英语：牛津译林版八年级下册语法大全

(UNIT1)鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑閲嶇偣鍜岄毦鐐?涓€銆佺幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鐨?瀹屾垚鐢ㄦ硶"鍜?鏈畬鎴愮敤娉?

1.鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑"瀹屾垚鐢ㄦ硶"

鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑"瀹屾垚鐢ㄦ硶"鎸囩殑鏄姩浣滃彂鐢熷湪杩囧幓鏌愪竴鏃跺埢骞跺凡缁撴潫锛屼絾璇ュ姩浣滃鐜板湪浜х敓浜嗗奖鍝嶏紝涓庣幇鍦ㄦ儏鍐靛叿鏈夊洜鏋滃叧绯汇€備緥濡傦細He has turned off the light.浠栧凡鎶婄伅鍏充簡銆?(鍔ㄤ綔缁撴潫浜庤繃鍘伙紝浣嗚鏄庣殑鏄幇鍦ㄧ殑鎯呭喌--鐏幇鍦ㄤ笉浜簡銆?

銆€銆€鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃?瀹屾垚鐢ㄦ硶"鐨勭壒鐐规槸鍔ㄤ綔涓嶅欢缁紝鍥犳锛岃鏃舵€佸彧鑳戒笌琛ㄧず涓嶅畾鐨勮繃鍘绘椂闂寸姸璇?濡傦細already锛寉et锛宐efore锛宺ecently绛?銆侀搴︽椂闂寸姸璇?濡傦細never锛宔ver锛宱nce绛?銆佸寘鎷幇鍦ㄦ椂鍒诲湪鍐呯殑鏃堕棿鐘惰(濡傦細this morning 锛?month 锛弝ear...锛宼oday绛?杩炵敤銆?銆€銆€渚嬪锛?Have you found your pen yet锛熶綘宸叉壘鍒颁綘鐨勯挗绗斾簡鍚楋紵

2.鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑"鏈畬鎴愮敤娉?

銆€銆€鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑"鏈畬鎴愮敤娉?鎸囩殑鏄姩浣滃紑濮嬩簬杩囧幓鏌愪竴鏃跺埢锛屼竴鐩村欢缁埌鐜板湪锛屾垨鍙兘杩樿缁х画涓嬪幓銆?渚嬪锛欻 e has lived here since 1978.鑷粠1978骞翠互鏉ワ紝浠栦竴鐩翠綇鍦ㄨ繖鍎裤€?鍔ㄤ綔璧峰浜?978骞达紝涓€鐩翠綇鍒扮幇鍦紝鍙兘杩樿缁х画浣忎笅鍘汇€?

銆€銆€I have been in the army for more than 5 years.鎴戝湪閮ㄩ槦宸茬粡鍛嗕簡浜斿勾澶氫簡銆?鍔ㄤ綔寮€濮嬩簬5骞村墠锛屼竴鐩村欢缁嚦浠婏紝鏈夊彲鑳借繕瑕佺户缁笅鍘汇€?

銆€銆€姝ょ鐢ㄦ硶鐨勫彞涓父闇€涓€涓〃绀轰竴娈垫椂闂寸殑鐘惰(鐢眘ince 鎴杅or寮曞)锛屾垨琛ㄧず涓庣幇鍦ㄦ椂鍒荤浉杩炵殑鏃堕棿鐘惰(濡傦細up to now 锛宻o far鍒扮洰鍓嶄负姝?绛夈€?銆€銆€渚嬪锛欼 have heard nothing from him up to now.鍒扮洰鍓嶄负姝㈡垜娌℃湁浠栫殑浠讳綍娑堟伅銆?銆€銆€娉ㄦ剰锛?1)鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑鏈畬鎴愮敤娉曞彧閫傜敤浜庡欢缁€у姩璇嶏紝涓嶅彲鐢ㄤ簬缁堟鎬у姩璇嶏紝鍗崇灛闂村畬鎴愭垨寤剁画鏃堕棿寰堢煭鐨勫姩璇嶃€傚锛歝ome锛実o锛宎rrive锛宭eave锛宩oin锛宐ecome锛宒ie绛夈€?銆€銆€(2)鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃跺父瑙佷袱绉嶅彞鍨嬶細

銆€銆€鈶犱富璇紜have / has been锛媐or鐭

銆€銆€鈶t is锛嬩竴娈垫椂闂达紜 since浠庡彞

渚嬪锛欻e has been in the League for three years.鎴朓t is three years since he joined the League. 浠栧叆鍥㈠凡涓夊勾浜嗐€?3銆佸欢缁€у姩璇嶅拰缁堟鎬у姩璇嶇殑姒傚康

