2017上外考研MTI英语翻译基础真题

2017上外考研MTI英语翻译基础真题

转载https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a77384640.html,/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=218773

(出处:千研万语-上海外国语大学研究生部官方论坛)

直接是翻译，无热词

考试时间：2016.12.258:30--11:30

1.英译汉

该部分选取的是卢梭的《爱弥儿》（Emile,or On Education）部分文章，主要选自《爱弥儿》第三卷第一节。全文1000多字，共11段，但题目只要求翻译划线部分，总计翻译872字，共6段。完整原文如下：

The whole course of man's life up to adolescence is a period of weakness;yet there comes a time during these early years when the child's strength overtakes the demands upon it, when the growing creature,though absolutely weak,is relatively strong.His needs are not fully developed and his present strength is more than enough for them.He would be a very feeble man,but he is a strong child.

What is the cause of man's weakness?It is to be found in the disproportion between his strength and his desires.It is our passions that make us weak,for our natural strength is not enough for their satisfaction.To limit our desires comes to the same thing,therefore, as to increase our strength.When we can do more than we want,we have strength enough and to spare,we are really strong.This is the third stage of childhood,the stage with which I am about to deal.I still speak of childhood for want of a better word;for our scholar is approaching adolescence,though he has not yet reached the age of puberty. About twelve or thirteen the child's strength increases far more rapidly than his needs.The strongest and fiercest of the passions is still unknown,his physical development is still imperfect and seems to await the call of the will.He is scarcely aware of extremes of heat and cold and braves them with impunity.He needs no coat,his blood is warm;no spices, hunger is his sauce,no food comes amiss at this age;if he is sleepy he stretches himself on the ground and goes to sleep;he finds all he needs within his reach;he is not tormented by any imaginary wants;he cares nothing what others think;his desires are not beyond his grasp;not only is he self-sufficing,but for the first and last time in his life he has more strength than he needs.

I know beforehand what you will say.You will not assert that the child has more needs than I attribute to him,but you will deny his strength.You forget that I am speaking of my own pupil,not of those puppets who walk with difficulty from one room to another,who toil indoors and carry bundles of paper.Manly strength,you say,appears only with manhood; the vital spirits,distilled in their proper vessels and spreading through the whole body,can alone make the muscles firm,sensitive,tense,and springy,can alone cause real strength. This is the philosophy of the study;I appeal to that of experience.In the country districts,

I see big lads hoeing,digging,guiding the plough,filling the wine-cask,driving the cart, like their fathers;you would take them for grown men if their voices did not betray them. Even in our towns,iron-workers',tool makers',and blacksmiths'lads are almost as strong as their masters and would be scarcely less skilful had their training begun earlier.If there is a difference,and I do not deny that there is,it is,I repeat,much less than the difference between the stormy passions of the man and the few wants of the child.Moreover,it is not merely a question of bodily strength,but more especially of strength of mind,which reinforces and directs the bodily strength.

This interval in which the strength of the individual is in excess of his wants is,as I have said,relatively though not absolutely the time of greatest strength.It is the most precious time in his life;it comes but once;it is very short,all too short,as you will see when you consider the importance of using it aright.

He has,therefore,a surplus of strength and capacity which he will never have again.What use shall he make of it?He will strive to use it in tasks which will help at need.He will,so to speak,cast his present surplus into the storehouse of the future;the vigorous child will make provision for the feeble man;but he will not store his goods where thieves may break in,nor in barns which are not his own.To store them aright,they must be in the hands and the head,they must be stored within himself.This is the time for work,instruction,and inquiry.And note that this is no arbitrary choice of mine,it is the way of nature herself.

Human intelligence is finite,and not only can no man know everything,he cannot even acquire all the scanty knowledge of others.Since the contrary of every false proposition is a truth,there are as many truths as falsehoods.We must,therefore,choose what to teach as well as when to teach it.Some of the information within our reach is false,some is useless,some merely serves to puff up its possessor.The small store which really contributes to our welfare alone deserves the study of a wise man,and therefore of a child whom one would have wise.He must know not merely what is,but what is useful.

