代词的用法概括
代词
综观历年高考试题，代词的正确使用是非常关键的，特别是不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。
一、定义与分类
代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。
二：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述
这三种代词都有人称（一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，以及性的变化。其中，人称代词除了这三种变化外，还有格（主格、宾格）的变化。
物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
这三种代词的形式变化表如下：
人称单复数主格宾格形容词性
物主代词
名词性
物主代词
反身代词
第一人称单数复数
第二人称单数复数
第三
人称
单数
复数
itself
三、人称代词的用法
1) 定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。主格：I you he she it we you they
宾格：me you him her it us you them
1.人称代词的用法
1）作主语（作主语时用主格）
We love our country. You cannot eat your cake and have it.
2）作宾语（作宾语时用宾格）
Winnie is a nice girl. We all like her. Tell him to call back later.
3）作表语（在口语中用宾格）
If I were her, I would stay. Don’t blame Tom. It’s me who broke it.
2. 人称代词的宾格代替主格的几种场合
1）在日常生活中，人称代词作表语时，常用代词的宾格。
A: Who is knocking at the door?
B: It’s me.
2）口语中，当人称代词孤立地用于不带谓语的句子中作主语时，常用代词的宾格。
A: I don’t want to go to the theater tonight.
B: Me neither.
A: I’d like to stay here for another week.
B: Me too.
3）在带as 和than 的比较级后面，许多场合下用代词的宾格。
She knows me as well as him.她像了解他一样了解我。
He is taller than me.
4）口语中，当人称代词用于带有强烈感情色彩的句子中作主语且其后不带宾语时，多用代词的宾格。
A: You ought to do it at once.
B: What? Me!
三、物主代词的用法
1）定义：
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词在句中只用作定语，相当于一个形容词，不能单独使用,其后需接名词；名词性物主代词则不能用作定语，相当于一个名词词组，可以单独使用，在句中用作主语、宾语、表语、和介词of连用。如：
形容词性物主代词：my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their
名词性物主代词：mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours,yours,theirs
Here is my dog.______(它的) name is Tom.
My sister lost_______（她的）bicycle.
Is that coffee ______(你的）or_______（他的）?
The books are_______ (你们的).______ （我的）books are over there .
2) 名词性物主代词的句法功能
a. 作主语
b. 作宾语
c. 作介词宾语
d. 作表语
如：1. May I use your pen? Yours works better.
2.I love my motherland as much as you love yours.
3.I am writing with your pen, not with mine.
4. My life is yours. It's yours. It's yours. 我的生命属于你，属于你，属于你。
3）形容词性物主代词的用法
A) 形容词性物主代词与形容词一起修饰名词时,其顺序是:形容词性物主代词+形容词+名词。如:
my new bike her young son
B) 当名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能再用冠词a, an或the来修饰名词。如:
那是我的自行车. That is my bike.
3)当名词前有形容词性物主代词修饰时,不能再用指示代词this, that, these或those来修饰词。他们的电脑在这儿。Their computers are here.
※注意：
名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+名词
为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。
如：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink.
为避免重复使用bag，可写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.
四、反身代词的用法
1）定义：
如人称代词一致，反身代词的人称和数以及性要和它所指代的名词或代词一致。
单数：myself`, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself.
复数：ourselves, yourselves, themselves.
1.反身代词的用法
1）作宾语
反身代词作宾语表示动作的承受者就是动作的执行者自己。
I hope you will enjoy yourselves on the trip.
The little boy can dress himself now.
2）作表语
在be 和其他系动词如feel, look, seem 之后，反身代词可以用来描述感觉，情绪和状态。
I am not feeling myself today.
The poor girl in the picture is myself.
3）作同位语
反身代词在句中作名词或代词的同位语，用来加强其语气，常位于名词或代词后，作主语的同位语时也可位于句尾。
I want to see Bob himself.
Mary worked out the problem herself.
2.常用的反身代词短语
1）devote oneself to 2）enjoy oneself 3）dress oneself
4）come to oneself 5）help oneself to 6）hide oneself
7）teach oneself 8）lose oneself 9）by oneself
11) talk to oneself 11）excuse oneself 12）be not oneself
13) for oneself 14）in oneself 15）between ourselves
16) among themselves 17) to oneself
五、相互代词的用法
表示互相：1）each other两人间的相互关系，使用对象上亲密，亲切。
2）one another 指几个人之间的相互关系，使用对象上疏远。
each other 和one another语义相同，句子成分上只能做宾语使用。
Tom and I write to each other/one another every week.
They gave each other/one another a present.
注意：each other和one another的所有格形式是在后一个词上加’s
We often borrow each other’s/one another’s clothes.
They have great concern for one another’s/each other’s work.
相互代词的用法：1）作宾语：
Sports can help people from different countries understand each other
better.
We should learn from one another.
2）所有格形式作定语
You ought to respect each other’s choices.
They took down one another’s addresses.
六、指示代词的用法
1.this, that, these, those的用法
1）表示近指和远指
this, these往往指时间或空间较近的人或物。
that, those可指时间或空间较远的人或物。
This gift is for you and that one is for your brother.
I love these books but I don’t like those ones.
注意：英国人打电话时，this指自己，that指对方。
Hello, this is Allan. Who is that speaking?
2）指刚提到过的或将要提到的事
指刚提到过的事情或已经完成的事情用that。
Little George broke the vase, but he didn’t admit it and that was very annoying.
指即将要发生或将要提到的事情用this.
I want to know this: Was Miss Tones here the whole morning?
3）that, those常常用来代替上文提到过的名词，以避免重复。
that 指代不可数名词或可数名词的单数。
Life today is much better than that in the old days. (that指代life)
those 指代可数名词复数。
The days in summer are longer than those in winter. (those指代the days)
4）this, that还可用作副词，意为“这么”“那么”。修饰形容词或副词，其用法与so类似。
She has never been this late for school before.
She is too young to walk that far.
5）与表示时间的名词搭配。
this 与有些名词连用表示“目前的具体时间”。
this morning 今天早晨this week 本周this month 这个月this spring 今年春天that 与某些名词连用表示“过去的具体时间”。
that morning 那天早上that week 那周that month 那个月that spring 那年春天
these 与某些名词连用表示“与目前相关的一段时间”。
these days 如今，目前，这些天these years 这些年these months 这些月
those 与某些名词连用表示“与过去相关的一段时间”。
those days 那些日子those years 那些年those months 那些月
注意：指示代词在句中所作得成分
1）主语：This is what I want to emphasize. 这就是我想强调的。
2）宾语：Better take those with you. 最好把那些带着。
3）表语：My idea is this. 我的想法是这样的。
4）定语：What shall I do with these flowers? 这些花怎么办？
注意：
1. 为避免重复，可用that 和those 代替前面提到的名词。如：
The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school.(that=the playground)
My seat is next to that of the mayor.
2. 用来回指上文提到的事情时，可用those 或that，但是若要指下文叙述的事情，通常要用this。如：
——She is a beautiful girl.
——Who said that?
I want to know this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道这一点：她美吗?
3. 在打电话时，通常用this 指自己，用that指对方：
Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂，我是吉姆，你是约翰吗?
4.除用作代词外，this 和that 还可用作副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，意为“这么”、“那么”，相当于so。
如：I've done only that much. 我所做的就这么多。
Is he always this busy? 他总这么忙吗?
七、疑问代词的用法
who, whom, whose, what, which.
1.who指人，是主格。主要作主语或表语。
Who saw you? Who is that girl?
2.whom 指人，为who的宾格，用作定语。
With whom did you go to the concert?
3.whose 是用来询问某人或某物属于谁的，在句中放在名词前作定语。
Whose bicycle is this?
4.what 用于对未知事物提问，主要指事物，也可以指人的职业或身份特征，还可用来询
问价格，人口数量等。
What do you usually do on Sundays? What color do you like? What is your father?
