上海市上海中学高三上学期周练英语试题

上海中学高三周考

II.Grammar and vocabulary

Section A 10%

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to

make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks

with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the

given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each

blank.

There seems never 21 (be) a civilization without toys, but

when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about

just to give children something to do.

In the ancient world, as is today, most boys 22 (play) with some kinds of toys and most girls with others. In

societies 23 social roles are rigidly determined, boys

pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls 24 (prepare),

even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the

adult world.

25 is remarkable about the history of toys is not

so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have

remained the same. The changes have been mostly 26 craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology.

It is the universality (普遍性) of toys with regard to their

development in all parts of the

world and their persistence to the present 27 is amazing.

In Egypt, America,

China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) people, generally the same

kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways

of life 28

toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls,

little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.

Because toys 29 be generally regarded as a kind of art form,

they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the cart

to the automobile is a direct line of ways up. The progress from a

rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to 30 used

by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness

(独创性). Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the

times and subject to the limitations of available materials.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be

used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

An addiction（瘾）is an activity or substance we are eager to experience repeatedly and for

which we are willing if necessary to pay a price. Common addictions involve alcohol cigarettes food drugs gambling etc. This

article discusses the concepts which can be

31 in coping with addictive behavior.

32 minor addictions such as watching too much television or lying in bed on weekend mornings are often not even considered addictions because the price paid for engaging in them is not high. On the other hand we tend to use the term “addict” to describe the person who at least in the eyes of others continues to be addicted in a behavior long after it has become 33

that the substantial price being paid was not worth the benefit.

The individual who has lost career house family and friends because of cocaine (可卡因) use

but is 34 to consider stopping is an unfortunate example.

Negative addictions range from those with very minor negative consequences to those as serious as the cocaine addict just mentioned

with much 35 in between. Although it is not 36 true that a negative addiction grows stronger over time yet a

constant level of addictive behavior . overspending $ 200 a week )

can lead to an increasing level of negative consequences.

You may be 37 to learn that addictions can also be considered positive. Positive addictions are those in which the benefits outweigh the price. A common example would be the habit of regular exercise. The price of membership in a gym the time involved and

any clothing expense is outweighed by the benefits of better health

energy self-confidence and appearance. As with negative addictions

positive addictions may not get stronger over time and there is a

broad 38 of how much benefit is actually obtained.

What is common to both positive and negative addictions is the

urge to engage in the addictive behavior and the satisfaction that

is 39 when the urge is acted upon. The urge is a state

of 40 and expectation that is experienced uncomfortably as a desire for the substance or activity. Because we experience relief when the urge is acted upon there is an increased

likelihood that we will act on the urge again.

III.R eading comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

The importance of liking people is the subject of an article in the Harvard Business.Review，which has carried out an experiment to find out who we'd rather work with. Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our workmates are both: 41 at their job and

delightful human beings. And the people we want least are both unpleasant and useless. More interestingly, the autors found that, given the choice between working with lovable folls and comptent jerks (性情古怪的人), we irresistibly choose the 42 . Anyway, who likes those who 43 or hurt other people? We might insist that competence matters more, but

our 44 shows we stay close to the people we like, sharing information with them.

What companies should 45 do is get people to like each

other more. The trick

here is apparently to make sure that stuffs come across each other as often as possible during day. They also should be sent on bonding courses and so on to encourage friendliness and

46 displeasure.

47 , more outdoor-activity weekends and shared coffee machines inspire no confidence at all. The 48 is that people either like each other or they don’t.You can’t force it. Possibly you can make offices fridendlier by tolerating a lot of chat, but there is a

49 cost to that. In my experience, the question of lovable fool against competent jerk may not be the right one. The two are interrelated: we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely 50 . I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so 51 bad at her job that I lost respect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. Then is there anything that companies should be doing about it?

By far the most effective strategy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that 52 is one of

the main determinants of whether we like each other. I

think this is a pretty good ides, but no one 53 recommend this anymore without

offending the diversity lobby group (游说团体). There is only one acceptable view on this subject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any conclusive proof of it.

Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to

54 more liking, they should encourage a culture where we are all nice to each other. The

55 is that this needs to be done with some skill.