From this small stock we must also deduct those truths which require a full grown mind for their understanding,those which suppose a knowledge of man's relations to his fellow-men--a knowledge which no child can acquire;these things,although in themselves true,lead an inexperienced mind into mistakes with regard to other matters.

We are now confined to a circle,small indeed compared with the whole of human thought, but this circle is still a vast sphere when measured by the child's mind.Dark places of the human understanding,what rash hand shall dare to raise your veil?What pitfalls does our so-called science prepare for the miserable child.Would you guide him along this dangerous path and draw the veil from the face of nature?Stay your hand.First make sure that neither he nor you will become dizzy.Beware of the specious charms of error and the intoxicating fumes of pride.Keep this truth ever before you--Ignorance never did any one any harm,error alone is fatal,and we do not lose our way through ignorance but through self-confidence.

His progress in geometry may serve as a test and a true measure of the growth of his intelligence,but as soon as he can distinguish between what is useful and what is useless, much skill and discretion are required to lead him towards theoretical studies.For example, would you have him find a mean proportional between two lines,contrive that he should require to find a square equal to a given rectangle;if two mean proportionals are required, you must first contrive to interest him in the doubling of the cube.See how we are gradually approaching the moral ideas which distinguish between good and evil.Hitherto we have known no law but necessity,now we are considering what is useful;we shall soon come to what is fitting and right.

Man's diverse powers are stirred by the same instinct.The bodily activity,which seeks an outlet for its energies,is succeeded by the mental activity which seeks for knowledge. Children are first restless,then curious;and this curiosity,rightly directed,is the means of development for the age with which we are dealing.Always distinguish between natural and acquired tendencies.There is a zeal for learning which has no other foundation than a wish to appear learned,and there is another which springs from man's natural curiosity about all things far or near which may affect himself.The innate desire for comfort and the impossibility of its complete satisfaction impel him to the endless search for fresh means of contributing to its satisfaction.This is the first principle of curiosity;a principle natural to the human heart,though its growth is proportional to the development of our feeling and knowledge.If a man of science were left on a desert island with his books and instruments and knowing that he must spend the rest of his life there,he would scarcely trouble himself about the solar system,the laws of attraction,or the differential calculus.He might never even open a book again;but he would never rest till he had explored the furthest corner of his island,however large it might be.Let us therefore omit from our early studies such knowledge as has no natural attraction for us,and confine ourselves to such things as instinct impels us to study.

2.汉译英

今年汉译英话题涉及“中国学”，中国文化，据考研的小伙伴反馈是一篇演讲稿，原文大约400-500字，网上暂无原文。但上外官网上有一篇类似主题的介绍，仅供参考：

五洲学者齐聚上外，群儒论道共话中国

上外首届“中国学的国际对话：方法与体系”国际研讨会召开

原文链接：

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a77384640.html,/Article...6-a9eb-4ff61ebb3c83

2016年11月5日，上海外国语大学首届“中国学的国际对话：方法与体系”国际研讨会在虹口校区高翻学院同传室拉开帷幕，本次学术研讨会由上外主办，中国学研究所协同国际关系与公共事务学院、高级翻译学院联合承办，欧盟研究中心、俄罗斯研究中心、英国研究中心、中日韩合作研究中心以及马克思主义学院共同参与。上外党办、校办、宣传部等部门对本次会议给予了大力支持。

本次研讨会是中国学研究所成立以来，在学科体系日臻完善、教学有条不紊推进的同时，于科研领域的初次探索，旨在辩明中国学的方法与体系，探讨中国的发展规律和特点以及中国

在世界上的地位与作用，从而为“中国的中国学”发展贡献思维火花。根据校领导的指示，中国学研究所协同校内多研究中心邀请到来自5大洲10个国家21所学校的近50位学者参会，共同讨论“中国学的概念与方法”、“中国学的体系与学科”、“传统汉学与当代中国学的比较”以及“中国学发展趋势展望”四大议题。会议吸引到来自中国学、马克思主义等专业的40余位硕博士生参与。