鑻辫涓紝鍔ㄨ瘝鎸夊叾鍔ㄤ綔鍙戠敓鐨勬柟寮忋€佸姩浣滃彂鐢熻繃绋嬬殑闀跨煭锛屽彲鍒嗕负寤剁画鎬у姩璇嶅拰缁堟鎬у姩璇嶃€?寤剁画鎬у姩璇嶈〃绀鸿兘澶熷欢缁

殑鍔ㄤ綔锛岃繖绉嶅姩浣滃彲浠ュ欢缁笅鍘绘垨浜х敓鎸佷箙褰卞搷銆傚锛歭earn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 绛夈€?缁堟鎬у姩璇嶄篃绉伴潪寤剁画鎬у姩璇嶃€佺灛闂村姩璇嶆垨鐭殏鎬у姩璇嶏紝琛ㄧず涓嶈兘寤剁画鐨勫姩浣滐紝杩欑鍔ㄤ綔鍙戠敓鍚庣珛鍗崇粨鏉熴€傚open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy绛夈€?4銆佸欢缁€у姩璇嶇殑鐢ㄦ硶鐗瑰緛

銆€銆€1.寤剁画鎬у姩璇嶅彲浠ョ敤浜庣幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂锛屽叾瀹屾垚鏃舵€佸彲涓庤〃绀?娈垫椂闂?鐨勭姸璇繛鐢ㄣ€傝〃绀?娈垫椂闂?鐨勭煭璇湁锛歠or two years,

during the past three years, since last year, how long绛夈€傚锛欼 have learned English since I came here.鑷粠鎴戞潵鍒拌繖鍎垮氨瀛﹁嫳璇簡銆?銆€銆€2.寤剁画鎬у姩璇嶄笉鑳戒笌琛ㄧず鐭殏鏃堕棿鐨?鐐规椂闂?鐘惰杩炵敤銆傚锛欼t raind at eight yesterday morning.(璇? rain涓哄欢缁€у姩璇嶏紝鑰宎t eight琛ㄧず"鐐规椂闂?锛屽墠鍚庢樉鐒剁煕鐩俱€傚鏋滅敤寤剁画鎬у姩璇嶈〃绀轰竴鐬棿鐨勫姩浣滐紝鍙互鍊熷姪come, begin, get绛夌粓姝㈡€у姩璇嶆潵琛ㄧず銆備笂鍙ュ彲鏀逛负锛欼t began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(姝?鍙堝锛?-When did you get to know Jack?銆€-Two years ago.銆€

-Then you've known each other for more than two years.銆€-That's right.

5銆佺粓姝㈡€у姩璇嶇殑鐢ㄦ硶鐗瑰緛

銆€銆€1.缁堟鎬у姩璇嶅彲鐢ㄦ潵琛ㄧず鏌愪竴鍔ㄤ綔瀹屾垚锛屽洜姝ゅ彲鐢ㄤ簬鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃躲€傚锛?The train has arrived.鐏溅鍒颁簡銆?Have you joined the computer group? 浣犲姞鍏ョ數鑴戝皬缁勪簡鍚楋紵

銆€銆€2.缁堟鎬у姩璇嶈〃绀虹殑鍔ㄤ綔鏋佸叾鐭殏锛屼笉鑳芥寔缁€傚洜姝わ紝涓嶅彲涓庤〃绀轰竴娈垫椂闂寸殑鐘惰杩炵敤(鍙檺鑲畾寮?銆傚锛?(1)浠栨浜嗕笁骞翠簡銆? 璇細He has died for three years.

姝ｏ細He has been dead for three years. 姝ｏ細He died three years ago.

姝ｏ細It is three years since he died. 姝ｏ細Three years has passed since he died.

(2)浠栨潵杩欏効浜斿ぉ浜嗐€? 璇細He has come here for five days.

姝ｏ細He has been here for five days. 銆€姝ｏ細He came here five days ago. 姝ｏ細It is five days since he came here. 姝ｏ細Five days has passed since he came here.

