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TEM8英汉互译阅卷评分标准

TEM8英汉互译阅卷评分标准

英译汉阅卷评分标准

汉译英阅卷评分标准

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2014春华师在线翻译作业

单选题 第1题 (2) 分这些工人都是篮球的热心观众。 A、These workers are avid watchers of basketball matches. B、These workers are avid watchers of basketball. C、These workers are warmhearted watchers of basketball. 第2题 (2) 分她常常动不动就骂她的孩子们,但孩子们都知道她使刀子嘴豆腐心。 A、She was always scolding her children, but they knew that her scolding might be like a knife but her heart B、She was always scolding her children, but they knew her bark was worse than her bite. C、She was always scolding her children, but they knew that she was kindhearted while scolding. 第3题 (2) 分这个小女孩长得又漂亮又聪明,真是人见人爱。 A、This little girl is beautiful and clever. Indeed everybody here loves her. B、This little girl is very beautiful and clever. It is true everybody here loves her when they see her. C、This little girl is so beautiful and clever that no one who sees her can help loving her. 第4题 (2) 分 On these pages you get the story of what happened --- and how leading Americans see the priorities now. A、以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及美国领导人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。 B、以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及领导的美国人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。 C、以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及当领导的美国人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。 第5题 (2) 分 His preoccupation with business left little time for his family. A、他全神贯注于事业,为他的家庭留下了很少的时间。 B、他对事业的全神贯注留给他家庭的时间很少。

新东方考研英语翻译技巧_附丁雪明完型讲义

第一章 考研翻译基础知识 一翻译的定义 二翻译的标准和翻译的方法 三翻译的基本过程 四考研翻译的核心解题策略 第二章翻译技巧:词法翻译法 一词义选择和词义引申 二词性转换 三增词法 四省略法 第三章翻译技巧:句法翻译法 一名词性从句的翻译 二定语从句的翻译 三状语从句的翻译 四被动结构的翻译 第一讲翻译的定义 翻译是一门语言的艺术,是语言之间的转换,是在准确理解的基础上用一种语言来忠实的表达另外一种语言。 考研翻译简介 (一)考研翻译考查内容和形式 根据全国硕士研究生统一考试英语考试大纲规定,考研翻译“主要考查考生准确理解内容或结构复杂的英语材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章,并将其中5个划线部分(约150词)译成汉语,要求译文准确、完整、通顺。考生在答题卡2上作答。”以2007年考研翻译题为例,考生在试卷上阅读的是一篇完整的文章,翻译的是5个划线部分。如: (二)考研翻译的评分标准 根据大纲规定,考研翻译的评分标准如下: 5个小题,每题2分,共10分。 ·如果句子译文明显扭曲原文意义,该句得分最多不超过0.5分。 ·如果考生就一个题目提供了两个或两个以上的译法,若均正确,给分;如果其中一个译法有错,按错误译法评分。 ·中文错别字不个别扣分,按整篇累计扣分。在不影响意思的前提下,满三个错别字扣0.5分,无0.25扣分。 (三)考研翻译今年考题特点和内容 根据对大纲和最近十几年来考研翻译已经考过的真题的分析,我们发现考研翻译具有如下明显的特点。 首先,考研翻译的短文内容大多是涉及当前人们普遍关注的社会生活、政治、经济、历史、文化、哲学、心理和科普方面的题材。其体裁基本上是议论文。如: 1990年:人的性格和行为分析 1991年:能源与农业

文言文翻译阅卷分析

一、文言文翻译评分标准 (1)苏轼尝见其诗文,以为妙绝当世,独立万物之表,世久无此作,由是声名始震。 参考译文:苏轼有一次看到他的诗文,以为他的诗文超凡绝尘,屹然独立于千万诗文之中,世上好久已没有这样的佳作,由此他的名声开始震动四方。 评分标准:5分,重点词“尝”“妙绝当世”“表”“震”各1分;句子通顺1分。 “尝”译为“曾经”、“有一次”均可,这是一个常见实词的常见意义,但仍有部分考生译为“尝试”或未翻译。 “妙绝当世”译为“在当世超凡绝尘”,意思对即可,95%左右的考生都能得分。省略句式不作为采分点。 “独立万物之表”标准答案译为“屹然独立于千万诗文之中”,但也有不少考生译为“独作为众多诗文的表率”,故阅卷过程中只要句意明确,也算对。比如有的考生译为“立于所有诗歌之上”、“在万千作品中独树一帜”“赫然独立于其他诗文之中”等亦可。但将“万物之表”译为“万物的表象”不给分。 “声名始震”译为“名声开始震动四方”,凡是意思对即可。 另外,有个别学生“久”没有翻译,未突出黄庭坚对时代的影响力。 该题得分率较高,分值集中在4-5分。