开幕式由中国学研究所所长武心波教授主持，上海社会科学院副院长谢京辉教授、上外副校长冯庆华教授致开幕辞。冯校长指出伴随中国学学科影响力的不断扩大，上外正结合自身优势打造独具特色的中国学；在未来，上外将不断加大对中国学的支持力度，使得中国学研究更加成熟。谢院长表示上海外国语大学是国家级学术交流平台——世界中国学论坛——在中国学领域内紧密合作的兄弟单位，上海社科院与上外“在举办论坛到研究生培养方面的合作空间将不断扩大。”

开幕式第二项，冯庆华副校长为埃及艾因夏姆斯大学穆赫森·法尔贾尼教授、西交利物浦大学大卫·古德曼教授等7位学者颁发“上海外国语大学中国学研究所海外学术顾问”聘书。藉此加强上外与国外一流中国学研究机构、资深中国学学者的联系，促成本土中国学与海外中国学的密切互动。

开幕式第三项，上海国际问题研究院学术委员会主任、研究员，上海市人民政府参事杨洁勉教授发表了题为“Systemic Designing and Methodological Exploring:My Understanding of China Study in China”的主旨演讲。杨教授在发言中提到尽管在很长的时间里中国都在做关于自身的研究，但真正将学科体系框架构建起来，仍需付出巨大努力。如何通过国际对话而非仅仅内部交流表达中国的思维与认知是亟待我们去变革的。

主旨演讲之后，与会代表进行了集体合影并茶歇。上外俄罗斯研究中心主任汪宁教授主持了第一场讨论，复旦大学中国研究院范勇鹏副教授、上海社科院助理研究员潘玮琳博士、日本爱知大学高桥五郎教授、俄罗斯莫斯科友谊大学尤里教授以及韩国高丽大学李正男教授围绕“中国学概念、方法与思潮”展开辩论。

第二议题由上外欧盟研究中心副主任戴启秀教授主持，四川大学高中伟教授、北京外国语大学管永前副教授、上外武心波教授与意大利马切拉塔大学青年讲师安博璐博士、西交利物浦大学中国学系主任古德曼教授，作为各自大学中国学项目的负责人与建设者共同交流了办学经验，探讨如何进行“中国学”专业人才培养、完善学科体系。

上外英国中心副主任高健副教授主持了第三议题，在这一场次上海社科院历史所周武研究员、复旦大学中华文明国际研究中心副主任李天纲教授、华东师范大学对外汉语学院顾伟列教授，对话埃及艾因夏姆斯大学穆赫辛教授、澳大利亚昆士兰大学李志刚教授、意大利国际语言与传媒大学讲师斐德博士。纵论传统汉学与当代中国学，跨越历史、宗教、文学等诸多领域。

在“中国学的发展趋势展望”单元，上外马克思主义学院院长赵鸣歧教授担任了会议主持，华东师范大学历史系教授刘昶、讲师张昕，武汉大学政治学与公共管理学院副教授刘杉、上外马克思主义学院讲师张放与美国新罕布什尔大学政治系副教授李道明、加拿大多伦多大学博士候选人阎述良就中国道路、中国视角、国家资本主义等问题展开交锋。

经过一天激烈的头脑风暴，上外国际关系与公共事务学院副院长刘宏松教授做了大会总结；上外科研处处长、中日韩合作研究中心主任王有勇教授向与会代表致感谢辞。大会宴请由冯庆华副校长主持。值得一提的是本次会议全程配备同声传译，同传团队由上外高翻院长张爱玲教授亲自挂帅，上外高翻过硬的专业技能与先进的同传设备使得中外学者无障碍探讨畅论中国成为可能。

在校领导的高度重视、校内各部门的积极联动下，上外首届围绕“中国学”展开的国际研讨会取得圆满成功。思维碰撞、学术争鸣，本次会议为国内外19所高校与科研院所提供了共话