注意：1）What…for? 有时省略为What for? 用来询问原因或目的的。
What do you spend all the money for？
What for? We still have enough food in the apartment.
2）What if …用来表示假设，建议，征求意见或疑虑等。
What if it rains while we are on the way?
What if I go with you to the bazaar tomorrow?
3）What about… ? 表示建议或征求对方意见。
What about going to the zoo?
I don’t want to leave, what about you?
4）What do you mean…用于向对方表示愤怒，不满等情绪。
What do you mean by shutting the door so loudly?
What do you mean by shouting at me?
5.which 可指人或事物，表示在某一范围内选择。
用于必须做出某种特定的选择时，which后可以加of，而what 则不可以。
Which color do you like better, red or yellow?
※:what与which的用法区别：当选择的范围较明确时，用which；当选择的范围不明确时，用what。
Which color do you like, red, black or white? 红色、黑色和白色，你喜欢哪种？
What color is your car? 你的汽车是什么颜色的？
八、连接代词的用法
连接代词是由疑问代词充当的，用来引导各种名词性从句，并在从句中充当一定的成分。普通连接代词：who, whom, whose, which, what
复合式连接代词：whoever, whomever, whosever, whichever, whatever.
连接代词用来连接名词性从句：1.主语从句
2.宾语从句
3.表语从句
4.同位语从句
1.主语从句：1）Who will go there has not been decided.
2) Whom you are looking after is not known.
3) Whose car it is is not clear.
4) Which we’ll visit is up to her.
5) What you said is clear.
6) Whoever comes will be welcome.
7) Whomever you are looking for is not important.
8) Whosever car it is is unimportant.
9) Whichever you choose is my favorite.
10) Whatever you said is OK.
2.宾语从句：1) I don’t know who will go there.
2) I don’t know whom you are looking after.
3) I don’t know whose car it is.
4) I don’t know which we’ll visit.
5) I don’t know what you side.
6) I don’t know whoever comes.
7) I don’t know whomever you are looking for.
8) I don’t know whosever car it is.
9) I don’t know whichever you choose.
10) I don’t know whatever you said.
3.表语从句：1) The problem is who will go there.
2) The problem is whom you are looking after.
3) The problem is whose car it is.
4) The problem is which we’ll visit.
5) The problem is what you said.
6) The problem is whoever comes.
7) The problem is whomever you are looking after.
8) The problem is whosever car it is.
9) The problem is whichever you choose.
10) The problem is whatever you said.
4.同位语从句：1) The problem, who will go there has not been decided.
2) The problem, whom you are looking after is not known.
3) The problem, whose car it is is not clear.
4) The problem, which we’ll visit is up to her.
5) The problem, what you said is clear.
6) The problem, whoever comes will be welcome.
7) The problem, whomever you are looking for is not important.
8) The problem, whoever car it is is unimportant.
9) The problem, whichever you choose is my favorite.
10) The problem, whatever you said is OK.
九、关系代词的用法
关系代词在语义上与被修饰的名词一一照应，是对等的关系。
who, whom, whose, which, that, as.
都是用来引导定语从句的，这类代词通常起着纽带的作用，把从句和它修饰的词连接起来，同时又在从句中担任一个成分。
1)The boy who went to the library is our monitor.
2)The girl whom she is looking after is her neighbor.
3)The person whose coat is green is my tablemate.
4)I like the book which is written in English.
5)The man that is giving a speech on the meeting is our dean.
6)As is expected, he failed the exam.
7)There is nothing in the classroom but interested him.
8)They talk about less anxiety than exists in their life.
1.关系代词在句中所作成分：
1）The girl who spoke is my best friend.（作主语）
2）The man whom I bought it from told me to oil it. （作宾语）
七、A mental patient is one whose mind is diseased. （作定语）
八、He that would eat the fruit must climb the tree. （作主语）
九、She was not in the train which arrived just now. （作主语）
注意：（1）把它们称作关系代词是因为它们有关联作用，把引起的从句和所修饰的词联系起来。这种从句可称作关系从句，由于它修饰一个名词或代词，因而也称作定语
从句。
指人时：who whom
指物时：that which （在紧跟介词时只能用which，不能用that.）
The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.
This is a subject about which we might argue for a long time.
（2）关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，that 常可省略。
Those books (that) you lent me were very useful.
Here is the car (that) I told you about.
She has everything (that) she could wish for.
十、不定代词的用法
1）定义：
不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
2）种类
英语中不定代词有：some（something，somebody，someone，somewhere），any（anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere），no（nothing，nobody，no one），every（everything，everybody，everyone，everywhere），all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either，neither等。
☆不定代词是英语所有代词中最重要的一类，也是高考英语中最常考的一类，复习时应注意以下几点：
简单不定代词
1.one 的用法
one 指代可数名词，既可指人，也可指物。
可单独使用，也可放在单数可数名词前作定语。
one → ones （复数）
→ one’s Br. E（名词所有格）
his Am.E
→ oneself （反身代词）
himself
反义疑问句：one 正式语体
you 口语
One should wash his hair regularly, shouldn’t?
A. he
B. they
C. you
D. we
1) 单独使用，泛指“人”“一个人”“人们”。
（此时句中也可以出现one’s 或oneself 与之呼应）
One often fails to see one’s/his own faults.
One should do one’s/his b est at all times.
2）表示具体的“一个人”或“一个事物”
He is not one who is easy to work with.
This is the one you’re looking for.
注意：当one 前面有形容词修饰时，形容词前必须有冠词或代词。
Her new car goes faster than her old one.
I don’t li ke this green peach. Please give me a red one.
3）代替上文已出现过的单数可数名词或复数名词以避免重复。
I prefer red roses to white ones.
The problem is harder than that one.
词汇辨析：it , one, 与that
it 是用来代替前文出现的同一事物，即指同类同物，代替可数或不可数
名词。复数是they（主格）them（宾格）
I left my electronic dictionary in my drawer, but today it is gone.
（it 指上文提到的electronic dictionary）
one 代替与前面事物同属一类但非同一个的可数名词，表示泛指意义。复数为ones.
I don’t like this type of CD player. Could you show me a better one? （one 指CD player）
that 用来代替前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，可以指同一类；它的复数形式是those，用来替代前面特指的复数名词，
只能指物不能指人。
Mary’s handwriting is far better than that of Henry.（that 指the handwriting）
2.either, neither
either 表示“两者中任何一个”
neither 表示“两者中任何一个都不”
either, neither 是一对意义相反的代词，二者用法相同，都可作主语，宾语和定语。
Either is OK. （作主语）
You may take either of the books. （作宾语）
There are roses on either side of the road. （作定语）
1）either 和neither 作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
Neither is willing to help her.
注意：neither 后可跟of 短语
Neither of them is interested in the film.
2）either 用作代词，可以单独使用，也可和of 连用，of 后接复数名词，名词前要用一个物主代词，指示代词或定冠词。
He doesn’t like either of the two places.
3）either…or “不是……就是……; 或者……或者……”
neither…nor “既不……也不……”
皆为并列连词，连接句中两并列成分，连接两并列主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上应遵循就近一致的原则，即根据与谓语动词最靠近的主语决定谓语动词的
人称和数的形式。
Either he or you have stolen my watch.
Neither my sister nor I am willing to work with you.
4）either 在否定句中常位于句末，表示“也”之意，此时either为副词。
I don’t like maths and he doesn’t like it, either.
5）neither 表示“也不”，位于句首。后面使用倒装语序。
This shirt doesn’t fit me; neither does that one.
2. both, all
both “两者，都”仅指两个人或物。
all “全部，都”指三个或三个以上的人或物。
both of/all of 后为名词时，of 可以省略。
为代词宾格时，of 不可以省略。
All (of) the students went to the concert last night.
She invited both of us to her birthday party.
1）all 指事物的整体或抽象概念时用作单数，指人时用作复数。
All is going perfectly.
All are here, so let’s get started.