銆€銆€(1)銆?2)鍙ヤ腑鐨刣ie銆乧ome涓虹粓姝㈡€у姩璇嶏紝涓嶈兘涓庤〃绀?娈垫椂闂?鐨勭姸璇繛鐢ㄣ€傞偅涔堬紝搴斿浣曟纭〃杈惧憿锛熷彲浠ラ噰鐢ㄤ笅闈㈢殑鍥涚鏂规硶锛?銆€銆€(1)灏嗗彞涓粓姝㈡€у姩璇嶈浆鎹负鐩稿簲鐨勫欢缁€у姩璇嶏紝濡備笂闈袱渚嬩腑鐨勭涓€绉嶆纭〃杈炬柟寮忋€備笅闈㈠垪涓惧嚑渚嬶細leave鈫抌e away, borrow鈫択eep, buy鈫抙ave, begin/start鈫抌e on, die鈫抌e dead, move to鈫抣ive in, finish鈫抌e over, join鈫抌e in/be a member of, open sth.鈫択eep sth. open, fall ill鈫抌e ill, get up鈫抌e up, catch a cold鈫抙ave a cold 銆?銆€銆€(2)灏嗗彞涓〃绀?娈垫椂闂?鐨勭姸璇敼涓鸿〃绀鸿繃鍘荤‘瀹氭椂闂寸殑鐘惰锛屽涓嬮潰涓や緥涓殑绗簩绉嶆纭〃杈炬柟寮忋€?銆€銆€(3)鐢ㄥ彞鍨?It is+娈垫椂闂?since..."琛ㄨ揪鍘熸剰锛屽涓婇潰涓や緥涓殑绗笁绉嶆纭〃杈炬柟寮忋€?銆€銆€(4)鐢ㄥ彞鍨?鏃堕棿+has passed+since..."琛ㄨ揪鍘熸剰锛屽涓婇潰涓や緥涓殑绗洓绉嶆纭〃杈炬柟寮忋€?銆€銆€3.缁堟鎬у姩璇嶅彲鐢ㄤ簬鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃跺惁瀹氬紡涓紝鎴愪负鍙互寤剁画鐨勭姸鎬侊紝鍥犺€屽彲涓庤〃绀轰竴娈垫椂闂寸殑鐘惰杩炵敤銆傚锛氥€€He hasn't left here since 1986.銆€I haven't heard from my father for two weeks.

銆€銆€4.缁堟鎬у姩璇嶇殑鍚﹀畾寮忎笌until/till杩炵敤锛屾瀯鎴?not+缁堟鎬у姩璇?until/till ..."鐨勫彞鍨嬶紝鎰忎负"鐩村埌......鎵?....."銆傚锛歒ou can't leave here until I arrive.鐩村埌鎴戝埌浜嗭紝浣犳墠鑳界寮€杩欓噷銆?I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.

浠婂ぉ鏅氫笂鐩村埌鎴戠敾瀹岀敾锛屾垜鎵嶄笂搴婄潯瑙夈€?銆€銆€5.缁堟鎬у姩璇嶅彲浠ョ敤浜巜hen寮曞鐨勬椂闂寸姸璇粠鍙ヤ腑锛屼絾涓嶅彲浠ョ敤浜巜hile寮曞

鐨勬椂闂寸姸璇粠鍙ヤ腑銆倃hen琛ㄧず鐨勬椂闂存槸"鐐规椂闂?(浠庡彞璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐢ㄧ粓姝㈡€у姩璇?锛屼篃鍙互鏄?娈垫椂闂?(浠庡彞璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐢ㄥ欢缁€у姩璇?銆傝€寃hile琛ㄧず鐨勬槸涓€涓緝闀跨殑鏃堕棿鎴栬繃绋嬶紝浠庡彞璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐢ㄥ欢缁€у姩璇嶃€傚锛歐hen we reached London, it was twelve o'clock. (reach 涓虹粓姝㈡€у姩璇?

銆€銆€Please look after my daughter while/when we are away. (be away涓哄欢缁

€у姩璇嶇煭璇?

銆€銆€6.缁堟鎬у姩璇嶅畬鎴愭椂涓嶅彲涓巋ow long杩炵敤(鍙檺浜庤偗瀹氬紡)銆傚锛?璇細How long have you come here? 姝ｏ細How long have you been here? 姝ｏ細When did you come here?

浜屻€佺幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂涓庝竴鑸繃鍘绘椂鐨勫尯鍒?1. 涓€鑸繃鍘绘椂琛ㄧず杩囧幓鏌愪釜鏃堕棿鍙戠敓鐨勪簨銆佸瓨鍦ㄧ殑鐘舵€佹垨缁忓父鍙戠敓鐨勫姩浣溿€傝璇濈殑渚ч噸鐐瑰彧鍦ㄤ簬闄堣堪涓€浠惰繃鍘荤殑浜嬫儏锛屼笉寮鸿皟瀵?鐜板湪"浜х敓鐨勫奖鍝嶃€傚锛?銆€銆€He visited Guilin in 1998.浠?998骞村弬瑙傝繃妗傛灄銆?鍙

鏄庡幓妗傛灄鐨勬椂闂?