41.A. strange B. brilliant C. surprised D. absent-minded

42.A. former B. latter C. majority D. minority

43.A. hate B. fear C. doubt D. annoy

44.A. thought B. behavior C. expression D.

appearance

45.A. further B. nevertheless C. therefore D. instead

46.A. break down B. talk to C. pick out D. hold out

47.A. besides B. Furthermore C. However D. Hence

48.A. impression B. reality C. practice D. custom

49.A. investment B. production C. operation D.

productivity

50.A. valueless B. disabled C. hopeless D. careless

51.A. outstandingly B. inevitably C. hopefully D.

forgetfully

52.A. appearance B. effectiveness C. distinction D.

similarity

53.A. need B. dare C. must D. should

54.A. create B. discover C. promote D. place

55.A. strategy B. standard C. hope D. trouble

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

A

As a father of four, I’m concerned about how to lead my children to be good young men and women in such a turbulent time. I have studied philosophy, mysticism, and religion my entire life. They provide great lessons in responsibility and growth. However, I also recognize that, at least at this point in their lives, my children are not terribly interested in such subjects. While I was reflecting on this, I was reminded of a line in a song I had heard recently. It goes: “If you had only one chance to say something, what would it be?”

That night, I found my tow oldest kids lounging on the couch watching a TV show that featured violence, cursing and even some “adult scenes”. I quietly sat on a chair next to them. I saw my boy straighten up, and my girl pretended to ignore me. I didn’t make any usual comments about the pointlessness of such programs. I didn’t even roll my eyes, although this took some effort. I simply asked:

Can you tell me how this will make you a batter person?

Without a word, I got up and left the room. About ten minutes later, to my surprise, the children were in their rooms doing their homework and the television was silent. Remarkable. This philosophy can change the way we live our lives. For example, whenever I feel angry and get the urge to lash out, I ask myself: “How does this acting or feeling the way I do right now make me a better person?” I began to realize that rarely did my thoughts or actions result in self-improvement, so I made conscious effort to change my mindset and behavior.

We all want to be better fathers, mothers, sons and daughters. Better workers, better leaders, better lovers...... this list goes on. Sometimes succeeding in these roles can be tough. But one question aligns us with all those duties we possess to society and ourselves: “Is this making me a better person?”

Whatever I said, it worked. My daughter has begun watching nature programs instead of violent TV shows, and she decided to go to school to become a counselor. My son told me he wants to be a police officer. I’ve since thrown away all those parenting magazines and books I’ve collected over the years because I made more progress with a single question than I did with hundreds of pages of “experts” advice.

56.When the writer found his kids watching inappropriate TV programs that night, he appeared .

A .calm B. indifferent C. critical D.

anxious can this philosophy change the way we

live our lives?

A.By calming ourselves down when we are angry

B.By raising a question about our current action and feeling

C.By helping us realize our need for self-improvement

D.By providing us with new mindset and behavior

58.Why did the writer throw away his parenting magazines and

books?

A.Because his kids had grown out of them

B.Because they didn’t offer him any help.

C.Because that single question was more useful

D.Because the expert advice was too

much to follow wrote this passage to

A.convince teenagers of the downsides to watching TV

B.introduce a life philosophy by telling a parenting story

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a714315850.html,rm the readers of how he helped hid kids set good goals

D.call on other other parents to trust themselves instead of

experts.

B

When the people you know run more, you run more. And now

there's data to prove it.

A new study published today in Nature Communications of the daily-recorded exercise patterns of more than one million runners over five years shows that exercise is socially contagious. Your knowledge of what your friends are doing can and will motivate you to do more. The work marks a watershed moment in the use of detailed fitness tracking data to understand health behavior and causal behavior change.

"Knowing the running behaviors of your friends as shared on social networks can cause you to run farther, faster, and longer," said MIT Sloan Professor Sinan Aral, an author of "Exercise contagion in

a global social network."

Aral and colleague Christos Nicolaides, a postdoctoral fellow at MIT Sloan, used a data set that recorded the geographic location, social network ties, and daily running patterns of more than one million people who ran 359 million combined kilometers (223 million miles) and logged those runs digitally in a global social network of

runners over five years. The data contain the daily distance, duration, pace, and calories burned by the runners, recorded by digital fitness tracking devices. The results, said Aral, revealed "strong contagion effects."

"On the same day, on average, an additional kilometer run by friends can inspire someone to run an additional three-tenths of a kilometer and an additional ten minutes run by friends can inspire someone to run three minutes longer," the authors wrote.

Historically, in the context of exercise, a debate exists about whether we make upward comparisons to those performing better than ourselves or downward comparisons to those performing worse than ourselves. Comparisons to those ahead of us may motivate our own self-improvement, while comparisons to those behind us may create "competitive behavior to protect one's superiority." According to Aral, there is evidence for both trajectories in the study, but comparisons to those better than us are more powerful.