2）both 和all 都可置于定冠词等限定词之前，也可以直接修饰名词。
All the windows are open.
Both my sister and my cousin like playing cards.
3）both, all 作主语同位语时应位于实义动词之前，系动词，助动词或情态动词之后。
They both like coffee very much.
The people all agree to pass a law to protect wild animals.
They have both been living in Beijing for 20 years.
You should all hand in your work tomorrow.
3）在简略答语中，all和both不可置于句末。
A: Were you all present at the meeting?
B: Yes, we all were.
A: Have you finished the homework?
B: Yes, we both have.
注意：all 的全部否定形式是none
both 的全部否定形式是neither
None of us is a worker. / None of us are workers.
Neither of us is going to share the cost.
all, both与not 连用表示部分否定
Not all/both the teachers in this remote school have opportunity to get further education.
= All/both the teachers in this remote school don’t have opportunity to get further education. 在这所边远学校，不是所有（两个）老师都有机会去进修。
4. each, every
1) each 表示两者或两者以上的“每一个”，强调“个体”，倾向于把整体分开来考虑。
（具体的概念）
作代词或形容词，可以作主语，宾语，定语和同位语。
Each of them has a mobile phone.（作主语）
From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs. （作宾语）
Each room can seat at least fifty people. （作定语）
We each have a text book. （作同位语）
注意：代词each作同位语，谓语动词与主语we保持一致。
2) every指三者或三者以上的“每一个”，强调“全体”，暗示无一例外，在句中只能作定
语。
（概括的概念）
Every student went to the Great Wall with their teachers last Sunday.
注意：each of 后跟可数名词或代词复数，every不与of 连用。
Each of the houses here is painted a different color.
“ every ＋基数词＋名词复数”
“ ev ery ＋序数词＋名词单数”
表示“每……, 每隔……”
He went to see his grandpa every five days/every fifth day.
every 与not 连用，表示部分否定。
Every man is not honest. = Not every man is honest.
each 与not 连用，表示全部否定。
Each man is not honest.
在下列短语中，用each和every 均可。
each/every day; each/every year; each/every time
但：every now and then “时常，不时”为固定结构，不能用each.
5. another, other, the other, others, the others
1) another
(1) 强调三者或三者以上“另一个”，与可数名词单数连用，表示“另一个”，泛指（无
整体范围）
I have looked through these. Will you please show me another shirt?
(2) “another ＋数词＋复数名词”表示在原有基础上“又，再，额外”
I have been here for two weeks and I will stay here for another three weeks.
2）the other, other
the other (1) 强调两者之间的“另一个”，one…, the other…
On one side of the river grow willows, and on the other side grow poplars.
(2) 可与复数名词连用，表示“其他的人或物”
Can you distinguish Venus from the other stars?
other (1) “其他的”，与复数名词连用。
No matter what other people may say, I’ll stick to my plan.
(2) 也可与单数名词连用，与单数名词连用时必须有the, some, any, no等
词限定。
“any ＋other ＋单数名词”，表示排除本身的“别的任何一
个……”
I have no other shoe.
Have you got any other book on this subject?
John isn’t here. He might be in some other room.
(3) “数词＋other ＋复数名词”表示“额外的”
He found there were two other guests beside himself.
3）others, the others
others “ others = other ＋复数名词”
常与some连用，表示“一些”“另一些”。
Some of the questions are hard; others are easy.
In the summer vacation, some like to travel, and others like to have part-time jobs.
the others 作代词，表示特定范围的其余的一些人或物。
There are five foreign students in our class. Two of them are British and
the others (= the other three foreign students) are Americans.
There are ten apples. Five of them are mine, the others are yours.
6. some, any
some 常用在肯定句中，接可数名词复数或不可数名词。
Some people work to live, and some live to work.
I’d like some coffee with milk.
any 多用于疑问句，否定句，或条件句中，表示“一些”，既可以指可数名词复数，也可指不可数名词。
Have you got any money with you?
There won’t be any trouble.
If you have any books, please give me some.
注意：1）some 有时也用于疑问句中，表示说话者希望对方给予肯定的回答。
Would you like some tea?
2）any 有时也可用于肯定句中，表示“任何一个”“任何一些”。
Any normal child can learn a language very quickly.
Tom is taller than any other student in my class.
3）“some/any of ＋…”结构作主语时，谓语动词需要根据of 后面的名
词单复数而定。
Some of the food has gone bad.
Some of them agree, and some of them don’t.
I don’t think any of them are coming.
Any of your time is to be made full use of.
4）some 还可指某一个，此时常修饰可数名词的单数形式，some的这种用法暗含不认识，不知道，不感兴趣，不重视等意思。
Some person parked his car here.
Some day I’m going to take a long motor trip.
6. much, many
1) many修饰或代替可数名词，much修饰或代替不可数名词。
He hasn’t had much happiness these last few y ears.
How many times have you been there?
2) more是many和much的比较级，many 的比较级前用many等修饰可数名词的词语；
much的比较级前用much等修饰不可数名词的词语。
He has many (a lot/a few) more apples than I.
He has much (a lot/a little) more money than I.
3) 词组a good many 和复数名词连用，谓语动词也用复数形式；
many a 后的名词，动词都用单数。
A good many books were imported last year.
Many a man has tried it.
4) 作名词或代词，much一般只用于否定句或疑问句。但much可用在too, so及as之后
的肯定句中。
Does he know much about it?
He spends too much money on beer.
5) much too修饰形容词或副词，意为“实在太……”
too much 修饰不可数名词，表示“太多……”
He drives much too carefully.
I drank too much wine last night.
7. few, a few, little, a little
few几乎没有；表否定；代替或修饰可数名词。
a few几个，一些；表肯定；代替或修饰可数名词。
little 几乎没有；表否定；代替或修饰不可数名词。
a little一点儿；表肯定；代替或修饰不可数名词。
1) few, a few 作主语修饰名词时，谓语动词用复数；
little, a little 作主语修饰名词时，谓语动词用单数。
Few of them have been to London.
There are a few mistakes in his composition.
Hurry up. There is little time left.
2) little 可作状语，修饰形容词、副词或形容词、副词的比较级形式，相当于a bit，意为
“有点”。
not a little = very 非常，很
not a bit = not in the least/not at all 一点也不
He is a little/a bit taller than his brother.
He is not a little tired.
He is not a bit tired.
3) quite a few = many 很多；
quite a little = much 很多
Quite a few people knew about it.
He was very thirsty and drank quite a little water.
4) 有关的固定搭配
not a few 相当多的only a few 仅少数，只有几个
little or no 几乎没有little by little 逐渐地
复合不定代词：somebody, anybody, nobody
someone, anyone, no one
something, anything, nothing
everybody, everyone, everything
1)作主语时，谓语动词一律用单数。
Everything is ready for the meeting.
Is anybody absent?
注意：作反义疑问句，指物时，一律用单数
Everything is ready, isn’t it?
指人时Somebody was here yesterday, wasn’t he?
Nobody came here yesterday, did they?
（看不出单复数时，表泛指）
2)当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，应放在其后，作后置定语。
He said nothing new.
My mother cooked something nice for dinner.
注意：复合不定代词可与else 连用。
Nobody else but Robert could ever say this thing.
Ask somebody else to help you.
3）复合不定代词后不可接of 短语，但分开写的some one, every one, any one 之后可接of 短语。
Every one of the students can speak good English.
You may tell any one of us.
（no one 后不可接of 短语，但none可以）
词语辨析：
1.none, no one, nothing
none既可指人，也可指物，（可数、不可数都可以），常用来回答how many, how much 的提问。
no one只能指人，（只能为可数），常用来回答who的提问。
nothing只能指物，常用来回答what的提问。
— How many elephants are there in the zoo?
— None.
— Who is in the classroom now?
— No one.
— What are you doing now?
—Nothing.
注意：none 往往指三者或三者以上“没有一个”，作主语指可数名词时，谓语动词既可以用单数，也可以用复数。
Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has none of the trouble of taking buses.
