自考英语(二)课文每单元重点句型总结

自考英语(二)课文每单元重点句型总结

Unit 1

·The purpose of making a decision is to establish and achieve organizational goals and objectives.

决策的目的是为了建立并达到组织的目的和目的。

·Managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance.

管理者经常必须对未来的情况做出最佳的猜测，尽管不存侥幸。

·For managers，every decision has constraints based on policies，procedures，laws，precedents，and the like.

对于管理者来说，每次决策都是受到政策、程序、法律、惯例等因素的制约。

·But the tendency to simplify blinds them to other alternatives.

但是这种简化倾向会他们对于其他的可选项视而不见。

·Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best—that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals.

决策者们必须有办法决定数个可选项中哪一个是最好的—哪一个对组织目标的实现起作用最大。

·Different individuals frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals，the best choice may depend on who makes the decision.

·Because different individuals frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals，the best choice may depend on who makes the decision.

因为个人通常会就如何达到目标持不同见解，所以最佳选择往往取决于谁来决策。

·When presented with a common case，sales managers tend to see sales problems，production managers see production problems，and so on.

当面对同一件事例时，销售部门经理易于看到销售问题，生产部经理则会看到生产问题，如此等等。

·People often assume that a decision is an isolated phenomenon.

人们通常认为决策是一个孤立的现象。

·The literary critics should be as objective as possible in analysis and judgment.

文学批评家在分析和评价时应该尽量不偏不倚。

·She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues.

她总喜欢为极小的问题进行争论。

·I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.

我说服他不做这样危险的旅行。

·Although he thought he was helping us with the job，he was only in the way.

虽然他以为他在帮我们干这件事，但他只是在碍我们的事。

Unit 2

·The terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon are inadequate here.

我们通常用来描述科学现象的现有术语在这里不够用。

·Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape.

天文学家和科学家认为黑洞是一种空间区，物质可以掉进黑洞，但任何物质不能从黑洞中逃脱。

·Some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point.

某些星体的密度增大到某一特定点时便发生爆炸。

·This process of shrinking may be so intense that a black hole results.

收缩的过程可能非常强烈一致产生黑洞。

·It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes.

只是近几年天文学家才开始具体研究黑洞。

·Very advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind.

由于有非常先进的技术，人们也许能在将来利用黑洞的能量为人类服务。

·He has exerted all his strength to attain his goal.

他已经尽了全力以达到自己的目标。

·He has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my mind.

他一直在施加种种压力要我改变主意。

·The collapse of the government left the country in confusion.

政府的倒台使全国陷入混乱之中。

·The research group launched out into a series of new experiments.

研究小组着手进行了一系列新的实验。

Unit 3

·Each time it is shown，the program starts a nationwide debate on the subject.

每次播放都引起对这个问题的全国性大辩论。

·In addition to this， a second doctor must confirm that these criteria have been met.

此外，还必须有一名医生证实这些标准已经得到满足。

·In the vast majority of euthanasia cases，what the patient is actually asking for is something else.

·Euthanasia doesn't take into account that there are ways of caring for the dying.

·Anything that legally allows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.

法律上允许缩短生命的任何做法只会使这些人更易受到伤害。

·Instructions will be sent immediately on request.

说明将按要求立即寄出。

·Many people opposed building a new highway because of the great cost.

由于代价过于高昂，许多人都反对修一条新公路。

·She bore the whole burden of raising two children alone.

她一个人负起抚养两个孩子的全部责任。

·Students are heavily burdened with home assignments.

学生家庭作业负担过重。

·The committee demands that no member （should）be absent.

委员会要求任何成员不得缺席。

Unit 4

·Of these 20，000，just under 2000 are being exploited and abused by their employers.

·In one of them， a Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder，despite protests from various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established.

·I was supposed to be paid ￡120 but I never received that amount.

·My employers always threatened to report me to the Home Office or the police.

·Many people doubt whether this will successfully reduce the incidence of abuse.

·So if they do complain，they risk being deported.

·It is the right to change employers which distinguishes employment from slavery.

·The student exploits every possibility to learn English.

这个学生利用一切可能性学英语。

·Our country is launching a campaign against waste.

我们国家正在开展反浪费运动。

·We should be always aware of the status of world affairs.

我们应该时刻关注世界形势。

·There are likely to be more difficulties than you were prepared for.

很可能遇到的困难比你想到的多。

Unit 5

·The new music was built out of materials already in existence.

·They freely took over elements from jazz，from American country music，and as time went on from even more diverse sources.

·What developed was a music readily taking on various forms and capable of an almost limitless range of expression.

·In studio recordings，new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce live.

·Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic increase in volume，the music becoming as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand

·Often music was played out of doors，where nature provided the environment.

·The social and political transformation of a country is essential to the development of the society.

一个国家的社会和政治改革对社会的发展非常重要。

·All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice.

所有的理论都来源于实践，并反过来为实践服务。

Unit 6

·Robots，becoming increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world，are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.

·The robots used in nuclear power plants handle the radioactive materials，preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation.

·Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task，they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.

·Other engineers are writing new programs allowing robots to make decisions such as

whether to discard defective parts in finished products.

·These future robots，assembled with a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions，will have plenty of work to do.

·Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.

·His words cast a new light on the problem.

他的话题使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。

·We should be aware of the dangers of exposing children to violence on TV.

我们应该意识到儿童接触有关暴力节目的危害。

Unit 7

·People in advanced industrial societies are increasingly concerned with opportunities for leisure and what they can do in their leisure time.

·Generally speaking，the quality of life，especially as seen by the individual，is meaningful in terms of the degree to which these various areas of life are available or provide satisfaction to the individual.

·The specific use of leisure varies from individual to individual.

·Experiences of a different nature，be it television watching or bird-watching，can lead to a self-renewal and a more “balanced” way of life.

·Such attitudes amount to a recognition that leisure is an important area of life and a belief that leisure can and should be put to good use.

·To impart positive leisure attitudes to the general public is essential for motivating them to use their leisure in creative and satisfying ways.

·It can be argued that the people with whom we come into contact in these various contexts are all likely to have exerted some influence in shaping our attitudes，interests and even skills relevant to how we handle leisure.

·The more seriously this is sought，the more likely positive attitudes towards leisure as well as academic work will be encouraged.

·You have to attach a label to a box while posting it.

·We should make our lives relevant to the needs of the country.

·He always has some positive ideas on company policy.

Unit 8

·The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across at some time.

·The effects of rapid travel on the body are actually far more disturbing than we realize.

·He later blamed his poor judgment on Jet Lag.

·Now that we understand what Jet Lag is，we can go some way to overcoming it.

·In time，the physiological system will reset itself，but it does take time.

·It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone.

·That is by no means the best way of proceeding.

·He didn't take alarm at the news.

·The pianist promoted a grand benefit concert.

·He didn't want to be tied to a steady job.

Unit 9

·The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth，the older its population is likely to be—at least，for any future that concerns us now.

·To these now familiar facts a number of further facts may be added，some of them only recently recognized.

·There is the appreciation of the salient historical truth that the aging of advanced societies has been a sudden change.

·Taken together，these things have implications which are only beginning to be acknowledged.

·There is often resistance to the idea that it is because the birthrate fell earlier in Western and Northwestern Europe than elsewhere，… that we have grown so old.

·Long life is altering our society，of course，but in experiential terms.

·Your account of what happened approximates to the real facts.

·His earnings are out of all proportion to his skill and ability.

Unit 10

·A minor-party or independent candidate，… can draw votes away from the major-party nominees but stands almost no chance of defeating them.

·In deciding whether to pursue a course of action，they try to estimate its likely impact on the voters.

·The slogan was meant as a reminder to the candidate and the staff to keep the campaign focused on the nation…s slow-moving economy.

·Whether voters accept this image，however，depends more on external factors than on a candidate…s personal characteristics.

·As in 1980，when Jimmy Carter lost to Ronald Reagan during tough economic times，the voters were motivated largely by a desire for change.

·Bush tried to stir images of his strong leadership of the war，but voters remained concerned about the economy.

·The invention is going to cause a big stir in the world.

·You should save up money to make provision for the future.

Unit 11

·Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce misleading results.

·It would be completely irresponsible and unethical to use drugs on people that had not been thoroughly tested on animals.·One experiment in nerve regeneration involves cutting a big nerve in a rat…s l eg，leaving its leg paralysed.

·Even with these new developments in research，only a tiny proportion of all tests are done without using animals at some stage.

·The use of animals in experiments cannot stop immediately if medical research is to continue and consumer products are to be properly tested.

·When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body，we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals.

·I was surprised to see his room in such a litter.

·The conditions that existed ten years ago are reproduced today.

Unit 12

·Until recently daydreaming was generally considered either a waste of time or a symptom of neurotic tendencies.

·At its best，daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life.

·As with anything carried to excess，daydreaming can be harmful.

·There is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a lack

of daydreaming rather than an excess of it.

·Daydreaming significantly contributes to intellectual growth，power of concentration，and the ability to interact and communicate with others.

·Daydreaming resulted in improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability.

·Contrary to popular belief，constant and conscious effort at solving a problem is，in reality，one of the most inefficient ways of coping with it.

·Whenever confronted with a task which seemed too hard to be dealt with，he would stretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind.

·The important thing to remember is to picture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them.

·Daydreaming is highly beneficial to your physical and mental well-being.

·Escape being impossible，the rabbit turned to confront the dog.

·The difficulties that confront us cannot be overcome.

Unit 13

·He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing，or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.

·In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished，the sign that what a man does is of social value is that he is paid money to do it.

·What from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play.

·Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends，not on the job itself，but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.

·It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population，that is to say，its laborers，will have almost as much leisure as in earlier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy.

·The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which it will be in the economic interest of certain people to change as often as possible.

·Workers seldom commit acts of violence，because they can put their aggression into their work，be it physical like the work of a smith，or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist.

·They were often compelled to work twelve or fourteen hours a day.

·The police undertook detailed and comprehensive investigations into the case.

Unit 14

·The device，though，would do much more than capture a lecture.

·It was a microcassette found in Kathleen Weinstein…s shirt pocket that not only led police to her alleged killer but also revealed the New Jersey teacher to be a woman of extraordinary courage and compassion.

·Grabbing Weinstein by the jaw，the attacker told her he had a gun and forced her into the Camry.

·It was there，police believe，that Weinstein was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.

·Her power of persuasion were to no avail.

·Weinstein…s body，with hands and feet bound，was discovered by a hiker in March.

·Given her fate，the name of the program has a heartbreaking resonance to it：Random Acts of Kindness.

·The operation fostered hope in the patient.

·We protested but to no avail.

·He was firmly convinced that risk accompanies decisions.

Unit 15

·The computer makes possible a marvellous leap in human proficiency.

·But the question persists and indeed grows whether the computer will make it easier or harder for human beings to know who they really are…。

·There may be a tendency to mistake data for wisdom，just as there has always been a tendency to confuse logic with values，and intelligence with insight.

·To the extent，then，that man fail to distinguish between the intermediate operations of electronic intelligence and the ultimate responsibilities of human decision，the computer could prove a digression.

·It may promote undue confidence in concrete answers.

·…before we lose ourselves in celebrating the victory，we might reflect on the great advances in the human situation that have come about because men were challenged by error and would not stop thinking and exploring until they found better approaches for dealing with it.

·For the danger is not so much that man will be controlled by the computer as that he may imitate it.

·Even to speculate on it is a gain.

·If you persist in ignoring my instructions，I shall have to punish you.

·His ultimate goal is too distant and shadowy to obtain.

·Despite their differences，their love will conquer.

·It has taken him a long time to come to terms with the fact that he won't be able to go to college.

(完整版)自考英语二作文范本

]]一、解决方法题型 要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 1．问题现状 2．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点) In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, (说明Ａ的现状)．Second, (举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, (解决方法一). For another （解决方法二). Finally, 解决方法三). Personally, I believe that (我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because (带来的好处). In,recent days,we have to face a problem, Whicn is becoming more and more serious. First, Second, Confronted with,A, we shoud take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, For another, Finally, Personally,I belive that Consequently,I am confident that a bright future is awaiting us because 二、对比选择型作文模板 When it comes to ＿＿＿＿ ,different people hold different views . Some contend that＿＿＿＿. For one thing,＿＿＿＿ .For another,＿＿＿ . In spite of all these claims, others maintain that ＿＿＿＿，They point out that＿＿＿＿ .Another instance often cited is that＿＿＿＿ . It’s no easy task to find a satisfactory answer to the issue. As for me, there’s some truth to both arguments .It’s advisable to ＿＿＿＿＿＿. 职业生涯的选择 When it come to (the career choice),different people hold different views.Some contend that (you should be committed to a lifetime career).For one thing,(you must show you loyalty).For another( you can have more room to improve yourself in one protessional.) In spite of all these claims,others maintain that( you can change jobs fairly often),and they point out that( job-hop canbroaden your horizons). Another instance often cited is that (is that you can have better chance to earn more durin the process of job-hop). It’s no easy task to find a satisfactory answer to the issue.As for me,there’s some truth to both arguments. It’s a advisable to (make your choice depending on a ccording to your context).