銆€銆€2. 鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃惰〃绀哄姩浣滃彂鐢熷湪杩囧幓锛屽鐜板湪閫犳垚浜嗗奖鍝嶆垨浜х敓浜嗙粨鏋溿€備笉涓庣‘瀹氱殑杩囧幓鏃堕棿鐘惰杩炵敤銆傚锛?銆€銆€Jill has bought a new computer.鍚夊皵涔颁簡涓€鍙版柊鐢佃剳銆?鐫€閲嶇偣鏄幇鍦ㄦ湁浜嗕竴鍙版柊鐢佃剳)

銆€銆€3. 涓ょ鏃舵€佺殑鍖哄垎

銆€銆€(1)涓€鑸繃鍘绘椂鐨勮皳璇姩璇嶇敤杩囧幓寮忥紝鑰岀幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鐨勮皳璇熀鏈瀯鎴愭槸"鍔╁姩璇峢ave /has +杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝"銆傚锛歍he film started at 7 o'clock. He has been a teacher for many years.

銆€銆€(2)涓€鑸繃鍘绘椂閫氬父涓庤〃绀鸿繃鍘荤殑鏃堕棿鐘惰杩炵敤銆傚锛歽esterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002绛夛紱鑰岀幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鍒欏父涓巎ust, already, ever, never绛夊壇璇嶅拰these days, this week, since..., for...绛夎〃绀轰竴娈垫椂闂寸殑鐘惰杩炵敤銆?鐪嬬湅浠ヤ笅鐨勫嚑缁勫彞瀛愶紝鏈変粈涔堝尯鍒紵鈶?Have you seen the film?(A) Did you see the film?(B)

銆€銆€[璇存槑] 浣犵湅杩囪繖閮ㄧ數褰卞悧锛?A)鍙ュ己璋冪殑鏄闂€呭鍓ф儏鏄惁浜嗚В锛?B)鍙ュ己璋冪殑鏄湅杩欓儴鐢靛奖鐨勫姩浣滄槸鍚﹀彂鐢熻繃锛屽苟涓嶅己璋冩槸鍚︾煡閬撳叾鍐呭銆?銆€鈶?How has he done it?(A) 銆€How did he do it?(B)

[璇存槑]浠栨槸鎬庝箞鍋氱殑杩欎欢浜嬶紵(A)鍙ュ己璋冪殑鏄粬鍋氳繖浠朵簨鐨勬柟寮忓鐜板湪浜х敓浜嗘煇绉嶅奖鍝嶏紱

(B)鍙ュ崟绾殑璇㈤棶鍋氳繖浠朵簨鐨勬柟寮忋€?鈶?He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.(A) 銆€He lived in Beijing for 8 years.(B)

[璇存槑]浠栧湪鍖椾含浣忎簡8骞淬€?A)鍙ヨ鐨勬槸鍒扮洰鍓嶄负姝粬鍦ㄥ寳浜綇浜?骞达紝鍙兘杩樹細缁х画鍦ㄥ寳浜綇涓嬪幓銆?B)鍙ヨ鐨勬槸浠栧湪鍖椾含浣忚繃8骞达紝鐜板湪涓嶅湪鍖椾含浜嗐€?涓夈€佺幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鑰冪偣渚嬫瀽

鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃舵槸杈冮毦鎺屾彙銆佷腑鑰冭€冩煡杈冨鐨勬椂鎬併€傛秹鍙婄殑鑰冪偣鏈夛細

涓€銆佽€冩煡鍏舵瀯鎴?"鍔╁姩璇峢ave (has) +鍔ㄨ瘝杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝"鏋勬垚鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃躲€傚锛?1. Kate's never seen Chinese films锛宊___ ? A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she

鏋愶細闄堣堪鍙ラ儴鍒嗗惈鍚﹀畾璇峮ever,绠€鐣ラ棶鍙ラ儴鍒嗚鐢ㄨ偗瀹氬紡锛屽張鍥燢ate's鏄疜ate has鐨勭缉鍐欙紝鏁呴€塀銆?2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (鏀逛负鍚﹀畾鍙?

His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______.

鏋愶細already甯哥敤鍦ㄨ偗瀹氬彞涓紝yet甯哥敤鍦ㄥ惁瀹氬彞銆佺枒闂彞涓紝鏁呭～hasn't, yet銆?3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have

鏋愶細"so+鍔?绯?鎯呮€佸姩璇?涓昏"缁撴瀯涓殑鍔ㄨ瘝褰㈠紡搴斾笌鍓嶅彞缁撴瀯涓姩璇嶅舰寮忎繚鎸佷竴鑷达紝鍙堝悗鍙ョ殑涓昏涓篽er parents鏄鏁?鏁呴€塂銆?浜屻€佽€冩煡鍏剁敤娉曚笌鏍囧織璇?(涓€)褰撳彞涓湁never, ever, just, already, yet, before绛夋椂锛屽父鐢ㄧ幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂銆傚锛?1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? 銆€-______you______ your homework yet?

