大学英语四听力原文

真题短篇新闻（1-7）

News Report 1

（1）The International Labor Organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing. In its latest update on global employment trends, the agency says projections of the number of unemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people. The report warns that 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people living on less than 2 dollars per day in the past three years. （2）The director general of the International Labor Organization Juan Somavia notes that some countries have taken measures to address the effects of the global crisis.

However, he points out that many countries have not done so. And based on past experiences, it takes four to five years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels. Mr. Somavia says the International Labor Organization is proposing a global jobs' agreement to deal with unemployment. 'It's key objective is to play so the center of recovery efforts, measures that would generate high levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable.'

Q1. What is the news report mainly about

解析：第一道题是主旨大意题，我们课上讲过新闻题开头部分很重要，而本道题第一句话就给出了这篇新闻的主旨。这句话重点在从句部分，the number of people without jobs is increasing 失业人数增加，对应选项中C项的Rising unemployment，而这个国际组织international也暗示了是世界范围的失业人数。所以答案选C。

Q2. What does, Juan Somavia, the director general of the International Labor Organization say

解析：原文中提到某人说的话，说一部分国家开始处理全球危机带来的影响，又一个转折，however，很多国家没这么做。结合这两句，和我们选项中的C项Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis同义替换。听完问题便可确认此答案。

News Report 2

（3）Big fast food chains in New York City have started to obey a first of its kind rule, requiring them to post calorie counts right on the menu. Cathy Nurses is with the New York City department of health, 'We wanted to give people an opportunity to actually see the calories before they purchased the food and make a decision and inform decision. That if they want to make their healthier choice, if they want to eat fewer calories they can. And we expect this will have a huge impact on obesity. And of course, if it has an impact on obesity, it will have an impact on diabetes and heart disease and high blood pressure. 'The new rules will introduce as a part of anti-obesity campaign. That also includes a recent citywide ban and artificial trans-fats in restaurant food. The menu roll only applies to restaurants that serve standardized potion sizes and have fifty more locations nationwide.（4）Starting last Saturday, chains big enough to fall under the rule will face penalties about 2000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent spot on their menus preferably next to the price.

Q3. What are big fast food chains in New York City require to do according to the new rule 解析:本道题比较简单，属于原文重现，原文中提到post calorie counts right on the menu，对应了选项中的B) Put calorie information on the menu，将卡路里信息写在菜单上。故答案为B。

Q4. What would happen to big restaurant chains that violate the new rule

解析：看四个选项提到了they,那么问题很有可能和原文中多次提到的快餐连锁有关，原文最后一句话提到快餐连锁如不公布热量信息将会被处以200美元的罚金，及对应选项中的be fined“被罚款”这个信息，答案为A) They will be fined.

News Report 3

（5）Almost all companies recognize the importance of innovation today. But not many are able to integrate innovation into their business.

A commentary in the Shanghai Daily points out that innovation doesn't mean piles of documents. It is something more practical. （6）The article says many people tend to assume that innovation just means creating something new, but actually it's more than that. It's an attitude of doing things. A company should find ways to innovate not just in products but also in functions, business models and processes.

（7）The article cites the global giant Procter & Gamble as an example, saying a real innovative company should develop an innovation culture and use it as a primary tool for success. Procter & Gamble has a “Corporate Innovation Fund” which offers big rewards for high-risk ideas that succeed. It also has a special innovation facility for its employees. Sometimes its employees are released from their daily jobs for weeks and spend their time interacting in the innovation facility instead. In conclusion, the article says innovative ideas alone do not ensure success. It's pointless unless there is a repeatable process in place to turn inspiration into financial performance.

Q5. What is the problem with many companies according to the news report

解析：本文中一直提到的词是innovation”创新”,文中第一句话就提到not many are able to integrate innovation into their business，没有多少公司能够将创新整合进自己的商业模式上，原文重现对应到我们的选项D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.

Q6. What do many people tend to think of innovation

解析：原文中借article之口提出很多人对创新的看法是innovation just means creating something new 创新就是创造新东西，接着又提到说创新远不止这些。而确认问题是大部分人的观点，故选择和原文同义替换的一个表达B) It is the creation of something new. 作为正确答案。

Q7. What does the company Procter & Gamble owe its success to

解析：本题作为一个举例信息在原文中被提到，原文直接说到一个名词叫做innovation culture创新文化，接着说use it as a primary tool for success 把他作为走向成功的主要方式。由此可知问题的答案应为C) Its innovation culture.

长对话（8-11）

Conversation One

M: So, Linzy, do you like to text message on your cell phone

W: Yeah, I text message a lot.

M: I don't do it so much. I prefer to make a call if I'm in a hurry.

W: Yeah, I go both ways. Sometimes I don’t really want to talk to the person. I just want to ask them one question, so it's much easier for me just to text message.（9）If I call them, I'll have to have a long conversation.

M: Yeah, I can see what you mean.（8）But I get off the phone pretty quickly when I call. I'm not a big talker.

W: Yeah, that's true. You don't talk a lot.

M: So are you fast at writing the messages with your thumb

W: Well, when I first got a cell phone, I was so slow. I thought I would never text message. But then people kept text messaging me, so I felt obliged to learn how to text message. So now I'm pretty fast. What about you

M: Actually I have the opposite problem. （10）When I first got my cell phone, I thought it was so cool to text message all my friends who have one, and I was pretty fast with my thumb then. But it seems like now I don't use it so much, I've got slower actually.

W: Yeah, I think text messaging actually is what you have to do with your age. For example, people in high school, they text message a lot. But I ask my father if he texted messages, and guess what he said

M: What

W: He said he'd never text message. （11）He thinks it's very childish and unprofessional to text message.

M: Yeah, I can see what he means. It's considered pretty informal to text message to someone.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you've just heard.

Q8: What does the man say about himself

解析：看选项中提到的选项是关于“he”的，所以重点去听关于男士的信息和选项对应的内容。原文中提到他不爱发短信，打电话也会很快挂掉电话，可知答案应选择一个同义替换的表达D)He does not talk long on the phone.

Q9: What does the woman tend to do while she is on the phone

解析：原文中提到女士说的一句话If I call them, I'll have to have a long conversation. 由此可知，女士打电话的时间是很长的，故答案选择B) talk at length.

Q10: Why did the man text message all his friends when he first got his cell phone

解析：看选项重点去听男士的话，当听到I thought it was so cool to text message 的时候就可以猜测问题是关于男士开始使用手机时的，可选出A) He thought it was cool.他认为发信息很酷。

Q11: What does the woman's father think of text messaging

解析：本题原文重现，提到女士的父亲对发信息的观点，He thinks it's very childish and unprofessional to text message.很幼稚和不专业，和选项C) It is childish and unprofessional.对应，最终确认问题选择C项。

长对话（12-15）

Conversation Two

W: Good morning, Mr. Johnson. How can I help you

（12）M: Well, I'd like to talk to you about Tim Bond, the department manager.

W: What seems to be the problem

（13）M: Well, ever since Sandra left the department, I feel like I've been targeted to do all her work as well as mine. I'm expected to attend too many meetings and I seem to be spending a lot of my time doing unnecessary paper work.

W: I'm sorry to hear that.

（13）M: And, on top of that, I'd specifically asked if I could leave early last Friday as I done a lot of overtime during the week. But that afternoon, even though I'd finished my assigned work, I was told to help other colleagues finish their work, too.

（14）W: But surely that's a positive sign showing that Mr. Bond has a lot of trust in you. M: Yes, but other colleagues get to leave early, and they don't have such a lot of work to do.

（12）W: So you feel he's really making unrealistic demands on you

M: Yes, absolutely.

W: Have you approached Mr. Bond about this particular problem

M: I've tried, but it seems like he just has no time for me.

W:（15）Well, at this stage, it would be better if you approached him directly. If nothing else showing that you've tried to solve the problem yourself before you take it further. Make it clear that you're just not a complainer. Why don't you send an email requesting a meeting with him in private

M: Hmm, I've been a bit worried about his reaction. But anyway I'll send him an email to request a meeting, and I'll see what happens from there. Thanks for your advice.

W: Good luck. And let us know the outcome.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you've just heard.

Q12. What do we learn about the man from the conversation

解析：对话第一个回合就提到男士要说关于他们经理的事情，也提到经理分配给他很多任务，由此可知其对他们经理有些不满意，故答案选B)He is unhappy with his department manager.

Q13. What is the man's chief complaint

解析：原文中也多次提到了男士关于其工作量的描述，全部是关于工作量太大的抱怨，所以可以总结出答案应该为A) His workload was much too heavy.

Q14. How does the woman interpret the fact that the man was asked to help his colleagues with their work

解析：原文中关于男士对其工作量大的抱怨，回应说是出于信任Mr. Bond has a lot of trust in you. 原文内容和选项直接对应，故答案选C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.

Q15. What did the woman advise the man to do

解析：原文中关于男士的抱怨，女士提到一个表示建议的内容，Well, at this stage, it would be better if you approached him directly. 这句话中的approached him directly 对应选项中的Talk to his boss in person，属于同义替换，故答案选D) Talk to his boss in person first. 听力篇章1（16-18）

Passage One

（17）The massive decline in sleep happened so slowly and quietly that few seemed to notice the trend. Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet, video games and endless TV channels Never disconnecting from work （17）No matter how it happened, millions of Americans are putting their health, quality of life and even length of life in danger.