Gender matters too. The contagion is most pronounced among men, with men influencing other men to run farther and faster. In this regard, men may be more competitive and, specifically, more competitive with each other. Influence among same sex pairs is strong

while influence among mixed sex pairs is weaker. Both men and women influence men.However, only women influence women who have reported, in earlier studies, being more influenced by self-regulation and individual planning than by their peers.

60.T he word “contagious” in paragraph 2 most probably means

A.infectious

B. communicative

C. motivated

D.

available

61.Jack and Tom both are friends and like running. They post their runs every day on social media. According to the research, if one day Jack ran for an hour and a half and Tom an hour, them how long would Tom most probably run the next day?

minutes minutes

runner tends to get the most powerful influence?

A.A man making upward comparisons to his female friends.

B.A man making upward comparisons to his male friends.

C.A competitive women making comparisons to her peers

D.A self-regulated woman who prefer individual planning

C

The study of psychology is facing a crisis. The Research

Excellence Framework (the Ref) has led to a research culture which is holding back attempts to stabilize psychology in particular, and

science in general. The Ref encourages universities to push for groundbreaking innovative, and exciting research in the form of 4* papers, but it does not reward the efforts of those who replicate studies.

The point of replicating a study is to test whether a statistically significant result will appear again if the experiments is repeated. Of course, a similar result may not appear –casting into questions the validity of the results from the first experiment.

Last year, the Open Science Collaboration attempted to replicate 100 studies from highly ranked psychological journalists. While 97% of the original studies had a statistically significant result, just 36% of the replications had the same outcome. Equally worrying: when an effect did appear, it was often much smaller than previously thought.

Recent data calls into question some widely influential findings in psychological science. These problems are not confined to psychology however –many findings published in scientific literature may actually be false.

Science is supposed to be self-correcting and reproducibility is a

2017 2018上海市上海中学高一上学期周练英语试题

上海中学2017-2018学年第学期高一英语试题 Choice 21.The impact__________ high technology draws worldwide attention. A.on 22.________________,the more expansive gestures you should employ when you deliver a speech. A.The more audience there is B.The more the audience are C.As much audience as there is D.The larger the audience is 23.John is really an independent boy and he tries his best to settle every problem_______. A.of his own his own C,for his own his own 24.The queen,__________ an old woman, made a poisonous apple and came to the cottage to tempt Snow White to eat it. A,dressed in was dressing like like had clothes on as 25.It is reported that __________schools in the west of China are improving their study environment. A.a great many of large number of B..a great amount of large number of you really mean_________a basketball player? Do you know that training to be a basketball player means_____________at least eight hours every day? ,practicing be,practicing be,to practice ,to practice the workload of a _________job alongside a course of study can be difficult, so there is an increasing tendency for people to give up work and go back to school. 28. I couldn't resist having another piece of cake ____________I was supposed to be on a diet and lose weight. if 29. Your children will not follow your advice to ____________business management as his major if you ___________. up,force him to up,force him on,force him to on,force him 30.The students of class 8____________a farewell party for their retired class teacher

2018-2019学年上海中学高三上英语期中英语试卷

II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section B Recently,I flew to Las Vegas to attend a meeting.As we were about to arrive,the pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight delay before setting down.High desert winds had forced the airport to close all but one runway.He said that we would be circling the city for a few minutes waiting to land.We were also told to remain in our seats meanwhile with our seat belts(21)________(fasten) because there might be a few bumps.Well,that few minutes turned into about forty-five minutes, including a ride that would make a roller coaster(22)________(pale)by comparison. The movement was so sudden(23)________several passengers felt sick and had to use airsickness bags.(24)________you might guess,that’s not good thing to happen in a narrow space because it only serves to increase the discomfort of the situation. About twenty minutes into the adventure,the entire airplane became very quiet.There was now a sense of anxiety and fear that could be distinctly noticed.Every passenger simply held on for dear life… (25)________one.A baby was having a good time!With each bump of the aircraft,he(26)________let out a giggle of happiness.As I observed this,I realized that he didn’t know he was supposed to be afraid and worried about his safety.He(27)________thought about the past nor about the future.Those are (28)________we grown-ups have learned from experience.He was enjoying the ride because he (29)________(not teach)to fear it.(30)________(understand)this,I took a deep breath and sat back into my seat,pretending I was really on a roller coaster.I smiled for the rest of the flight.I even managed to giggle once or twice,which is much to the chagrin of the man sitting next to me holding the airsickness bag. C Section People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten.If you lived in the Mediterranean,for instance,you would consider octopus a great__31__.You would not be able to understand why some people find it repulsive.On the other hand,your stomach would__32__ at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat---the__33__accepted practice in many northern countries.The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we__34__to them all our lives. No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail.Cooked in wine, snails are a great luxury in various parts of the world.There are countless people who,ever since their early years,have learned to__35__snails with food.My friend,Robert,lives in a country where snails are despised.As his flat is in a large town,he has no garden of his own.For years he has been asking me to collect snails from my garden and take them to him.The idea never appealed to me very much,but one day,after a heavy__36__,I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my__37__plants.Acting on a sudden impulse,I collected several dozen,put them in a paper bag,and took them to Robert.Robert was delighted to see me and__38__pleased with my little gift.I left the bag in the hall and Robert and I went into the living room where we talked for a couple of hours.I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stay to dinner. 第1页/共8页