A. Do; finish

B. Are; finishing

C. Did; finish

D. Have; finished

2. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______

A. Did; surf; surfed

B. Have; surfed; surfed

C. Did; surf; have surfed

D. Have; surfed; have surfed

鏋愶細鎹畒et鍜宐efore鍙煡,搴旂敤鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃讹紝鏁?棰橀€塂锛?棰橀€塂銆?(浜?褰撳彞涓湁"for +娈垫椂闂?鎴?since +鐐规椂闂?绛夋椂锛屼富鍙ュ父鐢ㄧ幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂锛岃皳璇姩璇嶅繀椤绘槸寤剁画鎬у姩璇嶏紝鑻ユ槸闈炲欢缁€у姩璇嶏紝瑕佹敼涓哄欢缁€у姩璇嶆垨琛ㄧ姸鎬佺殑璇?鐭)銆傚锛?1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan.

銆€A. after B. before C. since D. for

鏋愶細涓诲彞鐢ㄧ殑鏄幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂锛岃€屼粠鍙ョ敤鐨勬槸涓€鑸繃鍘绘椂锛屾晠閫塁銆?2. Tom______the CD player for two weeks.

銆€A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had

鏋愶細A銆丅銆丆鍧囦负闈炲欢缁€у姩璇嶏紝鍦ㄨ偗瀹氬彞涓笉涓庤〃"娈垫椂闂?鐨勭煭璇繛鐢紝鏁呴€塂銆?3. I______a letter from him since he left.

銆€A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard

鏋愶細鎹畇ince鍙煡锛屽簲鎺掗櫎A銆丆锛?hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."鎰忎负"鏀跺埌鏌愪汉鐨勬潵淇?锛屾晠閫塀銆?涓夈€佽€冩煡have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)鐨勫尯鍒€傚锛?1. -Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?銆€-Yes, I have.

銆€A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to

鏋愶細鎹彞涓殑have锛屾帓闄锛孊椤规剰涓?鍘绘煇鍦颁簡"锛孋椤规剰涓?涓€鐩村憜鍦ㄦ煇鍦?锛孌椤规剰涓?鍘昏繃鏌愬湴"锛岀鍚堥鎰忥紝鏁呴€塂銆?2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years.

銆€A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been

鏋愶細鏈鍙ヤ腑鏈?for+娈垫椂闂?缁撴瀯锛屾嵁姝ゅ彲鎺掗櫎C锛孊椤规剰涓?鍘昏繃鏌愬湴"锛屼笉鍚堥鎰忥紝D椤圭己浠嬭瘝锛屾晠閫堿銆?鍥涖€佽€冩煡鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃朵笌鍏朵粬鏃舵€佺殑鑱旂郴鍜屽尯鍒€傚锛?1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(鏀规垚姝ｇ‘鐨勫彞瀛?

鏋愶細闈炲欢缁€у姩璇嶄笌"娈垫椂闂?杩炵敤鏃讹紝闄や簡鎶婇潪寤剁画鎬у姩璇嶆敼鎴愬欢缁€у姩璇嶅锛岃繕鍙妸鍔ㄨ瘝鏀逛负涓€鑸繃鍘绘椂鎴栧€熷姪鍙ュ瀷"It's +娈垫椂闂?since+浠庡彞"杩涜鍙ュ瓙杞崲銆傛晠绛旀涓猴細Sun's aunt has

been there for ten years. /Sun's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went there.

2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(鏀逛负鍚屼箟鍙?

銆€________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city.

鏋愶細鎹笂棰樺垎鏋愶紝涓攕ince寮曞鐨勪粠鍙ヨ鐢ㄤ竴鑸繃鍘绘椂锛屾晠濉獻t is, since, came銆?3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket.

銆€A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming

鏋愶細鍥犳垜涓簡绁ㄧ殑鍔ㄤ綔鍙戠敓鍦ㄨ繃鍘伙紝鑰屼笖瀵圭幇鍦ㄩ€犳垚浜嗘垜涓嶈兘鍙傚姞闊充箰浼氱殑缁撴灉锛岀鍚堢幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鎵€琛ㄧず鐨勫惈鎰忥紝鏁呴€塁銆?(UNIT2)杩囧幓杩涜鏃?锛堟敞鎰弚hen while as寮曞鐨勬椂闂寸姸璇粠鍙ャ€傦級

(UNIT3)琚姩璇€佸涔?涓夋鏇?