中国的平台，为国内外长期中国学合作搭建了平台，得到与会各方的一致认可与赞誉。（1847字）

2017考研英语翻译真题精析(20)

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！ 第 1 页 共 1 页 2017考研英语翻译真题精析（20） 要攻克考研英语翻译就必须要练习对句子的拆分解读能力，加强对词汇多义的把握，踩准得分点，最好的方法就是大家多练习对单句的细分解读，日积月累，翻译能力必定提升。凯程考研频道以真题为例，和大家分享句子的细分解读，从词汇到句式，希望大家多练练。 And home appliances will alsobecome so smart 0.5分//that controlling and operating them will result in 0.5分//the breakout of a new psychological disorder0.5分—//kitchen rage0.5分. (25 words) 词汇要点： 1) home appliances //家用电器 2) result in //导致，出现 3) breakout //n.爆发，出现，发作，发生 4) disorder//n.混乱，杂乱，紊乱;失调，疾病 结构要点： 1) …so …that …结果状语从句; 2) 破折号后面的kitchen rage 是在解释a new psychological disorder 。 汉译逻辑要点： 1) smart 翻译为“聪明”不太符合汉语习惯，因为上文主语是home appliances(家用电器)，家用电器“智能化”或者“精巧、小巧”都可以。 2) psychological disorder 翻译为“心理疾病，心理失调，心理紊乱”都可以，但是前面还有new 修饰，翻译为“新的心理疾病”才适合。 3) result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder ，意思是“导致一种新的心理疾病的爆发”。“导致…爆发”就是“引发了这种疾病”。 4) kitchen rage 是对前面的a new psychological disorder 这种“新的心理疾病”的解释，rage 本来是“愤怒”，既然是心理疾病，那就是“狂躁症”。road rage 叫“路怒症”是指开车的人不规矩，一上路就狂躁。kitchen rage 是指人一进厨房就狂躁。 完整译文： 家用电器将会变得如此智能化，以至于控制和操作它们会引发一种新的心理疾病——厨房狂燥症。

357英语翻译基础试题13

河南科技大学 2013年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码：357 考试科目名称：英语翻译基础 （如无特殊注明，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，否则以“0”分计算）I. 词汇短语或习语英汉互译（40分） 1．disintegration 2．ardent 3．far-sightedness 4．careful consideration 5．perfect harmony 6．feed on fancies 7．with great eagerness 8．lack of perseverance 9．make a little contribution 10．on the verge of destruction 11．黄头发 12．小心台阶13．百里挑一14．一饮而尽15．赤字 16．吃一堑，长一智17．覆水难收18．进退维谷19．顺其自然20．不可否认…… II.句子英汉互译。（30分） 1．Balance is the key to life. Focus is the key to success. Contentment is the key to happiness. 2．You can’t make progress until you get clear as to where you currently are.Remember, success is not a sprint, it is a marathon. 3．Don’t read more than what was intended into what he said. 4．Timeout is better than burnout. Learn to rest before you get exhausted. 5．Focus on the critical tasks that will give you the results you need. Postpone everything else. 6．你休想欺骗我。 7．夺取这个胜利，已经是不要很久的时间和不要花费很大的气力了;巩固这个胜利，则是需要很久的时间和要花费很大的气力的事情。 8．他很厚黑啊！ 9．人在屋檐下不得不低头。 10．你和他简直有一拼! III．请写出下列缩略词英文全称并译为汉语。（20分） 例如：PC:Personal Computer 个人电脑 1．ICU 2．BRT 3．CBD 4．W.W.W. 5．AIDS 6．D/P 7．IOC 8．SCI 9．SOS 10．I.P. IV.篇章英汉互译。（60分） A. 英译汉（30分）