2.everyone, every one
everyone指“每个人”“人人”，只指人。
every one指“每个”“个个”既可指人，也可指物。
every one ＋of
Every one of us objected to the new plan.
Everyone who has won prizes in the maths competition has the chance of studying abroad.
与复合不定代词构成的习惯句型：
1)He is nothing but a clerk.他只是一个职员。
2）He is anything but a clerk. 他绝对不是一名职员。
3）John looks something like his mother.约翰看上去有点像他的妈妈。
4）Our professor is something of an eccentric.我们教授的性情多少有点古怪。
十一、语法精讲It的用法
it 的用法
1) 指刚提到过的事物，以避免重复。
A: When did the letter come?
B: It came this morning.
2）指未知性别的婴儿或孩子。
What a beautiful baby, is it a boy?
3）指不明身份的人。
A: Who is it knocking at the door?
B: It might be the postman.
4）指时间或季节。
It is ten o’clock.
It was nearly midnight when she came back.
It is late autumn.
2）指天气，环境。
It’s raining hard outside.
It is noisy in here.
3）指距离。
It is half an hour’s walk to the city centre.
4）用于形式主语或形式宾语。
简单句：It is hard to learn English well.
形式主语真正主语
I find it hard to learn English well. （hard为语补足语，语义上的补充）
形式宾语真正宾语
注：宾语，宾语补足语合称为复合宾语。
复合句：I find (that) it is hard to learn English well. （宾语从句）
主句系表
形式主语：It is / was + adj./n./p.p + subject-clause
可用于此句型的形容词有：clear, certain, funny, good, impossible, likely, natural, obvious, possible, probable, strange, surprising, true, unusual, wonderful, 等。
可用于该结构的名词词组主要有：a pity / duty, a good thing, no surprise, good news, an honor, a fact, a mystery, a shame, manner, 等。
形式宾语：主语+ think/find/make/believe/consider/feel…it + adj/n + to do…/doing…/that……..like/hate/enjoy it when….
I’d appreciate it if you…
5）用于强调结构中
It is/was …that/who…（不作任何成分）
The students are learning grammar in the classroom now.
→It is the students who are learning grammar in the classroom now.
→It is grammar that the students are learning in the classroom now.
→It is in the classroom that the students are learning grammar now.
→It is now t hat the students are learning grammar in the classroom.
注意：在强调结构中，不能强调谓语部分。
6）用来代替上文提到过的句子。
You saved my life; I’ll never forget it.
注意：this 上文发生过的，下文要说的事。（通常）
that 只能指代上文说过的一个名词。
it 通常指代上文的一句话。
He bought me a shirt. I like it.
He bought me a shirt. I like that.
It常用的固定句型：
1）It takes sb…to do…
某人用多长时间做某事
It took the man a week to mend our roof.
2）It’s (about/high) time that…should…
是该做某事的时候了
It’s (about/high) time that we should take action.
3）It’s the ＋序数词＋time (that)…have ＋v-ed
第几次做某事了
It is the third time that he has failed the driving test.
4）It’s…since…从…已（多长时间了）
It is five years since he stopped smoking.
It is five years since we last met.
5）It was not…before…；It won’t be long before…
用不了多长时间某动作发生了; 过不了多久某动作将要发生
It was not lon g before they arrived. It won’t be long before he returns from abroad.
练习。
1. This is（my / I）mother.
2. Nice to meet （your / you）.
3. （He / His）name is Mark.
4. What’s（she / her）name?
5. Excuse（me / my / I.
6. Are（your / you）Miss Li?
7.（I/ My）am Ben.
8. She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank （your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）
用所给代词的正确形式填空。
1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers.
2. That is _______( she ) sister.
3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.
4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.
5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America.
6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students.
7. Do you know ______ ( it
) name? 8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends.
9. Thanks for helping ________( I ).
10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher.
单项选择。
（ 1. My family ____ a big family. My family ____all here.
A. is, is
B. are, are
C. is, are
D. are, is
（）2. This is __________.
A. a picture of family
B. a picture of my family
C. a family’s picture
D. a family of my picture
（）3. Let’s __________ good friends.
A. be
B. are
C. is
D. am
（）4. Is she your aunt? Yes, __________.
A. she’s
B. her is
C. she is
D. he is
（）5. Are __________ coats yours? Yes, they are .
A. they
B. these
C. this
D. there
（）6. Is that __________ uncle? No, it isn’t
A. he
B. she
C. her
D. hers
（）7. Mrs. Green is __________ grandmother.
A. Jim and Kate
B. Jim and Kate’s
C. Jim’s and Kate’s
D. Jim and Kates’
（）8. Do you know the name _____Mr. Green’s son?
A. in
B. of
C. on
D. or
（）9. __________ the great photo of your family.
A. thank for
B. Thanks for
C. Thank for
D. thanks for
（）10. Are those your friends? __________.
A. Yes, they’re
B. No, they are
C. Yes, they are
D. Yes, those are
填上正确的人称代词和物主代词
1. _____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。
2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。
3. Who is there? It’s _____. 是谁啊？是我。
4. Come with _____. 跟我来。
5. ______ classroom is bigger than _____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。
6. ______ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。
7. I want to buy some balloons for _____. 我想买些气球送给他。
8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。
9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。
10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
11. This is _____ father. 这是我的爸爸。
12. _____ like ______ car. 我喜欢他们的小汽车。五. 代词填空
1. This is not _____ desk. My desk is over there.
2. －Can you spell _____ name, Harry?
－Sorry.
3. Tom and Jack are brothers. The room is ______.
4. We are in the same class. _____ classroom is very nice.
5. Mrs Green is my teacher. I’m a student of ______.
6. That’s a cat. _____ name is Mimi.
7. Tom is in the room. This pencil-box is _____.
8. Sam and Peter, look at _____ hands. They are so dirty.
9. －Mike, is this picture _____? －Yes, it is.
10. －Can we put _____ coats here? －Yes, you can.
11. Mum, they are _____ classmates Rose and _____brother David.
用物主代词填空:
1. I own that cat; that cat is ____ .
2. You own that cat: that cat is ____ .
3. He owns that cat; that cat is ____ .
4. She owns that cat; that cat is ____ .
5. They own that cat; that cat is ____ .
用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空
1. I can’t find ____ sandwiches. Can I have one of ____ ?
2. Tell Tom not to forget ____ book. And you mustn’t forget ____ .
3. George has lost ____ pen. Ask Mary if she will lend him ____ .
4. We are having ____ dinner; are they having ____ ?
5. The teacher wants you to return that book of ____ that she lent you.
6. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of ____ are coming to see us.
7. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of ____ .
选择题
1. By the way, who will teach ___pop music next term?
A. us
B. Our
C. ours
D. we
2. Both Pingping and Beibei have done ___homework.
A. his
B. Her
C. their
D. both’s
3. Everybody is here, ___?
A. isn’t everybody
B. isn’t it
C. isn’t he
D. aren’t they
4. It was ___ who wrote those words on the blackboard.
A. he
B. Him
C. himself
D. his
5. He wants nothing but a house of ____.
A. his own
B. Himself c. his father D. his own house
6. Can you express ___ in English?
A. yourself
B. You
C. yours
D.yours’
7. One of them hasn’t got ___ lessons prepared.
A. her
B. Its
C. one’s
D. his
8. You don’t look quite ___ today. What’s the matter with you?
A. you
B. Your
C. your own
D. yourself
9. Though ___ is a long w ay from here, we’ll do our best to reach there in time.
A. there
B. it
C. its
D. itself
10. We don’t consider ___ necessary for them to move into that house.
A. that
B. This
C. it
D. them
11. ___ is a great and glorious country.
A. Our
B. Ours
C. Its
D. Our’s
12. He parents are going on a study trip with a friend of ___.
A. them
B. Their
C. themselves
D. theirs
13. I’m sorry to say ___ of your answers are correct.
A. none
B. Neither
C. both
D. any
14. --- Who is that knocking at the door?