琚姩璇€佹槸鍔ㄨ瘝璇€佺殑涓€绉嶅舰寮?琛ㄧず涓昏鏄姩浣滅殑鎵垮彈鑰呫€傚湪鍘嗗勾鐨勪腑鑰冮涓?閮芥湁涓€瀹氭暟閲忕殑鑰冩煡琚姩璇€佺殑棰樼洰銆傚洜姝?鏈夊繀瑕佸琚姩璇€佽繘琛岀郴缁熷涔犮€?绗竴鏇?鎺屾彙琚姩璇

€佺殑缁撴瀯

銆€銆€琚姩璇€佺敱"鍔╁姩璇?鍙婄墿鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勮繃鍘诲垎璇?鏋勬垚銆備笉鍚屾椂鎬佺殑琚姩璇€佺殑宸紓涓昏浣撶幇鍦ㄥ姪鍔ㄨ瘝be鐨勫彉鍖栦笂,鍚屾椂鍔╁姩璇峛e杩樿鍦ㄤ汉绉板拰鏁颁笂涓庝富璇繚鎸佷竴鑷淬€傜幇灏嗗垵涓樁娈靛父瑙佺殑鍑犵鏃舵€佺殑琚姩璇€佹€荤粨濡備笅:

1.涓€鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鐨勮鍔ㄨ鎬?am/is/are+done(鎸囧強鐗╁姩璇嶇殑杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝,涓嬪悓)濡?

English is used all over the world.

2.涓€鑸繃鍘绘椂鐨勮鍔ㄨ鎬?was/were+done濡? The picture was painted two years ago.

3.鐜板湪杩涜鏃剁殑琚姩璇€?am/is/are+being+done濡? The flowers are being watered by them now.

4.鐜板湪瀹屾垚鏃剁殑琚姩璇€?have(has)+been+done濡?The room has been cleaned.

5.涓€鑸皢鏉ユ椂鐨勮鍔ㄨ鎬?will/be going to+be+done濡?銆€The work will be finished tomorrow.

6.鍚湁鎯呮€佸姩璇嶇殑琚姩璇€?鎯呮€佸姩璇?be+done濡?Your homework must be handed in today.銆€鍏跺畠鍑犵鐗规畩鍙ュ瀷锛?It is said that ........ It is well known that ....... It is reported that........

have sth done

绗簩鏇?鎺屾彙涓诲姩璇€佸彉琚姩璇€佺殑鏂规硶

銆€銆€鎶婁富鍔ㄨ鎬佸彉涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬佹椂,搴旇蛋濂戒互涓嬩笁姝?1)涓诲姩璇€佺殑瀹捐鍙樹负琚姩璇€佺殑涓昏; 2)涓诲姩璇€佺殑璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝鐢变富鍔ㄨ鎬佸舰寮忓彉涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬佸舰寮? 3)涓诲姩缁撴瀯鐨勪富璇彉涓轰粙璇峛y鐨勫璇?缁勬垚浠嬭瘝鐭,鏀惧湪琚姩缁撴瀯鐨勮皳璇姩璇嶄箣鍚庛€傚湪鏃犻』璇存槑鍔ㄤ綔鐨勬墽琛岃€呮垨鍙己璋冨姩浣滅殑鎵垮彈鑰呮椂,by鐭鍙互鐪佺暐銆傝

鐪嬬ず鑼?

涓诲姩璇€?My brother repaired that bike yesterday.

銆€銆€涓昏璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝銆€瀹捐鍏朵綑閮ㄥ垎

琚姩璇€?That bike was repaired (by my brother) yesterday.

銆€銆€銆€涓昏璋撹鍔ㄨ瘝 by+瀹捐鍏朵綑閮ㄥ垎

瀵逛簬涓诲姩璇€佸彉涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬佹柟娉曠殑鑰冩煡,涓昏鍦ㄥ彞鍨嬭浆鎹㈤鐩腑鍑虹幇銆傚彧瑕佽兘澶熸寜鐓т笂闈粙缁嶇殑鏂规硶鍘诲仛,涓€鑸槸鑳藉鍋氬鐨勩€?绗笁鏇?娉ㄦ剰涓诲姩璇€佸彉涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬佺殑鍑犵鐗规畩鍙ュ瀷

1.鍚湁鐭鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勮鍔ㄨ鎬?銆€銆€涓€鑸潵璇?鍙湁鍙婄墿鍔ㄨ瘝鎵嶆湁琚姩璇€併€傚彟澶?璁稿涓嶅強鐗╁姩璇嶅姞涓婁粙璇嶆垨鍓瘝鏋勬垚鐨勭煭璇姩璇?鐩稿綋浜庡強鐗╁姩璇?鍚庨潰涔熷彲鍔犲璇€傚湪鍙樿鍔ㄨ鎬佹椂,娉ㄦ剰涓嶅彲涓㈡帀鍚庨潰鐨勪粙璇嶆垨鍓瘝,甯歌鐨勮繖绫荤煭璇姩璇嶆湁:take care of, look after, take off, look at, send for, look up绛夈€傚:

銆€銆€The old people should be taken good care of.