(2)庭坚学问文章,天成性得,陈师道谓其诗得法杜甫,学甫而不为者。 参考译文:黄庭坚的学问文章,是天性生成的,陈师道说他的诗得法于杜甫,学杜甫而又不模仿杜甫的诗。 评分标准:5分,重点词“学问文章”“天成性得”“得法杜甫”“为”各1分;句子通顺1分。 “学问文章”译为“做学问写文章”或不译均可,某些考生只知其一不知其二,译为“学习询问文章的写法”。 “天成性得”可参考第6题C项翻译成“天性生成”,或译为“浑然天成”“天性自然”“随性自得”亦可。出错主要是有的考生将其译为“由性格决定”,或“将这作为一种习性”“是天赋和性格所练成的”,甚至有的考生直接不译等。 “得法杜甫”译为“从杜甫那里得到精华”“得法于杜甫”“效法杜甫”“得到杜甫的方法”均可,出错主要是有的考生译为“可与杜甫相比”、“诗比杜甫”。 “为”译为“效仿”“模仿”均可,出错主要是有的考生将“为”译为“成为(杜甫)”、“比不上(杜甫)”等。不少考生因为意译而导致句意错误。 另外有不少考生将“陈师道”翻译成“过去的老师陈述”、“陈师说”。 该题得分分值4分居多,得分率较高。

考研英语翻译技巧讲解

考研英语翻译技巧讲解 【勤思整理转载请注明】 翻译技巧补充 一、英译汉概述 英译汉部分主要测试考生根据上下文准确理解英语句子并用汉语正确予以表达的能力。要求考生阅读一篇文章,并将其中5个划线部分的句子(约150词)翻译成中文,译文应准确、完整、通顺。划线的句子一般结构比较复杂,以考查考生的语法知识,以及正确理顺句子各部分关系的能力。 要在英译汉部分得高分,认真分析此类试题的特点和掌握基本的解题要领是很有必要的。 一、英译汉试题的选材 从体裁上看,英译汉试题的短文多为议论文或说明文,词数基本上在350~450之间。从题材上看,短文的内容涉及社会生活、科普、政治、经济、历史、文化等领域人们普遍关心的问题。 年份(年)题材词数 1998 宇宙的形成376 1999 历史学的研究方法326 2000 现代政府依赖专家人才381 2001 科学技术影响人类的未来生活405 2002 行为科学339 2003 人类学376 2004 语言学中萨皮尔——沃尔夫假说的形成355 2005 欧洲的电视媒体425 2006 “知识分子”的定义412 2007 法律教育对于新闻报道的意义423 二、英译汉试题的考查目标和标准 从语言技能方面,英译汉考查的要点是理解和表达,主要集中在词汇和句法两个层面,考生对原文要有充分的理解,每个词的含义,每个句子的结构,都必须透彻理解,同时又必须上下通顺连贯,浑然天成;此外,考生还要有较强的表达能

