大学英语作业
2018春专升本《大学英语》第一次作业
一、交际英语
1.- I'm sorry I broke your mirror.
- _________
A.It's OK with me.
B.It doesn't matter.
C.You are welcome.
D.I don't care.
2.- Excuse me, how much is the jacket?
- It's 499 Yuan. ________
A.Oh, no. That's OK!
B.How do you like it?
C.Which do you prefer?
D.Would you like to try it on?
3.- Unbelievable! I have failed the driving test again!
- _______ This is not the end of the world.
A.Good luck.
B.Cheer up.
C.Go ahead.
D.No problem.
4.- Congratulations! You won the first prize in today's speech contest.
- ________
A.Yes, I beat the others.
B.No, no, I didn't do it well.
C.Thank you.
D.It's a pleasure.
5.- Paul, _______?
- Oh, that's my father!And beside him, my mother.
A.what is the person over there
B.who's talking over there
C.what are they doing
D.which is that
二、阅读理解
This story is about a young man. He worked very hard at his lessons. He was too busy to have a rest. At last, he couldn't go to sleep. Every night, when he went to bed, he closed his eyes and tried to sleep. But the more he tried, the more he stayed awake.
After a while he decided to visit the counting numbers. By the time you reach one thousand, you'll be asleep. I am sure of it.”
The next day the man reached the doctor's office. “Well,” said the doctor, “how are you today? Did you try my suggestion?”
The man still looked tired. “Yes,” he said, “I tried counting one, two, three...up to one thousand. But when I reached five hundred and sixty-nine, I began to feel sleepy. I had to get up and drink some tea so that I could go on counting up to one thousand, but then I still couldn't fall asleep.”
6.The young man couldn’t go to sleep because he had worked too hard and became ill.
A.T
B.F
7.The doctor asked the young man to count numbers while he was lying in bed.
A.T
B.F
8.The young man returned to the doctor’s office the next day because he wanted to thank the doctor.
A.T
B.F
9.The young man counted from 1 to 569 and got up to drink some tea.
A.T
B.F
10.The young man in fact was not able to count numbers.
A.T
B.F
The residents of 24 Acacia Grove were dissatisfied with the condition of the property, so John Preston called a meeting to discuss things last week. At the meeting John suggested setting up a residents' committee. Everyone was so worried and angry about the agent's inactivity that they agreed, and they elected John as Chairman of the committee. Many residents said that they were tired of telephoning the agent and tired of complaining about the flats. Although the agent was responsible for that they were disappointed with the management of the flats.
The next service payment was due at the end of the month. However, they agreed not to pay it until they were happy with the plans to improve the property. They decided to tell the agent that he must start the work within one month. They all went away very pleased with themselves.
11.Why did John Preston call a meeting last week?
A.Because the residents were dissatisfied with the present residents' committee.
B.Because the residents were dissatisfied with the bad management of the flats.
C.Because some residents requested to change the present residents' committee.
D.Because he wanted to become Chairman of the committee.
12.Who elected John as Chairman of the committee?
A.The agent.
B.The residents.
C.The committee.
D.Acacia Grove.
13.What does the word "inactivity" mean in the third sentence in Para. 1?
A.Weakness
B.Progress
C.State
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9f18760393.html,ck of actions
14.What does the word "due" mean in the first sentence of Para. 2？
A.to be paid
B.proper
C.owed
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9f18760393.html,rge
15.When did they agree to pay the next service payment?
A.At the end of the month.
B.Within one month.
C.When they were happy with the plans to improve the property.
D.The agent would tell them.
三、词汇与语法
16.That man looks familiar to me. He reminds _______ Dr. Richards.
A.me to
B.me
C.me for
D.me of
17.Nancy works in a shop and _______.
A.so does Alan
B.so Alan too does
C.that does Alan too
D.that Alan too does
18.I won’t make the _______ mistake next time.
A.like
B.same
C.near
D.similar
19.We came finally _________ the conclusion that she has been telling lies all the time.
A.of
B.into
C.to
D.at
20.A pair of spectacles ________ what I need at the moment.
A.is
B.are
C.has
D.have
四、完型填空
Mr Cross wanted to go to his hometown by air. He liked to sit beside a window when he was flying. So he__21__ a window seat when he got in the plane. He found that all of them were taken__22__ one. There was a soldier sitting in the seat beside this one, and Mr. Cross was happy that the soldier had nottakenthe one by the window. When he__23__ it, Mr. Cross saw that there was a piece of paperwith some words on the seat. It said, "This seat is broken. You can't take it, Thank you."