2.鍚湁鍙屽璇殑鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勮鍔ㄨ鎬?銆€銆€鍚湁鍙屽璇殑涓诲姩鍙ユ敼涓鸿鍔ㄥ彞鏃?搴斿皢鍏朵腑涓€涓璇敼涓鸿鍔ㄧ粨鏋勭殑涓昏,鍙︿竴涓

璇粛淇濈暀鍦ㄥ師澶勩€備竴绉嶆儏鍐垫槸鎶婇棿鎺ュ璇?鎸囦汉)鍙樹负涓昏,鐩存帴瀹捐(鎸囩墿)涓嶅彉銆傚彟涓€绉嶆儏鍐垫槸鎶婄洿鎺ュ璇?鎸囩墿)鍙樹负涓昏,闂存帴瀹捐(鎸囦汉)涓嶅彉,杩欐椂,闂存帴瀹捐鍓嶉€氬父鍔犱粙璇峵o,鏈夋椂鍔爁or銆傚:

銆€銆€My father gave me a new book on my birthday.鈫?銆€銆€I was given a new book (by my father) on my birthday. (闂存帴瀹捐浣滀簡涓昏)

銆€銆€A new book was given to me (by my father) on my birthday. (鐩存帴瀹捐浣滀簡涓昏)

3.甯︽湁澶嶅悎瀹捐鐨勫姩璇嶇殑琚姩璇€?銆€銆€甯︽湁澶嶅悎瀹捐(瀹捐鍜屽璇ˉ瓒宠)鐨勪富鍔ㄨ鎬佸彉涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬佹椂,鍙妸瀹捐鍙樹负琚姩璇€佺殑涓昏,鍘熸潵鐨勫璇ˉ瓒宠涓嶅姩銆傚悓鏃?濡傛灉瀹捐琛ヨ冻璇槸鐪佺暐to鐨勫姩璇嶄笉瀹氬紡,鍙樹负琚姩璇€佹椂,蹇呴』鍔犱笂涓嶅畾寮忕鍙穞o,杩欑被鍔ㄨ瘝鏈塵ake, let, see, hear, watch绛夈€傚:

銆€銆€We find English very useful.鈫?English is found very useful.

銆€銆€銆€銆€銆€瀹捐銆€銆€瀹捐ˉ

銆€銆€I often hear him sing in his room.鈫?He is often heard to sing in his room. 銆€銆€瀹捐瀹捐ˉ

銆€4.鏈夌殑鍔ㄨ瘝鐨勪富鍔ㄥ舰寮忓彲浠ヨ〃绀鸿鍔ㄦ剰涔?杩欑被鍔ㄨ瘝鏈? wash, sell, smell, taste, sound, feel绛夈€傚:

銆€銆€The books sell well. The food tastes good.

浠ヤ笂鍥涚鎯呭喌鍦ㄤ腑鑰冮鐩腑缁忓父鍑虹幇,鍚屽浠湪纰板埌绫讳技棰樼洰鏃?搴旈鍏堝垎鏋愬睘浜庡摢绉嶆儏鍐?鐒跺悗鍐嶆牴鎹帉鎻＄殑鐭ヨ瘑鏉ュ仛棰樸€?浜屻€佽鍔ㄨ鎬佽€冪偣褰掔撼

1. 涓诲姩璇€佹敼涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬佹椂锛岃鍔ㄨ鎬佸簲鍜屼富鍔ㄨ鎬佺殑鏃舵€佷繚鎸佷竴鑷淬€傚锛?We speak English . 锛堟敼涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬侊級 English ________ _______ by us.

锛诲垎鏋愶冀姝ゅ彞涓诲姩璇€佷负涓€鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鎬侊紝琚姩璇€佷篃搴旂敤涓€鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鎬侊紝鍥犳锛岀瓟妗堝簲鏄痠s spoken銆?2. 娉ㄦ剰琚姩璇€佺殑璋撹缁撴瀯銆?涓€鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鏄細am / is / are + p.p 锛涗竴鑸繃鍘绘椂鏄細was / were + p.p 锛涚幇鍦ㄥ畬鎴愭椂鏄細have / has / been + p.p锛涚幇鍦ㄨ繘琛屾椂鏄細am / is / are / + being + p.p锛涘惈鏈夋儏鎬佸姩璇嶇殑鏄細鎯呮€佸姩璇嶏紜be + p.p銆?鏈夎瘲鏇帮細琚姩璇€侀』娉ㄦ剰锛岃皳璇笉绂?be""p.p"銆備富璋

撲竴鑷村埆蹇樿锛?杩涜"鏄撲涪涓€涓?be"銆?锛堟敞锛歱.p杩囧幓鍒嗚瘝锛夈€傚锛?We must take good care of our eyes. 锛堟敼涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬侊級 Our eyes must ____ _______ good care of.