力,即较强的中英文写作功底,杜绝亦步亦趋、逐字逐句死译的毛病,提高把握整体的能力。要实现这些目标,考生在翻译时要: 1.根据上下文推测词义,选择确定恰当的词义并用汉语准确表达; 2.理解英语特殊的表意方式和语序,并能准确地转换成符合汉语习惯的句子; 3.理解句子的句法结构、文章的总体结构以及单句之间、段落之间的关系,并以此为基础用汉语进行准确表达; 4.根据上下文进行有关的判断、推理和引申并用汉语进行正确表达;理解作者的意图、观点或态度并采用恰当的语域用汉语进行准确表达。 根据研究生入学考试大纲中对英译汉的要求,衡量翻译效果的主要标准:一是“准确”,二是“通顺”。所谓“准确”,就是译文要忠实于原文,准确地表达原文的内容和观点,不得随意增补,不能遗漏,不能加入自己的立场观点。当然,“忠于原文”并不是要逐字逐句地机械地翻译。过分拘泥于原文反而经常造成译文的生涩难懂。“通顺”,则是指译文语言合乎汉语的规范和语言习惯,不要有语病、错别字,力求做到明白晓畅。 三、造成翻译难度的原因 从历年考生答题的情况看,英译汉部分得分普遍不高。英译汉之所以难,究其根本原因是英汉之间的差异错综复杂,既有语言表达方式方面的不同,又有思维逻辑以及文化习俗等方面的不同,这些都造成理解和表达上的重重困难。英译汉的难点在试题中主要反映在以下几个方面: 1.词义的确定、句子的理解都依赖上下文 英汉两种语言,除一些专用名词、科技术语以外,绝对等值的词为数很少,原因主要是英语词汇一词多类、一词多义的现象。在多数情况下一个英语单词往往有好几个,甚至几十个意思,错综复杂。例如英语的like同时兼类动词、名词、介词和形容词,含义更是五花八门。因此,词义对上下文的依赖性较大。确定的、充分的词义必须到上下文中去寻找。如果只记住某个单词的一、两个基本意义,便不分场合,不加区别地套译原文,往往会使译文生硬难懂,甚至歪曲原义。因此,译者必须十分谨慎,要对原文的词义做深入细致的分析,根据上下文所构成的语言环境来确定词义,从而准确无误地译出原意。 2.抽象名词多 英语中大量名词特别是抽象名词的罗列增加了理解和翻译的难度。抽象名词是表达抽象概念的名词,它的翻译是一个非常复杂的问题, 需要根据上下文来具体地确定这些抽象名词的汉语表达。但是, 我们应该遵循一个基本的原则, 即把抽象意义具体化, 把抽象名词转化为具体名词或含有具体特指性的词。有时需要增词翻译或者改换说法。例如tension, complacency,unemployment这类抽象名词,译成汉语时可分别在“紧张”后面加上“局势”,“自满”后面增加“情绪”,