上海中学高一周练10(2019.12)

上海中学高一周练数学试卷10 2019.12 一. 填空题 1. 函数2lg(23)y x x =--的定义域为 ，单调递减区间为 2. 函数2413x x y -+-=的单调递增区间为 ，值域为 3. 若函数1()21 x f x a =+ -是奇函数，则a 的值为 4. 若lg lg 2x y +=，则1100x y +的最小值为 5. 若log 2a x =，log 3b x =，log 4c x =，则log abc x 的值为 6. 已知幂函数2()(57)m f x m m x =-+是R 上的增函数，则m 的值为 7. 若关于x 的方程3 23()25x a a +=-有负根，则实数a 的取值范围为 8. 已知偶函数()f x 是以2为周期的周期函数，且当(0,1)x ∈时，()21x f x =-，则 2(log 10)f 的值为 9. 已知13()1 x f x x -=+，函数()y g x =的图像与1(1)y f x -=+的图像关于直线y x =对称， 则(3)g 的值为 10. 已知0x >，定义()f x 表示不小于x 的最小整数，若1(3())(6)31x f x f x f +=+ +，则 正数x 的取值范围为 11. 对于函数1()42x x f x m +=-?，若存在实数0x ，使得00()()f x f x -=-成立，则实数m 的取值范围为 12. 设函数()f x =a ∈R ，e 为自然对数的底数），若曲线221x y +=上存在00(,)x y 使得00(())f f y y =，则a 的取值范围为 二. 选择题 13. 函数|24|()x f x a -=（0a >且1a ≠），满足1(1)9 f =，则()f x 的单调递减区间为（ ） A. (,2]-∞ B. [2,)+∞ C. [2,)-+∞ D. (,2]-∞- 14. 奇函数()y f x =的反函数为函数1()y f x -=，函数1()y f x -=在[0,)+∞上是减函数， 则函数()y f x =-在(,0)-∞上为（ ） A. 增函数 B. 减函数 C. 非单调函数 D. 不能确定

上海市名校数学真题之上海中学高一周练1(2017.3)

上海中学高一周练数学卷 2017.3.2 一. 填空题 1. 若角α的终边过点(12,35)-，则s i n α= ；cos α= ； tan α= ； cot α= ；sec α= ；csc α= ； 2. 已知20tan 21 α=，且α是第三象限角，则sin α= ；cos α= ； cot α= ；sec α= ；csc α= ； 3. 角度制与弧度制互化：大小为105?的角的弧度数是 ；大小为3?的角的弧度数是 ；弧度数为20 π的角，其大小用角度制表示是 ； 4. 在一个半径为2的圆中，两条半径将圆周分成一段劣弧和一段优弧，其中劣弧长为2，则 劣弧所在的扇形与优弧所在的扇形的面积之比为 5. 若sin |cos ||sin |cos αααα=，则α的取值范围是 6. 已知02απ≤<，(cos 4,sin 4)--是角α终边上的一点，则α = 7. 已知集合{|,}3m A m Z παα==∈，集合{|,}4 n B n Z πββ==∈，则A B = 8. 已知sin cos αα-=，(0,)απ∈，则tan α= 9. 在下列四个命题中，正确命题的序号是 ① 若α角与β角的终边关于原点对称，则sin sin 0αβ+=，cos cos 0αβ+=； ② 若α角与β角的终边关于x 轴对称，则sin sin 0αβ+=，cos cos 0αβ+=； ③ 若α角与β角的终边关于y 轴对称，则sin sin 0αβ+=，cos cos 0αβ+=； ④ 若cos cos αβ=且sin sin αβ=，则α角与β角的终边相同； 10. 化简：sin(31)tan(747)cos(684)tan(27)cos(36)sin(329) αααααα??????++-=++- 11. 已知AB 是平面Γ内一条长度为2的线段，集合{|M M ψ=∈Γ且至少存在一个半径 为2的圆，使得M 、A 、B 中的每一点，都是或者在此圆内，或者在此圆周上}，则ψ中 的点形成的平面区域的面积为 二. 选择题 1. 记cos(100)k ?=，那么tan 80?=（ ） A. B. C. D.