锛诲垎鏋愶冀姝ゅ彞涓惈鏈夋儏鎬佸姩璇峬ust锛岄偅涔堬紝鎴戜滑鏍规嵁"鎯呮€佸姩璇嶏紜be+p.p."鐨勫叕寮忓彲鐭ワ紝绛旀搴旀槸be taken銆?3. 娉ㄦ剰鍙ヤ腑涓昏皳璇殑涓€鑷村叧绯汇€傚锛?Tea ______ 锛坓row锛塱n southeast of China and India. 锛诲垎鏋愶冀姝ゅ彞涓富璇璽ea鏄笉鍙暟鍚嶈瘝锛屼綔涓昏鏃惰皳璇姩璇嶅簲鐢ㄥ崟鏁板舰寮忋€傝€屾鍙ヨ鏄庣殑鍙堟槸涓€鑷劧鐜拌薄锛屽洜姝ゅ氨搴旂敤涓€鑸幇鍦ㄦ椂鎬併€傛墍浠ワ紝绛旀搴旀槸is grown銆?4. 娉ㄦ剰澶嶅悎瀹捐鐨勫彉鍖栥€傚锛?They couldn"t make the cow go. 锛堟敼涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬侊級

锛诲垎鏋愶冀the cow go 鍦ㄥ彞涓綔make鐨勫鍚堝璇€備竴鑸儏鍐典笅锛屽彉涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬佸悗锛屽璇ˉ瓒宠鐨勭粨鏋勫舰寮忋€佹墍澶勪綅缃師灏佷笉鍔ㄥ湴淇濆瓨涓嬫潵锛屼絾make / have / let / see / watch / hear 绛夊悗鍘熷彲鐪佺殑to 瑕佽繕鍘熷洖鏉ャ€傛樉鐒讹紝姝ゅ彞涓紝the cow go 涓渷鍘荤殑to搴旇繕鍘熷洖鏉ワ紝鍥犳绛旀搴旀槸The cow couldn"t be made to go.

5. 娉ㄦ剰鍙屽璇殑鍙樺寲銆傚锛?Mr Smith showed the students two pictures yesterday . 锛堟敼涓鸿鍔ㄨ鎬侊級

Two pictures _____ ______ _____ the students by Mr Smith.

锛诲垎鏋愶冀鍙樹负琚姩璇€佹椂锛屽弻瀹捐涓殑浠讳綍涓€涓殕鍙彉涓轰富璇紝涓€鑸彉鐩存帴瀹捐锛屼絾闂存帴瀹捐鍓嶅繀椤诲姞涓婁粙璇峵o鎴杅or銆傛鍙ヤ腑鏄剧劧鏄妸鐩存帴瀹捐鍙樹负琚姩璇€佺殑涓昏锛岄偅涔堬紝闂存帴瀹捐鍓嶉』鍔犱笂浠嬭瘝to锛屾墍浠ョ瓟妗堝簲鏄痺ere shown to銆?6. 娉ㄦ剰鐭鍔ㄨ瘝涓殑"灏忚瘝"銆傚锛?The old men and the children ____ in our country.

A. must take good care

B. must be taken good care

C. must be taken good care of

D. must take good care of

锛诲垎鏋愶冀鐭鍔ㄨ瘝鏄竴涓笉鍙垎鍓茬殑鏁翠綋锛屽簲褰撳仛涓€涓瘝鏉ョ湅寰咃紝鍙樻垚琚姩璇€佸悗锛?灏忚瘝"涓嶈兘涓㈠純銆傚洜姝わ紝姝ら绛旀搴旀槸C銆?(UNIT5)鐩存帴寮曡鍙橀棿鎺ュ紩璇?涓€銆佸彞寮忕殑鍙樺寲

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She said (that) their train would arrive in five minutes.

He said,"I'm very busy." He said (that) he was very busy.

2. 涓€鑸枒闂彞鍙樻垚if/whether寮曞鐨勫璇粠鍙ャ€?He said,"Can you swim,John?" He asked John if he could swim.

The teacher said,"Have you all understood me?" The teacher asked if we had all understood him.

If/whether鐨勭敤娉曚富瑕佸尯鍒偣:

a. whether鍙笌or (not)杩炵敤I don't know whether he will come or not.

b.涓庝粙璇嶈繛鐢細We are talking about whether he will win.

c.涓庝笉瀹氬紡杩炵敤锛欼 can't decide whether to go with you.

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George asked Mike when he would get back from Shanghai

He said,"Where are you going?" He asked where I was going.

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