"A broken seat in a plane ? Is thatpossible?" Mr. Cross said__24__, but he walked on and foundanother empty seat, not beside a window, to sit in.
When the plane was quite__25__, a very beautiful girl got into the plane. As soon as he saw her, the soldier quickly took the paper off the seat beside his and let the girl sit in during the whole trip.
21.
A.looked for
B.full
C.reached
D.except
E.to himself
22.
A.looked for
B.full
C.reached
D.except
E.to himself
23.
A.looked for
B.full
C.reached
D.except
E.to himself
24.
A.looked for
B.full
C.reached
D.except
E.to himself
25.
A.looked for
B.full
C.reached
D.except
E.to himself
五、英译汉
26.Jim was clever, but he does not work hard.
27.He was happy with his new car, and drove to work in it the next day.
28.Playing the sport you like is an important part of a person's life.
29.The People's Republic of China (PRC), founded on October 1, 1949, covers an area of 9.6 million square kilometers.
30.I hurried to my office.
31.What kind of life do most people enjoy?
六、写作
32.写作
Instructions:根据下面所给的题纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
你应邀到一位好友家吃晚饭。事后给朋友写信表示谢意。你的信应包括下列内容：
1.表达谢意；
2.表达想回请的意愿；
3.期待朋友的光临。
Dear Amy:
(全)大学英语作业
大学英语（一） 第一次作业 （1）：Eggs, though rich in nourishments, have ____D____ of fat. a. the large amount b. the large number c. a large number d. a large amount （2）：____B____the War of , the was an English colony. a. Between b. In c. At d. Before （3）：Robert, there's a man at the front door, saying he has ____A____news of great importance. a. / b. an c. a d. the （4）：The baby is hungry，but there's ____D____ milk in the bottle． a. few b. a few c. a little d. little （5）：The policeman gave the thief a blow in ____B____ stomach. a. / b. the c. his
d. that （6）：Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not many houses ____D_____. a. far apart b. among them c. from each other d. in between （7）：I am not used to speaking ____B____ public. a. to b. in c. at d. on （8）：I'll have a cup of coffee and ____C____. a. two breads b. two pieces of breads c. two pieces of bread d. two piece of breads （9）：They were the only men who received votes ____C____me. a. accept b. unless c. besides d. next （10）：____B____ girl dressed _____ black is her sister Rose． a. The; on b. The; in c. A; in d. A; on
北邮大学英语3阶段作业三
一、句子改错（共5道小题，共25.0分） 1. This is such a beautiful day that everyone around us feel like going out for a walk. A B C D A. A B. B C. C D. D 2. Neither John and his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train. A B C D A. A B. B C. C D. D
3. He finds it easier to do the cooking himself than teaching his wife to cook. A B C D A. A B. B C. C D. D 4. Despite his old age, he is still very healthful and often works in the field. A B C D A. A B. B C. C D. D
5. The information which she was injured in the accident was given by Liz. A B C D A. A B. B C. C D. D 二、阅读理解（共1道小题，共50.0分）
1. Today, as in every other day of the year, more than 3,000 U.S. adolescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime, it can be expected that of these 3,000 about 23 will be murdered, 30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweighs all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death. Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 percent, smoking rates among youth have declined. While the decline is impressive, several important issues must be raised. First, in the past several years, smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second, in the late 1970s, smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent. The statistic is reversing. Third, several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent . Finally, though significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade, no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effective measures to reduce smoking levels among youth. 1. According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____. A. traffic accidents B. smoking-related diseases C. murder D. all of these 2. Every day there are over _____young people who will become regular smoker. A. 75 B. 23 C. 30 D. 3,000 3. By "dropout" (in paragraph 3) the author means______. A. students who failed the examination
大学英语期末考试(4)及答案
**** 大学课程考核试卷 xxxx---xxxx学年第一学期xxxx级xxxx专业（类） 考核科目大学英语三课程类别必修课考核方式闭卷卷别 B （注：考生务必将答案写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上的无效） I. Listening Comprehension (30 marks) Part 1: Short dialogues (10 marks, 1 mark each) Directions: Listen to the short dialogs and then choose the correct answers to the questions. 1. A. She did not take the shopping list along with her. B. She did not write a shipping list. C. She does not want to shop in a crowded supermarket. D. She wants to finish shopping quickly. 2. A. Write a statement for the woman. B. Revise what the woman will write. C. Fill in forms for the woman. D. Apply to an American university for admission. 3. A. Contemporary women no longer want to obey their husbands. B. Modern girls no longer love their husbands. C. At the marriage ceremony the bride should promise to obey her husband. D. At the marriage ceremony the bride should show loyalty to her husband. 4. A. She is weak in doing projects. B. She is weak in studies. C. She tends to work whole-heartedly. D. She is not willing to start a project. 5. A. The football match should be called off. B. The meeting should not include new items. C. The meeting should have another two items. D. The football should be included in the agenda. 6. A. It is important to offer an online friend a drink. B. It is delightful to get a drink from an online friend. C. Ensure that nobody puts anything harmful into your drink.