----_____ must be the milkman.
A. He
B. She
C. It
D. The man
15. ___ agree to your plan.
A. Anyone of us
B. No one of us
C. None of us
D. Someone of us
16. The books here are not so well written as ___ on the shelf.
A. that
B. Those
C. ones
D. them
17. My father is a farmer, but ___ is yours?
A. who
B. How
C. which
D. what
18. ___ do you think of my composition?
A. How
B. What
C. Which
D. Why
19. ___ of you would like to get me the bike?
A. Which
B. What
C. Whom
D. Whomever
20. Please write on the paper ___ line.
A. each other
B. every other
C. all other
D. this and that
21. Would you lend me ___ of your money, please?
A. any
B. many
C. some
D. a lot of
22. Sorry, but I have only ___ ink left over.
A. little
B. few
C. a little
D. a few
23. ___ who come from the countryside, please fill out the form.
A. All
B. Anyone
C. These
D. Those
24. She went for a swim in the pool yesterday and I’ll do ___ this afternoon.
A. it
B. such
C. same
D. the same
25. There’re tall buildings on ___ side of the street.
A. either
B. both
C. every
D. any
26. ___ must do ___ best to serve the people.
A. One…his
B. One…her
C. One…one
D. Ones…ones’
27. He has quite a lot of interesting magazines but I have ___.
A. no
B. none
C. no one
D. neither
28. ___ are fond of collecting stamps.
A. Both the children
B. Both of children
C. My both children
D. Both of the my children
29. Of the 4 books, one is written by a young writer and ___ by an old one.
A. other three
B. three other
C. the other three
D. the three other
30. He invited the three of ___, Bob, Tom and ___.
A. we…me
B. us…I
C. we…I
D. us…me
31. ___seems as if we are going to have trouble.
A. We
B. It
C. That
D. There
32. Is ___ any use talking to him about it?
A. this
B. that
C. he
D. it
33. Since you don’t have a dictio nary here, why not use ___?
A. my
B. mine
C. her
D. their
34. This book is not mine. It belongs to ___.
A. he
B. his
C. him
D. himself
35. Be at home and help ___ to the fish.
A. me
B. him
C. yourself
D. you
36. Try to work out the problem ___.
A. all by yourself
B. by you
C. all by yours
D. by your
37. The children seem to be enjoying ___ very much.
A. them
B. their
C. theirs
D. themselves
38. He always thinks more about others than about ___.
A. he
B. him
C. his
D. himself
39. The police hid ___ behind the building.
A. him
B. himself
C. them
D. themselves
40. When I was about to go out, the door opened ___.
A. of itself
B. by itself
C. oneself
D. for itself
41. After that, Madame Curie did one experiment after ___.
A. one
B. other
C. another
D. the other
42. You can find a tower at ___ end of the bridge.
A. both
B. every
C. either
D. any
43. Have you got any books on the computer? I’d like to borrow.
A. them
B. some
C. it
D. those
44. The most interesting books are not necessarily ___ with a lot of pictures.
A. these
B. the ones
C. them
D. that
45. The population of China is larger than ___ of any country.
A. one
B. the one
C. that
D. it
46. People used to think that heavy objects always fell faster than light ___.
A. ones
B. the ones
C. these
D. those
47. Is this story as funny as ___ you read yesterday?
A. that one
B. one
C. the one
D. it
48. It’s ___, not you, who wan ts more.
A. me
B. him
C. he
D. I
49. ___ of them will accept your idea because it is not reasonable.
A. Nobody
B. No one
C. Everyone
D. None
50. ___ is good at French.
A. My either children
B. Either of my children
C. Either my children
D. My either of children
51. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ___.
A. it
B. those
C. them
D. one
52. -----When shall we meet again?
-----Make it ___ day you like, it’s all the same to me.
A. one
B. any
C. another
D. some
53. Tom’s mother kept telling him he should work harder, but ___ didn’t help.
A. he
B. she
C. it
D. which
54. ----- Is ___ here?
----- No, Bob and Tim asked for leave.
A. everybody
B. somebody
C. anybody
D. nobody
55. Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers. Now she would like to read ___ stories by writers from ___ countries.
A. some; any
B. some; other
C. other; some
D. other; other
56. In one single year, rats eat 40 to 50 times ___ weight.
A. its
B. their
C. ones
D. of
57. The family never agree about ___ shares of the property.
A. her
B. its
C. their
D. his
58. I was disappointed with the film. I had expected ___ to be much better.
A. one
B. this
C. that
D. it
59. There’re so many kinds of computers on sale that I can’t make up my mind ___ to buy.
A. what
B. where
C. how
D. which
60. Saying something is one thing while doing it is ___.
A. other
B. the other
C. others
D. another
61. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
62.---Is there any picture on the wall? ---_____.
A. Nothing
B. No one
C. No ones
D. None
63. You have to hurr y up if you want to buy something because there’s hardly
___ left
A. something
B. nothing
C. anything
D. everything
64. They were all very tired, but ___ of them would stop to take a rest.
A. any
B. some
C. none
D. neither
65. Tom felt that he knew everybody’s business better than they knew it _____.
A. themselves
B. oneself
C. itself
D. himself
66. Think _____ and you’ll have some idea.
A. over
B. over it
C. it over
D. it
67. I had a bad cold and _____ is why I didn’t attend the meeting.
A. it
B. this
C. there
D. that
68. This is not such a good story _____ I had expected.
A. what
B. which
C. as
D. that
69. _____ the homework seriously.
A. No every student do
B. No every student does
C. Not every student do
D. Not every student does
70. _____ child will find his personal road to success.
A. Every
B. Each
C. Some
D. The
71. We can’t find our bikes _____. Have you seen them?
A. anywhere
B. somewhere
C. nowhere
D. where
72. Jack is _____ of an artist.
A. anyone
B. someone
C. anything
D. something
73. Tom sings better than _____ in our class.
A. any other girl
B. some other girls
C. any girl
D. some girl
74. Is this museum _____ you visited last Sunday?
A. that
B. /
C. the one
D. which
75. As we were all asleep, _____ heard that loud noise.
A. either of
B. neither of
C. none of
D. one of
76. There’s something wrong with my watch. Will you ___?
A. see it to
B. see to it
C. watch to it
D. see to look at it
77. I didn’t know which was the better so I took them _____.
A. all
B. each
C. none
D. both
78. You will realize your dream _____.
A. the other day
B. some day
C. in the days
D. for a few days
79. _____ comes first will be served first.
A. Who
B. Anybody
C. All that
D. Whoever
80. _____ seems no need to hurry.
A. It
B. That
C. There
D. He
高考链接：
1)Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but ____of them wants to, because they have work to do.（2012年全国新课标）
A. either
B. any
C. neither
D. none
2）One of the most important questions they had to consider was ____ of public health.
(2009年全国卷)
A. what
B. this
C. that
D. which
1. （全国I 23）. I’ll spend half of my holiday practicin g English and ___ half learning drawing.
A. another
B. th e other
C. other’s
D. other
2. (全国II 12.) Neither side is prepared to talk to _____ unless we can smooth thing over between them。
A. others
B. the other
C. another
D. one other
3.（全国II 14）. The doctor thought ____ would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this
B. that
C. one
D. it
4.(安徽卷21).You are the team star! Working with _________ is really your cup of tea.
A. both
B. either
C. o thers
D. the other
5.（福建卷22）When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson could you please say for me ?
A. everything
B. anything
C. something
D. nothing
6.（江西卷27）. Swimming is my favorite sport, There is like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
A. something
B. anything
C. nothing
D. everything
7.（陕西卷12）. The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ in any other area of the city.
