to, at, of, without等，关系代词常常只可用whom或which，不可用that。

例如：The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.

像listen to， look at， depend on， pay attention to， take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不将介词与动词分开。

例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.

一、典型例题

( )1、 -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？

-Yes，he‘s our headmaster.

A. he

B. who

C. which

D. whom

( )2、The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.

A. which； is

B. whom； was

C. who； is

D. who； was

( )3、Have you seen the film Titanic ___actors are very famous?

A who

B whose

C that

D whom

( )4、Ann asked the policeman ___he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.

A with him

B with whom

C who

D whom

( )5、A child ____parents are dead is called an orphan.

A which

B his

C whose

D with

( )6、This is the reason ______ he told me.

A、that

B、why

C、on which

D、for that

( )7、Do you know the scientist _______ gave us a talk just now?

A. who

B. whom

C. which

D. whose

( )8、This is the dictionary _______ Mum gave me for my birthday.

A. which

B. what

C. whose

D. whom

( )9、Shaolin Temple ________ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors

both at home and abroad.

A. where

B. which

C. who

D. what

( )10、—Do you know the girl _______ is standing under the tree?

—She is my little sister.

A. who

B. whom

C. whose

D. which

三、课后练习

( )1. Beijing is the 29th city _______ holds the Olympic Games.

A. where

B. that

C. which

D. what

( )2. Have you read the book _______ I gave you yesterday?

A. that

B. when

C. where

( )3. The man _______ came to our party with a present is my old friend.

A. when

B. which

C. who

( )4. I like writers _______ write short stories.

A. which

B. what

C. whom

D. who

( )5. This is the question _______ we are talking about now.

A. that

B. who

C. where

D. when

( )6. —What are you looking for?

—I am looking for the book _______ I bought yesterday.

A. who

B. which

C. whose

( )7. Jack, there is someone in the office _______ would like to speak with you.

A. who

B. which

C. whom

( )8. If a bag is filled with books and pens, it must belong to someone _______ works hard.

A. which

B. /

C. whom

D. who

( )9. Many young people prefer the songs _______ have great lyrics.

A. which

B. who

C. where

D. whom

( )10. Even teachers can’t understand some expressions _______ th eir students use in daily life.

A. whose

B. who

C. that

D. whom

( )11. The bridge ____ a big ship can go has been built.

A. under which

B. under that

C. in which

D. on which

( )12. The book ____ is torn is mine.

A. the cover of which

B. the cover of that

C. which the cover

D. whose cover of

( )13. He talked about the classmates and the school ____ he had visited.

A. who

B. that

C. which

D. about which

( )14. You have seen the girl ____ sister is a Chinese teacher.

A. whom

B. of whom

C. whose

D. of which

( )15. We should do all ____ is useful to people.

A. /

B. that

C. it

D. which

( )16. We came to a place ____ they had never paid a visit before.

A. which

B. in which

C. on which

D. to which

( )17. Those ____ finished doing it put up your hands.

A. who have

B. who has

C. which have

D. have

( )19. The man ____ was a friend of mine.

A. that you just talked to

B. whom you just talked to him

C. who you just talked to him

D. which you just talked to

( )20. I went to the school ____ my father once worked.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. on which

( )21. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived in the country with the farmers, _________has a great effect on my life.

A. that; which

B. when; which

C. which; that

D. when; who

( )22. The weather turned out to be very good, _______was more than we could expect.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. it

( )23. Carol said the work would be done by October, ___ personally I doubt very much.

A. it

B. that

C. when

D. which

( )24. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ___ , of course, made the others unhappy.

A. who

B. which

C. this

D. what

( )25. Have you seen the film "Titanic", ________ leading actor is world famous?