东财《大学英语1》在线作业一1答案
东财《大学英语1》在线作业一-0027 试卷总分:100 得分:0 一、单选题(共20 道试题,共60 分) 1.The lecture series _______ into three parts. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9f18760393.html,es B.goes C.falls D.divides 正确答案:C 2.The thief helped _______ to our family silver. A.he B.him C.his D.himself 正确答案:D 3.We cannot communicate with the French guests because ______we ______ he speaks French. A.neither or B.either nor C.neither nor D.either or 正确答案:C 4.The film is ____ a best-selling novel. A.based on B.taken on C.brought on D.picked up 正确答案:A 5. His dream will ______ sooner or later. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9f18760393.html,e by https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9f18760393.html,e t rue https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9f18760393.html,e over https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9f18760393.html,e down 正确答案:B 6.Philip: Mother, I feel like another five minutes’ sleep.Mother: ________Get dressed.
A.Fast! B.Hello! https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9f18760393.html,e on! D.Anyway. 正确答案:C 7.Birds ______ grain and insects. A.work on B.carry on C.live on D.go on 正确答案:C 8.The work ______ he was devoted won high praise. A.to which B.to that C.in which D.in that 正确答案:A 9.I’m looking forward _______ you in the near future. A.to seeing B.to see C.seeing D.seen 正确答案:A 10. A reception party will be held in your ________ this evening. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/9f18760393.html, B.honor C.place D.position 正确答案:B 11.His supposition is good in theory _____ cannot be put into practice. A.and B.or C.but D.while
大学英语作业
大学英语作业 成教大学英语考试试卷A I. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary:20% estimate shy stick valuable enter tradition pour hurry adventure population communicate period 1. Lucy was ______ and quiet while her brother was sure and noisy. 2. Thank you for your ________ time, experience and service as well. 3. We ______ by letter in these days. 4. We have to wait for a ________ of time and then we will ask the people in charge to give us answers. 5. He _____ the profession （职业） after 4 years at college. 6. It is _______ that about a third of the population of Germany died in the two world wars. 7. He loves his job because it offers __________ , travels, and experience. 8. The city has a ________ of ten million. 9. He stood there, watching the rain _______ down the windows. 10. He _______ to get there and tell his wife before the police arrived. II. Choose the correct answer. 30% 1（ I had hoped _____ my letter. A. her to answer B. that she answer C. that she would answer D. her answering
大学英语(3)课程作业
大学英语(3)课程作业_A 一单选题 1. When I said that some people are stupid I was not ___ you. reference refer referring referring to 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： reference 标准答案：referring to 2. ___ your step，or you might fall into the water. See Watch Miss Look at 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： See 标准答案：Watch 3. Professor Lee visits China almost ___. twice a year a twice year a year twice a year two times 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 4.0 用户解答： twice a year 标准答案： twice a year 4. The missing boys were last seen ___ near the river. playing to be playing play to play 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 4.0 用户解答： playing
5. China is ___ old country with ___ long history. the, a a, an an, a an, the 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： the, a 标准答案：an, a 6. I learn ___ my cost that a broken leg can be very painful. at on to in 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： at 标准答案：to 7. It was ___ that he had to ask for help. a so big work a so big job such a big work a such big job 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： a so big work 标准答案：such a big work 8. There was ___ in the meeting room. no one another anyone the one 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： no one
大学英语期末考试(A)
大学英语期末考试（A） 第一部分：单选题 1. The starting current of an a.c. motor is_____ the rated current. A. the same as B. much larger than C. less than D. equals 2. With a_____ load the voltage and current are in phase. A. pure resistance B. capacitive C. inductive D. None of the above 3. The emergency generator or emergency battery is connected to_____ on most large ships. A. distribution boards B. section boards C. emergency switch boards D. main switch boards 4. Switchboards may be of the dead-front type in which all live parts are installed behind_____ and only the operation handles and instruments are on the front. A. the capstan B. the collector C. the panels D. the surface 5. Remote control means that_____. A. the system is manned manually B. the system is situated remotely from the operator C. the system is controlled automatically D. all the above 6. The difference between measured and desired values is called_____. A. make-up B. desired value C. deviation D. set value 7. Prior to any overhaul work on electric equipment, it is important to ensure the circuits are_____. A. live B. dead C. excited D. on line 8. Before starting an engine by air ,the engine must _________ A. be turned by a turning gear for at least one minute B. be turned by a turning gear for at least two minutes C. be turned at least one complete turn D. be turned at least two complete turns 9. Shore power must be_____ during dock repair. A. disconnected B. switched off C. cut off D. connected 10. The switchboards for a.c. systems differ from the d.c. switch gear in that the open type panels are generally_____ and the dead-front switch gear is the common rule. A. permissibly B. permissible C. no permissible D. not permissible 11. Current changing in direction and rising and falling in value is_____.