（16）New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is a top priority. Some 40% of Americans get less than 7 hours of shut-eye on week nights. "The link between sleep and health, and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer." says Lawrence Alberstaine, a sleep expert at Harvard University. For example, sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in recent years. At the same time, high blood pressure has become an increasing problem. Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels during sleep. （18）People who sleep less tend to have higher blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and other problems.

（16）Sleeping better may help fight off illness. "When people are sleep-derived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function." says Doctor Felice, of Northwestern University in Chicago. A university of Chicago study shows

people who sleep well live longer. So say good night sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a ripe old age.

Q16. What is the speaker mainly talking about

解析：主旨大意题，根据原文内容可以知道文章主讲的是睡眠的重要性。故答案选A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life。

Q17. What do we learn from the talk about today's Americans

解析:文章开头部分提到了关于睡眠时间减少的趋势，接着说很多美国人的健康等受到了威胁，原文中的内容The massive decline in sleep happened so slowly对应选项中的They get less and less sleep，故答案选C。

Q18. What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack sleep

解析：原文中重现了选项中的信息，即缺少睡眠会使人血压升高，确认问题后可判断答案选D) Their blood pressure will rise。

Passage Two（19-21）

Parents and teachers will tell you not to worry when applying for a place at a university. But in the same breath will remind you that it is the most important decision of your life. （19）The first decision is your choice of course. It will depend on what you want to get out of university, what you are good at and what you enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim high but within reason. Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely to meet entry requirements The deadline is January 15th. But it is best to submit your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.

（20）The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement. This is your chance to convey boundless enthusiasm for the subject. So economy of

expression is foremost. Omit dull and ineffective generalities and make sure you give concrete examples.

Admissions officers read every personal statement that arrives. It is not convincing if you

say you have chosen the subject because you enjoy it. You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. （21）They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject.

Applicants should be honest. There is no point saying you run marathons, if you are going

to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.

Q19. What is the first decision you should make in preparing to apply for a place at a university

解析：第一道题直接原文重现，The first decision is your choice of course，和选项中的同

义替换的表达对应，即答案B) What course you are going to choose

Q20. What is the most important part of the application

解析：听力中的最高级的表达也要注意下，原文中提到申请最重要的部分是personal statement，故答案选D) The personal statement

Q21. What must applicants do in their personal statements

解析：本题选项中的C）Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject在原文中有重现They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject，原文中提到关于个人陈述的要求和注意事项。由此可以得出申请者在个人陈述中必须要做的事情是他们对于这个科目的想法和反思。

Passage Three（22-25）

（22）It is widely believed that German invented the first car in 1885. It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear. Soon, members of the royal family and other

wealthy people took up motoring as a sport. Many of the early cars had 2 seats. （23）There were no petrol pumps and few garages, so every driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns.

By 1905, cars began to look like cars of today, with head lamps, wind screen, rubble tires and number plates.（24）Henry Ford's Model T introduced in America in 1909 was cheaper because it was made on the assembly line. It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people. With the popularity of the car, registration became a must in 1903 with the motor car act. Competency tests were introduced in 1935.

Today, the legal driving age for a car in the UK is 17. You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test. In 1958, Britain celebrated the opening of its first motor way – the Preston Bypass. Until then, no one really understood what a motor way was, not even the laborers who were building it. （25）The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism. Service stations came with the motor way and the legend of the transport cafe was born. Of course, the service station has diversified greatly. But whether it’s an English-cooked breakfast or a coffee and a sandwich, one thing has remained the same: the prices.

Q22. What does the speaker say about the first motor car

解析：原文开头提到了关于德国人在1885年制造了第一辆汽车，可知B项为正确答案。即B) It was built in the late 19th century.

Q23. What was the problem with the early cars in Britain

解析：由原文可知，早期的汽车大多是容易坏的，所以每个人都要会修理车子。故答案选择D) They often broke down.

Q24. Why did Henry Ford's Model T cars cost less

解析：本题有原文重现的信息，Henry Ford's Model T introduced in America in 1909 was cheaper because it was made on the assembly line. cheaper对应了问题中的cost less，made on 和produced on 对应，故答案选A) They were produced on the assembly line. Q25. What do we learn about the Preston Bypass

解析：原文中提到Preston Bypass发明了高速路，开创了汽车出行的新时代，The bypass held a new era in motor travel，与选项C完全对应，属于原文重现的信息，故答案选C) It marked a new era in motor travel

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