A. its

B. it's

C. whose

D. which

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环境保护 (2017·浙江衢州)D Heritage(遗产)is traditional customs, culture and beliefs(信仰). We use the world “heritage”in many different ways. People talk about their family heritage, their city’s heritage, and their country’s heritage. Today, heritage is changing. The Internet connects people around the world. In many ways this is a good thing, because we can learn about the heritage of other countries, and we can show our own heritage to the world. However, some people worry that traditional heritage is disappearing. Think about it. In many ways, countries are becoming more and more alike(相似的). In just about every country around the world, you can find MacDonald’s, Nike Shoes, Starbucks coffee, and American movies. Some people think this is a good change, and others don’t like it. You can decide whether or not you think it’s a good thing. However, everyone wants to protect their traditional heritage, and sometimes this is hard. For example, when a new MacDonald’s opens in your town, a traditional restaurant might have to close. This is why heritage protection is so important. Heritage protection is a simple idea. It means keeping your country’s or your city’s heritage alive. People do this in many ways. The biggest part of heritage protection is probably preserving(保护)old buildings. A few other examples of heritage protection are making sure your children speak your traditional language, and teaching your heritage to children. The world is changing very fast. This change brings a lot of good things. But as the world is changing, it is important to remember the heritage of our parents and our grandparents. 42. The examples in the second paragraph are used to__________. A. describe people’s love for heritage B. show the importance of heritage C. help people better understand heritage D. express the writer’s feeling about heritage 43. According to the passage, many countries are becoming_________. A. great B. similar C. large D. friendly 44. Which of the following is part of heritage protection?

初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解-练习及标准答案

定语从句１——关系代词引导的定语从句 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.ｅvery dａy& eｖerｙdaｙ evｅry dａｙ“每天”，作时间状语。eveｒydａy是形容词,“每天的,日常的”。 eg: She lｅarns sｏｍe eｖeryday Ｅnｇlish eｖeｒｙday. 她每天学一些日常英语。 He goｅs to bed ｌaｔe every ｄaｙ．他每天睡觉很晚。 ２．betwｅｅn& amｏng bｅtｗeeｎ常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间 amonｇ一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。 eｇ: Toｍis beｔween Ａnn and Maｒy.汤姆在安和玛丽之间。 Ｔheｙtａｌｋedａmoｎg tｈemｓｅlvｅs whiｌe thｅｙwａiｔｅd. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话 【固定搭配】tｏdo／doiｎg 在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式,也可以接动名词做宾语,但意思不同?1.forgｅt ｔo do 忘记做某事I’m sorｒｙ I ｆorgot tｏ poｓt tｈe lｅtteｒ． forgeｔ doinｇ做过某事忘了 I forgot teｌｌing hiｍｔhｅｎews ｔhe ｏther day. ?2. ｓtop ｔo do 停下来做某事He stoｐpeｄ to tａlｋ to ｍe ｗheｎ he saw me iｎ the ｓtreｅt yesｔerｄay. ｓtop doｉｎｇ停止做某事Ｐｌeａse stop talkinｇｌoudly ｉｎ the library. 3.try tｏ do 尽力做某事I’ｌl ｔry tｏ get there bｅforｅｓｕnｓet.我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。 try ｄｏing 试着做某事Ｗhy ｎoｔ tｒy kｎockiｎg aｔ the baｃｋ door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？ 4．ｒegrｅt to do 遗憾地将做某事 I rｅgret ｔo say ｔhａt Ｉcan’t gｏ with you. reｇreｔ doing 后悔做过某事I rｅgreｔｍｉssiｎg ｓuch a good cｈａｎce of praｃtｉsiｎｇ my spｏkｅｎ Engliｓｈ. 【关系代词引导的定语从句】 (一)、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：１）Thｅman wｈｏliｖeｓnｅxｔtｏus iｓ a ｐoliceman. 2)Yｏu must ｄｏeｖeryｔhｉng that I do. 上面两句中的maｎ和ｅｖerｙthinｇ是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词ｔｈat，which,who(宾格whom,所有格whｏｓe）和关系副词ｗhe ｒe, when、whｙ 、引导定语从句2、代替先行词３、在定语从句中担当一个成分 (二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 １.who指人，在从句中做主语 (１)Tｈe ｂoys who aｒe playinｇfootball arｅfrom CｌasｓOne.