大学英语三离线作业答案
大学英语三离线作业答 案 Document serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】
离线作业试卷列表2 一、单选? 1.第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）- Would you be interested in seeing a film tonight- ____C______?分值：3 A. Not at all.??? B. Are you sure??? C. Great! I'd love to ??? D. You're welcome.???? 2.第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）- Excuse me, could you tell me the way to P eople's Square- ____B______?分值：3 A. I don't understand you.??? B. Sorry, I'm a stranger here.??? C. Why don't you take a taxi??? D. Don't bother me.???? 3.第四部分：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）30?C 分值：1 A. on mind??? B. in heart??? C. in mind??? D. on your mind???? 4.第四部分：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）29 B?分值：1 A. with??? B. for??? C. to??? D. in???? 5.第四部分：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）28 B?分值：1 A. impossible??? B. wonderful??? C. incapable??? D. practical???? 6.第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）- I've got the first prize in the dancing ____C______?分值：3 A. You're welcome.??? B. It's very kind of you.??? C. Please accept my congratulations.??? D. Oh, really, I can't believe my ears.???? 7.第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）- I've passed the ___D_______?分值：3 A. What a pity!??? B. I have the examination.??? C. Come on.??? D. Congratulations.???? 8.第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）- I'm suffering from a ________A__?分值：3
大学英语期末考试写作必背范文
Is It Better to Buy or Rent? The price of housing has kept increasing in recent years, which causes a big headache for people living in cities. A lot of people cannot afford to own a real estate property, so they choose to rent instead of buying an apartment. This group of people does not want to bear burden of mortgage so that they opt for a practical solution. Renting an apartment makes them have a place to stay and thus they can focus on work as well as personal life. Some other people, however, believe that an apartment owned by themselves makes them feel safe and relieved, so they are willing to sacrifice some other aspects of life to borrow money from the bank to buy an apartment. As far as I am concerned, to buy or to rent is all about it will be better to rent first and wait for the good timing when the price is going down to buy. Topic 2: On Job Hopping It seems that nowadays, very few young people are willing to stay in a job position for long, let alone for the whole life. They change jobs constantly. This results from several factors. Firstly, young people like fresh things, and it is easy for them to be fed up with old routine work. So when they stay in a position for a while,the excitement will fade out. They are quite realistic and not willing to waste time in a job they are not interested in. Thirdly, some young people are not satisfied with current salary, believing they deserve better pay. In my opinion, constant job hopping will not benefit young people in their career development. Every job has its own merits and young people can certainly learn something from it as long as they are patient and wise enough. Every job experience is valuable down the career path and young people shall be able to make the most of it. Topic 3: Online Social Network Modern people will be no stranger to online social network. Facebook, Renren and Kaixin001 are probably the most populous networks among Chinese netizen. In these networks, people interact with each other, be it a stranger or a friend, and have a lot of fun in the virtual world. This phenomenon could be a result of the fast development of the Internet and people's great interest of the virtual world. I think it is a very good new platform for people to keep in touch. But it should not be overused. Firstly, some people are addicted to it, which makes them want to get online 24 hours a day. When people spend too much time on one thing,they will naturally have not enough time for study and for work. Secondly, online social network change people's behavior of interacting with others. In virtual world, you just click the mouse and type in words instead of having a face-to-face talk. This will not benefit people's long term friendship, and even harm their interpersonal relationships in real world.