2021翻译硕士MTI《英语翻译基础》考研复习笔记备考

2021翻译硕士MTI《英语翻译基础》考研复习笔记 备考

第1章词语翻译 1.1 大纲要求 翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会在《翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》中指出，MTI教育的目标是培养高层次、应用型、专业性口笔译人才。MTI教育重视实践环节，强调翻译实践能力的培养。全日制MTI的招生对象为具有国民教育序列大学本科学历（或本科同等学力）人员，具有良好的双语基础。根据《翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》，制定翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试大纲。该大纲是各学校自行命题的重要参考依据，对于考生备考有重要的指导意义。 1考试要求 要求考生准确翻译中英文术语或专有名词。 2题型 要求考生较为准确地写出题中的30个汉/英术语、缩略语或专有名词的对应目的语。汉/英文各15个，每个1分，总分30分。考试时间为60分钟。 1.2 应试指南 通过对各高校翻译硕士《357英语翻译基础》真题的归纳分析，我们可大致看出，词语翻译这部分所涉及词汇的领域主要有政治、学术、社会、文化、经济、环境、科学等方面，内容涵盖面非常广。

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英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编79 (总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00) 1.汉译英（分数： 2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 2.2010年12月，为了向年轻一代普及航天科学教育，海南省开始在文昌市建设航天主题公园。公园占地1800亩，紧邻文昌卫星发射中心。工程预计花费30亿元，在2013年完工。这个航天主题公园将分四个展览区，包括地球、月球、火星和太阳。游客甚至可以进入发射台，实地观看火箭发射。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：To promote aerospace science and general aviation knowledge among the younger generation, in December 2010, Hainan province begins to build a Space Flight Theme Park in Wenchang Cit-y. Covering an area of 1,800 mu (120 hectares) , the theme park is located at Wenchang Satellite Launch Center. The whole project is estimated to cost 3 billion yuan (455 million U. S. dollars) and is expected to be finished in 2013. The park will have four exhibiti-on sections, featuring the earth, moon, Mars and the sun. Visitors can even enter the launch station and watch the actual rocket launch.) 解析： 3.1957年10月苏联成功发射第一颗人造卫星，揭开了人类历史由地球迈向太空的第一页。此后短短半个世纪里，人类的外空探索活动突飞猛进，取得了辉煌的成就。人类不仅成功登陆月球，而且还将研究的触手伸向火星等更为遥远的星球。截止到2006年底，环绕地球飞行的各类人造物体，包括人造卫星、航天飞机、国际空间站、空间实验室等接近6000个。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：On October, 1957, the Soviet Union successfully launched the first artificial satellite, which turned the first page in human history of entering the space. During the half century coming after, humans" explorations in outer space have grown by leaps and bounds and have made brilliant achievements. Humans not only successfully landed on the moon, but also reached toward even more distant planet such as Mars. At the end of 2006, the number of the various types of artificial objects flying around the Earth, including satellites, space shuttles, international space stations, space laboratories, etc. is already close to 6,000.) 解析： 4.博鳌论坛的经历给了刘晓宁不小的打击，生活上的拮据让她开始反思自己做公务员两年多的经历。都说公务员舒服，但刘晓宁每天的工作时间都在10小时以上，加班到晚上八九点钟，是很正常的事。如果有活动，赶工到夜里12点，也是家常便饭。 （分数：2.00） __________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：The experience in Boao Forum is not a small blow to Liu Xiaoning. The bare livelihood forced her to reflect on her life as a civil servant for more than two years. Every one says that civil servants enjoy a comfortable life, but Xiaoning works more than 10 hours everyday. Working overtime until eight or nine in the evening is perfectly normal. When there are activities, staying up to 12 at night is also not uncommon.) 解析： 5.我国人口老龄化对经济增长的潜在影响理论研究认为，老龄化会减少劳动力供给，降低社会储蓄率，导致产出和资本形成能力下降，最终影响经济增长。同时，发达国家的实际表明，随着人口老龄化，养老费用及人均医疗费用均会大幅上升，加重政府财政负担。与发达国家“富老同步”或者“先富后老”相比，