(完整版)英语代词的用法全归纳
英语词类 英语中的词可以根据词义、语法功能和形式特征分为十大类，即名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、形容词(adjective)、副词(adverb)、动词(verb)、数词(numeral)、冠词(article)、介词(preposition)、连词(conjunctions)和感叹词(int erjection)。 英语代词的用法全归纳 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况，在这九类代词中，不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。 二：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称（第一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，性（阴性、阳性、中性）以及格（主格、宾格）的变化。 物主代词又包括两种形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下：
三、人称代词的用法 1) 定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致。 如：I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing. The boys are students, and they are in the room. The doy is small. It is Tom's. 2)人称代词的句法功能 A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语。 B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(主语)
【英语】英语代词用法详解
【英语】英语代词用法详解 一、单项选择代词 1．Behind this shop lies a nonprofit organization, ____helping survivors of drug and alcohol addiction, violence and other horrible experiences. A．one B．the one C．that D．which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查代词。句意：这家店的背后是一个非营利性组织，一个帮助吸毒、酗酒、暴力和其他可怕经历的幸存者的组织。后文中没有谓语动词，故不属于定语从句，不能选择C或者D 选项。且设空处做organization的同位语，表泛指，故不加冠词the，排除B选项。故综上选A。 2．The Olympic Games makes _____ possible for people to live side by side in peace. A．this B．it C．that D．不填 【答案】B 【解析】 本题的含义是奥运会使人们能够和平的生活在一起成为可能，本题make后的真正宾语位于句尾用动词不定式，那么在英文中通常用形式宾语it来代替真正的主语，故本题选B。 3．Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my next birthday, ______ beyond my imagination. A．which B．that C．something D．the one 【答案】C 【解析】 考查同位语。something beyond my imagination 是 a nice gift 的同位语,补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句子中没有动词构成不了句子，所以which不能选。the one 指代与gift 是同一个东西的礼物,意思成了“出乎想象的已知的礼物”,与上文的 promised to buy 不符。句意：妈妈承诺我下个生日给我买一个超乎我的想象的好看的礼物。故选C。 4．－When shall we go to see the movie The Hunger Games together? －Make it ________ day you like; it's all the same to me. A．one B．any C．another D．some 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：考查形容词辨析。本句中的any意为“任意一个”，another另外一个；some一些；one一个；句意：—我们什么时候一起去看《饥饿游戏》这部电影啊？—你喜欢的随便那一天都行，我都没关系的。根据句意可知使用any day，表示任意一天都可以。故B正确。 【名师点睛】
不定代词用法总结
不定代词总结 一、不定代词 some 与 any 的用法区别 一般说来，不定代词 some 用于肯定句中， any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是，在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中，通常要用 some 而不用 any ： Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吗？ Why not buy some bread? 为什么不买些面包呢？ Shall I get some chalk for you? 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗？ 【说明】不定代词 any 有时也用于肯定句中，此时表示“任何”： Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。 Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。 二、不定代词 many 与 much 的用法以及区别 不定代词 many 和 much 都表示“许多”，但 many 修饰或代替可数名词（复数），与 few（少数）相对；而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词（单数），与 little（少量）相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中： Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗 ? We don 't have much time. 我们没有许多时间。 Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。 You 've given me too much. 你已给我太多了。 Take as many （much） as you want. 你要多少拿多少。 I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。 辨析： too much ； much too ； too many 1、too much 常用作副词或代词 ,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词 .如： Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health? 电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害 ? You've given me too much. 你给我的太多了 .
代词：人称代词用法归纳
代词：人称代词用法归纳 英语中人称代词（Personal Pronoun）意为用于指代人的词汇，属于代词范畴，就像 汉语中的“你”、“我”、“他”。常用的英语人称代词有：I、you、he、she、it（主格）。人称代词在句中作不同成分时有不同的形式，如：主格、宾格、第三人称单数形式等。 一、人称代词的主格和宾格 人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式，第三人称的人称代词还有性别的变化。主格主要用 来做句子的主语，在正式文体中也可用作表语；宾格主要用作宾语，在口语中也常用来做 句子的表语。在口语中，若省略谓语及其他成分的短句中，人称代词宾格可用作主语。 如：“He has read the novel. ” “Me too. ” “他看过这小说”。“我也看过”。 二、人称代词的排列顺序 1. 两个或两个以上的人称代词并列使用时，对于单数人称代词，按“二三一”的顺序排列；对于复数人称代词，按“一二三”的顺序排列。如： You, he and I must obey the rules. 你，他和我都得遵守规则。 We, you and they should stay here. 我们，你们和他们都应该留在这。 2. 若要承担责任或过失时，则通常将第一人称放在前面。如： It was I and Tom who were late. 迟到的是我和汤姆。 3.表示男女的代词并排使用时，通常是先男后女。如： Nobody likes such things except him and her. 除了他和她，没有喜欢那样的东西。 三、人称代词主格的用法 主格人称代词通常在句子中做主语和表语。 1、作主语 1
it的用法归纳
?Never be afraid of grammar ?Collect some examples; ?Watch them very carefully; ?Find out something in common; ?Try to use the rules ---- practise. it用法完全归纳 一、it 作人称代词的用法 1.指事物 作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?”“It’s in the bedroom. ”“狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2.指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’s me。
3.代替某些代词 代词it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。如： “What’s this?”“It’s a new machine. ”“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1.基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如： It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2.用于某些句型 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。 It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”) It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)
代词用法详解
. 语法专题: 代词用法详解及练习 英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词等等。今天我们主要学习小学英语中常用到的“人称代词”和“物主代词”的用法。 01 人称代词 表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表 单复数、 人称 名称 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 人称代词 主格 I you he she it
we you they 宾格 .. . me you him her it us you them 1、主格：句中做主语，一般用在动词前（疑问句除外）。 例：I have a dog. I am from China.我来自中国。 We are good friends.我们是好朋友。 They help me a lot 2、宾格：在句中做宾语，多用于动词、介词后。 例：Mr. Wang teaches us English.王老师教我们英语。 Let me help you.让我来帮你。 What's wrong with him ？他怎么了？ 3. 两个或两个以上的人称代词并列作主语时，排列顺序为：单数人称二、三、一，复数人称一、 二、三。 例如： You ,she and I are good friends.我，你和她都是好朋友。 We,you and they all like music.我们，你们和他们都喜欢音乐。
英语代词用法总结(完整)
英语代词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择代词 1．I’m as big as human. In fact, I look like ______ too. A．the one B．that C．it D．one 【答案】D 【解析】 考查不定代词。句意：我同人一样大，事实上，我看起来像一个人。此处用one代替前面的human，故选D。 2．The Olympic Games makes _____ possible for people to live side by side in peace. A．this B．it C．that D．不填 【答案】B 【解析】 本题的含义是奥运会使人们能够和平的生活在一起成为可能，本题make后的真正宾语位于句尾用动词不定式，那么在英文中通常用形式宾语it来代替真正的主语，故本题选B。 3．----Will $ 1,000 _______ the cost of the trip? ----I’m afraid not. Perhaps I need _______ $500. A．pay; another B．charge; more C．cover; another D．afford; more 【答案】C 【解析】 句意“1000美元够旅行的费用吗？”“恐怕不够，也许还需要500美元。”charge“收费”；cover“包括”；afford“买得起”。根据句意可知，用cover；在原来的基础上再多一些用“another+数词”或“数词+more”表示，这里用another。故选C。 4．--- Daddy, do you like ________ if I buy a purse for my mom’s birthday? --- It couldn’t be better. A．this B．one C．that D．it 【答案】D 【解析】 在此句中，it是一个形式宾语。根据句意，可知选D。 句意：--爸爸，我买给妈妈一个钱包作为生日礼物你喜欢吗？--那最好不过了。 考点：代词／不定代词 5．Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of China’s Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, ______making him the richest person in China. A．it B．one C．that D．which 【答案】B