北理工《大学英语(1)》在线作业1答案
北理工《大学英语（1）》在线作业-0002 试卷总分:100 得分:0 一、单选题(共50 道试题,共100 分) 1.Because of my poor English I’m afraid I can’t make myself _______. A.understand B.to understand C.understanding D.understood 正确答案:D 2.The birth rate in a city _____ to fall as its gross domestic product (GDP) rises steadily. A.estimates B.anticipates C.assumes D.tends 正确答案:D 3.Don't worry about his illness. At his age he will be well again __________. A.in his time B.in time C.in no time D.in good time 正确答案:C 4.The theater can well _____________ 500 people. A.sit B.seat C.be seated D.be sitting 正确答案:D 5.Recently the newspapers have reported several _____ on the boundaries of Israel and Jordan. A.accidents B.incidents C.events D.happenings 正确答案:B 6.In the old days, there were no drugs that could help people __________ heart diseases.
《大学英语三》在线作业答案题库
《大学英语（三）》在线作业题库 一、单选题（共 50 道试题，共 100 分。） 1. – Ami, I want this report typed today. – ( ). A. It'll be ready in the afternoon, sir B. I'd like you to help me C. I know nothing about the report D. Leave it to tomorrow 正确答案：A 2. He( )himself quickly to the new condition of his work. A. changed B. altered C. adjusted D. varied 正确答案：C 3. We( )the bathroom and plan( )the bedroom this year. A. painted…to paint B. is painting… painting C. paint… to paint D. have painted…to paint 正确答案：D 4. I don't think this kind of medicine has any( ). A. answer B. cause C. effect D. work 正确答案：C 5. We consider( )the instrument be adjusted each time it is used. A. that it necessary B. it necessary that C. necessary that D. necessary of it that 正确答案：B 6. – I wonder if you could help me. – ( ). A. I could B. Yes, I do C. No, not at all D. Of course 正确答案：D 7. Parliament didn't think the Prime Minister did enough in the improvement of fair employment, ( )he was asked to write to Parliament for further explanation. A. so B. therefore
大学英语期末考试试卷
2011—2012学年度第2学期课程考试 试题纸（第 1 页 共 8 页） 2011—2012学年度第2学期课程考试 试题纸（第2页 共 8 页） 武汉信息传播职业技术学院 大学英语II 课程考试试题纸 课程名称： 大学英语II （ A 卷） 考试方式： 闭卷 印刷份数： 2500份 系（部）： 英语系 任课教师： 英语系教师 专业班级： 11级所有非英语专业班级 题 号 I 10 II 10 III 10 IV 40 V 15 VI 15 总分 100 阅卷 教师 得 分 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 各位考生请注意：听力14：10开始，调频85Hz. I. Listening Comprehension ( 10 points, 1 point for each) Section A Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. A. He didn ’t like that computer. B. He didn ’t find what he liked. C. The price of the computer was too high. D. That type of computer was sold out. 2. A. Go to a lecture. B. Go to a concert. C. Go shopping. D. Go sightseeing. 3. A. Write a letter for the woman. B. Take the woman to the office. C. Drive the woman home. D. Finish the report for the woman. 4. A. She was tired of reading it. B. She liked it very much. C. She didn ’t think much it. D. She wasn ’t interested in it. 5. A. When he can receive the order. B. What the order number is. C. When he should send the order. D. What ’s wrong with the order. Section B Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded 得 分 questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Conversation 1 6. A. Three weeks ago. B. Last month. C. Last week. D. Last Monday. 7. A. Install more machines. B. Test the machines. C. Buy more machines. D. Sell the machines. Conversation 2 8. A. Sightseeing around the city. B. Attending a meeting. C. Shopping in the city. D. Giving a party. 9. A. This afternoon. B. This evening. C. Tomorrow morning. D. Tomorrow afternoon. 10. A. At the party. B. At the meeting. C. In the office. D. In the hotel. II. Find the right definition in Column B that matches the words and phrases in Column A. ( 10 points, 1 point for each) Column A Column B 11. liven up a. to observe with ceremonies of respect or rejoicing 12. attempt to b. a center if interest or activity 13. bring about c. try to do 14. household d. answer, reaction 15. focus e. to become lively 16. predict f. commonly known, familiar 17. celebrate g. recognize the difference between two things 18. distinguish h. to cause to happen 19. response i. separate, split or break into parts 20. divide j. to state, tell about, or make known in advance III. Fill in the blanks with the given words or expressions. Change the form where necessary. ( 10 points, 1 point for each) 21. Do you realize the _______ (important) of study? 22. There were many internationally known _______ (educate) at the conference. 23. Mr. Ma is a strict and _______ (experience) teacher. 24. He attributed his _______ (succeed) in business to hard work. 25. China had little _______ (interact) with the outside world before the opening up. 26. This fur coat is a real _________ (luxurious). 得 分 得 分 * * * * * * * * * * * 学 号： 姓 名： * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 系 部： 专业年级： * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *