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复习专题 定语从句难点汇总

复习专题 定语从句难点汇总
复习专题 定语从句难点汇总

复习专题定语从句难点汇总

一、定语从句

1.﹣ Do you like the weekly talk show,The Readers,on CCTV?

﹣ Sure.It' s a great TV program purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public.A.which B.that C.what D.whose

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:﹣﹣你喜欢CCTV的每周脱口秀节目朗读者吗?﹣﹣当然.这是一个很棒的电视节目,其目的是把阅读习惯带回公众.先行词a great TV program,关系词在定语从句中做purpose的定语,故用关系代词whose.故选D.

2.—Which song do you like better, Lucy?

—I prefer the song Little Apple________ can attract many people.

A.which B.who C.whom D.where

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:本题考查定语从句中的关系代词。先行词是the song Little Apple, 指物,且关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故which符合题意。

3.—Hey, Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me?

—You mean, the new police story _____was filmed by Chen Musheng?

A.who B.what C.whose D.which

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意:—嘿,安娜。你愿意和我去看电影《白色风暴》吗?—你的意思是由陈木胜拍摄的新警察故事?定语从句的先行词story是物,关系代词在句中做主语,所以引导词用which,故选D。

【点睛】

关于定语从句中的关系词的用法:

关系代词who 指人,在定语从句中作主语;whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语;whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语;which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语;that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;

关系代词 whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,

先行词既是人也是物的时候,关系代词用that。

4.My mother doesn't like stories _____have sad endings.

A.that B.who C.where D.those

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我妈妈不喜欢有悲伤的结局的故事。

根据句子结构可知这里考查定语从句的引导词,先排除D;先行词是stories,指物,排除B;且定语从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词,排除C,故选:A。

5.Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students.

A.which B.who C.where

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。

本题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,故选B。

【点睛】

做定语从句的题时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。

6.The book ___ I read last night was fantastic.

A.that B.what C.whose D.who

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whose先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语;D. who先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物,用that来引导,故答案为A。

【点睛】

在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。4)关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

7.The movie ____ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.

A.who B.which C.where D.when

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我看过两次的电影是《流浪地球》。A. who谁,指人的引导词;B. which哪一个,指物的引导词;C. where哪里,指地点;D. when什么时间,指时间。本题考查定语从句。先行词是The movie,因此引导词用which。故选B。

8.—Who was the student ____ was absent yesterday?

—Mary was.

A.that B.who C.whom D.which

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——昨天旷课的那名学生是谁?——是玛丽。that引导此处定语从句,修饰人或事物;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,表语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语。修饰先行词the student,表示人,故排除D项。作定语从句的主语,因为主句是who引导的特殊疑问句,因此句中的定语从句用that引导,故选A。

9.Jack likes being with the classmates ________ are outgoing and kind.

A.where B.which C.when D.who

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:杰克喜欢和性格开朗、和蔼可亲的同学在一起。A. where在哪;B. which哪个;C. when何时;D. who谁。这里是定语从句,先行词是the classmates是名词,表示人,关系词用who。根据题意,故选D。

10.—Have you ever heard of Langlang?

—Sure. He is one of ______ pianists ______ I have even seen.

A.good; that B.much better; who

C.the best; which D.the best; that

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你有没有听说朗朗?——当然听说了。他是我见过的最好的钢琴家之一。Good 好的,better更好的;best最好的。形容词的比较级前可用much修饰,表示程度;形容词的最高级前通常要加定冠词。one of……之一,其后面的中心名词用复数形式,该名词前的形容词用最高级形式。先行词pianists在宾语从句中作宾语,他的前面有最高级修饰,该用关系代词that代替。所以选D。

11.The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married.

A.whom B.which C.who D.whose

【答案】C

【解析】

考查定语从句的用法。Whom指人,作从句的宾语;which指物,作从句的主语或宾语;who指人,作从句的主语或宾语;whose即指人也指物,作从句的定语,后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语,而“the girl”指人,故选C。

12. -- In a text message, 88 means Bye-bye.

-- And another example is F2F______ stands for face to face.

A.that B.who C.whom D.it

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:在短信中,88的意思是再见。——在另一个例子是F2F表示面对面.结合语境可知下文先行词F2F做下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词用that,选A。

考点:考查定语从句

13.One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).

A.which B.who C.how D.what

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:一个学识渊博的人总是举止优雅。考查关系代词。A. which关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代物;B. who关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代人;C. how关系副词;D. what不能引导定语从句。根据One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).可知,先行词one指代人,所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句,同时在定语从句中作主语,结合选项可知B选项符合题意,故答案选B。

14.The boys ____________ from America like China

A.who is B.are C.which is D.who are

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构,可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语,先行词the boys是人,不可用which(用于先行词是物时),需用who引导;the boys是复数人称,系词需用are;根据句意结构,可知选D。

15.Music is the only thing ______ can help me to relax after a long day of hard work. A.which B.that C.who

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:音乐是可以在努力工作的一天后,帮助我放松的唯一一件事。which修饰事物,引导定语从句;that修饰事物,引导定语从句;who修饰人,引导定语从句。此处修饰先行词thing,有the only修饰,故用that引导定语从句。故选B。

16.The TV play is about a true story ___________ happened in Lijiang in 1998.

A.it B.what C.that D.when

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这部电视剧讲的是1998年发生在丽江的一个真实故事。考查定语从句引导词。it和what不可引导定语从句,可排除AB两项。when用于先行词指时间时;that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。本句story是物,引导词在从句中做主语,需用连接代词that;根据句意结构,可知选C。

17.Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience

people cannot get at home.

A.that B.who C.whom D.what

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果剧院可以提供人们在家无法获得的电影经历,它们会有一个光明的未来。此处修饰先行词experience的定语从句,并且作为动词get的宾语,故此处用关系代词that,故选A。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

18.Recently the second season of “A bite of China”(舌尖上的中国II) has become a hit.. I think Chinese are those ___ can cook the most delicious food.

A. what B. who C. whose D. Which

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我认为最近舌尖上的中国II已经变的很成功,我认为中国人是那些能做出最美味的食物的人们。这里是定语从句,先行词是those,指人的时候,关系词用who。结合语境,故选B。

考点:考查定语从句的关系词。

19.-Do you know the boy father is from Japan?

-Yes, his name is Mike.

A.whom B.who C.which D.whose

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:——你认识那个其父亲来自日本的男孩吗?——是的,他的名字叫迈克。考查定语

从句。先行词the boy是人,不可用指物的which,可排除C。who和whom虽指人,但用于人称,空格后有名词father,所以空格需填表物主的whose。根据句意结构,可知选D。

20.The first thing________ I did on Mother’s Day was to make breakfast for her.

A.who B.where C.whose D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The first thing,谓语动词是was,to make breakfast for her是表语。I did on Mother’s Day作定语修饰前面的the first thing, 定语从句中缺少did的宾语,先行词the first thing是指事情,who指人的,故排除A;where在定语从句当中作状语,故排除B;whose在定语从句中作定语,故排除C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that,故选D。

点睛:考查定语从句中关系词的选用。首先应当会分析句子成分,会分析这是一个定语从句;其次必须了解四个选项的关系词,在定语从句当中所做的成分及指代的什么。

21.A graduation ceremony is a custom takes place students graduate from a school. A.which; when B.that; who C.which; whose D.that; which

【解析】

句意:毕业仪式就是当学生们从学校毕业时,举行的一个习惯仪式。结合语境可知前文先行词custom为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词用that或者which。下文从句内容为前文动作发生的逻辑时间状语,故引导词用when,当……时候,选A。

考点:英语从句

22.--Do you know the boys_______ playing football on the playground?

--Yes,They are all from Class 1.

A.who are

B.who is

C.that is

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:——你知道那个在操场上踢足球的男孩子吗?——知道。他们都来自一班。考查定语从句。先行词为boys,关系词who, that 都可以;先行词在从句中作主语,因此谓语和它保持一致,用复数。故选A。

23.The young man __________ is a friend of mine.

A.who I had a talk B.whom I had a talk with

C.whom I had a talk D.which I had a talk with

【答案】B

【解析】句意:和我交谈的那个年轻人是我的一个朋友。短语have a talk with sb和某人交谈;空格处是定语从句,先行词 man是指人的,关系词在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,故选B。

24. I saw the dog along with a girl ______was the only guide dog in our city.

A.who B.which C.whom D.What

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我看见这个女孩和我们城市的唯一的一条导盲犬在一起。A.who谁;B. which 哪一个;C. Whom谁;D. What什么。本题考查定语从句的用法,由于先行词物。结合句意,故选B

考点:考查定语从句。

25.—Have you heard of the Huawei Company?

—Sure, it’s one of the _____ companies _____ make us Chinese proud.

A.great; which B.greater; which C.greatest; that

【答案】C

【详解】

句意:——你听说过华为公司吗?——当然,它是使我们中国人感到骄傲的最棒的公司之一。

great伟大的;greater比较伟大的,是比较级;greatest最伟大的,形容词最高级;which 关系代词,可以引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;that也是关系代词,先行词为人或物,引导定语从句,在从句中作主语或宾语。第一个空考查句型one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数,表示“最……的之一”,故排除A和B,应选C。第二个空是that引导的定语从句,在从句中作主语。

26.I’d like to tell you about the table manners _______ you should know when you visit Korea. A.which B.who

C.what D.how

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我想告诉你当你访问朝鲜时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。Which哪一个;who 谁;what 什么;how怎么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作表语,可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。

考点:考查定语从句。

27.Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place ________ we'll visit next week.