华师在线 翻译作业

翻译作业 1.这些工人都是篮球的热心观众。A.These workers are avid watchers of basketball matches. 2.She is an absolutely one-man wife.C.她是一个忠实的妻子,坚信从一而终的信念。 3.Every one of us, except my poor hoodwinked grandmother, heard of the bad news. C.我们大家都得知了这一不幸的消息,只有我那可怜的奶奶,还蒙在鼓里。 4.学校不会管这样的事情。B.The school authority will not bother about such things. 5.A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want. A.哈丁斯好像不需要什么借口。6.他最终什么时候来,大家都吃不准。C.When he’ll finally turn up is anybody’s guess! 7.别管枝节问题,让我们讨论实质性问题,以求得基本的一致。https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ab7460623.html,y aside the side-issues for the moment; let’s get down to brass tacks and thrash out a basic agreement. 8.但他性情不同,既不求官爵,又不交朋友,终日闭门读书。B.He was, however, eccentric. He neither looked for an official post, nor had any friends, studying behind closed doors al day. 9.在那个殖民地,行政官员调动频繁,就像走马灯似的。A.The transfer of administrative personnel in that colony was so frequent as to create a kaleidoscope effect. 10.这个小女孩长得又漂亮又聪明,真是人见人爱。C.This little girl is so beautiful and clever that no one who sees her can help loving her. 11.当时我们已经变得像一家人那样亲密,东西不分你我,彼此可以把筷子伸到对方的碗里抢肉吃。C.We had come to be like one family by now, being on such intimate terms that we helped ourselves freely to each other’s things and sometimes could dig our chopsticks into each other’s bowls for choice pieces of meat. 12.即使商品质量好,也不能漫天讨价。A.Even quality goods must have a price ceiling. 13.Failure to answer half the questions they asked made the police suspect him. A.由于他未能回答他们所问问题的一半,使得警察对他产生了怀疑。 14.If you would know the value of money, go and try to borrow some; for he that goes a borrowing goes a suffering. A.要想知道钱的价值,就得体会一下借钱的滋味。因为开口向人借钱总是很不好受的。 15.He relaxed himself by playing chess at the end of an arduous day’s work. B.他工作了一天非常劳累,下班后下棋轻松一下。 16.I haunted all the meetings in London where debates followed lectures. A.伦敦的集会,凡是演讲结束以后接着进行辩论的,我都参加。 17.You are posted in what had preceded all this, but I was not. C.你现在已经明白了这件事的全部原委,但我当时却全然不知。 18.Of many thousand spare parts does not come up to the standard but one. B.在成千上万个备件中,只发现一个不合格。 19.…but Lady Southdown dismissed poor Briggs as quickly as decency permitted. A.无奈莎吴唐老太太不喜欢布里格斯,勉强留她住了几天,糊过面子,就急急的打发她走了。20.俗话说,不怕不识货,就怕货比货。A.Inferior goods can’t stand comparison, as the saying goes. 21.这具有重大的历史意义。A.This is of historic significance. 22.There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in his character. A.他的性格既残暴又狡猾。 23.她常常动不动就骂她的孩子们,但孩子们都知道她使刀子嘴豆腐心。B.She was always scolding her children, but they knew her bark was worse than her bite. 24.A cat, whose eyes can take in more rays of light than out eyes, can see things clearly in the night. C.由于猫的眼睛能比我们人的眼睛吸收更多的光线,所以猫在夜间看东西很清楚。25.His preoccupation with business left little time for his family. C.他全神贯注于事业,因而与家人在一起的时间很少。 26.Nepal’s wide range of topographies support similarly broad cultural variations. A.由于尼泊尔具有多样化的地貌特征,她的文化也呈现出多样性。 27.必须努力加强廉政建设。A.Great efforts should be made to keep government clean. 28.利润可能下降,但赞助活动仍方兴未艾。A.Profits may be falling, but sponsorship lives. 29.一切都考虑进去,她的建议似乎更切实可行。B.Everything taken into consideration, her proposal seems more practicable. 30.颐和园是我国劳动人民勤劳和智慧的产物。B.The Summer Palace is a monument to the industry and wisdom of the laboring people of China. 31.她变本加厉地剥削欺压工人。A.She redoubled his efforts in exploiting and oppressing the workers. 32.中国人民不用多久就会变得富裕起来。A.It won’t be long before the Chinese people become well off. 33.手头上的钱不够用了,他只好打消买皮鞋的念头。B.Money being not enough, he has to drop the idea to buy a pair of leather shoes for the time being. 34.You’re being merely childish.A.你这样做简直是孩子气。 35.这次展出还是老一套。C.The exhibit does not lend itself to much exciting variation. 36.他想一吐胸中块垒,但却找不到一个可以倾诉的人。C.He wanted to get his problem off his chest, but there was no one to whom he could unbosom himself. 37.On these pages you get the story of what happened --- and ````ee the priorities now.A.以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及美国领导人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。38.There’s been some dirty work with the club accounts and some money is missing.A.俱乐部的帐目有鬼,有些钱不知去向。 39.张先生腋下夹着一本字典,手里端``,```踱着步一边哼着一首流行歌曲。B.With a dictionary under his arm and a cup in his hand, Mr. Zhang was humming a popular tune as he paced. 40.大院周围,乱乱地戳着一幢幢茅棚土屋,风雪猛烈地冲撞着家家的破门烂窗。 A.Around the manor lay a wretched and confused mass of thatched huts, whose windows and doors rattled miserably in the snowstorm. 41.A causeless event or thing, we can not think of any more than we can of a stick with only one end.C.任何事情的发生都不可能是无缘无故的,正如一根棍子不可能只有一头一样。42.The children are always up to amusing tricks. A.孩子们总是喜欢调皮捣蛋寻开心。 43.War was avoided by a master stroke of statesmanship. B.由于运用了高超的政治策略,战争才得以避免。 44.The door opens, and who should enter but the very man we were talking of? A.门开了,谁想到走进来的正是我们方才谈论的人! 45.这些话,勾起他许多心事。他的````````子黯淡下来。C.These words awakened to him many memories of the past. Like the darkness pervading the room, his thoughts, too, grew somebre. 46.Few went out in such a cutting and blinding wind. C.寒风刺骨,刮得叫人睁不开眼睛。在这样恶劣的天气,很少有人出门。 47.She is a good washer. C.她洗衣服总是洗得很干净。 48.她没来开会,我们都觉得很遗憾。A.We all think it a pity that she didn’t show up at the meeting. 49.不错,有了自己的孩子使他们的造反冲动收敛了许多。C.True, parenthood has tamed their rebellious impulses. 50.我给你打国际直拨就跟给楼下的李姐打电话差不多,一拨就通。A.An international call to you is as easy as a call to Sister Li downstairs.

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