代词one的用法
代词one的用法 一、基本用法归纳 1. 用于泛指人们或任何人，包括说话人和听话人，其用法与表泛指的you相似。如： One must believe in something. 人一定要有信仰。 One shouldn’t be too hard on oneself. 一个人不能对自己太苛刻。 One always thinks other people’s lives are more interesting. 人们总是认为别人的生活更加有趣。 在美国英语里，如果one用在句首，后面提到这个one时常常用he, him 和his，但在英国英语里则仍用one。如： One cannot succeed at this unless he [one] tries hard. 除非你很努力，否则这事就成功不了。 2. 用于表示某个不确定的人或事物，其意相当于“不定冠词+名词”。如： I’d like one with a garden. 我想要一座带花园的。（其中的one相当于a house等）He talks to one like a teacher. 他和人谈话就像个老师似的。（其中的one相当于a person, a man等） 3. 表示两个或多个中的“一个”。如： One of my weaknesses is smoking too much. 我的缺点之一是抽烟太多。 Here are two books. One is for Mary, the other is for Jack. 这里有两本书，一本给玛丽，一本给杰克。 One person may like to spend his vacation at the seashore, while another may prefer the mountains. 一个人会喜欢在海滨度假，而另一个人会喜欢在山里度假。
代词one,it,that的用法区别
代词one,it,that的用法区别 代词one, it that的用法在历届高考题中出现的频率较高，是高考的热点之一。 1）one, it, that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词。例如： ①I'm looking for a flat. I'd really like one with a garden. ②-Where did you find your watch? - I find it in our classroom. ③The population of China is larger than that of any other country. 2）one可指人或物，只替代单数可数名词，复数用ones. One是泛指，但有限定修饰语，如the, this, that…修饰就变成了特指。如： ①One must do one's duty. ②Mary has a red pencil and Jane has a blue one. ③The new designs are much better than the old ones. 3）.that只指物，不指人，可替代可数名词或不可数名词，具有“特指”性质。指的是同类事物中的另一样东西，即同类异物。如：The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.(that 代替的是另一个图书馆。) 4）one 和that 在代替可数名词时，如果没有前置定语只有后置定语时，the one 和that 可互换。但该名词如有前置定语，则只能用the one,而不能用that。例如： ①I will take the seat next to the one(=that)by the window.我就坐窗口的那个座位旁边。 ②I prefer the large box to the small one.(one 不可用that替换)。 5）That的复数形式those代替可数名词的复数。可指人或物，一般后面跟修饰语。如： ①Today's cellphones are smaller than those(=the ones)used in the past. ②The students who do best in exam are not always those(=the ones) with the best brains. 6）the one(ones)或that ,those 指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时，其关系代词which在that之后，which不能省略，而在the one、ones 之后,which可省略。如： ①Their problem today is somewhat similar to that which they faced many years ago. 7）代替不可数名词时，应该用that。如：The equipment is different from that. 8）it代替上文所提到的名词时，是指同类事物中的同一样东西，即同类事物。如： I have lost my pen. I'm looking for it. 9）it和that可代替前面整个句子的意思，而one却不能；that可引导一个限定性定语从句，代替某个先行词（单复数名词均可），it和one则不能；it可代替不定式、动名词或从句，用作形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于强调句型中，而one和that则不能。如： ①-I will make bed for you. –It is very kind of you. ②Jim said he had read my novel.But that was not possible. ③A clock is an instrument that tells time. ④The students that surf the Internet will be punished by the teacher. ⑤It is nice to see you again. ⑥It is no use calling her up. ⑦I found it impossible for me to pass the test. ⑧It was I who broke your window.
英语代词用法详解
代词： 1、代词的分类：英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、 反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 2、人称代词：人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 1、主格用来作句子的主语、表语。如：I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) / Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗？)/ Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了？)/ That’s
it.(就那么回事) / It’s he!(是他！) 2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如：Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的 英语？) / Help me!(救救我！) / We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) 3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或 as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语 中大多用宾格。如：--Who is it?(是谁？)–It’s I/me.(是我。) 4、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如： Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿？) –You and me.(你和 我) 5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时 间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以 作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定 式、动名词或者名词性从句。如：--What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎样？)—It’s fine.(天气晴好) / --What’s the time?(几点啦？) –It’s 12：00.(12点) / It’s a long way to go.(那 可要走好长的路)/ It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间) / It is very clear that the public want to know
疑问代词用法总结及练习
疑问代词用法总结及练习 句子是英语学习的核心。从句子使用的目的来分，它可分为四类 1、陈述句（肯定句和否定句） 2、疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句） 3、祈使句（肯定句和否定句） 4、感叹句。 四大句子类型的相互转换，对于学生来讲是个难点，为此，可通过说顺口溜的形式来帮助学生解决这一难题。 如：将陈述句变成一般疑问句，可以变成这样的顺口留：疑问疑问调个头，把be(系动词“is are am”)放在最前头。 如：将陈述句的肯定句变成否定句，我们就可以这样说：否定，否定加“not”，加在何处，加在系动词的后面。 在句子相互转换的题型中，最难的要算“就下列划线部分提问”或是“看答句，写问句”这种题型了，其实，我们只要熟练掌握疑问词（what，what time, what colour, where， when, who， whose， which， how， how old ，how tall, how long, how big, how heavy , how much， how many等等）具体用法。
习题 一、选择正确的单词填空 (who, where, when) is that pretty girl She is my sister. are Jack and Tom They are behind you. do you go to school I go to school from Monday to Friday. has a beautiful flower John has a beautiful flower.
are they They are my parents. is my mother She is in the living room. are you going We are going to the bakery(面包坊). Jim and Wendy play ball They play ball in the afternoon. does he jog He jogs in the park. are you from I'm from Changchun city. 11. _______ is your birthday –On May 2nd. 12、_______ are you --- I`m in the office. 13. are you ---- I`m Alice. 二．用（what time, what color, what day, what）填空。 1. A: ______ _______ is it B: It is nine o’clock. 2. A: ______ _______ does your mother get up B: My mother gets up at 6:30. 3. A: ______ _______ do you go to bed B: I go to bed at 10:00. 4. A: ______ _______ do Diana and Fiona have supper B: Diana and Fiona have supper at 18:00. 5. A: ______ _______is it B: It is purple. 6. A: ______ _______ is the sky B: The sky is blue. 7. A: ______ _______ is your coat B: My coat is black. 8. A: ______ _______ is the dog B: The dog is white. 9. A: ______ _______ is today B: Today is Monday. 10. A: ______ _______ is tomorrow B: Tomorrow is Tuesday. 11. A: ______ _______ was yesterday B: Yesterday was Sunday. 12. A: ______ _______ do you like B: I like red. 13. A: ______ is this This is a computer. 14. A: ______ are you doing B: We are playing basketball.