综合英语(一)课文及翻译

Lesson One: The Time Message Elwood N, Chapman 新的学习任务开始之际，千头万绪，最重要的是安排好时间，做时间的主人。本文作者提出了7点具体建议，或许对你有所启迪。 1 Time is tricky. It is difficult to control and easy to waste. When you look a head, you think you have more time than you need. For Example,at the beginning of a semester, you may feel that you have plenty of time on your hands, but toward the end of the term you may suddenly find that time is running out. You don't have enough time to cover all your duties (duty), so you get worried. What is the answer? Control! 译：时间真是不好对付，既难以控制好，又很容易浪费掉，当你向前看时，你觉得你的时间用不完。例如，在一个学期的开始，你或许觉得你有许多时间，但到学期快要结束时，你会突然发现时间快用光了，你甚至找不出时间把所有你必须干的事情干完，这样你就紧张了。答案是什么呢？控制。 2 Time is dangerous. If you don't control it, it will control you. I f you don't make it work fo r you, it will work against you. So you must become the master of time, not its servant. As a first-year college student, time management will be your number one Problem. 译：时间是危险的，如果你控制不了时间，时间就会控制你，如果你不能让时间为你服务，它就会起反作用。所以，你必须成为时间的主人，而不是它的奴仆，作为刚入学的大学生，妥善安排时间是你的头等大事。 3 Time is valuable. Wasting time is a bad habit. It is like a drug. The more time you waste,the easier it is to go on wasting time. If seriously wish to get the most out of college, you must put the time message into practice. 译：时间是珍贵的，浪费时间是个坏习惯，这就像毒品一样，你越浪费时间，就越容易继续浪费下去，如果你真的想充分利用上大学的机会，你就应该把利用时间的要旨付诸实践。 Message1. Control time from the beginning. 4 Time is today, not tomorrow or next week. Start your plan at the Beginning of the term. 译：抓紧时间就是抓紧当前的时间，不要把事情推到明天或是下周，在学期开始就开始计划。 Message2. Get the notebook habit. 5 Go and buy a notebook today, Use it to plan your study time each day. Once a weekly study plan is prepared, follow the same pattern every week with small changes. Sunday is a good day to make the Plan for the following week.

自考英语二复习资料汇总总结

重点单词扩充讲解： 1. organizational: a 组织上的 由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织；organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者 请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空： 1). Last week, our school __organized_____ a spring outing. 2). The task calls for the highest _organizational_ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade _organization_________. 4). He is the ____organizer______ of the speech contest. Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer 2. objective: n 目标； a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的 3. predict: v 预言、预示； 由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言；predictable: a 可预测的；predictor: n 预言家 4. simplify: v 简化 由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的；simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地；simplification: n 简化；simplified: a 被简

Exercises for the above words: 1). The machine is simple_____ in operation but complex in structure. 2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while __simplified__ edition is quite easy. 3). There is no point in arguing about it, becau se it is __simply_____ a question of procedure. 4). The _simplification_____ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor. Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification 5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sth e.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter. Or old people tend to get fatter. 6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的； 由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。 7. argue: v 争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argu with sb about/over sth由于某事而同某人争论；argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事；argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不

自考英语二00015作文

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自考英语二作文模板

自考的写作模板&注意点大学英语写作基本属于控制命题模式。除了主题被限定以外，每一段的内容也被命题人所限定，所以考生需要做的就是按照固定模式创作。那么大家需要思考的还有段落结构设置，也就是分段的具体问题。 其实，一般采用的都是提纲作文模式，题目中已经提供了提纲，在提纲的暗示作用下，我们的分段也就简单清晰了。由于大多数作文要求的都是三方面内容，三段式作文创作当然是最佳分段模式。 作文的提纲多数都符合这样的模式： 首段现象、背景、观点——目前有越来越多的……或……问题日益严重 中段不同人对此持不同观点，背后隐藏的各种原因，或从几个方面提出自己的建议和安排 尾段个人看法，解决措施，或者深入分析现象的社会影响 以下是三大段的经典模板句型，供大家背诵使用： 首段：启动观点、引出话题。 经典句型： 1. Nowadays, there is a growing concern over the issue（问题）of… 2. Recently the issue of …has been brought to public attention. 3. When it comes to…（当提到.....), people‘s notions may vary from one to another. 4. When asked about…, different people will hold different opinions.

5. With the development of…, the problem of…has become increasingly serious. 6. Nowadays, …plays an increasingly important role in our everyday life. 中段：承接论据，正反论述。 经典句型： 1. To understand the point of…, it is necessary to discuss/analyze… 2. There is no denying that… 3. There is no doubt that… 4. It is reported that… 5. A close study of...will probably make this point clear. 6. We must recognize that… 7. Some people hold the view that…while other people argue that… 8. Some other people have expressed the opposite opinion. 尾段：合并总结，归纳全文 经典句型： 1. On the basis of the analyses above, we may confidently come to a conclusion that… 2. All the evidence supports a sound conclusion that…