A.that B.who

C.where D.whom

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:阳新的仙岛湖是我们下周要参观的著名的地方。本句考查定语从句,先行词是place,从句意来看,其在定语从句中作visit的宾语,指事物,因此关系词用that。故选A。

考点:考查定语从句。

28.When Robinson got to the island,the first thing _________he did was to look for some food.

A.who B.which C.that D.What

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:当鲁滨逊?克鲁索到达岛上时,他做的第一件事就是寻找一些食物。本题考查定语从句。先行词指物且被序数词first修饰,故只能选用关系词that。因此C项正确。

考点:考查定语从句。

29.— What do you think of Disney Park in Hong Kong?

— Oh, I think it the best park I have ever visited in China.

A.which B.that C.where D.When

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意为:---你觉得香港的迪斯尼公园怎么样?---噢,我觉得这是我在中国参观过的最好的公园。根据语境可知,这里考查的是定语从句的引导词。通常,定语从句的引导词由先行词而定。但是当先行词由序数词或最高级形容词修饰时,引导词常用that。结合选项可知应选B。

考点:考查定语从句的引导词。

30.According to the survey, women ________drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than ________who don’t.

A. who; that B. /; these

C. who; those D. / ; /

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意为:据调查,每天喝超过两杯咖啡的女人比那些不喝咖啡的女人患心脏疾病的机会大得多。根据语境可知,本题考查的是定语从句的引导词和代词的用法。在定语从句中,引导词由先行词而定,who的先行词指人。此外,这里指的是“喝咖啡与不喝咖啡的那些女人”的比较,代词应用those,表示同名同物,故应选C。

考点:考查引导词和指示代词的用法。

31.The building ________ Tony talked about is a famous restaurant named Nice Meeting you. A.who B.which

C.where D.whom

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:考定语从句关系词的选择。由题干可判断先行词为the building,为物,排除AD。从句为不完整句子,先行词在从句中做宾语,故选B

32.一Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.

一He is a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proud

A.that B.whose C.who D.whom

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:——请告诉我关于杨利伟的事情。——他是一个所有中国人都为他感到自豪的宇航

员。be proud of为---感到自豪;这是一个定语从句,介词of后面应用宾格,故选D

33.The movie ______ we saw last night was fantastic.

A.that B.what C.whose D.Who

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我们昨晚看的那场电影好极了。

考查定语从句引导词。本句定句从句的先行词The movie是物,并且关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,可知使用关系代词that或which;故选A。

34.Yu Guangzhong is a famous writer and poet______ wrote the well-known poem Nostalgia (《乡愁》) and passed away on December 14th, 2017.

A.who B.which C.what D.whose

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:余光中是一位著名的作家和诗人,曾写过著名的《乡愁》,于2017年12月14日去世。考查定语从句。A. who谁;B. which哪一个;C. what什么;D. whose谁的;由题干可知本题考查定语从句,先行词指的是人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用who来引导;故答案选A。

35.Tommy couldn't stop thinking about the boy ______ made him a fool in front of the whole class.

A.whom B.which C.who

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:Tommy不禁想起了那个使他在全班面前出丑的那个男孩。此处的定语从句,修饰先行词the boy,关系代词在定语从句中作主语,故用who,故选C。

初中中考英语关于定语从句考点难点总结

关于定语从句考点难点总结 1定语从句基本概念 在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 2定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等。 关系副词包括where,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 3定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。 1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。例如: Any manthat / who has a sense of dutywon’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 2.非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。例如: The house,which we bought last month,is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的. 注意:非限定性定语从句中不能使用关系代词that。 4关系代词的用法 1.that that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语可省略。例如:Mary likes musicthat is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语) The coat(that)I put on the deskis blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) 2.which which 用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语可省略。例如: The buildingwhich stands near the train stationis a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film(which)we saw last nightwas wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who,whom who,whom 用于指人,who 用作主语和表语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。例如: The girlwho often helps me with my Englishis from England. 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(who 作主语) Who is the teacher(whom)Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(whom 作宾语) 注意: (1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,whom, that,which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如: This is the housein which we lived last year.