初中英语语法归纳：代词
初中英语语法归纳：代词 代词(pron.)代替名词,兼有名词和形容词的作用 (一)代词的类别 相互代词 each other,one another 指示代词 this,that,these,those 不定代词(不指明特定的人或事物的代 词)each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,no,one,(a)few,(a)little,some,any,man y,much,other,another 复合不定代词 everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,everyone,someone,anyone,no one,every-thing,something,anything,nothing 疑问代词 what,who,whom,which,whose 直接代词疑问代词都可作连接代词，引导宾语从句。表语从句等。 关系代词 who,whom,whose,that,which用引导定语从句。 (二)代词的用法 1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词和指示代词的用法 (1)人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格用来作主语，宾格用来作动词或介词的宾语等。 eg. She gave me a red apple.她给了我一个红苹果： (She作主语,me作动词宾语) Kath is near him.凯西靠近他。(介词near的宾语) 2.物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。 ①形容词性物主代词位于名词前：their school,his backpack ②名词性物主代词相当干一个名词,在句中可作主语、宾语等，后面不能再接名词。 egIt isn’t my pen.→Mine(=my pen) is missing.(作主语) I left my pen at home. You can use hers(=her pen),(作宾语) ③“of+名词性物主代词”属双重所有格的一种形式。 cat of hers她的一条狗,a friend of yours你的一个朋友 3.反身代词 ①反身代词在句中可作同位语，起强调作用，也可作动词或介词的宾语。 few days later,I myself had to go to Paris.(作同位语) She bought herself a new bag.(作动词宾语) He’s not worried about himself.(作介词宾语) ②带有反身代词的常用短语。 teach oneself 自学 help oneself to 随便吃些…吧
代词用法详解
语法专题: 代词用法详解及练习 英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词等等。今天我们主要学习小学英语中常用到的“人称代词”和“物主代词”的用法。 01 人称代词 表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表 单复数、 人称 名称 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 人称代词 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格
me you him her it us you them 1、主格：句中做主语，一般用在动词前（疑问句除外）。 例：I have a dog. I am from China.我来自中国。 We are good friends.我们是好朋友。 They help me a lot 2、宾格：在句中做宾语，多用于动词、介词后。 例：Mr. Wang teaches us English.王老师教我们英语。 Let me help you.让我来帮你。 What’s wrong with him ？他怎么了？ 3. 两个或两个以上的人称代词并列作主语时，排列顺序为：单数人称二、三、一，复数人称一、二、三。 例如： You ,she and I are good friends.我，你和她都是好朋友。 We,you and they all like music.我们，你们和他们都喜欢音乐。 4.当I与其他词语一起并列作主语时，I要放在后面，但承认错误时，I要放在前面。 例如： She and I are in the same school.她和我在同一个学校。 I and he make mistakes.我和他犯了错误。
疑问代词用法总结归纳
疑问代词用法总结归纳 以下是为大家整理的疑问代词的用法总结，希望能帮助大家更好地认识疑问代词，提高英语水平。 1) 疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。疑问代词有下列几个： 指人：who, whom, whose 指物：what 既可指人又可指物：which 2) 疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前，没有性和数的变化，除who之外也没有格的变化。what, which, whose还可作限定词。试比较： 疑问代词：Whose are these books on the desk? 桌上的书是谁的? What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion? 美国的领土扩张是朝哪个方向的? 限定词：Whose books are these on the desk? 桌上的书是谁的? What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?哪些事件使密西西比
河以东的大部分土地归属于美国? 说明1： 无论是做疑问代词还是限定词，which 和what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定的范围内，例如： What girls do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘? Which girls do you like best? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘? 说明2： Whom是who的宾格，在书面语中，它作动词宾语或介词宾语，在口语中作宾语时，可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom, 例如： Who(m) are you taking the book to? 你要把这书带给谁?(作介词宾语，置句首) Who(m) did you meet on the street? 你在街上遇到了谁?(作动词宾语) To whom did you speak on the campus? 你在校园里和谁讲话了?(作介词宾语，置介词后，不能用who 取代。) 说明3： 疑问代词还可引导名词性从句，例如：
代词的用法(基础知识)
代词的用法 【真题再现】 1. Last month, we went to Li Zongsheng’s concert. The beautiful songs about his younger days reminded us to love ______. (2016 山西) A. yours B. theirs C. ours 2. — This book on idioms is interesting. I'd like , where did you buy it, Simon? (2016连 云港) — In the Amazon Bookstore. A. it B. this C. that D. one 3. —Which of the two T-shirts would you like? (2016扬州) —________. I don't like their styles. A. Either B. Both C. None D. Neither 4. — Excuse me, may I use your bicycle? ______ is broken. (2016南京) — Certainly. But remember to return it before lunch. A. I B. Me C. Myself D. Mine 5. We must protect plants. They are friends of ______. (2016河北) A. we B. us C. our D. ours 6. We decide to make ________ a rule for us room-mates to turn off the lights at 10:30 pm. (2016 菏泽) A. that B. this C. it D. one 7. — Which of the two pairs of shoes will you take?(2016 菏泽) —I’ll take ________. They are too small for me. A. both B. all C. either D. neither 8. Oh, your shirt is the same _________. ( 2016年烟台) A. as me B. with her C. with mine D. as hers 9. My star sign is Virgo and my characteristics are similar to described in that book. (2016镇江) A. them B. these C. ones D. those 10. —Is there beef in the fridge? (2016年天津) —No, there isn't. There is pork. A. some; any B. any; any C. some; some D. any; some 11. — Would you like tea or coffee? (2016广州) — ______, thanks! I'd prefer a coke. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. Some 12. — Here is a dictionary. Whose is it? (2016福州) — Oh, it's ________. Thank you. A. me B. my C. mine 13．— Look at this model ship．I made it all by ______ last week．(2017广东) — Wow, you are so smart! A．me B．my C．mine D．myself 14. I don’t like ______ watch. I like ______. (2017天津) A. me; your B. my; your C. me; yours D. my; yours 15．Everyone makes mistakes in his or her life．The important thing is not to repeat ______．(2017
【英语】英语代词用法总结(完整)
【英语】英语代词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择代词 1．-Which of these two ties will you take? -I don't like these. Do you have any_____? A．one B．other C．ones D．others 【答案】D 【解析】 考查对不定代词的用法。--两个领带你想要哪一个？--都不喜欢，还有其他的吗？ others=other+名词”，泛指“别的人或物，其他的人/物”，故选D。 【名师点睛】不定代词one，ones ， other 和others的区别。 不定代词即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。 1.不定代词one指代可数名词，既可指人，亦可指物，它可以代替上文中出现的单数可数名词，指代复数名词时可以用ones。 例如：I do not have a pen, can you lend me one? I like small cars better than large ones. 2.other具有名词和形容词性质，既可指人，亦可指物。other常与定冠词the连用。other只作形容词或代词，表示“其他的，别的”，不可单独使用。 例如：Do you have any other questions? the other作形容词或代词，特指两者中或两部分的另一个或另一部分。 3.others相当于“other+名词”，泛指“别的人或物”，只有名词性用法。 例如：Some are planting trees, others are watering them. 2．You should make ______ a rule to leave things______ you can find them easily. A．it; where B．it; then C．that; there D．this; when 【答案】A 【解析】 考查代词及状语从句。句中it作形式宾语，真正宾语为to leave things where you can find them easily；where引导地点状语从句，选A。 3．-Which of the ways should I take to the village? - way as you please．All seem to be equal in distance． A．Neither B．None C．Any D．Either 【答案】C 【解析】 考查代词：A．Neither两者都不，B．None三者以上都不，C．Any三者任何一个，D．Either两者任何一个，从后面的all看出路是三条以上，句意是：--你想走哪条路去村子？-你喜欢走哪条就走哪条，距离上都是一样的。选C。
七年级英语人称代词用法总结
七年级英语人称代词用 法总结 Document number：WTWYT-WYWY-BTGTT-YTTYU-2018GT
七年级英语人称代词用法总结 1）人称代词的主格在句子中作主语，用于动词之前,例如： John waited a while but eventually he went???? home. 约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。? ?????? When he arrived, John went straight to???? the bank. 约翰一到就直接去银行了。 2）人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语，???? 用于动词/介词之后,例如： I saw her with them.?? 我看到她和他们在一起，至少我认为是她。（her做宾语? them做介词宾语.） 3）人称代词的宾格有：me（我）、him（他）、her（她）、it（它）、us（我们）、you（你、你们）、them（他们、她们、它们）。? 4）人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语，往往用在动词或介词后面。 例：1. Listen to me , Dad .? ?????? 2. Peter is sitting behind me .? ?????? 3. Let me go there now .? ?????? 4. Give me an orange , please .? 5）you既是"你"或"你们"的主格，又是它们的宾格；her既是"她"的所有格，又是它的宾格。我们可以根据它们在句子中的位置来判断它们属于主格、所有格还是宾格。? 6）and是一个我们常用来连接两个词的连接词。它虽然与介词with有同样的意思，但它的前后可以是人称代词的主语，也可以是人称代词的宾格，而with只能跟人称代词的宾格。? 如：You and I are going to school .?