毕业论文外文文献翻译mimo通信工程专业无线通信基础

毕业设计（论文）

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文献、资料中文题目：无线通信基础

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专业：通信工程

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翻译日期： 2017.02.14

毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译

外文出处无线通信基础(Fundamentals of

wireless communications by David

Tse)

附件：1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文

指导教师评价：

1．翻译内容与课题的结合度：□优□良□中□差2．翻译内容的准确、流畅：□优□良□中□差3．专业词汇翻译的准确性：□优□良□中□差4．翻译字符数是否符合规定要求：□符合□不符合

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附件1：外文资料翻译译文

7．mimo：空间多路复用与信道建模

本书我们已经看到多天线在无线通信中的几种不同应用。在第3章中，多天线用于提供分集增益，增益无线链路的可靠性，并同时研究了接受分解和发射分解，而且，接受天线还能提供功率增益。在第5章中，我们看到了如果发射机已知信道，那么多采用多幅发射天线通过发射波束成形还可以提供功率增益。在第6章中，多副发射天线用于生产信道波动，满足机会通信技术的需要，改方案可以解释为机会波束成形，同时也能够提供功率增益。

章以及接下来的几章将研究一种利用多天线的新方法。我们将会看到在合适的信道衰落条件下，同时采用多幅发射天线和多幅接收天线可以提供用于通信的额外的空间维数并产生自由度增益，利用这些额外的自由度可以将若干数据流在空间上多路复用至MIMO信道中，从而带来容量的增加：采用n副发射天线和接受天线的这类MIMO信道的容量正比于n。

过去一度认为在基站采用多幅天线的多址接入系统允许若干个用户同时与基站通信，多幅天线可以实现不同用户信号的空间隔离。20世纪90年代中期，研究人员发现采用多幅发射天线和接收天线的点对点信道也会出现类似的效应，即使当发射天线相距不远时也是如此。只要散射环境足够丰富，使得接受天线能够将来自不同发射天线的信号分离开，该结论就成立。我们已经了解到了机会通信技术如何利用信道衰落，本章还会看到信道衰落对通信有益的另一例子。

将机会通信与MIMO技术提供的性能增益的本质进行比较和对比是非常的有远见的。机会通信技术主要提供功率增益，改功率增益在功率受限系统的低信噪比情况下相当明显，但在宽带受限系统的高信噪比情况下则很不明显。正如我们将看到的，MIMO技术不仅能够提供功率增益，还可以提供自由度增益，因此，MIMO技术成为在高信噪比情况下大幅度增加容量的主要工具。

MIMO通信是一个内容非常丰富的主题，对它的研究将覆盖本书其余章节。本章集中研究能够实现空间多路复用的物理环境的属性，并阐明如何在MIMO统计信道模型中简明扼要地俘获这些属性。具体分析过程如下：首先通过容量分析，明确确定确定性MIMO信道多路复用容量的关键参数，之后介绍一系列MIMO物理信道，评估其空间多路复用性能；根据这些实例的结果，我们认为在角域对MIMO信道进行建模是非常自然地，同时讨论了基于该方法的统计模型。本章采用的方法与第2章的方法是平行的，第2章就是从多径无线信道的几个理想实例着手进行分析，从中了解了基本物理现象，进而研究更适用于通信方案设计与性能分析的统计衰落模型。实际上，在特定的信道建模技术中，我们将会看到大量的类似方法。

我们贯穿始终的研究焦点是平坦衰落MIMO信道，但也可以直接扩展到频率选择性MIMO 信道，这方面的内容会在习题中加以介绍。

7.1确定性mimo信道的多路复用容量

包括n

t 副发射天线和n

t

接受天线的窄带时不变无线信道可以用一个n

t

*n

t

阶确定性矩阵

H描述，H具有哪些决定信道空间多路复用容量的重要属性呢？我们通过对信道容量的分析来回答这个问题。

7.1.1通过奇异值分解分析容量

时不变信道可以表示为：y = Hx+w_

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毕业论文 外文翻译#(精选.)

毕业论文（设计）外文翻译 题目：中国上市公司偏好股权融资：非制度性因素 系部名称：经济管理系专业班级:会计082班 学生姓名：任民学号： 200880444228 指导教师：冯银波教师职称:讲师 年月日

译文： 中国上市公司偏好股权融资：非制度性因素 国际商业管理杂志 2009.10 摘要：本文把重点集中于中国上市公司的融资活动，运用西方融资理论，从非制度性因素方面，如融资成本、企业资产类型和质量、盈利能力、行业因素、股权结构因素、财务管理水平和社会文化，分析了中国上市公司倾向于股权融资的原因，并得出结论，股权融资偏好是上市公司根据中国融资环境的一种合理的选择。最后，针对公司的股权融资偏好提出了一些简明的建议。 关键词：股权融资，非制度性因素，融资成本 一、前言 中国上市公司偏好于股权融资，根据中国证券报的数据显示，1997年上市公司在资本市场的融资金额为95.87亿美元，其中股票融资的比例是72.5％，，在1998年和1999年比例分别为72.6％和72.3％，另一方面，债券融资的比例分别是17.8％，24.9％和25.1％。在这三年，股票融资的比例，在比中国发达的资本市场中却在下跌。以美国为例，当美国企业需要的资金在资本市场上，于股权融资相比他们宁愿选择债券融资。统计数据显示，从1970年到1985年，美日企业债券融资占了境外融资的91.7％，比股权融资高很多。阎达五等发现，大约中国3/4的上市公司偏好于股权融资。许多研究的学者认为，上市公司按以下顺序进行外部融资：第一个是股票基金，第二个是可转换债券，三是短期债务，最后一个是长期负债。许多研究人员通常分析我国上市公司偏好股权是由于我们国家的经济改革所带来的制度性因素。他们认为，上市公司的融资活动违背了西方古典融资理论只是因为那些制度性原因。例如，优序融资理论认为，当企业需要资金时，他们首先应该转向内部资金（折旧和留存收益），然后再进行债权融资，最后的选择是股票融资。在这篇文章中，笔者认为，这是因为具体的金融环境激活了企业的这种偏好，并结合了非制度性因素和西方金融理论，尝试解释股权融资偏好的原因。

java毕业论文外文文献翻译

Advantages of Managed Code Microsoft intermediate language shares with Java byte code the idea that it is a low-level language witha simple syntax , which can be very quickly translated intonative machine code. Having this well-defined universal syntax for code has significant advantages. Platform independence First, it means that the same file containing byte code instructions can be placed on any platform; atruntime the final stage of compilation can then be easily accomplished so that the code will run on thatparticular platform. In other words, by compiling to IL we obtain platform independence for .NET, inmuch the same way as compiling to Java byte code gives Java platform independence. Performance improvement IL is actually a bit more ambitious than Java bytecode. IL is always Just-In-Time compiled (known as JIT), whereas Java byte code was ofteninterpreted. One of the disadvantages of Java was that, on execution, the process of translating from Javabyte code to native executable resulted in a loss of performance. Instead of compiling the entire application in one go (which could lead to a slow start-up time), the JITcompiler simply compiles each portion of code as it is called (just-in-time). When code has been compiled.once, the resultant native executable is stored until the application exits, so that it does not need to berecompiled the next time that portion of code is run. Microsoft argues that this process is more efficientthan compiling the entire application code at the start, because of the likelihood that large portions of anyapplication code will not actually be executed in any given run. Using the JIT compiler, such code willnever be compiled.