定语从句专项知识点总结汇总

定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有:when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换). 例如: Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如: A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物,that 和Who 都可以指人,其用法区别:

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习复习过程

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高中英语---定语从句 一定义及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有when, where, why等关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词,并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2. whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,可省略,在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 3. which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

4. that 指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 5. whose 指人、物皆可,与后面的名词有所属关系,在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 注意:指物时,常用以下结构来代替: The house whose windows are broken is empty. =The house the windows of which are broken is empty. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时,可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间(that, who不可以),也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面,使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 注意:1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如:look for, look after, take care of 等。 2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who,若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which;关系代词是所有格时用whose。

(新)高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ. 概念: (1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。 (3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的作用: 1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词; 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语) 常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,关系代词可以省略。 常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语)、why(原因状语)、where(地点状语) 可以修饰人的关系代词:that, who, whom, whose 可以修饰事的关系代词:that, which, as, whose, The student who answered the question was John. I know the reason why he was so angry. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. I'd like a room whose window faces the sea. 定语从句三步: 第一找出先行词; 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适的关系词。 Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法: ●that: 可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语) 2. Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now? 3. You can take anything ( that) you like. (宾语) 4. What is the question (that/which) they are talking about? 5. Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see. 6. She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.(表语) 7. Our hometown is no longer the one (that) it used to be. (= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be. = Our hometown is different from what it used to be。 = Our hometown is not what it used to be.) ●which: 指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如: 1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.(主语) 2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.(宾语) ●who, whom, whose: who: 主格, 在从句中作主语,只可指人 whom: 宾格,在从句中只能作宾语; 只可指人 whose: 表所属关系,在从句中作定语。译为:某人的,某物的

考点5】语法考点归纳5(定语从句、名词性从句)

【考点五】语法考点归纳5(定语从句、名词性从句) 定语从句考点归纳 1.高考对定语从句的考查集中体现在关系词的选择上,包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词只有6个,即:that,which,who,whom,whose,as,关系副词只有3个,即:when,where,why。 2.选择关系代词和关系副词的方法:由于关系词既有连接作用又有替代作用和成分作用(引导定语从句并在从句中替代先行项/词而且还充当一定的成分),所以在选择关系词时有一个很简单的方法。把先行项/词还原到从句中,看看该用什么关系词来替代。例如: I visited a scientist ______ name is known all over the country. 把先行词a scientist还原到从句中就是:the scientist’s name is known all over the country 可见从句中缺定语,这里该填whose。又如:The school _____ I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. 把先行词the school还原到从句中就构成这样一个简单句:I studied for two years in the school. “in the school”是一个表示地点的介词短语,在从句中作状语,要用where(=in which)来替代。 3.注意关系代词as和which引导非限定性定语从句的区别:as引导的非限定性定语从句可以置于句首,而which 引导的非限定性定语从句只能位于句中或句尾。 4.注意掌握只用关系代替that、只用关系代词which的常见的几种情况,以及“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。 考点精析 1.关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词, 并在句中充当主语, 宾语, 定语等成分. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, 从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致. (1)Who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词, 在从句中所起的作用如下: Is he the man who/that wants to see you 他就是你想见的人吗(who/that在从句中作主语) Hs is the man whom/that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人.(whom/that在从句中作宾语) (2)whose用来指人或物, 只用作定语, 若指物, 它还可以同of which.互换. 例如: They rushed over to help the man shoes car had broken down. 那人的车坏了, 大家都跑过去帮忙 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的. (3)Which, that它们所代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词, 在从句中可作主语, 宾语等. 例如: A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣. (Which/that在句中作宾语) The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了(which/that在句中作宾语) 2.关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间. 地点或理由的名词, 在从句中作状语. (1). When, there, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构, 因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用. 例如: There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.

定语从句重点难点归纳

定语从句重点难点归纳 思考:名从和定从的引导词一样吗? 1. 引导定语从句的关系代词没有what, whatever, however对吗? 2. That 在名词性从句和定语从句中的不同? 3. 定语从句和同位语从句的不同? 4. 定从的难点在那里? 定语从句关系词 关系代词: 指人:who, whom, 指人和物:that, whose 指物:which, as 关系副词:when, where, how, why §如果表示地点,时间,原因,方式的先行词做后面从句的宾语或主语时,引导词用that / which. 请指出关系代词/副词在定语从句中的成份: 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( ) 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( ) 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ) 5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( ) 6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( ) 7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( ) 8. We shall never the days when we lived together. ( ) 考点1:that 与which 1) Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand? 2) The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen. 5) She heard a terrible noise,______ brought her heart into her mouth. 考点2:the way用做先行词,填上合适的关系词并分析原因: 1.The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple. 3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 一:that的用法 以下情况,引导词用that,不用which。 1. 先行词为不定代词everything,little,much,all,anything,nothing。(something 除外) e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen. **先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some修饰时也用that. 2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时,用that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read. 3. 先行词被the only,the very,the last 修饰时,用that。 e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now. 4. 先行词同时指人和指物时,用that。 e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 5. 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时,需用that。 e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly. 二:which的用法 Which引导非限定性定语从句,其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 e.g. 1. She heard a terrible noise, ____ brought her heart into her mouth. 2. The weather turned out to be good, ___ was more than we could expect. 三:介词+关系代词 “of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。

高中英语语法定语从句总结全

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