上海市七宝中学2016届高三考前模拟英语试题(一) Word版含答案

2016高三英语模拟考试 II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (A) Once just a science fiction idea, VR has now become more accessible than ever. (25) _________ (wear) a pair of VR goggles connected to your computer and you can experience a lot of things without stepping out of the room. From climbing (26) _________ (high) mountain in the world to flying a spacecraft, the things you can experience with VR are limitless. This new 'reality ' is starting to takeover China. The Report on Chinese VR Users' Behavior was released on March 18 during the 12th TFC Global Mobile Game Conference & Intelligent Entertainment Expo held in Beijing. The report is based on a survey of 5,626 people, (27) _________ (age) between 15 and 39, from across the country. It shows that up to 68.5 percent of people have heard of or are interested in VR products. But surprisingly, it isn't new technology that has made VR so popular. 'VR has been (28) _________ for many years, but it will stick this time because there's enough computer power and the price will just keep going down,' Todd Richmond, a VR group member with the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers in the US, told USA Today. VR (29) _________ (expect) to change various different fields. For example, VR could be used to train pilots and miners before they had to actually risk their lives in highly dangerous working environments, or to treat patients with acrophobia(恐高症）by making them think they were standing on top of a high building. 'If you have perfect virtual reality, (30) _________ you'll be able to simulate everything that a human can experience or imagine experiencing,it's hard to imagine where you go from there,' Palmer Luckey, 23 inventor of the Oculus VR goggles, told NPR. But the technology is still far from perfect. Users report experiencing motion sickness, headaches and other discomfort while wearing VR goggles. Also, (31) _________ more and more tools are flooding the market, the software that runs VR games and simulators has yet to catch up with all the new advancements. It could take (32) _________ while for VR to be widely accepted. When every new technology is first introduced, the technology (33) _________ is the driving force. But for it to really blend into people's lives, meeting basic and practical needs should be the main aim. (B) It has become the talk of the town: A stranger allegedly attacked a woman in a Beijing hotel at night on April 3. The man is said to have clutched her by the neck and attempted to drag her into the elevator. Lodgers passed by, but no one tried to intervene until one woman did. Her actions are believed to (34) _________ (save) the victim from whatever was going to happen to her. The incident has pushed the risks of solo traveling into the spotlight. Online forums like Sina Weibo (35) _________ (flood) with advice for how women (36) _________ protect themselves

2019届上海市各高中名校高三英语题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解B篇--老师版(带答案已校对珍藏版)

III. Reading Comprehension Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. B Kettlebells do not hurt people. People do. A kettlebell will get your respect – the easy way or the hard way. Here is the easy way. 1. Get a medical clearance. Get clearance, especially from an orthopedist and a cardiologist. The latter is no joking matter, since kettlebell training can be extremely intense. 2. Always be aware of your surroundings. Find a training area with a non-slippery surface on which you are not afraid to drop a kettlebell. The area must be clear of objects you might trip over – including other kettlebells – or that you might hit with a kettlebell. There should be no people or animals in a radius where you could injure them. 3. Train barefoot or wear shoes with a flat, thin sole and room for the toes to spread. Training barefoot is superior for health and performance reasons. If you must wear shoes, wear Converse Chuck Taylors, Vibram Five Fingers, or similar shoes that have thin soles and do not pinch the toes together. You have sensory receptors on the bottoms of your feet that make you stronger and improve balance and coordination. Wearing traditional shoes diminishes the ability of these receptors to work properly, and therefore inhibits performance and can increase the risk of injury. Go native. 4. Never contest for space with a kettlebell. Do not try to save a rep that has gone wrong. Guide the kettlebell to fall harmlessly, and move out of the way if necessary. And remember, quick feet are happy feet. 5. Practice all safety measures at all times. Respect every kettlebell, even the lightest one. Always use perfect form picking up and setting down a kettlebell. The set is not over until the bell is safely parked.

2018届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题分类汇编--阅读理解B篇(带答案精确校对)

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